I am trying to connect to an IIS6 box running a godaddy 256bit SSL cert, and I am getting the error :
java.security.cert.CertPathValidatorException: Trust anchor for certification path not found.
Been trying to determine what could be causing that, but drawing blanks right now.
Here is how I am connecting :
HttpsURLConnection conn;
conn = (HttpsURLConnection) (new URL(mURL)).openConnection();
conn.setConnectTimeout(20000);
conn.setDoInput(true);
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.connect();
String tempString = toString(conn.getInputStream());
Contrary to the accepted answer you do not need a custom trust manager, you need to fix your server configuration!
I hit the same problem while connecting to an Apache server with an incorrectly installed dynadot/alphassl certificate. I'm connecting using HttpsUrlConnection (Java/Android), which was throwing -
javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException:
java.security.cert.CertPathValidatorException:
Trust anchor for certification path not found.
The actual problem is a server misconfiguration - test it with http://www.digicert.com/help/ or similar, and it will even tell you the solution:
"The certificate is not signed by a trusted authority (checking against Mozilla's root store). If you bought the certificate from a trusted authority, you probably just need to install one or more Intermediate certificates. Contact your certificate provider for assistance doing this for your server platform."
You can also check the certificate with openssl:
openssl s_client -debug -connect www.thedomaintocheck.com:443
You'll probably see:
Verify return code: 21 (unable to verify the first certificate)
and, earlier in the output:
depth=0 OU = Domain Control Validated, CN = www.thedomaintocheck.com
verify error:num=20:unable to get local issuer certificate
verify return:1
depth=0 OU = Domain Control Validated, CN = www.thedomaintocheck.com
verify error:num=27:certificate not trusted
verify return:1
depth=0 OU = Domain Control Validated, CN = www.thedomaintocheck.com
verify error:num=21:unable to verify the first certificate`
The certificate chain will only contain 1 element (your certificate):
Certificate chain
0 s:/OU=Domain Control Validated/CN=www.thedomaintocheck.com
i:/O=AlphaSSL/CN=AlphaSSL CA - G2
... but should reference the signing authorities in a chain back to one which is trusted by Android (Verisign, GlobalSign, etc):
Certificate chain
0 s:/OU=Domain Control Validated/CN=www.thedomaintocheck.com
i:/O=AlphaSSL/CN=AlphaSSL CA - G2
1 s:/O=AlphaSSL/CN=AlphaSSL CA - G2
i:/C=BE/O=GlobalSign nv-sa/OU=Root CA/CN=GlobalSign Root CA
2 s:/C=BE/O=GlobalSign nv-sa/OU=Root CA/CN=GlobalSign Root CA
i:/C=BE/O=GlobalSign nv-sa/OU=Root CA/CN=GlobalSign Root CA
Instructions (and the intermediate certificates) for configuring your server are usually provided by the authority that issued your certificate, for example: http://www.alphassl.com/support/install-root-certificate.html
After installing the intermediate certificates provided by my certificate issuer I now have no errors when connecting using HttpsUrlConnection.
The solution of #Chrispix is dangerous! Trusting all certificates allows anybody to do a man in the middle attack! Just send ANY certificate to the client and it will accept it!
Add your certificate(s) to a custom trust manager like described in this post: Trusting all certificates using HttpClient over HTTPS
Although it is a bit more complex to establish a secure connection with a custom certificate, it will bring you the wanted ssl encryption security without the danger of man in the middle attack!
If you use retrofit, you need to customize your OkHttpClient.
retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder()
.baseUrl(ApplicationData.FINAL_URL)
.client(getUnsafeOkHttpClient().build())
.addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create())
.build();
Full code are as below.
public class RestAdapter {
private static Retrofit retrofit = null;
private static ApiInterface apiInterface;
public static OkHttpClient.Builder getUnsafeOkHttpClient() {
try {
// Create a trust manager that does not validate certificate chains
final TrustManager[] trustAllCerts = new TrustManager[]{
new X509TrustManager() {
#Override
public void checkClientTrusted(java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
}
#Override
public void checkServerTrusted(java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
}
#Override
public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return new java.security.cert.X509Certificate[]{};
}
}
};
// Install the all-trusting trust manager
final SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");
sslContext.init(null, trustAllCerts, new java.security.SecureRandom());
// Create an ssl socket factory with our all-trusting manager
final SSLSocketFactory sslSocketFactory = sslContext.getSocketFactory();
OkHttpClient.Builder builder = new OkHttpClient.Builder();
builder.sslSocketFactory(sslSocketFactory, (X509TrustManager) trustAllCerts[0]);
builder.hostnameVerifier(new HostnameVerifier() {
#Override
public boolean verify(String hostname, SSLSession session) {
return true;
}
});
return builder;
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
public static ApiInterface getApiClient() {
if (apiInterface == null) {
try {
retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder()
.baseUrl(ApplicationData.FINAL_URL)
.client(getUnsafeOkHttpClient().build())
.addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create())
.build();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
apiInterface = retrofit.create(ApiInterface.class);
}
return apiInterface;
}
}
You can trust particular certificate at runtime.
Just download it from server, put in assets and load like this using ssl-utils-android:
OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
SSLContext sslContext = SslUtils.getSslContextForCertificateFile(context, "BPClass2RootCA-sha2.cer");
client.setSslSocketFactory(sslContext.getSocketFactory());
In the example above I used OkHttpClient but SSLContext can be used with any client in Java.
If you have any questions feel free to ask. I'm the author of this small library.
