Generating a canonical path - java

Does any one know of any Java libraries I could use to generate canonical paths (basically remove back-references).
I need something that will do the following:
Raw Path -> Canonical Path
/../foo/ -> /foo
/foo/ -> /foo
/../../../ -> /
/./foo/./ -> /foo
//foo//bar -> /foo/bar
//foo/../bar -> /bar
etc...
At the moment I lazily rely on using:
new File("/", path).getCanonicalPath();
But this resolves the path against the actual file system, and is synchronised.
java.lang.Thread.State: BLOCKED (on object monitor)
at java.io.ExpiringCache.get(ExpiringCache.java:55)
- waiting to lock <0x93a0d180> (a java.io.ExpiringCache)
at java.io.UnixFileSystem.canonicalize(UnixFileSystem.java:137)
at java.io.File.getCanonicalPath(File.java:559)
The paths that I am canonicalising do not exist on my file system, so just the logic of the method will do me fine, thus not requiring any synchronisation. I'm hoping for a well tested library rather than having to write my own.

I think you can use the URI class to do this; e.g. if the path contains no characters that need escaping in a URI path component, you can do this.
String normalized = new URI(path).normalize().getPath();
If the path contains (or might contain) characters that need escaping, the multi-argument constructors will escape the path argument, and you can provide null for the other arguments.
Notes:
The above normalizes a file path by treating it as a relative URI. If you want to normalize an entire URI ... including the (optional) scheme, authority, and other components, don't call getPath()!
URI normalization does not involve looking at the file system as File canonicalization does. But the flip side is that normalization behaves differently to canonicalization when there are symbolic links in the path.

Using Apache Commons IO (a well-known and well-tested library)
public static String normalize(String filename)
will do exactly what you're looking for.
Example:
String result = FilenameUtils.normalize(myFile.getAbsolutePath());

If you don't need path canonization but only normalization, in Java 7 you can use java.nio.file.Path.normalize method.
According to http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/nio/file/Path.html:
This method does not access the file system; the path may not locate a file that exists.
If you work with File object you can use something like this:
file.toPath().normalize().toFile()

You could try an algorithm like this:
String collapsePath(String path) {
/* Split into directory parts */
String[] directories = path.split("/");
String[] newDirectories = new String[directories.length];
int i, j = 0;
for (i=0; i<directories.length; i++) {
/* Ignore the previous directory if it is a double dot */
if (directories[i].equals("..") && j > 0)
newDirectories[j--] = "";
/* Completely ignore single dots */
else if (! directories[i].equals("."))
newDirectories[j++] = directories[i];
}
/* Ah, what I would give for String.join() */
String newPath = new String();
for (i=0; i < j; i++)
newPath = newPath + "/" + newDirectories[i];
return newPath;
}
It isn't perfect; it's linear over the number of directories but does make a copy in memory.

Which kind of path is qualified as a Canonical Path is OS dependent.
That's why Java need to check it on the filesystem.
So there's no simple logic to test the path without knowing the OS.

So, while normalizing can do the trick, here is a procedure that exposes a little more of the Java API than would simply calling Paths.normalize()
Say I want to find a file that is not in my current directory on the file system.
My working code file is
myproject/src/JavaCode.java
Located in myproject/src/. My file is in
../../data/myfile.txt
I'm testing my program running my code from JavaCode.java
public static void main(String[] args) {
findFile("../../data","myfile.txt");
System.out.println("Found it.");
}
public static File findFile(String inputPath, String inputFile) {
File dataDir = new File("").getAbsoluteFile(); // points dataDir to working directory
String delimiters = "" + '\\' + '/'; // dealing with different system separators
StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(inputPath, delimiters);
while(st.hasMoreTokens()) {
String s = st.nextToken();
if(s.trim().isEmpty() || s.equals("."))
continue;
else if(s.equals(".."))
dataDir = dataDir.getParentFile();
else {
dataDir = new File(dataDir, s);
if(!dataDir.exists())
throw new RuntimeException("Data folder does not exist.");
}
}
return new File(dataDir, inputFile);
}
Having placed a file at the specified location, this should print "Found it."

