We have a URL object in one of our Java classes that we want to mock, but it's a final class so we cannot. We do not want to go a level above, and mock the InputStream because that will still leave us with untested code (we have draconian test coverage standards).
I've tried jMockIt's reflective powers but we work on Macs and there are problems with the Java agent handler that I haven't been able to resolve.
So are there any solutions that do not involve using real URLs in the junit test?
Like Rob said, if what you want is to mock the connection returned from the URL, you can extend URLStreamHandler. For instance, with mockito:
final URLConnection mockUrlCon = mock(URLConnection.class);
ByteArrayInputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(
"<myList></myList>".getBytes("UTF-8"));
doReturn(is).when(mockUrlCon).getInputStream();
//make getLastModified() return first 10, then 11
when(mockUrlCon.getLastModified()).thenReturn((Long)10L, (Long)11L);
URLStreamHandler stubUrlHandler = new URLStreamHandler() {
#Override
protected URLConnection openConnection(URL u) throws IOException {
return mockUrlCon;
}
};
URL url = new URL("foo", "bar", 99, "/foobar", stubUrlHandler);
doReturn(url).when(mockClassloader).getResource("pseudo-xml-path");
When I have a class that can't be easily mocked because it is final (or sealed in C#), my usual route is to write a wrapper around the class and use the wrapper wherever I would use the actual class. Then I would mock out the wrapper class as necessary.
I went with the following:
public static URL getMockUrl(final String filename) throws IOException {
final File file = new File("testdata/" + filename);
assertTrue("Mock HTML File " + filename + " not found", file.exists());
final URLConnection mockConnection = Mockito.mock(URLConnection.class);
given(mockConnection.getInputStream()).willReturn(
new FileInputStream(file));
final URLStreamHandler handler = new URLStreamHandler() {
#Override
protected URLConnection openConnection(final URL arg0)
throws IOException {
return mockConnection;
}
};
final URL url = new URL("http://foo.bar", "foo.bar", 80, "", handler);
return url;
}
This gives me a real URL object that contains my mock data.
If you don't want to create a wrapper :
Register a URLStreamHandlerFactory
Make the method you want public
Mock the chain
abstract public class AbstractPublicStreamHandler extends URLStreamHandler {
#Override
public URLConnection openConnection(URL url) throws IOException {
return null;
}
}
public class UrlTest {
private URLStreamHandlerFactory urlStreamHandlerFactory;
#Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
urlStreamHandlerFactory = Mockito.mock(URLStreamHandlerFactory.class);
URL.setURLStreamHandlerFactory(urlStreamHandlerFactory);
}
#Test
public void should_return_mocked_url() throws Exception {
// GIVEN
AbstractPublicStreamHandler publicStreamHandler = Mockito.mock(AbstractPublicStreamHandler.class);
Mockito.doReturn(publicStreamHandler).when(urlStreamHandlerFactory).createURLStreamHandler(Matchers.eq("http"));
URLConnection mockedConnection = Mockito.mock(URLConnection.class);
Mockito.doReturn(mockedConnection).when(publicStreamHandler).openConnection(Matchers.any(URL.class));
Mockito.doReturn(new ByteArrayInputStream("hello".getBytes("UTF-8"))).when(mockedConnection).getInputStream();
// WHEN
URLConnection connection = new URL("http://localhost/").openConnection();
// THEN
Assertions.assertThat(new MockUtil().isMock(connection)).isTrue();
Assertions.assertThat(IOUtils.toString(connection.getInputStream(), "UTF-8")).isEqualTo("hello");
}
}
PS : I don't know how to cancel the numbered list auto-spacing after last line
I think you can use Powermock to do this. I was able to mock URL class using PowerMock lately. Hope this helps.