Update based on latest Android documentation (March 2017):
When you get this type of error:
javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: java.security.cert.CertPathValidatorException: Trust anchor for certification path not found.
at org.apache.harmony.xnet.provider.jsse.OpenSSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(OpenSSLSocketImpl.java:374)
at libcore.net.http.HttpConnection.setupSecureSocket(HttpConnection.java:209)
at libcore.net.http.HttpsURLConnectionImpl$HttpsEngine.makeSslConnection(HttpsURLConnectionImpl.java:478)
at libcore.net.http.HttpsURLConnectionImpl$HttpsEngine.connect(HttpsURLConnectionImpl.java:433)
at libcore.net.http.HttpEngine.sendSocketRequest(HttpEngine.java:290)
at libcore.net.http.HttpEngine.sendRequest(HttpEngine.java:240)
at libcore.net.http.HttpURLConnectionImpl.getResponse(HttpURLConnectionImpl.java:282)
at libcore.net.http.HttpURLConnectionImpl.getInputStream(HttpURLConnectionImpl.java:177)
at libcore.net.http.HttpsURLConnectionImpl.getInputStream(HttpsURLConnectionImpl.java:271)
the issue could be one of the following:
The CA that issued the server certificate was unknown
The server certificate wasn't signed by a CA, but was self signed
The server configuration is missing an intermediate CA
The solution is to teach HttpsURLConnection to trust a specific set of CAs. How? Please check https://developer.android.com/training/articles/security-ssl.html#CommonProblems
Others who are using AsyncHTTPClient from com.loopj.android:android-async-http library, please check Setup AsyncHttpClient to use HTTPS.
Replying to very old post. But maybe it will help some newbie and if non of the above works out.
Explanation: I know nobody wants explanation crap; rather the solution. But in one liner, you are trying to access a service from your local machine to a remote machine which does not trust your machine. You request need to gain the trust from remote server.
Solution: The following solution assumes that you have the following conditions met
Trying to access a remote api from your local machine.
You are building for Android app
Your remote server is under proxy filtration (you use proxy in your browser setting to access the remote api service, typically a staging or dev server)
You are testing on real device
Steps:
You need a .keystore extension file to signup your app. If you don't know how to create .keystore file; then follow along with the following section Create .keystore file or otherwise skip to next section Sign Apk File
Create .keystore file
Open Android Studio. Click top menu Build > Generate Signed APK. In the next window click the Create new... button. In the new window, please input in data in all fields. Remember the two Password field i recommend should have the same password; don't use different password; and also remember the save path at top most field Key store path:. After you input all the field click OK button.
Sign Apk File
Now you need to build a signed app with the .keystore file you just created. Follow these steps
Build > Clean Project, wait till it finish cleaning
Build > Generate Signed APK
Click Choose existing... button
Select the .keystore file we just created in the Create .keystore file section
Enter the same password you created while creating in Create .keystore file section. Use same password for Key store password and Key password fields. Also enter the alias
Click Next button
In the next screen; which might be different based on your settings in build.gradle files, you need to select Build Types and Flavors.
For the Build Types choose release from the dropdown
For Flavors however it will depends on your settings in build.gradle file. Choose staging from this field. I used the following settings in the build.gradle, you can use the same as mine, but make sure you change the applicationId to your package name
productFlavors {
staging {
applicationId "com.yourapplication.package"
manifestPlaceholders = [icon: "#drawable/ic_launcher"]
buildConfigField "boolean", "CATALYST_DEBUG", "true"
buildConfigField "boolean", "ALLOW_INVALID_CERTIFICATE", "true"
}
production {
buildConfigField "boolean", "CATALYST_DEBUG", "false"
buildConfigField "boolean", "ALLOW_INVALID_CERTIFICATE", "false"
}
}
Click the bottom two Signature Versions checkboxes and click Finish button.
Almost There:
All the hardwork is done, now the movement of truth. Inorder to access the Staging server backed-up by proxy, you need to make some setting in your real testing Android devices.
Proxy Setting in Android Device:
Click the Setting inside Android phone and then wi-fi
Long press on the connected wifi and select Modify network
Click the Advanced options if you can't see the Proxy Hostname field
In the Proxy Hostname enter the host IP or name you want to connect. A typical staging server will be named as stg.api.mygoodcompany.com
For the port enter the four digit port number for example 9502
Hit the Save button
One Last Stop:
Remember we generated the signed apk file in Sign APK File section. Now is the time to install that APK file.
Open a terminal and changed to the signed apk file folder
Connect your Android device to your machine
Remove any previous installed apk file from the Android device
Run adb install name of the apk file
If for some reason the above command return with adb command not found. Enter the full path as C:\Users\shah\AppData\Local\Android\sdk\platform-tools\adb.exe install name of the apk file
I hope the problem might be solved. If not please leave me a comments.
Salam!
Use https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/ to test a domain.
The solution of Shihab Uddin in Kotlin.
import java.security.SecureRandom
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate
import javax.net.ssl.*
import javax.security.cert.CertificateException
object {
val okHttpClient: OkHttpClient
val gson: Gson
val retrofit: Retrofit
init {
okHttpClient = getOkHttpBuilder()
// Other parameters like connectTimeout(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.build()
gson = GsonBuilder().setLenient().create()
retrofit = Retrofit.Builder()
.baseUrl(BASE_URL)
.client(okHttpClient)
.addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create(gson))
.build()
}
fun getOkHttpBuilder(): OkHttpClient.Builder =
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
OkHttpClient().newBuilder()
} else {
// Workaround for the error "Caused by: com.android.org.bouncycastle.jce.exception.ExtCertPathValidatorException: Could not validate certificate: Certificate expired at".
