Java: iterate through two arrays and using correct values - java

Given 2 int arrays, a and b, return a new array length 2 containing, as much as will fit, the elements from a followed by the elements from b. The arrays may be any length, including 0, but there will be 2 or more elements available between the 2 arrays.
I'm wondering how to use a !=, and null. This is the first question I've used it in and I'm having a few errors.
So my logic was to iterate through list a, until a null point, then go onto list b.
public int[] make2(int[] a, int[] b) {
int[] answer = new int[2];
for(int x = 0; x <= 1; x++){
if(a[x] != null)
answer[x] = a[x];
else if (b[x != null]){
answer[x] = b[x];
}
}
}
Something like this. Any tips on how to check for emptiness?

else if (b[x != null]){
Is not a valid statement, this will cause an error because (x != null) = true so is the same as else if (b[true]){ which does not make much sense.
Also, an empty array position of int will never be null but zero 0 instead.
Use this instead:
else if (b[x] != 0){
One more thing: as title says, use List to instead of array to have a variable number of elements:
public int[] make2(int[] a, int[] b) {
List<Integer> answers = new ArrayList<Integer>();
for(int x = 0; x <= 1; x++){
if(a[x] != 0) {
answers.add(a[x]);
} else if (b[x] != 0) {
answers.add(b[x]);
}
}
}
NOTES:
use answers instead of answer, is better name for a List with multiple elements.
take as usual to use ALWAYS { even if the statements inside are just one line
your function is not valid since does not include return answer
EDIT
Sorry about the title, my mistake. It is arrays
In this case, just remember arrays are not resizeable, so in the moment of creating the array check maximum size:
int maxSize = a.length > b.length ? a.length : b.length;
int[] answer = new int[maxSize];
NOTE: you can use this variable in your loop to check max number...
EDIT2
An empty array position is represented by a 0? What about the example make2({}, {1, 2}) → {1, 2}, will a[0] != 0 skip it? because index 0 doesn't exist?
you cannot use make2({}, {1, 2}), not a valid statement in this case. To simulate this do:
public static void main(String[] args) {
int a[] = new int[2];
int b[] = new int[2];
b[0] = 1;
b[1] = 2;
make2(a,b);
// if you want to see the output:
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(make2(a,b)));
}
It won't skip it, it will throw an ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException, in this case, you must make you function failsafe, for this, just check lenghts before accessing the element to assert it will exist:
public static int[] make2(int[] a, int[] b) {
int[] answer = new int[2];
for(int x = 0; x <= 1; x++){
if(a.length >= x && a[x] != 0) {
answer[x] = a[x];
} else if (b.length >= x && b[x] != 0){
answer[x] = b[x];
}
// optional
else {
answer[x] = -1; // this tells you there's no valid element!
}
}
return answer;
}
SOLUTION:
http://www.codingbat.com/prob/p143461 Here is a url to the question :D
Ok, you were missing the examples, all would be much clearer... This code pass all tests.
public int[] make2(int[] a, int[] b) {
int[] answer = new int[2]; // create the array to fill
int y = 0; // create a variable to check SECOND array position
for(int x = 0; x <= 1; x++){ // make 2 iterations
if(a.length > x) { // if ARRAY a has a possible value at POSITION x
answer[x] = a[x]; // put this value into answer
} else if (b.length > y){ // if ARRAY a does not have possible value at POSITION x,
// check if ARRAY b has some possible value at POSITION y
// (remember y is the variable that keeps position of ARRAY b)
answer[x] = b[y++]; // put b value at answer
}
}
return answer; // return answer
}

You can check array if it string but your array is int. so you can use the following example
int arr[] = null;
if (arr != null) {
System.out.println("array is null");
}
arr = new int[0];
if (arr.length != 0) {
System.out.println("array is empty");
}

I have a few questions, before I suggest you some alternatives. 1. why are you declaring int[] answer = new int[2]; when question says 2 or more elements.
You should use :
List<int> stockList = new ArrayList<int>();
if(a[x] != null)
stockList.add(a[x]);
else if (b[x] != null){
stockList.add(b[x]);
}
int[] stockArr = new int[stockList.size()];
stockArr = stockList.toArray(stockArr);

