i use this shell script to start the java project
cd target
echo "shell parameters: $*"
java -classpath . com.tencent.Example $*
But now I need to use the jdbc jar,How should I modify the shell script and in which path to put the jar?
If the jar is in the current directory,Change the shell to this.
cd target
echo "shell parameters: $*"
java -classpath .:./mysql-connector-java-8.0.27.jar com.tencent.Example $*
I have a Java/Kotlin program, which gets arguments from String[] args, and I need to make it executable from everywhere from console, without prefixing it with java word. Like only the name of the program and its arguments. How can I do it?
Like git or heroku:
name command
It depends on your operating system, but on Unix the following script would work:
#!/bin/sh
MYSELF=`which "$0" 2>/dev/null`
[ $? -gt 0 -a -f "$0" ] && MYSELF="./$0"
java=java
if test -n "$JAVA_HOME"; then
java="$JAVA_HOME/bin/java"
fi
exec "$java" $java_args -jar ${MYSELF}.jar "$#"
exit 1
You need to append this script at the start of your jar using cat, like the following
cat script.sh my.jar > my-program
And move my-program to some dir in your $PATH. After that, you'll be able to call my-program as usual program.
I am currently trying to install a program from Sourceforge. The installation process requires that I change directory paths in the makefile and execute it. I have been researching how to run the makefile but I am still lost and was hoping to get some help or be pointed in the right direction. I am running Windows 8.1. I believe the program is going to execute a java class file. However, I am unfamiliar with the language and not sure how I should alter the makefile to run in windows 8.1. I tried to run "make" in the command prompt but that didn't work. I posted the makefile below. I understand I should change the directory for ImageJ (which I have installed). But I'm not sure how I should alter path for windows and how I can then execute it. The manual instructs me to change IMAGEJ_DIR to the installation place of the program ImageJ. Then execute "make" and "make install" will generate the jar file. "My imageJ folder is located at C:\Program Files. Do I need to change the directory to execute this makefile, and if so how can I do that in windows? The makefile itself is located in my downloads folder. Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks!
JC=javac IMAGEJ_DIR=/home/wenja/ImageJ PLUGIN_DIR=$(IMAGEJ_DIR)/plugins/OpenBeamProfiler IJ_JAR=$(IMAGEJ_DIR)/ij.jar APACHEMATH_JAR=$(IMAGEJ_DIR)/plugins/commons-math3-3.2.jar LIBJAR=$(IJ_JAR):$(APACHEMATH_JAR) CLASSPATH=$(IMAGEJ_DIR):./:$(LIBJAR) CLASSDIR=./classes COMPILEFLAGS=
COMPILEFLAGS=-Xlint:deprecation
COMPILEFLAGS=-Xlint:unchecked
all: $(CLASSDIR)/BeamProfiler_Plugin.class $(CLASSDIR)/BeamProfilerFrame.class $(CLASSDIR)/BeamProfilerResultFrame.class $(CLASSDIR)/BeamViewWindow.class $(CLASSDIR)/BeamFunctionGauss.class $(CLASSDIR)/BeamFunctionSuperGauss.class
clean: rm -f $(CLASSDIR)/*.class rm -f *.jar
$(CLASSDIR)/BeamProfiler_Plugin.class: BeamProfiler_Plugin.java $(JC) $(COMPILEFLAGS) -cp $(CLASSPATH) -d $(CLASSDIR) BeamProfiler_Plugin.java
$(CLASSDIR)/BeamProfilerFrame.class: BeamProfilerFrame.java $(JC) $(COMPILEFLAGS) -cp $(CLASSPATH) -d $(CLASSDIR) BeamProfilerFrame.java
$(CLASSDIR)/BeamProfilerResultFrame.class: BeamProfilerResultFrame.java $(JC) $(COMPILEFLAGS) -cp $(CLASSPATH) -d $(CLASSDIR) BeamProfilerResultFrame.java
$(CLASSDIR)/BeamViewWindow.class: BeamViewWindow.java $(JC) $(COMPILEFLAGS) -cp $(CLASSPATH) -d $(CLASSDIR) BeamViewWindow.java
$(CLASSDIR)/BeamFunctionGauss.class: BeamFunctionGauss.java $(JC) $(COMPILEFLAGS) -cp $(CLASSPATH) -d $(CLASSDIR) BeamFunctionGauss.java
$(CLASSDIR)/BeamFunctionSuperGauss.class: BeamFunctionSuperGauss.java $(JC) $(COMPILEFLAGS) -cp $(CLASSPATH) -d $(CLASSDIR) BeamFunctionSuperGauss.java
Note: the "_" in the jar file name in important to be recognized by ImageJ
for including manifest use
jar cfm Beam_Profiler.jar Manifest.txt BeamProfiler_Plugin.class BeamProfilerFrame.class BeamProfilerResultFrame.class
it is important to jar *.class to also get ...$1.class etc.