getUnsafeOkHttpClient()
}
private fun getUnsafeOkHttpClient(): OkHttpClient.Builder =
try {
// Create a trust manager that does not validate certificate chains
val trustAllCerts: Array<TrustManager> = arrayOf(
object : X509TrustManager {
#Throws(CertificateException::class)
override fun checkClientTrusted(chain: Array<X509Certificate?>?,
authType: String?) = Unit
#Throws(CertificateException::class)
override fun checkServerTrusted(chain: Array<X509Certificate?>?,
authType: String?) = Unit
override fun getAcceptedIssuers(): Array<X509Certificate> = arrayOf()
}
)
// Install the all-trusting trust manager
val sslContext: SSLContext = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL")
sslContext.init(null, trustAllCerts, SecureRandom())
// Create an ssl socket factory with our all-trusting manager
val sslSocketFactory: SSLSocketFactory = sslContext.socketFactory
val builder = OkHttpClient.Builder()
builder.sslSocketFactory(sslSocketFactory,
trustAllCerts[0] as X509TrustManager)
builder.hostnameVerifier { _, _ -> true }
builder
} catch (e: Exception) {
throw RuntimeException(e)
}
}
The same error will also appear if you use Glide, images won't show. To overcome it see Glide - javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: java.security.cert.CertPathValidatorException: Trust anchor for certification path not found and How to set OkHttpClient for glide.
#GlideModule
class MyAppGlideModule : AppGlideModule() {
val okHttpClient = Api.getOkHttpBuilder().build() // Api is the class written above.
// It is better to create okHttpClient here and not use Api.okHttpClient,
// because their settings may differ. For instance, it can use its own
// `addInterceptor` and `addNetworkInterceptor` that can affect on a read JSON.
override fun registerComponents(context: Context, glide: Glide, registry: Registry) {
registry.replace(GlideUrl::class.java, InputStream::class.java,
OkHttpUrlLoader.Factory(okHttpClient))
}
}
build.gradle:
// Glide.
implementation 'com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:4.11.0'
implementation 'com.github.bumptech.glide:okhttp3-integration:4.11.0'
kapt 'com.github.bumptech.glide:compiler:4.11.0'
UPDATE
I also got another error on API 16 emulator:
routines:SSL23_GET_SERVER_HELLO:tlsv1 alert protocol version
(external/openssl/ssl/s23_clnt.c:741'.
Reading 1 and 2, I changed code so:
okHttpClient = getOkHttpBuilder().build()
private fun getOkHttpBuilder(): OkHttpClient.Builder {
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
Security.insertProviderAt(Conscrypt.newProvider(), 1)
}
return OkHttpClient().newBuilder()
}
// build.gradle:
implementation 'org.conscrypt:conscrypt-android:2.5.1'
I also removed these lines from MyApplication:
try {
ProviderInstaller.installIfNeeded(applicationContext)
val sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLSv1.2")
sslContext.init(null, null, null)
sslContext.createSSLEngine()
} catch (e: GooglePlayServicesRepairableException) {
Timber.e(e.stackTraceToString())
// Prompt the user to install/update/enable Google Play services.
GoogleApiAvailability.getInstance().showErrorNotification(this, e.connectionStatusCode)
} catch (e: GooglePlayServicesNotAvailableException) {
Timber.e(e.stackTraceToString())
// Prompt the user to install/update/enable Google Play services.
// GoogleApiAvailability.getInstance().showErrorNotification(this, e.errorCode)
} catch (e: NoSuchAlgorithmException) {
Timber.e(e.stackTraceToString())
} catch (e: KeyManagementException) {
Timber.e(e.stackTraceToString())
}
But the library adds 3.4 Mb to apk.
I had the same problem what i found was that the certificate .crt file i provided missing an intermediate certificate. So I asked all .crt files from my server admin, then concatinated them in reverse order.
Ex.
1. Root.crt
2. Inter.crt
3. myCrt.crt
in windows i executed
copy Inter.crt + Root.crt newCertificate.crt
(Here i ignored myCrt.crt)
Then i provided newCertificate.crt file into code via inputstream.
Work done.
The error message I was getting was similar but the reason was that the self signed certificate had expired.
When the openssl client was attempted, it gave me the reason which was overlooked when I was checking the certificate dialog from firefox.
So in general, if the certificate is there in the keystore and its "VALID", this error will go off.
I had the same problem while connecting from Android client to Kurento server.
Kurento server use jks certificates, so I had to convert pem to it.
As input for conversion I used cert.pem file and it lead to such errors.
But if use fullchain.pem instead of cert.pem - all is OK.
I know that you don't need to trust all certificates but in my case I had problems with some debugging environments where we had self-signed certificates and I needed a dirty solution.
All I had to do was to change the initialization of the sslContext
mySSLContext.init(null, trustAllCerts, null);
where trustAllCerts was created like this:
private final TrustManager[] trustAllCerts= new TrustManager[] { new X509TrustManager() {
public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return new java.security.cert.X509Certificate[]{};
}
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain,
String authType) throws CertificateException {
}
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain,
String authType) throws CertificateException {
}
} };
Hope that this will come in handy.
In my case, the root & intermediate certificates was successfully installed but I still got "Trust anchor for certification path not found." exception!. After digging the android document, found out that by default, secure connections (using protocols like TLS and HTTPS) from all apps trust the pre-installed system CAs, and apps targeting Android 6.0 (API level 23) and lower also trust the user-added CA store by default. If your app running on a OS with api level higher than 23 you should explicitly allow the app to trust user-added CA by adding its address to network_security_config like bellow:
<domain-config>
<domain includeSubdomains="true">PUT_YOUR_SERVER_ADDERESS</domain>
<trust-anchors>
<certificates src="user" />
</trust-anchors>
</domain-config>
The Trust anchor error can happen for a lot of reasons. For me it was simply that I was trying to access https://example.com/ instead of https://www.example.com/.
So you might want to double-check your URLs before starting to build your own Trust Manager (like I did).