I'm assuming you have strings and you want strings, and you have Java 7 available now, and your default file system uses '/' as a path separator, so try:
String output = FileSystems.getDefault().getPath(input).normalize().toString();
You can try this out with:
/**
* Input Output
* /../foo/ -> /foo
* /foo/ -> /foo
* /../../../ -> /
* /./foo/./ -> /foo
* //foo//bar -> /foo/bar
* //foo/../bar -> /bar
*/
#Test
public void testNormalizedPath() throws URISyntaxException, IOException {
String[] in = new String[]{"/../foo/", "/foo/", "/../../../", "/./foo/./",
"//foo/bar", "//foo/../bar", "/", "/foo"};
String[] ex = new String[]{"/foo", "/foo", "/", "/foo", "/foo/bar", "/bar", "/", "/foo"};
FileSystem fs = FileSystems.getDefault();
for (int i = 0; i < in.length; i++) {
assertEquals(ex[i], fs.getPath(in[i]).normalize().toString());
}
}

Related

Is there a clean and easy way to make file path strings in Java OS agnostic?

I've made a class which takes in any string of one format (eg. UNIX) and coverts into whatever OS the java is running on.
enum OperatingSystem {
WINDOWS,
LINUX;
static OperatingSystem initOS() {
String osName = System.getProperty("os.name");
switch (osName) {
case "Windows 8.1":
return WINDOWS;
case "Linux":
return LINUX;
default:
return LINUX;
}
}
}
public class OSSP {
public static final OperatingSystem USEROS = OperatingSystem.initOS();
// Auxilarry methods to return OSAppropriateString
private static String makeLinuxCompatible(String[] path) {
return String.join("/", path);
}
private static String makeWindowsCompatible(String[] path) {
return String.join("\\", path);
}
public static String getOSSpecificPath(String path) {
String[] splittedPath = {""}, subpath = {""};
String finalPath = "";
if(path.contains("\\")) {
splittedPath = path.split("\\\\",-1);
}
else if (path.contains("/")) {
splittedPath = path.split("/",-1);
}
if (USEROS == OperatingSystem.LINUX) {
finalPath = makeLinuxCompatible(splittedPath);
}
else if (USEROS == OperatingSystem.WINDOWS) {
finalPath = makeWindowsCompatible(splittedPath);
}
return finalPath;
}
}
This is fine if you're working on small code and you'd have to do it often.
But, I have a huge GUI code where I'd have to insert this function wherever there is path specified in the program. Is there a way to make path like strings automatically OS specific?
Otherwise a setting where any OS function which takes a path automatically changes accordingly under the hood.
Use Path with Files.
Path path = Paths.get(".../...");
Path path = Paths.get("...", "...");
// path.resolve, relativize, normalize, getFileSystem
This class is a generalisation of File which is only for pure file system files.
A path might point in a subdirectory of a .zip using a zip file system and so on.
For established File using APIs one can use Path.toFile() and File.toPath().
Paths.get is very versatile, also due to the Posix compatibility of Windows (accepting / besides \). You can get a canonical normalized path anyway.
path.toRealPath()
The old File you can use:
String separator = File.separator;
For a path which can point to different file systems:
String separator = path.getFileSystem().getSeparator();
In general Path is a nifty class storing the name parts, the file system.
It covers many aspects like "..".
The best way to deal with this kind of situation is to not try to detect the OS since that can be rather hit-or-miss. Instead the Java API does provide a way to tell you what character to use as a path separator. Look at this API documentation on File: https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/io/File.html and look for the specific static field separator. I would highly suggest you parse the path using the File class then if you need the path as an string simply call toURI().toString() to get it into a format that the OS can recognize.