/* Actual class */
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
public class TestClass {
public URL getUrl()
throws MalformedURLException {
URL url = new URL("http://localhost/");
return url;
}
}
/* Test class */
import java.net.URL;
import junit.framework.Assert;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.mockito.Mockito;
import org.powermock.api.mockito.PowerMockito;
import org.powermock.core.classloader.annotations.PrepareForTest;
import org.powermock.modules.junit4.PowerMockRunner;
#RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
#PrepareForTest(value = { TestClass.class })
public class TestClassTest {
private TestClass testClass = new TestClass();
#Test
public void shouldReturnUrl()
throws Exception {
URL url = PowerMockito.mock(URL.class);
PowerMockito.whenNew(URL.class).withParameterTypes(String.class)
.withArguments(Mockito.anyString()).thenReturn(url);
URL url1 = testClass.getUrl();
Assert.assertNotNull(url1);
}
}
I have used a URLHandler that allows me to load a URL from the classpath. So the following
new URL("resource:///foo").openStream()
would open a file named foo from within the class path. To do this, I use a common utility library and register a handler. To use this handler, you just need to call:
com.healthmarketscience.common.util.resource.Handler.init();
and the resource URL is now available.
Create a URL-object pointing to the test class itself.
final URL url =
new URL("file://" + getClass().getProtectionDomain().getCodeSource().getLocation().getPath());
I would look again at why you want to mock a final data object. Since by definition you aren't subclassing the object in your actual code, and it's not going to be the object under test, you shouldn't need to white-box test this code; just pass in whatever (real) URL objects are appropriate, and check the output.
Mock objects are useful when it's difficult to create a real object appropriate, or the real object's method are either time-consuming or depend on some stateful external resource (like a database). Neither of these apply in this case so I can't see why you can't just construct a real URL object representing the appropriate resource location.
JMockit does indeed allow you to mock a final JRE class like java.net.URL.
It seems the Attach API in jdkDir/lib/tools.jar available in implementations of JDK 1.6 other than Sun's does not work as well. I guess this stuff is still too new/advanced, or simply didn't get the necessary attention from the other JDK vendors (Apple, IBM with the J9 JDK, Oracle with the JRockit JDK).
So, if you run into problems by having tools.jar in the classpath, try using the "-javaagent:jmockit.jar" JVM argument. It tells the JVM to directly load the java agent at startup, without using the Attach API. That should work in the Apple JDK 1.5/1.6.
Does the URL class implement an interface? If so then you could instantiate it using inversion of control or a configurable factory, rather than by direct construction, this would allow you to inject/construct a test instance at test runtime rather than the final instance you currently have.
You can mock the constructor this way:
new MockUp<URL>() {
#Mock
public void $init(Invocation invocation, String string) {
}
};
Using PowerMockito for my case was the easiest solution. PowerMockito allows mocking static, final classes.
Related
I am trying to invoke a dynamically created Junit test class using the code below
ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
URL classUrl = javaClass.getParent().toFile().toURI().toURL();
URLClassLoader classLoader = URLClassLoader.newInstance(new URL[] { classUrl });
Class<?> clazz = Class.forName(fileName, true, classLoader);
Object obj = clazz.newInstance();
context.getLogger().log("Test Class Loader==>"+obj.getClass().getClassLoader()+"\n");
JUnitCore junit = new JUnitCore();
context.getLogger().log("JUnitCore Class Loader==>"+junit.getClass().getClassLoader()+"\n");
junit.addListener(new TextListener(new PrintStream(outputStream)));
Result result = junit.run(clazz);
return outputStream.toString();
Dynamically created test file
public class SampleJavaFileTest {
String EXPECTED_OUTPUT_STRING="r3plac3";
#Test
public void testReplaceString() {
SampleJavaFile sample = new SampleJavaFile();
String outputString = sample.replaceString("replace","e","3");
Assert.assertEquals(EXPECTED_OUTPUT_STRING, outputString);