In Gingerbread phones, I always get this error: Trust Anchor not found for Android SSL Connection, even if I setup to rely on my certificate.
Here is the code I use (in Scala language):
object Security {
private def createCtxSsl(ctx: Context) = {
val cer = {
val is = ctx.getAssets.open("mycertificate.crt")
try
CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509").generateCertificate(is)
finally
is.close()
}
val key = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType)
key.load(null, null)
key.setCertificateEntry("ca", cer)
val tmf = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm)
tmf.init(key)
val c = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS")
c.init(null, tmf.getTrustManagers, null)
c
}
def prepare(url: HttpURLConnection)(implicit ctx: Context) {
url match {
case https: HttpsURLConnection ⇒
val cSsl = ctxSsl match {
case None ⇒
val res = createCtxSsl(ctx)
ctxSsl = Some(res)
res
case Some(c) ⇒ c
}
https.setSSLSocketFactory(cSsl.getSocketFactory)
case _ ⇒
}
}
def noSecurity(url: HttpURLConnection) {
url match {
case https: HttpsURLConnection ⇒
https.setHostnameVerifier(new HostnameVerifier {
override def verify(hostname: String, session: SSLSession) = true
})
case _ ⇒
}
}
}
and here is the connection code:
def connect(securize: HttpURLConnection ⇒ Unit) {
val conn = url.openConnection().asInstanceOf[HttpURLConnection]
securize(conn)
conn.connect();
....
}
try {
connect(Security.prepare)
} catch {
case ex: SSLHandshakeException /*if ex.getMessage != null && ex.getMessage.contains("Trust anchor for certification path not found")*/ ⇒
connect(Security.noSecurity)
}
Basically, I setup to trust on my custom certificate. If that fails, then I disable security. This is not the best option, but the only choice I know with old and buggy phones.
This sample code, can be easily translated into Java.
I know this is a very old article, but I came across this article when trying to solve my trust anchor issues. I have posted how I fixed it. If you have pre-installed your Root CA you need to add a configuration to the manifest.
https://stackoverflow.com/a/60102517/114265
In my case this was happening after update to Android 8.0. The self-signed certificate Android was set to trust was using signature algorithm SHA1withRSA. Switching to a new cert, using signature algorithm SHA256withRSA fixed the problem.
I have had a similar problem and I have completely ruled out the strategy of trusting all sources.
I share here my solution applied to an application implemented in Kotlin
I would first recommend using the following website to obtain information about the certificate and its validity
If it does not appear as an 'Accepted Issuers' in the Android default trust store, we must get that certificate and incorporate it into the application to create a custom trust store
The ideal solution in my case was to create a high-level Trust Manager that combines the custom and the Android default trust store
Here he exposes the high level code used to configure the OkHttpClient that he used with Retrofit.
override fun onBuildHttpClient(httpClientBuild: OkHttpClient.Builder) {
val trustManagerWrapper = createX509TrustManagerWrapper(
arrayOf(
getCustomX509TrustManager(),
getDefaultX509TrustManager()
)
)
printX509TrustManagerAcceptedIssuers(trustManagerWrapper)
val sslSocketFactory = createSocketFactory(trustManagerWrapper)
httpClientBuild.sslSocketFactory(sslSocketFactory, trustManagerWrapper)
}
In this way, I could communicate with the server with a self-signed certificate and with other servers with a certificate issued by a trusted certification entity
This is it, I hope it can help someone.
Sometimes it happens when admins setup the certificate incorrectly
Check URL here
https://www.sslshopper.com/ssl-checker.html
In my case, there was an error
The certificate is not trusted in all web browsers. You may need to install an Intermediate/chain certificate to link it to a trusted root certificate. Learn more about this error. You can fix this by following GlobalSign's Certificate Installation Instructions for your server platform. Pay attention to the parts about Intermediate certificates.
I use these methods that one of them is in solutions above works for me :
First:
public okhttp3.OkHttpClient getUnsafeOkHttpClient() {
try {
// Create a trust manager that does not validate
certificate chains
final TrustManager[] trustAllCerts = new TrustManager[] {
new X509TrustManager() {
#Override
public void
checkClientTrusted(java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] chain,
String authType) throws CertificateException {
}
#Override
public void
checkServerTrusted(java.security.cert.X509Certificate[] chain,
String authType) throws CertificateException {
}
#Override
public java.security.cert.X509Certificate[]
getAcceptedIssuers() {
return new
java.security.cert.X509Certificate[]{};
}
}
};
// Install the all-trusting trust manager
final SSLContext sslContext =
SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");
sslContext.init(null, trustAllCerts, new
java.security.SecureRandom());
// Create an ssl socket factory with our all-trusting
manager
final SSLSocketFactory sslSocketFactory =
sslContext.getSocketFactory();
okhttp3.OkHttpClient.Builder builder = new
okhttp3.OkHttpClient.Builder();
builder.sslSocketFactory(sslSocketFactory,
(X509TrustManager)trustAllCerts[0]);
builder.hostnameVerifier(new HostnameVerifier() {
#Override
public boolean verify(String hostname, SSLSession
session) {
return true;
}
});
okhttp3.OkHttpClient okHttpClient = builder.build();
return okHttpClient;
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
Second:
#SuppressLint("TrulyRandom")
public static void handleSSLHandshake() {
try {
TrustManager[] trustAllCerts = new TrustManager[]{new
X509TrustManager() {
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return new X509Certificate[0];
}
#Override
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[]
certs, String authType) {
}
#Override
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[]
certs, String authType) {
}
}};
SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");
sc.init(null, trustAllCerts, new SecureRandom());
HttpsURLConnection
.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(sc.getSocketFactory());
HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultHostnameVerifier(new
HostnameVerifier() {
#Override
public boolean verify(String arg0, SSLSession arg1) {
return true;
}
});
} catch (Exception ignored) {
}
}
and:
put this libraries to your classpath:
implementation 'com.squareup.okhttp:okhttp:2.3.0'
implementation 'com.squareup.okhttp:okhttp-urlconnection:2.3.0'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-
core:3.3.0'
be sure that you call them in your class
In my case, the certificate in the website was correct (Issuer = GlobalSign RSA OV SSL CA 2018), but the certificate file I was downloading was wrong, because of the Antivirus that was "intercepting" the certificate and deliverying a new different certificate to download fron the browsers (Issuer = ESET SSL Filter CA) !!!
