How to get the value from each index? - java

I'm extremely new to Java and we're tasked to take random values of an array and pass them through a method where it adds all of them for a running total.
For the sumMethod I'd like to take each value from all the index (given by sizeOfArray) and add them together.
Thank you!
public static void sumMethod(double[] arrayOfDoubles){
//How to get the value from each indexes (given by sizeOfArray) and add them for the sum
int arrayLength = arrayOfDoubles.length;
System.out.println(arrayOfDoubles);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
//1-3: Set up Scanner object to collect user's input on the size of array.
Scanner keyboard = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("How many double numerical entries do you have?");
//4: Declare an array of size sizeOfArray
int sizeOfArray = keyboard.nextInt();
//Initialize array
double[] arrayOfDoubles;
arrayOfDoubles = new double[sizeOfArray];
for(int i = 0; i < sizeOfArray; i++){
//5: Use the Random number Class and walk over the array
Random randomNum = new Random();
arrayOfDoubles[i] = randomNum.nextDouble(0.0 , 100.0);
//6: Invoke SumMethod
sumMethod(arrayOfDoubles);
}
}
}

public static void sumMethod(double[] arrayOfDoubles) {
double sum = 0;
for (int j = 0; j < arrayOfDoubles.length; j++) {
sum += arrayOfDoubles[j];
}
}
This will work too, if you are not familiar with the for-each loop yet.
Additionally, it is better to use arrayOfDoubles.length in the loop, in case you edit the code later, and change the size, or add or remove an element.

For sumMethod, I'd say the first thing you could do is give it a return value rather than void, (public static double sumMethod). That way when you run that method in main you can hold onto the result it prints out.
I may be wrong but my understanding is that your goal is to take an array and sum up the values within. For that purpose, the following would be a way to do it.
public static double sumMethod(double[] arrayOfDoubles) {
double total = 0;
for (double num : arrayOfDoubles) {
total += num;
}
return total;
}

Related

Array is being changed when in for statement

I think that it supposed to be posted with entire codes in this time.
When I'm trying to get values from Scanner into array named "score",
the second for statement shows unexpected outcomes.
import java.util.Scanner;
public class B1546 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
int N = input.nextInt();
int[] score = new int[N];
Max scoreMax = new Max();
double sum = 0;
for (int i=0; i<N; i++) {
score[i] = input.nextInt();
}
for (int i=0; i<N; i++) {
System.out.println(score[i]); // this show the problems
sum = sum + ((double) score[i] / scoreMax.max(score) * 100);
}
System.out.println(sum / N);
}
}
class Max {
int max (int[] score) {
int[] tmpArray;
tmpArray = score;
for( int i=0; i<score.length-1; i++) {
for( int j=i+1; j<score.length; j++) {
if (tmpArray[i]<tmpArray[j]) {
int tmp = tmpArray[i];
tmpArray[i] = tmpArray[j];
tmpArray[j] = tmp;
}
}
}
return tmpArray[0];
}
}
For example, when I type
3
10 20 30
then It comes
10
20
10
...
not
10
20
30
...
I don't know what is the problem.
Your Max.max method changes the array - the 3 lines starting with int tmp =.
Likely the source of your problems is not understanding reference types. tmpArray = score does not make a separate copy of the array score -- you just have two references to the same array. This concept is fundamental to Java programming.
int max (int[] score) {
int[] tmpArray;
tmpArray = score;
}
score is a reference to the array object. Here you create a new reference to the existed array. To fix it, jut make a new array object:
int max(int[] score) {
int[] tmpArray = Arrays.copyOf(score, score.length);
}
int[] are objects and therefore are passed-by-reference in Java. When you do the following in your Max#max(int[]) method:
int[] tmpArray;
tmpArray = score;
Both tmpArray and score will hold the same reference, so when you swap values in the tmpArray, the score-array will be modified as well.
You'll have to create a new integer-array instead for the tmpArray, and copy the values. The simplest would be one of the following two:
int[] tmpArray = score.clone();
// or:
int[] tmpArray = Arrays.copyOf(score, score.length);
I would suggest the second, the .clone() is normally used for other purposes.
Try it online.