}
}
But I get the error as
There was 1 failure:
1) initializationError(JUnitTest)
org.junit.runners.model.InvalidTestClassError: Invalid test class 'JUnitTest':
1. No runnable methods
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.validate(ParentRunner.java:511)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.<init>(ParentRunner.java:101)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.<init>(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:84)
at org.junit.runners.JUnit4.<init>(JUnit4.java:23)
at org.junit.internal.builders.JUnit4Builder.runnerForClass(JUnit4Builder.java:10)
at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:70)
at org.junit.internal.builders.AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder
.runnerForClass(AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.java:37)
at org.junit.runner.Computer.getRunner(Computer.java:50)
at org.junit.runner.Computer$1.runnerForClass(Computer.java:31)
at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:70)
at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.runners(RunnerBuilder.java:125)
at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.runners(RunnerBuilder.java:111)
at org.junit.runners.Suite.<init>(Suite.java:81)
at org.junit.runner.Computer$2.<init>(Computer.java:33)
I tried printing the class loaders of the dynamically created class and the JUnitCore class the results are
Test Class Loader==>java.net.FactoryURLClassLoader#86be70a
JUnitCore Class Loader==>java.net.URLClassLoader#49c2faae
Upon going through various posts the answers provided are to use custom class loaders to resolve this issue. Can you assist on how to create a custom class loader to resolve this issue?
If not custom class loaders , how else can this be resolved?
Thanks!
This might be class loader related issue, try to create URLClassLoader by using constructor and pass class loader of other test class (or just junit class) as is parent class loader, to ensure that JUnit classes are always loaded by the same class loader. And double check that this is right annotation, with right package.
public URLClassLoader(URL[] urls, ClassLoader parent)
so
new URLClassLoader(urlOfToClass, SomeTestOrJUnitClass.class.getClassLoader())
https://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/net/URLClassLoader.html#URLClassLoader(java.net.URL[],%20java.lang.ClassLoader)
this exception is generated in this junit block of code
List<Method> methods = testClass.getAnnotatedMethods(Test.class);
if (methods.size() == 0) {
errors.add(new Exception("No runnable methods"));
}
So, I'd recommend to double check, that you definitely have annotation #Test for method, and it is really org.junit.Test and this annotation available in runtime.
You can check this by taking klass.getDeclaredMethod("testReplaceString") and printing all annotations from it.
If it doesn't help, then, you can debug Junit library, put breakpoint to exception (please note, this exceptions generated not in the same place, where throwed) and check conditions
BTW, what version of junit do you use?
EDITED:
I've checked your code, I've created a new project in IDEA, added junit 4.13-rc-1 to dependencies and created two files.
public class SampleJavaFileTest {
String EXPECTED_OUTPUT_STRING="r3plac3";
#Test
public void testReplaceString() {
Assert.assertEquals(EXPECTED_OUTPUT_STRING, "r3plac3");
}
}
and another class
public class ClassLoadDynamically {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
final File fileForClass = new File(SampleJavaFileTest.class.getProtectionDomain().getCodeSource().getLocation().getPath());
URLClassLoader classLoader = URLClassLoader.newInstance(new URL[] { fileForClass.toURI().toURL() });
Class<?> clazz = Class.forName("SampleJavaFileTest", true, classLoader);
Method testReplaceString = clazz.getDeclaredMethod("testReplaceString");
System.out.println("Get declared methods==>"+ testReplaceString);
System.out.println("Get annotation => "+ testReplaceString.getAnnotation(org.junit.Test.class));
JUnitCore junit = new JUnitCore();
Result result = junit.run(clazz);
System.out.println(result.wasSuccessful());
}
}
I've checked your code, it works in this way. Please check, how do you generate your code dynamically, looks like the the issue in wrong bytecode generation, double check, how do you set annotations to the method.