Check your certificate file has the correct issuer.
**Set proper alias name**
CertificateFactory certificateFactory = CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509","BC");
X509Certificate cert = (X509Certificate) certificateFactory.generateCertificate(derInputStream);
String alias = cert.getSubjectX500Principal().getName();
KeyStore trustStore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
trustStore.load(null);
trustStore.setCertificateEntry(alias, cert);
Relpcae your clicent Like below
var httpClient = new HttpClient(new System.Net.Http.HttpClientHandler());
Change https to http
I'm not getting the X509 Certificates in incoming client request after Jetty Upgrade to
9.4.19.v20190610
certifcates = (X509Certificate[])request.getAttribute("javax.servlet.request.X509Certificate");
Here the certificates are null. Though they were coming in Jetty version
9.4.11.v20180605
My Client Program:
private static String loginWithCertificate(String aEndPointURL) {
String line = "";
try {
final String CERT_ALIAS = "employee1";
String CERT_PASSWORD = "changeit";
KeyStore identityKeyStore = KeyStore.getInstance("jks");
FileInputStream identityKeyStoreFile = new FileInputStream(new File(ResourceUtils.getFile("./stores/client1.jks").getAbsolutePath()));
identityKeyStore.load(identityKeyStoreFile, CERT_PASSWORD.toCharArray());
KeyStore trustKeyStore = KeyStore.getInstance("jks");
FileInputStream trustKeyStoreFile = new FileInputStream(new File(ResourceUtils.getFile("./stores/truststore1.jks").getAbsolutePath()));
trustKeyStore.load(trustKeyStoreFile, CERT_PASSWORD.toCharArray());
SSLContext sslContext = SSLContexts.custom()
// load identity keystore
.loadKeyMaterial(identityKeyStore, CERT_PASSWORD.toCharArray(), new PrivateKeyStrategy() {
#Override
public String chooseAlias(Map<String, PrivateKeyDetails> aliases, Socket socket) {
return CERT_ALIAS;
}
})
// load trust keystore
.loadTrustMaterial(trustKeyStore, null).build();
SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslConnectionSocketFactory = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslContext,
new String[] { "TLSv1.2", "TLSv1.1", "TLSv1" }, null, SSLConnectionSocketFactory.STRICT_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);
CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(sslConnectionSocketFactory).build();
HttpPost req = new HttpPost(aEndPointURL);
StringEntity entity = new StringEntity(
"{\"ipAddress\" : \"172.20.186.74\", \"port\" : 1363, \"protocol\" : \"tls1.2\"}");
req.setHeader("Content-type", "application/json");
req.setHeader("X-XSRF-TOKEN", "Y2hlY2tpdA==");
req.setHeader("CertificateAuthentication", "true");
req.setEntity(entity);
HttpResponse response = client.execute(req);
BufferedReader rd = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(response.getEntity().getContent()));
while ((line = rd.readLine()) != null) {
System.out.println(line);
}
} catch (Exception ex) {
System.out.println("Exception : " + ex);
ex.printStackTrace();
}
return line;
}
My SSL Connector at Server:
public EmbeddedServletContainerFactory customizeJetty() {
JettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory container = new JettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
container.addServerCustomizers(new JettyServerCustomizer() {
#Override
public void customize(Server server) {
// HTTP
try (ServerConnector connector = new ServerConnector(server);) {
validateHttpPort(httpPort, securedPort);
connector.setPort(Integer.parseInt(httpPort));
// HTTPS
SslContextFactory sslContextFactory = new SslContextFactory();
URL urlKeyStore = null;
Path keyStoreFilePath = null;
File keyStoreFile = null;
// Appscan Vulnerability - Should not use Hardcoded paths using File Separator.
// We should use Path API to read the files.
keyStoreFilePath = Paths.get("WebServices", "src", "main", "resources");
keyStoreFile = Paths.get(keyStoreFilePath.toString(), keyStoreName).toFile();
if (!keyStoreFile.exists()) {
keyStoreFilePath = fetchPathForKeyStore();
keyStoreFile = keyStoreFilePath.toFile();
}
urlKeyStore = fetchKeyStoreUrl(keyStoreFile);
validateUrlKeyStore(urlKeyStore);
sslContextFactory.setKeyStoreResource(Resource.newResource(urlKeyStore));
// Getting Credentials from hidden file
String encodedProperty = MFTUtils.fetchCredentialForKeyStore();
validateEncodedProperty(encodedProperty);
StringTokenizer tokenizer = new StringTokenizer(encodedProperty,
MFTConstants.HTTP_CREDENTIAL_DELIMITER); // constant
validateTokens(tokenizer);
String encodedCredential = tokenizer.nextToken();
String credentialKey = tokenizer.nextToken();
String credential = AESEncryptionDecryption.decrypt(encodedCredential, credentialKey);
// null checking credentials
validateCredential(credential, credentialKey);
sslContextFactory.setKeyStorePassword(credential);
sslContextFactory.setExcludeCipherSuites(
"SSL_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA",
"SSL_DHE_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA",
"SSL_DHE_DSS_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA",
"SSL_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_RC4_40_MD5",
"SSL_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA",
"SSL_DHE_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA",
"SSL_DHE_DSS_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA");
sslContextFactory.setExcludeProtocols("");
HttpConfiguration https = new HttpConfiguration();
https.addCustomizer(new SecureRequestCustomizer());
if (System.getProperty(MFTConstants.SERVER_SSL_ENABLED).equalsIgnoreCase(MFTConstants.TRUE)) {
UtilLogger.debug(logger, "HTTPS is enabled.");
try (ServerConnector sslConnector = new ServerConnector(server,
new SslConnectionFactory(sslContextFactory, MFTConstants.HTTP_PROTOCOL),
new HttpConnectionFactory(https));) {
sslConnector.setPort(Integer.parseInt(securedPort));
server.setConnectors(new Connector[] { connector, sslConnector });
}
} else {
UtilLogger.debug(logger, "HTTPS is disabled. Application will run over HTTP only.");
try (ServerConnector sslConnector = new ServerConnector(server,
new SslConnectionFactory(sslContextFactory, MFTConstants.HTTP_PROTOCOL));) {
server.setConnectors(new Connector[] { connector });
}
}
}
}
I am trying with Self Signed Certificates.