Related

Find different index in arrays compare

I'm trying to learn a bit Java with tutorials and currently I'm struggling with piece of code where I should find on which index is difference between arrays (if there is difference at all)
My code
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
int[] arrOne = Arrays.stream(scanner.nextLine().split(" ")).mapToInt(Integer::parseInt).toArray();
int[] arrTwo = Arrays.stream(scanner.nextLine().split(" ")).mapToInt(Integer::parseInt).toArray();
int sumArrOne = 0;
int index = 0;
boolean diff = false;
for (int k : arrOne) {
if (Arrays.equals(arrOne, arrTwo)) {
sumArrOne += k;
} else {
for (int i : arrTwo) {
if (k != i) {
index = i;
diff = true;
break;
}
}
}
}
if (diff) {
System.out.println("Found difference at " + index + " index.");
} else {
System.out.println("Sum: " + sumArrOne);
}
So, if arrays are identical I'm sum array elements in arrOne. If they are not identical -> must show at which index they are not.
With this code when I input
1 2 3 4 5
1 2 4 3 5
I should get that difference is at index 2 instead I've got index 1.
I'm not quite sure why and would be glad if someone point me out where is my mistake.
I updated your code. Looks like you're misunderstanding the concept of indexes yet.
Use one common index to check with in both arrays, in my example it's simply called i:
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class BadArray {
static private final int INVALID_INDEX = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
public static void main(final String[] args) {
try (final Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);) {
final int[] arrOne = Arrays.stream(scanner.nextLine().split(" ")).mapToInt(Integer::parseInt).toArray();
final int[] arrTwo = Arrays.stream(scanner.nextLine().split(" ")).mapToInt(Integer::parseInt).toArray();
int sumArrOne = 0;
int diffIndex = INVALID_INDEX;
final int minLen = Math.min(arrOne.length, arrTwo.length);
for (int i = 0; i < minLen; i++) {
sumArrOne += arrOne[i];
if (arrOne[i] != arrTwo[i]) {
diffIndex = i;
break;
}
}
if (diffIndex != INVALID_INDEX) {
System.out.println("Found difference at " + diffIndex + " index.");
} else if (arrOne.length != arrTwo.length) {
System.out.println("Arrays are equal but have different length!");
} else {
System.out.println("Sum: " + sumArrOne);
}
}
}
}
I also put the scanner into a try-resource-catch to handle resource releasing properly.
Note you could also do the array lengths comparison right at the start if different array lengths play a more crucial role.
You are trying to find out which index has the first difference so you should iterate via the index rather than using a for-each loop (aka enhanced for loop). The following method should work for this.
/**
* Returns the index of the first element of the two arrays that are not the same.
* Returns -1 if both arrays have the same values in the same order.
* #param left an int[]
* #param right an int[]
* #return index of difference or -1 if none
*/
public int findIndexOfDifference(int[] left, int[] right) {
// short-circuit if we're comparing an array against itself
if (left == right) return -1;
for (int index = 0 ; index < left.length && index < right.length ; ++index) {
if (left[index] != right[index]) {
return index;
}
}
return -1;
}
In your code you compare, where the indexes are different, not the values at the indexes. Also your code has several other issues. I'll try to go through them step by step:
// compare the whole array only once, not inside a loop:
diff = !Arrays.equals(arrOne, arrTwo));
if (!diff) {
// do the summing without a loop
sumArrOne = Arrays.stream(arrOne).sum();
} else {
// find the difference
// it could be the length
index = Math.min(arrOne.length, arrTwo.length);
// or in some different values
for (int i = 0; i < index; i++) { // do a loop with counter
if (arrOne[i] != arrTwo[i]) {
index = i;
break;
}
}
}
It doesn't matter that I set index here above the loop as it's value will be overwritten anyways inside the loop, if relevant.