However, I'm not sure, about your environment configuration on lambda. Anyway, I'd recommend to make your code run locally
public class ConnectionPointTest {
#Test
public void testMockito() throws IOException {
DataInputStream dataInputStream = mock(DataInputStream.class);
when(dataInputStream.readUTF()).thenReturn("Test");
new JustTest(dataInputStream).doTest();
}
public class JustTest {
DataInputStream dataInputStream;
public JustTest(DataInputStream dataInputStream) {
this.dataInputStream = dataInputStream;
}
public void doTest() throws IOException {
String s = dataInputStream.readUTF();
System.out.println(s);
}
}
}
I implement JUnit testing + Mockito in the project. Then I try to mock my DataInpuStream, I have an exeption at this code :
when(dataInputStream.readUTF()).thenReturn("Test");
P.S. class JustTest is only for show you what I want to mock.
There is exeption:
java.lang.NullPointerException
at java.io.DataInputStream.readUnsignedShort(DataInputStream.java:337)
at java.io.DataInputStream.readUTF(DataInputStream.java:589)
at java.io.DataInputStream.readUTF(DataInputStream.java:564)
...
You are trying to mock a final method:
public final String readUTF() throws IOException {
return readUTF(this);
}
Mockito (v2.x) supports this but it requires additional configuration. More details in the docs:
Mocking of final classes and methods is an incubating, opt-in feature. It uses a combination of Java agent instrumentation and subclassing in order to enable mockability of these types. As this works differently to our current mechanism and this one has different limitations and as we want to gather experience and user feedback, this feature had to be explicitly activated to be available ; it can be done via the mockito extension mechanism by creating the file src/test/resources/mockito-extensions/org.mockito.plugins.MockMaker containing a single line:
mock-maker-inline
So, create a file named org.mockito.plugins.MockMaker with this content:
mock-maker-inline
Place this file in a folder named mockito-extensions on your test classpath (if you are using Maven just create this folder in src/test/resources)
Re run your test.
With this configuration in place I have successful run your test with:
JUnit 4.12
Mockito 2.7.19
The following code adds jar file to the build path, it works fine with Java 8. However, it throws exception with Java 9, the exception is related to the cast to URLClassLoader. Any ideas how this can be solved? an optimal solution will edit it to work with both Java 8 & 9.
private static int AddtoBuildPath(File f) {
try {
URI u = f.toURI();
URLClassLoader urlClassLoader = (URLClassLoader) ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader();
Class<URLClassLoader> urlClass = URLClassLoader.class;
Method method = urlClass.getDeclaredMethod("addURL", URL.class);
method.setAccessible(true);
method.invoke(urlClassLoader, u.toURL());
} catch (NoSuchMethodException | SecurityException | IllegalArgumentException | InvocationTargetException | MalformedURLException | IllegalAccessException ex) {
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
You've run into the fact that the system class loader is no longer a URLClassLoader. As indicated by ClassLoader::getSystemClassLoader's return type, this was an implementation detail, albeit one that a non-negligible amount of code relied upon.
Judging by the comments, you are looking for a way to dynamically load classes at run time. As Alan Bateman points out, this can not be done in Java 9 by appending to the class path.
You should instead consider creating a new class loader for that. This has the added advantage that you'll be able to get rid of the new classes as they are not loaded into the application class loader. If you're compiling against Java 9, you should read up on layers - they give you a clean abstraction for loading an entirely new module graph.
I have stumbled over this issue a while ago. As many, I had used a method similar to that in the question
private static int AddtoBuildPath(File f)
to dynamically add paths to the classpath at runtime. The code in the question is probably bad style in multiple aspects: 1) assuming that ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader() returns an URLClassLoader is an undocumented implementation detail and 2) using reflection to make addURL public is maybe another one.