jar: all cd $(CLASSDIR) &&\ jar cf Beam_Profiler.jar * &&\ mv Beam_Profiler.jar ../
install: jar #if test ! -d $(PLUGIN_DIR); then mkdir $(PLUGIN_DIR); fi
cp Beam_Profiler.jar $(PLUGIN_DIR)
uninstall: rm -f $(PLUGIN_DIR)/Beam_Profiler.jar
Try this,
Open command prompt => Go to windows start menu (run programs) -> type the command "cmd.exe"; this will list the command prompt program in the list. Open the command prompt. Probably it'll be defaulted to your home directory. So issue the command "cd Downloads\directory_of_the_program_to_install" to navigate to the program directory. Now go to the real program folder, then find that make file, open it in edit mode, and then change the entry
IMAGEJ_DIR=c:\program files\imagej_directory. Then go to the command prompt that we opened before, and issue the command make and then makeinstall. This would do the trick.
Hi i have been using an IDE but now I need to run and compile from the command line.
The problem is that I have multiple packages and I have tried to find the answer but nothing has worked.
So I have
src/
Support/ (.java files)
Me/ (.java files)
Wrapers/ (.java files)
Do you know how to compile everything with javac?
This should do it (may require additional classpath elements via the -cp command line switch):
javac Support/*.java Me/*.java Wrapers/*.java
But if your build process gets more complex (and it will!), you should look into using Apache Ant for build automation.
You should use build tools like Maven or Ant for such tasks.
In the initial stages, when the project is not very complex you can use the following line to compile, with appropriate classpath in place(as suggested by #Michael):
javac Support/*.java Me/*.java Wrapers/*.java
javac -d compiled $(find src -name *.java)
If you really need to just use javac and standard UNIX commands you could to this:
find src -name \*.java -print0 | xargs -0 javac -d classes
The real answer is javac -d (places where classes to be built and placed) -sourcepath (source of the package at the root) -cp (classpath of the dependencies which can again be classes folder where the classes are build and kept) full qualified name of the java file.
Ex javac -d classes -sourcepath src -cp classes src\com\test\FirstSample.java
The FirstSample.java contains the main method. Pacjage structure mentioned below.
Before compiling
HomeApp
--src
------com\test\FirstSample.java (First Sample using the FirstPojo.java)
------com\test\FirstPojo.java
--classes
After compiling
HomeApp
--src
------com\test\FirstSample.java (FirstSample.java using the FirstPojo.java)
------com\test\FirstPojo.java
--classes
------com\test\FirstSample.class (FirstSample.class using the FirstPojo.class)
------com\test\FirstPojo.class
In many cases Ant is overkill. Just use a BAT file if you are in windows or a shell script (sh file) if you are in linux. You can create a text file which includes all your javac commands and just run that file when you want to build.