Update
I'm using jks keystore. i.e. Certificates without key.
:
Any Help would be highly appreciated.
Looking closer at your server side SslContextFactory usage, with an eye on what you are actually using (stripping away to only show SslContextFactory usage)
SslContextFactory sslContextFactory = new SslContextFactory();
sslContextFactory.setKeyStoreResource(Resource.newResource(urlKeyStore));
sslContextFactory.setKeyStorePassword(credential);
sslContextFactory.setExcludeCipherSuites(
"SSL_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA",
"SSL_DHE_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA",
"SSL_DHE_DSS_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA",
"SSL_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_RC4_40_MD5",
"SSL_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA",
"SSL_DHE_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA",
"SSL_DHE_DSS_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA");
sslContextFactory.setExcludeProtocols("");
A few things stand out.
First, since you are a server, you should use the server version ...
SslContextFactory sslContextFactory = new SslContextFactory.Server();
Next, your use of .setExcludedCipherSuites() is incomplete and introduces vulnerabilties.
Remove (or comment out) that entire line.
Use the defaults that SslContextFactory offers you.
With that line, it's possible to use no-certificate, and no-encryption, configurations for TLS/SSL.
Also, your use of setExcludedProtocols("") is bad. It's setting a single blank protocol to be excluded. This is bad, as you are exposing yourself to all manner of SSL vulnerabilities (let alone TLS vulnerabilities)
Remove (or comment out) that entire line also.
Use the defaults that SslContextFactory offers you.
With that line, it's possible to use no-protocol (which means no-encryption) configurations for TLS/SSL.
There's a myriad of warning logs produced with those 2 above configurations, you should strive to have a configuration that has no warnings.
For the two issues above, you might learn something from the name of the cipher suite that was used in your connection.
String cipherSuiteName =
(String) HttpServletRequest.getAttribute("javax.servlet.request.cipher_suite");
You can even obtain the javax.net.ssl.SSLSession used in the connection.
SslSession sslSession =
(SslSession) HttpServletRequest.getAttribute(
"org.eclipse.jetty.servlet.request.ssl_session");
System.out.println("protocol is " + sslSession.getProtocol());
System.out.println("cipher suite is " + sslSession.getCipherSuite());
System.out.println("peer certs is " + sslSession.getPeerCertificates());
Finally, your code has no indication that you even want client certificates from that configuration.
Have you forgotten one of ...
sslContextFactory.setNeedClientAuth(true);
sslContextFactory.setWantClientAuth(true);
Or are you really not wanting client certificates?
i found some tutorial to handle with https server and a https client. i created some keystore and it works fine. But i have some question which is not clear from the tutorial.
this is my https-server
public class HTTPSServer {
private int port = 9999;
private boolean isServerDone = false;
public static void main(String[] args) {
HTTPSServer server = new HTTPSServer();
server.run();
}
HTTPSServer() {
}
HTTPSServer(int port) {
this.port = port;
}
// Create the and initialize the SSLContext
private SSLContext createSSLContext() {
try {
//Returns keystore object in definied type, here jks
KeyStore keyStore = KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");
//loads the keystore from givin input stream, and the password to unclock jks
keyStore.load(new FileInputStream("x509-ca.jks"), "password".toCharArray());
// Create key manager
KeyManagerFactory keyManagerFactory = KeyManagerFactory.getInstance("SunX509");
keyManagerFactory.init(keyStore, "password".toCharArray());
KeyManager[] km = keyManagerFactory.getKeyManagers();
// Create trust manager
TrustManagerFactory trustManagerFactory = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance("SunX509");
trustManagerFactory.init(keyStore);
TrustManager[] tm = trustManagerFactory.getTrustManagers();
// opens a secure socket with definied protocol
SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLSv1.2");
//System.out.println(keyStore.getCertificate("root").getPublicKey());
//System.out.println(keyStore.isKeyEntry("root"));
sslContext.init(km, tm, null);
return sslContext;
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
// Start to run the server
public void run() {
SSLContext sslContext = this.createSSLContext();
try {
// Create server socket factory
SSLServerSocketFactory sslServerSocketFactory = sslContext.getServerSocketFactory();
// Create server socket
SSLServerSocket sslServerSocket = (SSLServerSocket) sslServerSocketFactory.createServerSocket(this.port);
System.out.println("SSL server started");
while (!isServerDone) {
SSLSocket sslSocket = (SSLSocket) sslServerSocket.accept();
// Start the server thread
new ServerThread(sslSocket).start();
}
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
// Thread handling the socket from client
static class ServerThread extends Thread {
private SSLSocket sslSocket = null;
ServerThread(SSLSocket sslSocket) {
this.sslSocket = sslSocket;
}
public void run() {
sslSocket.setEnabledCipherSuites(sslSocket.getSupportedCipherSuites());