Adding elements to the beginning of an array of ints

Working on an addBefore() method that adds a new element to the beginning of an array of ints and then causes the existing elements to increase their index by one.
This is what is showing in the console when trying to run --
java.lang.RuntimeException: Index 1 should have value 11 but instead has 0
at IntArrayListTest.main(IntArrayListTest.java:67)
Below is the code I have so far.
public class IntArrayList {
private int[] a;
private int length;
private int index;
private int count;
public IntArrayList() {
length = 0;
a = new int[4];
}
public int get(int i) {
if (i < 0 || i >= length) {
throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(i);
}
return a[i];
}
public int size() {
return length;
}
public void set(int i, int x) {
if (i < 0 || i >= a.length) {
throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(i);
}
a[i] = x;
}
public void add(int x) {
if (length >= a.length) {
int[] b = new int[a.length * 2];
for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
b[i] = a[i];
}
a = b;
//count += 1;
}
a[length] = x;
count++;
length = length + 1;
}
public void addBefore(int x) {
int[] b = new int[a.length*2];
for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
b[i+a.length] = a[i];
}
a = b;
a[index] = x;
length ++;
}
}
Whether you add first or last, you need to only grow the array size if it is already full.
The count field seems to be exactly the same as length, and index seems unused and meaningless as a field, so remove them both.
To rearrange values in an array, use this method:
System.arraycopy(Object src, int srcPos, Object dest, int destPos, int length)
You two "add" methods should then be:
public class IntArrayList {
private int[] a; // Underlying array
private int length; // Number of added elements in a
// other code
public void add(int x) {
if (length == a.length) {
int[] b = new int[a.length * 2];
System.arraycopy(a, 0, b, 0, length);
a = b;
}
a[length++] = x;
}
public void addBefore(int x) {
if (length < a.length) {
System.arraycopy(a, 0, a, 1, length);
} else {
int[] b = new int[a.length * 2];
System.arraycopy(a, 0, b, 1, length);
a = b;
}
a[0] = x;
length++;
}
}
If the answer requires you to do the looping yourself then something like this should work fine (one of a few ways to do this, but is O(n)) :
public void addBefore(int x) {
if(length + 1 >= a.length){
int[] b = new int[a.length*2];
b[0] = x;
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
b[i + 1] = a[i];
}
a = b;
} else {
for (int i = length; i >= 0 ; i--) {
a[i + 1] = a[i];
}
a[0] = x;
}
length++;
}
I noticed this started running a "speed test" - not sure how useful a test like that is, as it would be based on cpu performance, rather than testing complexity of the algorithm ..
you had three problems with your solution:
you increased the length of a every time the method was called. this would quickly create an OutOfMemoryException
when you copied values from a to b, you did b[i+a.length] = a[i]; which means the values would be copied to the middle of b instead of shift just one place
at the end, you put the new value in the end of the array instead of at the beginning.
all this I was able to see because I used a debugger on your code. You need to start using this tool if you want to be able to detect and fix problems in your code.
so fixed solution would do this:
check if a is full (just like it is done with add() method) and if so, create b, and copy everything to it and so on)
move all values one place ahead. the easiest way to do it is to loop backwards from length to 0
assign new value at the beginning of the array
here is a working solution:
public void addBefore(int x) {
// increase length if a is full
if (length >= a.length) {
int[] b = new int[a.length * 2];
for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
b[i] = a[i];
}
a = b;
}
// shift all values one cell ahead
for (int i = length; i > 0; i--) {
a[i] = a[i-1];
}
// add new value as first cell
a[0] = x;
length ++;
}
}
You can use the existing Java methods from the Colt library. Here is a small example that uses a Python syntax (to make the example code small I use Jython):
from cern.colt.list import IntArrayList
a=IntArrayList()
a.add(1); a.add(2) # add two integer numbers
print "size=",a.size(),a
a.beforeInsert(0, 10) # add 10 before index 0
print "size=",a.size(),a
You can use DataMelt program to run this code. The output of the above code is:
size= 2 [1, 2]
size= 3 [10, 1, 2]
As you can see, 10 is inserted before 1 (and the size is increased)
Feel free to change the codding to Java, i.e. importing this class as
import cern.colt.list.IntArrayList
IntArrayList a= new IntArrayList()
You could use an ArrayList instead and then covert it to an Integer[] Array which could simplify your code. Here is an example below:
First create the ArrayList:
ArrayList<Integer> myNums = new ArrayList<Integer>();
Next you can add the values that you want to it, but I chose to just add the numbers 2-5, to illustrate that we can make the number 1 the first index and automatically increment each value by one index. That can simplify your addBefore() method to something such as this:
public static void addBefore(ArrayList<Integer> aList) {
int myInt = 1;
aList.add(0, myInt);
}
Since your ArrayList has ONE memory location in Java, altering the Array within a method will work (this would also work for a regular Array). We can then add any value to the beginning of the ArrayList. You can pass an Integer to this method as the second argument (int x), if you want, but I simply created the myInt primitive to simplify the code. I know that in your code you had the (int x) parameter, and you can add that to this method. You can use the ArrayList.add() method to add the int to index 0 of the Array which will increment each Array element by 1 position. Next you will need to call the method:
addBefore(myNums);//You can add the int x parameter and pass that as an arg if you want here
Next we can use the ArrayList.toArray() method in order to covert the ArrayList to an Integer Array. Here is an example below:
Integer[] integerHolder = new Integer[myNums.size()];
Integer[] numsArray = (Integer[])myNums.toArray(integerHolder);
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(numsArray));
First we create an ArrayHolder that will be the same size as your ArrayList, and then we create the Array that will store the elements of the ArrayList. We cast the myNums.toArray() to an Integer Array. The results will be as follows. The number 1 will be at index 0 and the rest of your elements will have incremented by 1 index:
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
You could do the entire process within the addBefore() method by converting the Array to an ArrayList within the method and adding (int x) to the 0 index of the ArrayList before converting it back into an Array. Since an ArrayList can only take a wrapper class object you'll simply need to convert the int primitive Array into the type Integer for this to work, but it simplifies your addBefore() method.