For example, I use the following bat file to build one of my apps:
#echo off
echo Building Shazaam...
del classes\com\aepryus\shazaam\*.* /q
del classes\com\aepryus\shazaam\engine\*.* /q
del classes\com\aepryus\shazaam\domain\*.* /q
del classes\com\aepryus\shazaam\persist\*.* /q
del classes\com\aepryus\shazaam\view\*.* /q
del classes\com\aepryus\shazaam\task\*.* /q
del classes\com\aepryus\shazaam\action\*.* /q
del classes\com\aepryus\shazaam\controller\*.* /q
javac src\com\aepryus\shazaam\*.java -classpath \lib\AepUtil.jar;\lib\AepXML.jar;\lib\AepLoom.jar; -d classes
javac src\com\aepryus\shazaam\engine\*.java -classpath \lib\AepUtil.jar;\lib\AepXML.jar;\lib\AepLoom.jar;\lib\Sprout.jar;classes; -d classes
javac src\com\aepryus\shazaam\domain\*.java -classpath \lib\AepUtil.jar;\lib\AepLoom.jar;\lib\Sprout.jar;classes; -d classes
javac src\com\aepryus\shazaam\persist\*.java -classpath \lib\AepUtil.jar;\lib\AepLoom.jar;\lib\Sprout.jar;classes; -d classes
javac src\com\aepryus\shazaam\view\*.java -classpath \lib\Servlet.jar;\lib\AepUtil.jar;\lib\AepXML.jar;\lib\AepLoom.jar;\lib\AepHTML.jar;\lib\Sprout.jar;classes; -d classes
javac src\com\aepryus\shazaam\task\*.java -classpath \lib\AepUtil.jar;\lib\AepLoom.jar;\lib\AepHTML.jar;\lib\Sprout.jar;classes; -d classes
javac src\com\aepryus\shazaam\action\*.java -classpath \lib\Servlet.jar;\lib\AepUtil.jar;\lib\AepLoom.jar;\lib\AepHTML.jar;\lib\Sprout.jar;classes; -d classes
javac src\com\aepryus\shazaam\controller\*.java -classpath \lib\Servlet.jar;\lib\AepUtil.jar;\lib\AepXML.jar;\lib\AepRPC.jar;\lib\AepLoom.jar;\lib\AepHTML.jar;\lib\Sprout.jar;classes; -d classes
cd classes
jar cf ..\war\WEB-INF\lib\Shazaam.jar .
cd..
echo Complete
To compile Run below command [it will store all class files in classes folder]
javac -d classes Support/*.java Me/*.java Wrapers/*.java
**Note : classes folder should be created first
To Run java application, run below command
java -cp classes {mainfile_name}
Replace mainfile_name with your main file.
I'm new to Scala and don't know Java. I want to create a jar file out of a simple Scala file. So I have my HelloWorld.scala, generate a HelloWorld.jar.
Manifest.mf:
Main-Class: HelloWorld
In the console I run:
fsc HelloWorld.scala
jar -cvfm HelloWorld.jar Manifest.mf HelloWorld\$.class HelloWorld.class
java -jar HelloWorld.jar
=> "Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: HelloWorld/jar"
java -cp HelloWorld.jar HelloWorld
=> Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: scala/ScalaObject
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:675)
at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:124)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(URLClassLoader.java:260)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.access$100(URLClassLoader.java:56)
at java.net.URLClassLoader$1.run(URLClassLoader.java:195)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:188)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:316)
at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:280)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:251)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClassInternal(ClassLoader.java:374)
at hoppity.main(HelloWorld.scala)
Sample directory structure:
X:\scala\bin
X:\scala\build.bat
X:\scala\MANIFEST.MF
X:\scala\src
X:\scala\src\foo
X:\scala\src\foo\HelloWorld.scala
HelloWorld.scala:
//file: foo/HelloWorld.scala
package foo {
object HelloWorld {
def main(args: Array[String]) {
println("Hello, world!")