Java with a for loop with in for loop

I am not sure why this isn't working to the questionhave to use a one dimensional integer array to count the number of times each possible sum appears in 36000 rolls.
However my problem is I that keep getting all 0.0 instead of something like 1200000 or 700000.
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Random;
public class StockSim {
public static void main(String args[]) {
double data[] = new double[10];
System.out.println(percentGen());
double percent;
for (int i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
percent = percentGen();
data[i] = data[i] + (data[i] * percent);
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
System.out.println(data[i]);
}
}
public static double percentGen() {
Random rand = new Random();
return randomNum;
}
}
It is a simple fix, you just forgot to get the actual percentage by dividing the random percentage by one hundred. Substitute your return randomNum by return randomNum/100.
Besides that, I tested your code and it should be working just fine.
I hope that helps!
You also need to move the instantiation of the Random class outside the loop or provide a random seed otherwise the results are not random. For example you could instantiate the Random class and pass it as an argument to percentGen
Random rand= new Random()
System.out.println(percentGen(rand));

ArrayList giving problems in java. positive integers solution to x+y+z+w = 13

So i am creating a method that basically gives all possible positive integer solutions to the problem x+y+z+w = 13. Really I have designed a program that can get all possible positive integer solutions to any number using any number of variables. I have managed to obtain the solution using this method:
public class Choose {
public static ArrayList<int[]> values;
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
int[] loops = new int[3];
int q = 0;
values = new ArrayList<int[]>();
int[] array = new int[4];
System.out.println(choose(12,3));
NestedLoops(3,10,0,loops,13,array, 0);
for(int i = 0; i < values.size(); i++){
printArray(values.get(i));
}
}
public static void NestedLoops(int n, int k, int j,
int[] loops, int q, int[] array, int g){
if(j==n){
for(int i = 0; i< n; i++){
q-=loops[i];
}
if(q>0){
for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
array[i] = loops[i];
}
array[n] = q;
values.add(array);
}
return;
}
for(int count = 1; count <= k; count++){
loops[j] = count;
NestedLoops(n,k,j+1,loops, 13, array, g);
}
}
}
My problem is that when i go to print the ArrayList, all i get is the last value repeated again and again. When i try to just print out the values instead of storing them in the ArrayList it works totally fine. This makes me think that the problem is with the values.add(array); line but i don't know how to fix it or what i am doing wrong. Thanks for any help offered.
Try using:
values.add(array.clone());
Every add of the same array just points to that array object. As you keep changing the same object, the final state is what is being shown for all stored elements. The print works as it just dumps the state of the array at that particular instant.

Random Numbers Test (Histogram)