Cleaner way to dynamically add classpaths
In case that you need to use the additional classpath URLs for class loading through „Class.forName“, a clean, elegant and compatible (Java 8 to 10) solution is the following:
1) Write your own class loader by extending URL classloader, having a public addURL method
public class MyClassloader extends URLClassLoader {
public MyClassloader(URL[] urls, ClassLoader parent) {
super(urls, parent);
}
public void addURL(URL url) {
super.addURL(url);
}
}
2) Declare a (singleton/app wide) object of your classloader
private final MyClassloader classLoader;
and instanciate it via
classLoader = new MyClassloader(new URL[0], this.getClass().getClassLoader());
Note: The system class loader is the parent. Classes loaded though classLoader know those who can be loaded through this.getClass().getClassLoader() but not the other way around.
3) Add additional classpaths whenever needed (dynamically):
File file = new File(path);
if(file.exists()) {
URL url = file.toURI().toURL();
classLoader.addURL(url);
}
4) Instanciate objects or your app though your singleton classloader via
cls = Class.forName(name, true, classLoader);
Note: Since class loaders try a delegation to the parent class loader prior loading a class (and the parent to its parent), you have to make sure that the class to load is not visible to the parent class loader to make sure that it is loaded through the given class loader. To make this clearer: if you have ClassPathB on your system class path and later add ClassPathB and some ClassPathA to your custom classLoader, then classes under ClassPathB will be loaded through the system classloader and classes under ClassPathA are not known to them. However, if you remove ClassPathB from you system class path, such classes will be loaded through your custom classLoader, and then classes under ClassPathA are known to those under ClassPathB.
5) You may consider passing your class loader to a thread via
setContextClassLoader(classLoader)
in case that thread uses getContextClassLoader.
If you're just looking to read the current classpath, for example because you want to spin up another JVM with the same classpath as the current one, you can do the following:
object ClassloaderHelper {
def getURLs(classloader: ClassLoader) = {
// jdk9+ need to use reflection
val clazz = classloader.getClass
val field = clazz.getDeclaredField("ucp")
field.setAccessible(true)
val value = field.get(classloader)
value.asInstanceOf[URLClassPath].getURLs
}
}
val classpath =
(
// jdk8
// ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader.asInstanceOf[URLClassLoader].getURLs ++
// getClass.getClassLoader.asInstanceOf[URLClassLoader].getURLs
// jdk9+
ClassloaderHelper.getURLs(ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader) ++
ClassloaderHelper.getURLs(getClass.getClassLoader)
)
By default the final fields in the $AppClassLoader class cannot be accesed via reflection, an extra flag needs to be passed to the JVM:
--add-opens java.base/jdk.internal.loader=ALL-UNNAMED
I was given a spring boot application that runs in Java 8. I had the task to upgrade it to Java 11 version.
Issue faced:
Caused by: java.lang.ClassCastException: jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader (in module: java.base) cannot be cast to java.net.URLClassLoader (in module: java.base)
Way around used:
Create a class:
import java.net.URL;
/**
* This class has been created to make the code compatible after migration to Java 11
* From the JDK 9 release notes: "The application class loader is no longer an instance of
* java.net.URLClassLoader (an implementation detail that was never specified in previous releases).
* Code that assumes that ClassLoader.getSytemClassLoader() returns a URLClassLoader object will
* need to be updated. Note that Java SE and the JDK do not provide an API for applications or
* libraries to dynamically augment the class path at run-time."
*/
public class ClassLoaderConfig {
private final MockClassLoader classLoader;
ClassLoaderConfig() {
this.classLoader = new MockClassLoader(new URL[0], this.getClass().getClassLoader());
}
public MockClassLoader getClassLoader() {
return this.classLoader;
}
}
Create Another class:
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLClassLoader;
public class MockClassLoader extends URLClassLoader {
public MockClassLoader(URL[] urls, ClassLoader parent) {
super(urls, parent);
}
public void addURL(URL url) {
super.addURL(url);
}
}
Now set it in the current thread from your main class (Right at the beginning of your application)
Thread.currentThread().setContextClassLoader(new ClassLoaderConfig().getClassLoader());
Hope this solution works for your!!!