How to add an element to an array with java? [duplicate]

This question already has answers here:
add an element to int [] array in java [duplicate]
(14 answers)
Closed 6 years ago.
How could I add an element to an array?
I could easily simplify my code if I could add an element to an array. My code is shown below.
public int[] intersection(int[] nums1, int[] nums2) {
Arrays.sort(nums1);
Arrays.sort(nums2);
int[] nums2_1 = nums2;
int[] nums2_2 = nums2;
int length = 0;
int number =0;
if ((nums1.length != 0) && (nums2.length != 0)) {
for (int i = 0; i < nums1.length; i++) {
boolean valid = true;
if ((i != 0) && (nums1[i-1] == nums1[i])) {
valid = false;
}
if (binarySearch(nums2_1, nums1[i], 0, nums2.length-1) && valid) {
length++;
}
}
}
int[] nums3 = new int[length];
if ((nums1.length != 0) && (nums2.length != 0)) {
for (int i = 0; i < nums1.length; i++) {
boolean valid = true;
if ((i != 0) && (nums1[i-1] == nums1[i])) {
valid = false;
}
if (binarySearch(nums2_2, nums1[i], 0, nums2.length-1) && valid) {
nums3[number] = nums1[i];
number++;
}
}
}
return nums3;
}
Arrays have a fixed length in Java. If you need to dynamically size your collections of ints, you should consider using one of the implementions of List instead. Then you can add elements to it with the .add() method.
It would look something like this:
List<Integer> nums3 = new ArrayList<Integer>();
and then instead of nums3[number] and keeping track of the number variable, just use
nums3.add(nums1[i]);
Arrays should be used when you know the definite size of the Input. If you do not know the definite size, then its advisable to use the collections framework, based on the usage.
Arrays has fixed size. Easy way to add elements to array is to create another array whose size is old array size + 1. Now add the last element.
Otherwise use ArrayList

How to check the object of type int[] of an arraylist?

I'm trying to find out particular elements in my ArrayList (arrayOne). Each element should be an int[]. I've tried System.out.println(arrayOne), which compiles but gives a irregular and strange number "[[I#370968]".
I've also tried System.out.println(arrayOne[0]) but it won't compile and emits the error
Array required but java.util.ArrayList found.
Given is the following code, with {1,12,3,13,123,2} passed to eg:
import java.util.ArrayList;
public class arrayTest {
private ArrayList<int[]> arrayOne;
public arrayTest(int[] eg) {
int[] xy = new int[2];
arrayOne = new ArrayList<int[]>(eg.length);
for (int i = 0; i < eg.length; i++) {
int sv = String.valueOf(eg[i]).length();
if (sv == 1) {
xy[0] = 0;
xy[1] = eg[i];
arrayOne.add(xy);
}
else if (sv == 2) {
System.out.println("two digits");
// TODO add code to make xy[0] = the first
// digit of eg and xy[1] = the second digit
}
else {
System.out.println("too many digits");
// and throw error accordingly
}
System.out.println(arrayOne);
}
}
}
How do make sure and print out the int array at arrayOne[0]
Given the code above if (sv == 2) and i want to split each individual number into an int[] with [0] being the first digit and [1] being the second digit how would i get the int value of each individual digit.
Use Arrays.toString(yourArray); to print out arrays in human readable form.
First of all, the string [I#370968 is displayed because you are trying to print an int[], which is actually an object. Because this object does not override the object's toString() method, that method is derived from the Object class. The Object.toString() implementation, which prints the class name (in this case [I, because it is an int array), then an # sign, and then the hash code of the object.
Your ArrayList contains a number of int[]s. Because an ArrayList is not an array (the one with the square brackets, like int[]), you can't call an element on it as if it were an array. In short, you cannot call arrayOne[someDesiredIndex].
In order to get an element from the ArrayList, call get(int index) on it; it returns the desired int[]. As already pointed out by another answer, you can use Arrays.toString(int[]) to print it in a human readable form.
To answer your questions:
You can retrieve the first index (0) of the first array inside arrayOne with the following code: arrayOne.get(0)[0].
The following code should work:
private static int[] intToArray(int n) {
String str = String.valueOf(n);
int length = str.length();
int[] ints = new int[length];
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
ints[i] = Integer.parseInt(str.substring(i, i + 1));
}
return ints;
}
Above method puts each digit into the next array position (it also works with digits greater than 99). With this method you can easily get each individual digit:
int[] digits = intToArray(47);
int a = digits[0]; // Will be 4
int b = digits[1]; // Will be 7
So this is the class rewritten:
public class Rewrite {
private ArrayList<int[]> arrayOne = new ArrayList<int[]>();
public Rewrite(int[] eg) {
for (int i = 0; i < eg.length; i++) {
int length = String.valueOf(eg[i]).length();
switch (length) {
case 1:
this.arrayOne.add(new int[] { 0, eg[i] });
break;
case 2:
this.arrayOne.add(intToArray(eg[i]));
break;
default:
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Number " + eg[i] + " has too many digits");
// Or display the error or something.
}
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(this.arrayOne.get(i)));
}
}
private static int[] intToArray(int n) {
String str = String.valueOf(n);
int length = str.length();
int[] ints = new int[length];
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
ints[i] = Integer.parseInt(str.substring(i, i + 1));
}
return ints;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Rewrite r = new Rewrite(new int[] { 47, 53, 91, 8 });
}