//System.out.println("HIER: " + sslSocket.getHandshakeSession());
//Klappt nicht, auch nicht, wenn der Client diese Zeile ebenfalls besitzt
//sslSocket.setEnabledCipherSuites(new String[]{"TLS_ECDH_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256"});
try {
// Start handshake
sslSocket.startHandshake();
// Get session after the connection is established
SSLSession sslSession = sslSocket.getSession();
System.out.println(sslSession.getPeerHost());
System.out.println(sslSession.getLocalCertificates());
System.out.println("\tProtocol : " + sslSession.getProtocol());
System.out.println("\tCipher suite : " + sslSession.getCipherSuite());
System.out.println("\tSession context : " + sslSession.getSessionContext());
//System.out.println("\tPeer pricipal of peer : " + sslSession.getPeerPrincipal());
// Start handling application content
InputStream inputStream = sslSocket.getInputStream();
OutputStream outputStream = sslSocket.getOutputStream();
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream));
String line = null;
String[] suites = sslSocket.getSupportedCipherSuites();
for (int i = 0; i < suites.length; i++) {
//System.out.println(suites[i]);
//System.out.println(sslSession.getCipherSuite());
}
while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
System.out.println("Inut : " + line);
if (line.trim().isEmpty()) {
break;
}
}
// Write data
printWriter.print("HTTP/1.1 200\r\n");
printWriter.flush();
sslSocket.close();
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
And this is my output:
SSL server started
127.0.0.1
null
Protocol : TLSv1.2
Cipher suite : TLS_DH_anon_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
Session context : sun.security.ssl.SSLSessionContextImpl#781df1a4
I want to know, why the line
System.out.println(sslSession.getLocalCertificates());
prints out "null"?
Thank you a lot, Mira
From the documentation:
Certificate[] getLocalCertificates()
Returns the certificate(s) that were sent to the peer during handshaking.
Note: This method is useful only when using certificate-based cipher suites.
When multiple certificates are available for use in a handshake, the implementation chooses what it considers the "best" certificate chain available, and transmits that to the other side. This method allows the caller to know which certificate chain was actually used.
Returns:
an ordered array of certificates, with the local certificate first followed by any certificate authorities. If no certificates were sent, then null is returned.
The part we care about is "Returns the certificate(s) that were sent to the peer during handshaking.", and "This method is useful only when using certificate-based cipher suites.".
Given that it is returning null, we can assume you are not sending any certificates to the client. But it's also HTTPS, so what gives? Well, it looks like you're using TLS_DH_anon_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256, which is, as the name suggests, anonymous. As per the OpenSSL Wiki:
Anonymous Diffie-Hellman uses Diffie-Hellman, but without authentication. Because the keys used in the exchange are not authenticated, the protocol is susceptible to Man-in-the-Middle attacks. Note: if you use this scheme, a call to SSL_get_peer_certificate will return NULL because you have selected an anonymous protocol. This is the only time SSL_get_peer_certificate is allowed to return NULL under normal circumstances.
While this is applicable to OpenSSL, it would appear to be the same in Java - that is, you're not using a certificate-based cipher. Someone with more knowledge of TLS would need to jump in, but it looks like AES keys are generated, and they're sent to the client, but the client has no assurance those keys came from you, whereas normally you would generate the keys, and then sign / encrypt (not 100% sure) those keys with an RSA key to prove they came from you.
To fix this, I believe you would need to select a different cipher suite, e.g. TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256. I'm not 100% sure how you would do this, but that would appear to be the solution.
sslSocket.setEnabledCipherSuites(sslSocket.getSupportedCipherSuites());
You are enabling all the anonymous and low-grade cipher suites, so you are allowing the server not to send a certificate, so it doesn't send one, so it doesn't give you one in getLocalCertificates().
Remove this line.
I have a REST server made in Grizzly that uses HTTPS and works wonderfully with Firefox. Here's the code:
//Build a new Servlet Adapter.
ServletAdapter adapter=new ServletAdapter();
adapter.addInitParameter("com.sun.jersey.config.property.packages", "My.services");
adapter.addInitParameter(ResourceConfig.PROPERTY_CONTAINER_REQUEST_FILTERS, SecurityFilter.class.getName());
adapter.setContextPath("/");
adapter.setServletInstance(new ServletContainer());
//Configure SSL (See instructions at the top of this file on how these files are generated.)
SSLConfig ssl=new SSLConfig();
String keystoreFile=Main.class.getResource("resources/keystore_server.jks").toURI().getPath();
System.out.printf("Using keystore at: %s.",keystoreFile);
ssl.setKeyStoreFile(keystoreFile);
ssl.setKeyStorePass("asdfgh");
//Build the web server.
GrizzlyWebServer webServer=new GrizzlyWebServer(getPort(9999),".",true);
//Add the servlet.
webServer.addGrizzlyAdapter(adapter, new String[]{"/"});
//Set SSL
webServer.setSSLConfig(ssl);
//Start it up.