Shadov pointed to a thread at the oracle community. There is the correct answer:
Class.forName("nameofclass", true, new URLClassLoader(urlarrayofextrajarsordirs));
The caveats mentioned there are also important:
Caveats:
java.util.ServiceLoader uses the thread's ClassLoader context Thread.currentThread().setContextClassLoader(specialloader);
java.sql.DriverManager does honors the calling class' ClassLoader, -not- the Thread's ClassLoader. Create Driver directly using Class.forName("drivername", true, new URLClassLoader(urlarrayofextrajarsordirs).newInstance();
javax.activation uses the thread's ClassLoader context (important for javax.mail).
Referring to Edi's Solution this worked for me:
public final class IndependentClassLoader extends URLClassLoader {
private static final ClassLoader INSTANCE = new IndependentClassLoader();
/**
* #return instance
*/
public static ClassLoader getInstance() {
return INSTANCE;
}
private IndependentClassLoader() {
super(getAppClassLoaderUrls(), null);
}
private static URL[] getAppClassLoaderUrls() {
return getURLs(IndependentClassLoader.class.getClassLoader());
}
private static URL[] getURLs(ClassLoader classLoader) {
Class<?> clazz = classLoader.getClass();
try {
Field field = null;
field = clazz.getDeclaredField("ucp");
field.setAccessible(true);
Object urlClassPath = field.get(classLoader);
Method method = urlClassPath.getClass().getDeclaredMethod("getURLs", new Class[] {});
method.setAccessible(true);
URL[] urls = (URL[]) method.invoke(urlClassPath, new Object[] {});
return urls;
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new NestableRuntimeException(e);
}
}
}
Running within Eclipse, you need to set VM Arguments to JUnit Launch/Debug Configuration.
Running with maven via command line you have two options:
Option 1
Add following lines to pom.xml :
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.16</version>
<configuration>
<argLine>--add-opens java.base/jdk.internal.loader=ALL-UNNAMED</argLine>
</configuration>
</plugin>
Option 2
run mvn test -DargLine="-Dsystem.test.property=--add-opens java.base/jdk.internal.loader=ALL-UNNAMED"
There's also this guys article that helped me.
I could not find the article but... here: https://github.com/CGJennings/jar-loader
Here's a part of guide inside there there's a jar at release you could read his guide & setup it up.
I just tried it myself download the jar file which include the class file
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.instrument.Instrumentation;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLClassLoader;
import java.util.jar.JarFile;
public final class classname{
public static void premain(String agentArgs, Instrumentation instrumentation) {
loadedViaPreMain = true;
agentmain(agentArgs,instrumentation);
}
public final static void addToClassPath(File jarfile)throws IOException{inst.appendToSystemClassLoaderSearch(new JarFile(jarfile));}
public final static void agentmain(String agentArgs, Instrumentation instrumentation) {
if (instrumentation == null){throw new NullPointerException("instrumentation");}
if (inst == null) {inst = instrumentation;}
}
private static Instrumentation inst;
private static boolean loadedViaPreMain = false;
}
I just try it out myself package these code as a package then start the application class with -javaagent:plugin......jar option then call this function.It doesn't change my classpath.I am probably missing some details here.
Hope you can make it work though.
i found this, and worked for me.
String pathSeparator = Syste .getProperty("path.separator");
String[] classPathEntries = System.getProperty("java.class.path") .split(pathSeparator);
from the web site https://blog.codefx.org/java/java-11-migration-guide/#Casting-To-URL-Class-Loader
I have been looking on Google for this error, and most of the answers I have found is to move junit dependence, to the top. Or use another mocking framework. I already moved the dependence and still fails, and the whole project uses mockito and powermock.