}
}
}
MANIFEST.MF:
Main-Class: foo.HelloWorld
Class-Path: scala-library.jar
build.bat:
#ECHO OFF
IF EXIST hellow.jar DEL hellow.jar
IF NOT EXIST scala-library.jar COPY %SCALA_HOME%\lib\scala-library.jar .
CALL scalac -sourcepath src -d bin src\foo\HelloWorld.scala
CD bin
jar -cfm ..\hellow.jar ..\MANIFEST.MF *.*
CD ..
java -jar hellow.jar
In order to successfully use the -jar switch, you need two entries in the META-INF/MANIFEST.MF file: the main class; relative URLs to any dependencies. The documentation notes:
-jar
Execute a program encapsulated in a
JAR file. The first argument is the
name of a JAR file instead of a
startup class name. In order for this
option to work, the manifest of the
JAR file must contain a line of the
form Main-Class: classname. Here,
classname identifies the class having
the public static void main(String[]
args) method that serves as your
application's starting point. See the
Jar tool reference page and the Jar
trail of the Java Tutorial for
information about working with Jar
files and Jar-file manifests.
When you use this option, the JAR file
is the source of all user classes,
and other user class path settings are ignored.
java command line usage
manifest spec
(Notes: JAR files can be inspected with most ZIP applications; I probably neglect handling spaces in directory names in the batch script; Scala code runner version 2.7.4.final .)
For completeness, an equivalent bash script:
#!/bin/bash
if [ ! $SCALA_HOME ]
then
echo ERROR: set a SCALA_HOME environment variable
exit
fi
if [ ! -f scala-library.jar ]
then
cp $SCALA_HOME/lib/scala-library.jar .
fi
scalac -sourcepath src -d bin src/foo/HelloWorld.scala
cd bin
jar -cfm ../hellow.jar ../MANIFEST.MF *
cd ..
java -jar hellow.jar
Because Scala scripts require the Scala libraries to be installed, you will have to include the Scala runtime along with your JAR.
There are many strategies for doing this, such as jar jar, but ultimately the issue you're seeing is that the Java process you've started can't find the Scala JARs.
For a simple stand-alone script, I'd recommend using jar jar, otherwise you should start looking at a dependency management tool, or require users to install Scala in the JDK.
I ended up using sbt assembly, it is really simple to use. I added a file called assembly.sbt into the project/ directory at the root of the project with a one liner (Note your version might need to be changed).
addSbtPlugin("com.eed3si9n" % "sbt-assembly" % "0.11.2")
Then just run the assembly task in sbt:
> assembly
Or just 'sbt assembly' in project root directory
$ sbt assembly
It will first run your tests and then it will generate the new jar into the target/ directory (given that my build.sbt already lists all my dependencies).
In my case, I just make that .jar file executable, rename to remove the extension and it is ready to ship!
Also, if you are doing a command line tool, don't forget to add a man page (I hate scripts without proper manpages or with multi-page plain text documentation that is not even piped into a pager for you).
You can also use maven and the maven-scala-plugin. Once you set up maven, you can just do mvn package and it will create your jar for you.
I tried to reproduce MyDowell's method. Finally I could make it work. However I find that the answer though correct a bit too complicated for a novice ( in particular the directory structure is unnecessarily complicated ).
I can reproduce this result with very simplistic means. To start with there is only one directory which contains three files:
helloworld.scala
MANIFEST.MF
scala-library.jar
helloworld.scala
object HelloWorld
{
def main(args: Array[String])
{
println("Hello, world!")
}
}
MANIFEST.MF:
Main-Class: HelloWorld
Class-Path: scala-library.jar
first compile helloworld.scala:
scalac helloworld.scala
then create the jar:
\progra~1\java\jdk18~1.0_4\bin\jar -cfm helloworld.jar MANIFEST.MF .
now you can run it with:
java -jar helloworld.jar
I found this simple solution because the original one did not work. Later I found out that not because it is wrong, but because of a trivial error: if I don't close the second line in MANIFEST.MF with a newline, then this line will be ignored. This took me an hour to find out and I tried all other things before, in the process finding this very simple solution.