I'm brand new to Java coding i'm trying to create a histogram with the following methods that were given to me. The comments are the instruction to each of our method that we will later use to create a main method and print a histogram. I have got up to method 3 and was able to compile everything fine but i'm not sure if i'm doing them right, I just know that they are compiling correctly up to method 4. I just don't know what to do for method 5.
/*
Method 1:
Find the maximun value in an array
*/
public static int max(int[]arr){
int maxValue = arr[0];
for ( int i=1; i < arr.length; i++ ){
if (arr[i] > maxValue){
maxValue = arr[i];
}
}
return maxValue;
}
/*
Method 2:
Compute a random integer in the range [a..b)
*/
public static int randomInteger(int a, int b){;
int randomNum;
randomNum = a+(int)(Math.random() * ((b-a)+1));
return randomNum;
}
/*
Method 3:
Draw a Simple histogram of the array arr.
*/
public static void drawHistogram(int[] arr){
for ( int i=0; i<arr.length; i++ ){
System.out.print((i*10+1)+"-"+(i*10+10)+":"+"\t");
for (int j=0; j<arr[i]; j++)
System.out.print("*");
System.out.println();
}
}
/*
Method 4:
Compute num random integers in the range [0..range) and put the frequency in arr[]
*/
public static void doSingleTest(int[] arr, int num, int range){
for (int i=1; i<=num; i++){
int random = randomInteger(0,range);
arr[random]++;
}
}
/*
Method 5:
Compute num pairs of random integers in the range [0..range) and put the frequency in arr[]
*/
public static void doPairsTesting(int[] arr, int num, int range){
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
int test[] = new int[]{1,2,3,4,6,11,7};
System.out.println("method1 = "+ max(test));
System.out.println("method2 = "+randomInteger(1,20));
drawHistogram(test);
doSingleTest(test,1,5);
System.out.println("method4 = "+Arrays.toString(test));
}
It's fault design int random = int randomInteger(range); I think you need to read docs abot java basics.
I fixed method4 in next way:
public static void doSingleTest(int[] arr, int num, int range){
for (int i=1; i<=num; i++){
int random = randomInteger(0,range);
arr[random]++;
}
}
For testing your methods, use next main method, it prints results to console or you can use Debugger in your IDE:
public static void main(String[] args) {
int test[] = new int[]{1,2,3,4,6,11,7};
System.out.println("mathod1 = "+ max(test));
System.out.println("mathod2 = "+randomInteger(1,20));
drawHistogram(test);
doSingleTest(test,1,5);
System.out.println("mathod4 = "+Arrays.toString(test));
}
And at last your method 5 must to return value of needed type or be void:
public static void doPairsTest(int[] arr, int num, int range){
}
For computing random integers, you might want to consider using the Random class. Here is some documentation: http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/Random.html
You can do this by declaring a Random object inside your class like this:
static Random randomGenerator = new Random();
And then within each of your methods, you can use randomGenerator.nextInt(n), where n will be the end of the range you want random numbers to be included. (exclusive of n, starting with 0).
For method 4, you probably want to set the return type to be an array. And then you can either leverage this randomGenerator, or given your current code, you'd have to pass in two parameters to your randomInteger method.
For method 5, you can simply use your doSingleTest method and then divide the entries of your array by 2 before returning the array. This works because if you find two 3s, your doSingleTest would have a frequency of 2 at the appropriate position. And dividing this by 2 would give you the number of pairs. Also you don't have to worry about odd numbers because the int type in Java simply drops remainders.
I also just noticed that you did not set a return type for method 5, so go ahead and set that to be int[]
And use a public static void main(String[] args) method to test your methods.
For method 5, are you referring to the dopairtest? In case so here is how I solved that:
static void doPairsTest(int[] arr3, int num2, int range3){
for (int i = 0 ; i < num2 ; i++) {
int rand2 = randomInteger(0, range3);
int rand3 = randomInteger(0, range3);
int randomPair = (rand2 * 10) + rand3 ;
System.out.println(randomPair);
arr3[randomPair] ++ ;
}
}
As you can see I just declared and assigned randomly generated values from my previous method into rand2 and rand 3 and then I added the two of them so they add up to a double digit.
Did you find out how to do the histogram? I am very confused on how to plot it based on the numbers and frequencies we generated.
public static void drawHistogram(int[] arr){
int n=0;
for (int i=1;i<=99;i++)
if (arr[i]>n)
n=arr[i];
for (;n>0;n--)
{
String r=" ";
for (int i=0;i<=99;i++)
if (n<=arr[i])
{
System.out.print(r+"*");
r=" ";
}
else
r+=" ";
System.out.println();
}
}

