The problem is then I switch between panes, my buttons and text-fields become not visible, but then I drag cursor over components, they appear.
My Hierarchy looks similar to this:
JFrame
PanelWithComponents
_Button3
PanelWithPanels
_PanelOne
__Button1
__Label1(Background)
_PanelTwo
__Label2(Background)
__Button2
private void jRadioButton1ActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
if (jRadioButton1.isSelected()){
CardLayout cl = (CardLayout)(bottomPanel.getLayout());
cl.next(bottomPanel);
}else{
CardLayout cl = (CardLayout)(bottomPanel.getLayout());
cl.next(bottomPanel);
}
}
You should call the revalidate() and repaint() method when you switch the panes.
frame.getContentPane().revalidate();
frame.getContentPane().repaint();
From add method of Container.
Note: If a component has been added to a container that has been displayed, validate must be called on that container to display the new component. If multiple components are being added, you can improve efficiency by calling validate only once, after all the components have been added.
From remove method of Container.
Note: If a component has been removed from a container that had been displayed, validate() must be called on that container to reflect changes. If multiple components are being removed, you can improve efficiency by calling validate() only once, after all the components have been removed.
Edited as per camickr's comment.
Related
I am trying use JMenuItem to remove and add the panels I need. However, when ever I use the action listener and I tell it to add a panel, nothing happens.
PanelMaker newPanel = new Panel(); //I have my panel in another class and I use this to call it
item.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
#Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
add(newPanel.pane());//I try to add the panel here, but nothing occurs
}
});
You need to revalidate and repaint the container that gets components added or removed. i.e.,
#Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
add(newPanel.pane());//I try to add the panel here, but nothing occurs
revalidate(); // tells the layout managers to re-layout components
repaint(); // requests that the repaint manager repaint the container
}
The call to revalidate() tells the container's layout manager to re-layout all components held by it, and likewise can cause a cascade of re-layouts of all contained containers.
The call to repaint() again suggests to the repaint manager to repaint the container and all of its children. This is important especially if components are removed or if components move on top of a location where another component was previously seen, in order to clean up old renderings.
Also very important is the layout manager used by the container. Some don't readily accept new components easily -- GroupLayout comes to mind immediately in this regard.
got some problems.
Built an applet that has to be used step-by-step. After each step, a button is clicked and the next step should be added into the GUI.
Problem: without zooming, the added content doesn't get visible. in a application you can workaround with scaling the window size, but in an applet I wasn't able to solve that problem.
Thanks
EDIT:
actually, it looks smth like this:
Panel cp = new Panel(new GridLayout(0,2));
Panel Block1 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,2));
Panel Block1 = new Panel(new GridLayout(2,2));
...
init
public void init()
{
buildBlock1();
buildBlock2();
add(cp);
cp.setVisible(true);
}
adding some empty panels here, those who will get filled afterwards
private void buildBlock1()
{
Block1.add(panel1);
Block1.add(panel2);
Block1.add(panel3);
Block1.add(panel4);
cp.add(Block1);
}
button actionlistener
private void generatePanel1()
{
//adding some Components to the subpanel of Block1, which is a subpanel of cp.
Panel1.add(...);
cp.repaint();
cp.validate();
}
Now I don't have any code that I can check but adding (and removing) components to a container normally often needs to be "validated". So try
panel.add(...);
panel.revalidate();
API docs for JComponent.revalidate():
Validates this container and all of its subcomponents.
Supports deferred automatic layout.
Calls invalidate and then adds this component's validateRoot to a list of components that need to be validated. Validation will occur after all currently pending events have been dispatched. In other words after this method is called, the first validateRoot (if any) found when walking up the containment hierarchy of this component will be validated. By default, JRootPane, JScrollPane, and JTextField return true from isValidateRoot.
This method will automatically be called on this component when a property value changes such that size, location, or internal layout of this component has been affected. This automatic updating differs from the AWT because programs generally no longer need to invoke validate to get the contents of the GUI to update. The validate method is used to cause a container to lay out its subcomponents again. It should be invoked when this container's subcomponents are modified (added to or removed from the container, or layout-related information changed) after the container has been displayed.
I found three ways to fill my JFrame frame = new JFrame("...")
createContentPanel returns a JPanel and createToolBar returns a ToolBar.
frame.add(this.createToolBar(), BorderLayout.PAGE_START); //this works and puts the ToolBar above and the ContentPanel under it<br>
frame.add(this.createContentPanel(), BorderLayout.CENTER);
frame.setContentPane(this.createContentPanel()); //this lets the JToolBar hover over the ContentPanel
frame.getContentPane().add(this.createToolBar());
frame.getContentPane().add(this.createContentPanel()); //this only puts the last one into the JFrame
frame.getContentPane().add(this.createToolBar());
And now I am wondering why should i use the getContentPane()/setContentPane() method if i could just use a simple frame.add(...) to fill my frame.
You are right that it doesn't matter which you use (JFrame#add(...) vs. JFrame#getContentPane().add(...)) since they both essentially call the same code, however there will be times in the future when you'll need access to the contentPane itself, such as if you want to change its border, set its background color or determine its dimensions, and so you'll likely use getContentPane() at some point, and thus getting to know it and be familiar with it would be helpful.
//this only puts the last one into the JFrame
You need to understand how layout managers work. The default content pane is a JPanel that uses a BorderLayout. When you add a component and don't specify a constraint, then it defaults to the CENTER. However you can only has a single component in the center so the layout manager only knows about the last one added. When the layout manager is invoked it sets the size() and location() of that component. The other component has a size of 0, so it is never painted.