How to replace backward slash (\) to forward slash (/) using jmeter BeanShell

I have declared a user defined variable as 'projectHome' using below BeanShell which returns the absolute path of the jmx file.
${__BeanShell(import org.apache.jmeter.services.FileServer; FileServer.getFileServer().getBaseDir();)}
On Windows it returns: projectHome=C:\Users\dd\Desktop\API_Testing
On MacOS it returns:
projectHome=/Users/dd/Desktop/API_Testing
The variable value is working fine in following BeanShell Sampler on MacOS:
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.util.List;
//Default separator
char SEPARATOR = ',';
//function write line in csv
public void writeLine(FileWriter writer, String[] params, char separator) {
boolean firstParam = true;
StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
String param = "";
for (int i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {
//get param
param = params[i];
log.info(param);
//if the first param in the line, separator is not needed
if (!firstParam) {
stringBuilder.append(separator);
}
//Add param to line
stringBuilder.append(param);
firstParam = false;
}
//prepare file to next line
stringBuilder.append("\n");
//add to file the line
log.info(stringBuilder.toString());
writer.append(stringBuilder.toString());
}
//get path of csv file (creates new one if its not exists)
String csvFile = "${projectHome}/tenant_details.csv";
String[] params = {"${Email}"};
FileWriter fileWriter = new FileWriter(csvFile, true);
writeLine(fileWriter, params, SEPARATOR);
//proper close to file
fileWriter.flush();
fileWriter.close();
When I am running the script on Windows machine, it is failing because of the path having backslash.
How can I convert the backslash to forward slash within the same BeanShell Sampler so that it can work on Windows as well as MacOS?
You don't need to replace slashes / with backslashes \, slashes will work file for Windows platform as well, you can do something like:
new File("c:/Windows/system32/cmd.exe")
and it will normally resolve.
Don't refer variables like ${projectHome} and/or ${Email} in scripts, use vars shorthand instead. It stands for JMeterVariables class instance and provides read/write access to all JMeter Variables in scope. So you should be using
String csvFile = vars.get("projectHome") + "/tenant_details.csv";
and
String[] params = {vars.get("Email")};
Since JMeter 3.1 it is recommended to use JSR223 Test Elements and Groovy language for scripting so consider migrating to Groovy on next available opportunity as Beanshell (and will) become a performance bottleneck when it comes to high loads. See Apache Groovy - Why and How You Should Use It article for more information.
In beanshell Sampler/Post-PreProcessor, input the path to script folder and script name into the Script File field as:-
${__BeanShell(File.separator,)} will return the / in Unix (Mac, Linux, …) and \ in Windows. So you can consider it as:
– Windows: ${PATH}\Foldername\beanshellfile.bsh
– Unix: ${PATH}/scripts/beanshellfile.bsh
Inside Sampler you can call File.separator which uses relevant OS file separator when you need to add it. In your code change to:
String csvFile = "${projectHome}" + File.separator + "tenant_details.csv";
Here is how I solved this problem using BeanShell:
import org.apache.jmeter.services.FileServer;
String JMXPath = FileServer.getFileServer().getBaseDir();
char[]a = JMXPath.toCharArray();
log.info(JMXPath + " - It is project JMX path");
for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++)
{
if (a[i] == '\\')
{
a[i] = '/';
}
}
String xyz = String.valueOf(a);
log.info(xyz + " - It is projectHome value");
vars.put("projectHome", xyz);

How to construct a file from a relative path in a File

I'm parsing a base file at this location:
/Users/haddad/development/fspc/content/2017.dev/src/agency/individual/integration/src/forms/print.xml
And from that file, I parse out:
../../../../include/masking.xml
So that relative path is from the context from the file I parsed it out from (base file)
How can I constuct a file object from that relative path so I can read it's contents?
Since you tagged nio, the Path class makes this easy. You simply call resolveSibling() and normalize().
String main = "/Users/haddad/development/fspc/content/2017.dev/src/agency/individual/integration/src/forms/print.xml";
String ref = "../../../../include/masking.xml";
System.out.println(Paths.get(main));
System.out.println(Paths.get(main).resolveSibling(ref));
System.out.println(Paths.get(main).resolveSibling(ref).normalize());
Or:
System.out.println(Paths.get(main));
System.out.println(Paths.get(main, ref));
System.out.println(Paths.get(main, ref).normalize());
Output
\Users\haddad\development\fspc\content\2017.dev\src\agency\individual\integration\src\forms\print.xml
\Users\haddad\development\fspc\content\2017.dev\src\agency\individual\integration\src\forms\..\..\..\..\include\masking.xml
\Users\haddad\development\fspc\content\2017.dev\src\agency\include\masking.xml
Note: I ran this on a Window machine, so I of course got backslashes
If you prefer the old File object, you use the two-argument constructor, and call getCanonicalFile().
System.out.println(new File(main));
System.out.println(new File(main, ref));
System.out.println(new File(main, ref).getCanonicalFile());
Output
\Users\haddad\development\fspc\content\2017.dev\src\agency\individual\integration\src\forms\print.xml
\Users\haddad\development\fspc\content\2017.dev\src\agency\individual\integration\src\forms\print.xml\..\..\..\..\include\masking.xml
C:\Users\haddad\development\fspc\content\2017.dev\src\agency\individual\include\masking.xml
You could use subpath() to keep the path part that interests you that you can combine with resolve() to append a new path to :
public static void main(String[] args) {
Path printXmlPath = Paths.get("/Users/haddad/development/fspc/content/2017.dev/src/agency/individual/integration/src/forms/print.xml");
Path maskingXmlPath = printXmlPath.subpath(0, printXmlPath.getNameCount() - 5)
.resolve("include/masking.xml");
System.out.println(maskingXmlPath);
}
Users\haddad\development\fspc\content\2017.dev\src\agency\include\masking.xml