I don't want to write why's and how's rather just show the solution which worked in my case (via Linux Ubuntu command line):
1)
mkdir scala-jar-example
cd scala-jar-example
2)
nano Hello.scala
object Hello extends App { println("Hello, world") }
3)
nano build.sbt
import AssemblyKeys._
assemblySettings
name := "MyProject"
version := "1.0"
scalaVersion := "2.11.0"
3)
mkdir project
cd project
nano plugins.sbt
addSbtPlugin("com.eed3si9n" % "sbt-assembly" % "0.9.1")
4)
cd ../
sbt assembly
5)
java -jar target/target/scala-2.11/MyProject-assembly-1.0.jar
>> Hello, world
I modified the bash script adding some intelligence including auto-manifest generation.
This script assumes that the main object is named the same as the file it is in (case sensitive). Also, either the current directory name must equal to the main object name or the main object name should be provided as a command line parameter. Launch this script from the root directory of your project. Modify the variables at the top as required.
Be aware that the script will generate the bin and dist folders and will ERASE any existing contents in bin.
#!/bin/bash
SC_DIST_PATH=dist
SC_SRC_PATH=src
SC_BIN_PATH=bin
SC_INCLUDE_LIB_JAR=scala-library.jar
SC_MANIFEST_PATH=MANIFEST.MF
SC_STARTING_PATH=$(pwd)
if [[ ! $SCALA_HOME ]] ; then
echo "ERROR: set a SCALA_HOME environment variable"
exit 1
fi
if [[ ! -f $SCALA_HOME/lib/$SC_INCLUDE_LIB_JAR ]] ; then
echo "ERROR: Cannot find Scala Libraries!"
exit 1
fi
if [[ -z "$1" ]] ; then
SC_APP=$(basename $SC_STARTING_PATH)
else
SC_APP=$1
fi
[[ ! -d $SC_DIST_PATH ]] && mkdir $SC_DIST_PATH
if [[ ! -d $SC_BIN_PATH ]] ; then
mkdir "$SC_BIN_PATH"
else
rm -r "$SC_BIN_PATH"
if [[ -d $SC_BIN_PATH ]] ; then
echo "ERROR: Cannot remove temp compile directory: $SC_BIN_PATH"
exit 1
fi
mkdir "$SC_BIN_PATH"
fi
if [[ ! -d $SC_SRC_PATH ]] || [[ ! -d $SC_DIST_PATH ]] || [[ ! -d $SC_BIN_PATH ]] ; then
echo "ERROR: Directory not found!: $SC_SRC_PATH or $SC_DIST_PATH or $SC_BIN_PATH"
exit 1
fi
if [[ ! -f $SC_DIST_PATH/$SC_INCLUDE_LIB_JAR ]] ; then
cp "$SCALA_HOME/lib/$SC_INCLUDE_LIB_JAR" "$SC_DIST_PATH"
fi
SCALA_MAIN=$(find ./$SC_SRC_PATH -name "$SC_APP.scala")
COMPILE_STATUS=$?
SCALA_MAIN_COUNT=$(echo "$SCALA_MAIN" | wc -l)
if [[ $SCALA_MAIN_COUNT != "1" ]] || [[ ! $COMPILE_STATUS == 0 ]] ; then
echo "Main source file not found or too many exist!: $SC_APP.scala"
exit 1
fi
if [[ -f $SC_DIST_PATH/$SC_APP.jar ]] ; then
rm "$SC_DIST_PATH/$SC_APP.jar"
if [[ -f $SC_DIST_PATH/$SC_APP.jar ]] ; then
echo "Unable to remove existing distribution!: $SC_DIST_PATH/$SC_APP.jar"
exit 1
fi
fi
if [[ ! -f $SC_MANIFEST_PATH ]] ; then
LEN_BASE=$(echo $(( $(echo "./$SC_SRC_PATH" |wc -c) - 0 )))
SC_MAIN_CLASS=$(echo $SCALA_MAIN |cut --complement -c1-$LEN_BASE)
SC_MAIN_CLASS=${SC_MAIN_CLASS%%.*}
SC_MAIN_CLASS=$(echo $SC_MAIN_CLASS |awk '{gsub( "/", "'"."'"); print}')
echo $(echo "Main-Class: "$SC_MAIN_CLASS) > $SC_MANIFEST_PATH
echo $(echo "Class-Path: "$SC_INCLUDE_LIB_JAR) >> $SC_MANIFEST_PATH
fi
scalac -sourcepath $SC_SRC_PATH -d $SC_BIN_PATH $SCALA_MAIN
COMPILE_STATUS=$?