This is in resume, the code.
package co.pack.session;
import com.google.gson.JsonObject;
import org.junit.Test;
import co.pack.Session.Organization;
import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
public class TestOrganization {
#Test
public void testLoadJson() {
JsonObject json = new JsonObject();
json.addProperty("theme_color", "red");
Organization organization = new Organization();
organization.loadFromJson(json);
assertEquals("red", Organization.getThemeColor());
}
}
Implementation
public static void loadFromJson(JsonObject json) {
Organization.name = json.has("name") ? json.get("name").getAsString() : "";
Organization.image = json.has("image") ? json.get("image").getAsString() : "";
printActualOrganization();
}
private static void printActualOrganization() {
Log.i(TAG, "_name_ " + name);
Log.i(TAG, "_image_ " + image);
}
It fails on a Log line
Log.i(TAG, "_name_ " + name);
And got this
java.lang.RuntimeException: Stub!
at android.util.Log.i(Log.java:9)
at co.mobico.Session.Organization.loadJson(Organization.java:50)
at co.mobico.session.TestOrganization.testLoadJson(TestOrganization.java:28)
Log lines, never causes any error on my test, I don't know what is happening in this case.
You can try add the following options to your app build.gradle.
android {
testOptions {
unitTests.returnDefaultValues = true
}
}
This should prevent you from getting this RuntimeException, because in this case the Android-Methods will return default values. Be aware that this might raise other problems, e.g. when using TextUtils.equals(...).
Basically I agree with the strategy to mock every dependency of your unit under test, but you can use the return values as a kind of workaround.
The problem is that you call a method directly on a mock.
You usually don't do that.
Usually you create a normal instance of your class under test (cut) and mocks for the dependencies it communicates with:
#Test public void exampleWithMocks(){
// arrange
DataTransferObject dto = new DataTransferObject();
dto.setSomeProperty(SOME_PRIMITIVE_VALUE_OR_STRING);
SomeServiceTheCutDependsOn dependency = mock( SomeServiceTheCutDependsOn.class);
ClassUnderTest cut = new ClassUnderTest(dependency);
// act
Object result = cut.doSomethingWith(dto);
// assert
assertThat(result,notNullValue());
verify(dependency).expectedMethodCall(dto);
}
I have a java we application that is working with velocity. I get two variables in the first page via url that I extract using ureq.getParameter() method. One of the other classes that has a velocity container and I need to send one of the variables from the url to this velocity container. I tried creating an instance of the first class in the second class and using getVariable name method to do that but it did not work. Can someone tell me how I can do this?
Class 1:
package org.olat.dispatcher;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.olat.core.gui.UserRequest;
public class RemoteLoginformDispatcher implements Dispatcher {
private static final String PARAM_newUrl = "ret";
private static String newURL;
#Override
public void execute(
final HttpServletRequest request,
final HttpServletResponse response,
final String uriPrefix) {
UserRequest ureq = null;
try {
ureq = new UserRequest(uriPrefix, request, response);
newURL = ureq.getParameter(PARAM_newUrl);
} catch () {
}
}
public String getURL(){
return newURL;
}
}
Class 2:
public class BaseChiefController extends DefaultChiefController implements ContentableChiefController {
//Velocity container mainvc created here. It interacts with a html file. Removed the code that would not really matter
//mainvc.contextPut("newURL", "something");
//The below statement works. When I try with something, the something appears in the html file.
mainvc.contextPut("newURL", myLogin.getURL());
}
To create an instance of another class, simply create a "public CLASSNAME" method, and inside define all class variables with the "this" modfier. Then, call out the function you wish to use from that method, and when you want to use the class, just do "new CLASSNAME(args);"
Although, I am not really sure I am understanding your question.
Maybe this is your answer. You can use variables from one class to another class by making the variable static, then doing "CLASSNAME.VARIABLENAME = WHATEVER".
EDITED:
Okay, so as far as I can tell, you are using a method to return a static value from the class, which is much slower than just doing "newURL", RemoteLoginformDispatcher.newURL);.
Why not try this, as it is probably faster, and it should always work if newURL is defined. Otherwise, you have a different problem, and newURL is not being defined. If this is the case, try printing the caught Exception.