How to retrieve the UNC path instead of mapped drive path from JFileChooser

Just wondering if there is a way to return back the UNC path from a file chosen with JFileChooser. The file that I would be selecting would reside on a mapped drive that has a UNC path. Right now, I can only seem to pull back the drive letter of a mapped drive.
From https://stackoverflow.com/users/715934/tasoocoo
I ended up finding a solution that executes the NET USE command:
filePath = fc.getSelectedFile().getAbsolutePath();
Runtime runTime = Runtime.getRuntime();
Process process = runTime.exec("net use");
InputStream inStream = process.getInputStream();
InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(inStream);
BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader);
String line = null;
String[] components = null;
while (null != (line = bufferedReader.readLine())) {
components = line.split("\\s+");
if ((components.length > 2) && (components[1].equals(filePath.substring(0, 2)))) {
filePath = filePath.replace(components[1], components[2]);
}
}
As I commented on Gerry's answer, ShellFolder.getDisplayName is unreliable because the user can changed the display name to whatever they want.
However the UNC path does seem to be available via sun.awt.shell.ShellFolder. This is of course an "internal proprietary API" so no guarantee this will continue to work in future versions of java, but testing against java 1.8.0_31 in Windows 7 I see a ShellFolderColumnInfo titled Attributes which for network drives appears to include the UNC path as a bare String. eg:
File networkDrive = new File("G:\");
ShellFolder shellFolder = ShellFolder.getShellFolder(networkDrive);
ShellFolderColumnInfo[] cols = shellFolder.getFolderColumns();
for (int i = 0; i < cols.length; i++) {
if ("Attributes".equals(cols[i].getTitle())) {
String uncPath = (String) shellFolder.getFolderColumnValue(i);
System.err.println(uncPath);
break; // don't need to look at other columns
}
}
If you go to My Computer in explorer, change to Details view and turn on the "Network Location" column, it appears to match what we get from "Attributes" via the ShellFolder API. Not sure where "Attributes" comes from or if it changes in non-english locales.
The JFileChooser method getSelectedFile() returns a File, which may have helpful information.
"For Microsoft Windows platforms,…the prefix of a UNC pathname is "\\\\"; the hostname and the share name are the first two names in the name sequence."
If anyone else is looking for an alternate (and I think simpler) solution,
you can find the information using ShellFolder.getDisplayName(). For example, you can parse the network location of the drive from the string here:
System.out.println(ShellFolder.getShellFolder(new File(filePath.substring(0,3))).getDisplayName());
This might also be useful:
File.listRoots();

How do I scan a folder in Java?

I need to scan a particular folder in Java, and be able to return the integer number of files of a particular type (based on not only extension but also naming convention.) For example, I want to know how many JPG files there are in the \src folder that have a simple integer filename (say, 1.JPG through 30.JPG). Can anyone point me in the right direction? Thx
java.io.File.list(FilenameFilter) is the method you're looking for.
I have a method that uses a regex pattern for a rather complicated file structure. Something like that could be used, although I'm sure it could be written more concisely than my example (edited for security).
/**
* Get all non-directory filenames from a given foo/flat directory
*
* #param network
* #param typeRegex
* #param locationRegex
* #return
*/
public List<String> getFilteredFilenames(String network, String typeRegex, String locationRegex) {
String regex = null;
List<String> filenames = new ArrayList<String>();
String directory;
// Look at the something network
if (network.equalsIgnoreCase("foo")) {
// Get the foo files first
directory = this.pathname + "/" + "foo/filtered/flat";
File[] foofiles = getFilenames(directory);
// run the regex if need be.
if (locationRegex != null && typeRegex != null ) {
regex = typeRegex + "." + locationRegex;
//System.out.println(regex);
}
for (int i = 0; i < foofiles.length; i++) {
if (foofiles[i].isFile()) {
String file = foofiles[i].getName();
if (regex == null) {
filenames.add(file);
}
else {
if (file.matches(regex)) {
filenames.add(file);
}
}
}
}
}
return filenames;
}

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