if [[ $COMPILE_STATUS != "0" ]] ; then
echo "Compile Failed!"
exit 1
fi
cd "$SC_BIN_PATH"
jar -cfm ../$SC_DIST_PATH/$SC_APP.jar ../$SC_MANIFEST_PATH *
COMPILE_STATUS=$?
cd "$SC_STARTING_PATH"
if [[ $COMPILE_STATUS != "0" ]] || [[ ! -f $SC_DIST_PATH/$SC_APP.jar ]] ; then
echo "JAR Build Failed!"
exit 1
fi
echo " "
echo "BUILD COMPLETE!... TO LAUNCH: java -jar $SC_DIST_PATH/$SC_APP.jar"
echo " "
One thing which may cause a similar problem (although it's not the problem in the initial question above) is that the Java vm seems to demand that the main method returns void. In Scala we can write something like (observe the =-sign in the definition of main):
object MainProgram {
def main(args: Array[String]) = {
new GUI(args)
}
}
where main actually returns a GUI-object (i.e. it's not void), but the program will run nicely when we start it using the scala command.
If we package this code into a jar-file, with MainProgram as the Main-Class, the Java vm will complain that there's no main function, since the return type of our main is not void (I find this complaint somewhat strange, since the return type is not part of the signature).
We would have no problems if we left out the =-sign in the header of main, or if we explicitly declared it as Unit.
If you do not wish to use sbt facilities I recommend the use of a makefile.
Here is an example where foo package is replaced by foo.bar.myApp for completeness.
makefile
NAME=HelloWorld
JARNAME=helloworld
PACKAGE=foo.bar.myApp
PATHPACK=$(subst .,/,$(PACKAGE))
.DUMMY: default
default: $(NAME)
.DUMMY: help
help:
#echo "make [$(NAME)]"
#echo "make [jar|runJar]"
#echo "make [clean|distClean|cleanAllJars|cleanScalaJar|cleanAppJar]"
.PRECIOUS: bin/$(PATHPACK)/%.class
bin/$(PATHPACK)/%.class: src/$(PATHPACK)/%.scala
scalac -sourcepath src -d bin $<
scala-library.jar:
cp $(SCALA_HOME)/lib/scala-library.jar .
.DUMMY: runjar
runJar: jar
java -jar $(JARNAME).jar
.DUMMY: jar
jar: $(JARNAME).jar
MANIFEST.MF:
#echo "Main-Class: $(PACKAGE).$(NAME)" > $#
#echo "Class-Path: scala-library.jar" >> $#
$(JARNAME).jar: scala-library.jar bin/$(PATHPACK)/$(NAME).class \
MANIFEST.MF
(cd bin && jar -cfm ../$(JARNAME).jar ../MANIFEST.MF *)
%: bin/$(PATHPACK)/%.class
scala -cp bin $(PACKAGE).$#
.DUMMY: clean
clean:
rm -R -f bin/* MANIFEST.MF
cleanAppJar:
rm -f $(JARNAME).jar
cleanScalaJar:
rm -f scala-library.jar
cleanAllJars: cleanAppJar cleanScalaJar
distClean cleanDist: clean cleanAllJars