System.out.println(String.format("Jersey app started with WADL available at "
+ "%sapplication.wadl\n",
"https://localhost:9999/"));
webServer.start();
Now, I try to reach it in Java:
SSLContext ctx=null;
try {
ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
ClientConfig config=new DefaultClientConfig();
config.getProperties().put(HTTPSProperties.PROPERTY_HTTPS_PROPERTIES, new HTTPSProperties(null,ctx));
WebResource service=Client.create(new DefaultClientConfig()).resource("https://localhost:9999/");
//Attempt to view the user's page.
try{
service
.path("user/"+username)
.get(String.class);
}
And get:
com.sun.jersey.api.client.ClientHandlerException: javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
at com.sun.jersey.client.urlconnection.URLConnectionClientHandler.handle(URLConnectionClientHandler.java:128)
at com.sun.jersey.api.client.Client.handle(Client.java:453)
at com.sun.jersey.api.client.WebResource.handle(WebResource.java:557)
at com.sun.jersey.api.client.WebResource.get(WebResource.java:179)
From examples that I've found on the web, it seems like I would need to setup a Truststore then setup some sort of TrustManager. This seems like a lot of code and setup work for my simple little project. Is there an easier way to just say..I trust this cert and point to a .cert file?
When you say "is there an easier way to... trust this cert", that's exactly what you're doing by adding the cert to your Java trust store. And this is very, very easy to do, and there's nothing you need to do within your client app to get that trust store recognized or utilized.
On your client machine, find where your cacerts file is (that's your default Java trust store, and is, by default, located at <java-home>/lib/security/certs/cacerts.
Then, type the following:
keytool -import -alias <Name for the cert> -file <the .cer file> -keystore <path to cacerts>
That will import the cert into your trust store, and after this, your client app will be able to connect to your Grizzly HTTPS server without issue.
If you don't want to import the cert into your default trust store -- i.e., you just want it to be available to this one client app, but not to anything else you run on your JVM on that machine -- then you can create a new trust store just for your app. Instead of passing keytool the path to the existing, default cacerts file, pass keytool the path to your new trust store file:
keytool -import -alias <Name for the cert> -file <the .cer file> -keystore <path to new trust store>
You'll be asked to set and verify a new password for the trust store file. Then, when you start your client app, start it with the following parameters:
java -Djavax.net.ssl.trustStore=<path to new trust store> -Djavax.net.ssl.trustStorePassword=<trust store password>
Easy cheesy, really.
Here's the painful route:
SSLContext ctx = null;
try {
KeyStore trustStore;
trustStore = KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");
trustStore.load(new FileInputStream("C:\\truststore_client"),
"asdfgh".toCharArray());
TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory
.getInstance("SunX509");
tmf.init(trustStore);
ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");
ctx.init(null, tmf.getTrustManagers(), null);
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
} catch (KeyStoreException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (CertificateException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (KeyManagementException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
ClientConfig config = new DefaultClientConfig();
config.getProperties().put(HTTPSProperties.PROPERTY_HTTPS_PROPERTIES,
new HTTPSProperties(null, ctx));
WebResource service = Client.create(config).resource(
"https://localhost:9999/");
service.addFilter(new HTTPBasicAuthFilter(username, password));
// Attempt to view the user's page.
try {
service.path("user/" + username).get(String.class);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
Gotta love those six different caught exceptions :). There are certainly some refactoring to simplify the code a bit. But, I like delfuego's -D options on the VM. I wish there was a javax.net.ssl.trustStore static property that I could just set. Just two lines of code and done. Anyone know where that would be?
This may be too much to ask, but, ideally the keytool would not be used. Instead, the trustedStore would be created dynamically by the code and the cert is added at runtime.
There must be a better answer.
Something to keep in mind is that this error isn't only due to self signed certs. The new Entrust CA certs fail with the same error, and the right thing to do is to update the server with the appropriate root certs, not to disable this important security feature.
Check this out: http://code.google.com/p/resting/. I could use resting to consume
HTTPS REST services.
The answer of delfuego is the simplest way to solve the certificate problem. But, in my case, one of our third party url (using https), updated their certificate every 2 months automatically. It means that I have to import the cert to our Java trust store manually every 2 months as well. Sometimes it caused production problems.
So, I made a method to solve it with SecureRestClientTrustManager to be able to consume https url without importing the cert file.
Here is the method:
public static String doPostSecureWithHeader(String url, String body, Map headers)
throws Exception {
log.info("start doPostSecureWithHeader " + url + " with param " + body);
long startTime;
long endTime;
startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
Client client;
client = Client.create();
WebResource webResource;
webResource = null;
String output = null;
try{
SSLContext sslContext = null;
SecureRestClientTrustManager secureRestClientTrustManager = new SecureRestClientTrustManager();
sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("SSL");
sslContext
.init(null,
new javax.net.ssl.TrustManager[] { secureRestClientTrustManager },
null);
DefaultClientConfig defaultClientConfig = new DefaultClientConfig();
defaultClientConfig
.getProperties()
.put(com.sun.jersey.client.urlconnection.HTTPSProperties.PROPERTY_HTTPS_PROPERTIES,
new com.sun.jersey.client.urlconnection.HTTPSProperties(
getHostnameVerifier(), sslContext));
client = Client.create(defaultClientConfig);
webResource = client.resource(url);
if(headers!=null && headers.size()>0){
for (Map.Entry entry : headers.entrySet()){
webResource.setProperty(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
}
}
WebResource.Builder builder =
webResource.accept("application/json");
if(headers!=null && headers.size()>0){
for (Map.Entry entry : headers.entrySet()){
builder.header(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
}
}
ClientResponse response = builder
.post(ClientResponse.class, body);
output = response.getEntity(String.class);
}
catch(Exception e){
log.error(e.getMessage(),e);
if(e.toString().contains("One or more of query value parameters are null")){
output="-1";
}
if(e.toString().contains("401 Unauthorized")){
throw e;
}
}
finally {
if (client!= null) {
client.destroy();
}
}
endTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
log.info("time hit "+ url +" selama "+ (endTime - startTime) + " milliseconds dengan output = "+output);
return output;
}