In Java 1.6, you can just use the add method of JFrame:
http://download.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/javax/swing/JFrame.html
(It will be delegated to the contentPane.)
http://download.oracle.com/javase/1.4.2/docs/api/javax/swing/JFrame.html
Which says:
The JFrame class is slightly
incompatible with Frame. Like all
other JFC/Swing top-level containers,
a JFrame contains a JRootPane as its
only child. The content pane provided
by the root pane should, as a rule,
contain all the non-menu components
displayed by the JFrame. This is
different from the AWT Frame case. For
example, to add a child to an AWT
frame you'd write:
frame.add(child);
However using JFrame you need to add the child
to the JFrame's content pane instead:
frame.getContentPane().add(child);
The same is true for setting layout
managers, removing components, listing
children, and so on. All these methods
should normally be sent to the content
pane instead of the JFrame itself. The
content pane will always be non-null.
Attempting to set it to null will
cause the JFrame to throw an
exception. The default content pane
will have a BorderLayout manager set
on it.
I have a JFrame inside of which is a jpanel that im using as the content pane.
So basically im using the jpanel to load content into on click. New content is returned as a Jpanel also so its ends up being jpanel -> inside jpanel -> inside Jframe. When i need to load in new content i clear the panel, load the new content and validate() the jframe & jpanel and the new content displays.
My problem is that when the new content displays its clear that the validate method is working because i can see the new interface but i can also see the old interface as if its become the background; i can resize the window and it just disappears and looks as it should.
Is this just the way validate works or can i fix it?
Edit: this worked. The problem was i wasn't calling repaint manually.
public BaseWindow setContent(JComponent comp){
contentPane.add(comp);
contentPane.revalidate();
contentPane.repaint();
return this;
}
Generally the code for adding/removing one or two components from a panel is:
panel.remove(..);
panel.add(...);
panel.revalidate();
panel.repaint(); // sometimes needed
However, if you are replacing all the components on the panel, then the better approach is to use a Card Layout.
You have already stated the revaliate() followed by repaint() doesn't work so the only suggestion I have is to post your SSCCE that demonstrates the problem.
Don't use validate. Use revalidate() instead.
Revalidate first calls invalidate() followed by a validate().
In Swing, you would rarely use validate().
Note: I also feel that maybe the old panel is not cleared/removed.Check again!
Validate() is for causing components to re arrange themselves according to the layoutmanager that you have installed. This is not really what you should be using.
I can't see your code, so I'm not sure exactly what you are doing. I could speculate that calling repaint() on your "inner panel" will solve the problem you are having...but really, if you are doing things properly, you shouldn't need to call repaint() or validate().
Make two JPanels, one with content A (e.g. your buttons), and one with content B (e.g. your "static" field). Use the "add()" and "remove()" methods on the parent container (the JFrame's content pane?) to swap these two JPanels with each other whenever you want to switch the content that is displayed in that part of the JFrame.
Then you shouldn't need to do anything else; it should just work.
I don't know if validate() makes any promise about fully repainting the container. You might have to call repaint() yourself to make it behave as you want to.
Here's another possible solution:
Put both JPanels in at the same time, side by side, and then make sure only one of them is ever visible at any one time:
JPanel p = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
p.add( panelA, BorderLayout.EAST );
p.add( panelB, BroderLayout.WEST );
panelA.setVisible(true);
panelB.setVisible(false);
Then when the user clicks the button to switch panels:
panelA.setVisible(false);
panelB.setVisible(true);
The setVisible() method and BorderLayout should take care of validating, layout, and calls to repaint() for you.
I ended up fixing my issue (display not shown, buttons would stay clicked/weren't unclicking) by changing which panels were added/removed.
Problem:
frame.removeAll();
frame.add(getNewPanelDisplay());
frame.revalidate();
frame.repaint();
Solution:
//initializer()
mainPanel = new JPanel();
frame.add(mainPanel());
// ...
//update()
mainPanel.remove(0);
mainPanel.add(getTablePanel(), 0);
frame.revalidate();
frame.repaint();
I have a class that extends javax.swing.JPanel, it contains a single JButton. I've created the class in NetBeans designer. As such, I have a initComponents() function thats called from the class constructor.
What I want to do is when/if a function is called, I want to add a second button, and change the layout of the two buttons. Doing simply:
public void addSecond() {
javax.swing.JButton secondButton = new javax.swing.JButton();
add(secondButton , java.awt.BorderLayout.CENTER);
}
Doesnt work, the new button doesnt show up. I tried a call to invalidate() as well but no luck.
How do I trigger a re-evaluation of the layout?
If said function is called more than once, what parts of the layout/buttons do I need to call dispose() on? Any other cleanup I should worry about?
Would this be easier to handle if I don't use the NetBeans designer?
You need to set the layout of the panel before you add the button with BorderLayout.CENTER. Also, you must remove and add the first button again and invoke the revalidate() method on the panel.
Change your addSecond() method as below and it should work.
private void addSecond() {
JButton secondButton = new JButton("Button - 2");
this.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
remove(firstButton);
add(firstButton, BorderLayout.NORTH);
add(secondButton, BorderLayout.CENTER);
revalidate();
}
when you changed the components in a way that changes the layout, you need to trigger the layout manager again by calling revalidate(). You can call it as often as you want.
For simple layouts just calling repaint() may be sufficient.
And actually unless you're doing dynamically changing panels (i.e. adding/removing components on the fly) you should use the netbeans designer, so all the Swing elements are in one place.
-- EDIT --
And you can only put one component into BorderLayout.CENTER per panel. If you put more than one element into the same position of a panel, what gets painted is not well defined, i.e. it may be either of the elements (or both).