Count how many times an element occurs in an array - Java

I recently made a very simple practice program in Python, that takes user input and rolls dice. The code is:
import random
import sys
import math
def roll(rolls, sides, results):
for rolls in range(1, rolls + 1):
result = random.randrange(1, sides + 1)
print result
results.append(result)
def countf(rolls, sides, results):
i = 1
print "There were", rolls, "rolls."
for sides in range(1, sides + 1):
if results.count(i) != 1:
print "There were", results.count(i), i,"s."
else:
print "There was", results.count(i), i
i = i + 1
if i == sides:
break
rolls = input("How many rolls? ")
sides = input("How many sides of the die? ")
results = []
roll(rolls, sides, results)
countf(rolls, sides, results)
(actually this is part of a larger program, so I had to cut'n'paste bits, and I might have missed something out).
And so I decided to translate that to Java. Notice the algorithm here: get random number, print it, append it to an array, then count the amount of each number in the array at the end, and print out that value. Problem is, I don't know how to do the equivalent of someArray.count(someIndex) in Java syntax. So my Java program looks like this so far:
import java.util.*;
public class Dice {
static Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
public static void main(String[] args) {
final static int TIMES_TO_ROLL = getInt("Times to roll?");
Random flip = new Random();
int[] results = new int[TIMES_TO_ROLL];
for (int i = 0; i < TIMES_TO_ROLL; i++) {
int result = flip.nextInt(6);
System.out.println(result);
results[i] = result;
}
}
public static int getInt(String prompt) {
System.out.print(prompt + " ");
int integer = input.nextInt();
input.nextLine();
return integer;
}
}
So can someone help me with the array counting code? I understand that this might not be a defined method, since Python is higher level after all, so I could make my own array counting method, but I was wondering if Java, like Python, has a predefined one.
EDIT: I managed something like this:
public static int arrayCount(int[] array, int item) {
int amt = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
if (array[i] == item) {
amt++;
}
else {
amt = amt;
}
}
return amt;
}
EDIT: Just out of interest, assuming I use Command prompt to run my Java program and Python.exe (command prompt console for Python), which one will be faster (in other words, for the same code, which language has better performance?)?
You could use a HashMap to store the result.
If the new number is not in your map you add it with "1" as initial value.
If it exists your put "+1" to the current map value.
To display the values you just have to iterate on you entries in a for each loop.
The solution is to transform your array to a List and then use the Collections.frequency method:
List<Integer> resultList = Arrays.asList(results);
int freq = Collections.frequency(resultList, 4);
Also you could use ArrayList from the very beginning saving you the transformation:
List<Integer> result = new ArrayList<Integer>();
// add results
int freq = Collections.frequency(result, 4);
See the Collections documentation here
EDIT: If performance is an issue (as suggested in the comments) then maybe you want to use each index of the array as a counter, as follows:
Random flip = new Random(SIDES);
int[] counters = new int[SIDES];
for (int i = 0; i < TIMES_TO_ROLL; i++) {
int result = flip.nextInt;
counters[result] = counters[result]+1;
}
Notice that you no longer need to count at the end since you've already got all the counters in the array and there is no overhead of calculating the hash.
There are a couple libraries that will do this for you:
Google Guava's MultiSet
Apache Common's Bag
But for something so simple, you may consider an extra library a bit excessive.
You can also do this yourself with an int[]. Assuming your dice is using whole numbers, have the number rolled refer to the index into the array, and then increment the value at that index. When you need to retrieve the value for a given number, look up its value by the index.
private static final int NUMBER_DICE_SIDES = 6;
public static void main(String[] args) {
final static int TIMES_TO_ROLL = getInt("Times to roll?");
Random flip = new Random(NUMBER_DICE_SIDES);
int[] results = new int[NUMBER_DICE_SIDES];
for (int i = 0; i < TIMES_TO_ROLL; i++) {
int result = flip.nextInt;
System.out.println(result);
results[result]++;
}
for(int i = 0; i < NUMBER_DICE_SIDES; ++i) {
System.out.println((i+1)+"'s: " + arraysCount(results, i));
}
}
public static int arrayCount(int[] array, int item) {
return array[item];
}
There's a frequency method in collections
int occurrences = Collections.frequency(listObject, searchItem);
Java doc for collections
As far as I am aware, there is no defined method to return the frequency of a particular element in an array. If you were to write a custom method, it would simply be a matter of iterating through the array, checking each value, and if the value matches the element you're after, incrementing a counter.
So something like:
// in this example, we assume myArray is an array of ints
private int count( int[] myArray, int targetValue) {
int counter = 0;
for (int i = 0 ; i < myArray.length; i++ ) {
if (myArray[i] == targetValue) {
counter++;
}
}
return counter;
}
Of course, if you want to find the frequency of all the unique values in your array, this has the potential of being extremely inefficient.
Also, why are you using a 7-sided die? The Random nextInt() will return a number from 0 up to but not including the max. So your die will return values from 0 through 6. For a six-sided die, you'd want a new Random(6); and then increment your roll by one to get a value from one through six: flip.nextInt() +1;.
class FindOccurrence {
public static void main (String[]args) {
int myArray[] = {5, 8, 5, 12, 19, 5, 6, 7, 100, 5, 45, 6, 5, 5, 5};
int numToFind = 5;
int numberOfOccurrence = 0;
for (int i=0; i < myArray.length; i++) {
if (numToFind == myArray[i]) {
numberOfOccurrence++;
}
}
System.out.println("Our number: " + numToFind);
System.out.println("Number of times it appears: " + numberOfOccurrence);
}
}

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