Removing specific value from array (java)

i have integer a = 4 and array b 7,8,9,4,3,4,4,2,1
i have to write a method that removes int ALL a from array b
desired result 7,8,9,3,2,1
This is what I have so far,
public static int[] removeTwo (int x, int[] array3)
{
int counter = 0;
boolean[] barray = new boolean [array3.length];
for (int k=0; k<array3.length; k++)
{
barray[k] = (x == array3[k]);
counter++;
}
int[] array4 = new int [array3.length - counter];
int num = 0;
for (int j=0; j<array3.length; j++)
{
if(barray[j] == false)
{
array4[num] = array3[j];
num++;
}
}
return array4;
I get this error
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException: 0
at Utility.removeTwo(Utility.java:50)
at Utility.main(Utility.java:18)
Java Result: 1
Any help would be much appreciated!
The error stems from this for loop:
for (int k=0; k<array3.length; k++)
{
barray[k] = (x == array3[k]);
counter++;
}
when you create int[] array4 = new int [array3.length - counter]; you are creating an array with size 0. You should only increment the counter if the item is the desired item to remove:
for (int k=0; k<array3.length; k++)
{
boolean b = (x == array3[k]);
barray[k] = b;
if(b) {
counter++;
}
}
To answer your question in the comment, the method should be called and can be checked like this:
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] array3 = {0,1,3,2,3,0,3,1};
int x = 3;
int[] result = removeTwo(x, array3);
for (int n : result) {
System.out.print(""+ n + " ");
}
}
On this line:
int[] array4 = new int [array3.length - counter];
You create an array with size 0, as counter is equal to array3.length at this point.
This means that you cannot access any index in that array.
You are creating
int[] array4 = new int [array3.length - counter];// 0 length array.
you can't have 0th index there. At least length should 1 to have 0th index.
BTW my suggestion, it is better to use List. Then you can do this easy.
Really an Array is the wrong tool for the job, since quite apart from anything else you will end up with stray values at the end that you cannot remove. Just use an ArrayList and that provides a removeAll() method to do what you need. If you really need arrays you can even do:
List<Integer> list = new ArrayList(Arrays.asList(array))
list.removeAll(4);
array = list.toArray();
(Exact method names/parameters may need tweaking as that is all from memory).
the simplest way is to work with a second array where you put in the correct values
something likte that
public static int[] removeTwo (int x, int[] array3)
{
int counter = 0;
int[] array4 = new int[array3.lenght];
for (int i = 0; i < array3.lenght; i ++) {
if(array3[i] == x){
array4[counter] = array3[i];
}
}
return array4;
}
anoterh way is to remove the x calue from the array3 and shift the values behind forward
The best way to remove element from array is to use List with Iterator. Try,
Integer[] array = {7, 8, 9, 4, 3, 4, 4, 2, 1};
List<Integer> list = new ArrayList(Arrays.asList(array));
for(Iterator<Integer> it=list.iterator();it.hasNext();){
if(it.next()==4){
it.remove();
}
}

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