Gradient color lookup in Java - java

I have a list of values from 0-1. I want to convert this list to an image by using a gradient that converts these floating point values to RGB values. Are there any tools in Java that provide you with this functionality?

0 should be mapped 0
1 should be mapped 255
keep in mind that you need 3 of them to make a color
so multiply by 255 the floating number and cast it to int.

Perhaps GradientPaint can do what you want. It's unclear how you want a list of floating point values to be converted into a gradient. Normally a gradient consists of two colors and some mechanism that interpolates between those colors. GradientPaint implements a linear gradient.

Say you have an array made of 64 000 triples corresponding to RGB values, like this:
final Random rand = new Random();
final float[] f = new float[320*200*3];
for (int i = 0; i < f.length; i++) {
f[i] = rand.nextFloat(); // <-- generates a float between [0...1.0[
}
And say you have a BufferedImage that has a size of 320x200 (64 000 pixels) of type INT_ARGB (8 bits per value + 8 bits for the alpha level):
final BufferedImage bi = new BufferedImage( 320, 200, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB );
Then you can convert you float array to RGB value and fill the image doing this:
for (int x = 0; x < 320; x++) {
for (int y = 0; y < 200; y++) {
final int r = (int) (f[x+y*200*3] * 255.0);
final int g = (int) (f[x+y*200*3+1] * 255.0);
final int b = (int) (f[x+y*200*3+2] * 255.0);
bi.setRGB( x, y, 0xFF000000 | (r << 16) | (g << 8) | b );
}
}
Note that would you display this image it would appear gray but if you zoom in it you'll see it's actually made of perfectly random colorful pixels. It's just that the random number generator is so good that it all looks gray on screen :)

Related

Detect & remove a range of colors from Java BufferedImage

I'm building an application that uses OCR to read text from an image (using Tess4J for Google's Tesseract), but I want to ignore the tan-colored text and only read the grey.
In the image below, for instance, I only want to read "Ricki" and ignore "AOA".
http://i.imgur.com/daCuTbB.png
To accomplish this, I figured removing the tan color from the image before performing OCR was my best option.
/* Remove RGB Value for Group Tag */
int width = image.getWidth();
int height = image.getHeight();
int[] pixels = new int[width * height];
image.getRGB(0, 0, width, height, pixels, 0, width);
for (int i = 0; i < pixels.length; i++) {
//If pixel is between dark-tan value and light-tan value
if (pixels[i] > 0xFF57513b && pixels[i] < 0xFF6b6145) {
// Set pixel to black
System.out.println("pixel found");
pixels[i] = 0xFF000000;
}
}
image.setRGB(0, 0, width, height, pixels, 0, width);
But this code removes almost all of the grey text as well. You aren't able to simply compare hex color values for a range of values the way I have. Is there another way to approach detecting a range of colors? Or a better different approach to this problem?
haraldK pointed me in the right direction by mentioning converting RGB. Bit shifting to get individual r, g, and b int values from the hex value allowed me to compare the color within a range and black out a range of colors from the image.
int baser = 108; //base red
int baseg = 96; //base green
int baseb = 68; //base blue
int range = 10; //threshold + and - from base values
/* Set all pixels within +- range of base RGB to black */
for (int i = 0; i < pixels.length; i++) {
int a = (pixels[i]>>24) &0xFF; //alpha
int r = (pixels[i]>>16) &0xFF; //red
int g = (pixels[i]>>8) &0xFF; //green
int b = (pixels[i]>>0) &0xFF; //blue
if ( (r > baser-range && r < baser+range) &&
(g > baseg-range && g < baseg+range) &&
(b > baseb-range && b < baseb+range) ) {
pixels[i] = 0xFF000000; //Set to black
}
}

Doesn't += return the newly assigned value?

I'm looping over image and summing the values of all pixels. I do this to create an integral image. To keep the last value easily available, I created the_sum variable to which I add values for each pixel.
If you know how integral image works, you know that every pixel in such image contains sum of all pixels before plus it's own value.
Hence:
integral_image[x][y][0] = (the_sum[0]+= (pixel & 0x00FF0000)>>16);
I increase the sum and assign it to current pixel. Netbeans IDE, however, warns me that I'm not reading from the_sum.
Something in the algorithm is broken and I'm not sure what is it. Is my approach wrong or is this a false positive report by NetBeans?
To avoid misunderstanding, this is the whole method:
/* Generate an integral image. Every pixel on such image contains sum of colors or all the
pixels before and itself.
*/
public static double[][][] integralImage(BufferedImage image) {
int w = image.getWidth();
int h = image.getHeight();
double integral_image[][][] = new double[w][h][3];
double the_sum[] = new double[3];
for (int x = 0; x < w; x++) {
for (int y = 0; y < h; y++) {
int pixel = image.getRGB(x, y);
integral_image[x][y][0] = (the_sum[0]+= (pixel & 0x00FF0000)>>16);
integral_image[x][y][1] = (the_sum[1]+= (pixel & 0x0000FF00)>>8);
integral_image[x][y][2] = (the_sum[2]+= pixel & 0x000000FF);
}
}
return integral_image;
}
Yes, += returns the newly assigned value. It is a false positive from netbeans.
At run time, the result of the assignment expression is the value of the variable after the assignment has occurred.
http://docs.oracle.com/javase/specs/jls/se8/html/jls-15.html#jls-15.26

Converting grayscale image pixels to defined scale

I'm looking to use a very crude heightmap I've created in Photoshop to define a tiled isometric grid for me:
Map:
http://i.imgur.com/jKM7AgI.png
I'm aiming to loop through every pixel in the image and convert the colour of that pixel to a scale of my choosing, for example 0-100.
At the moment I'm using the following code:
try
{
final File file = new File("D:\\clouds.png");
final BufferedImage image = ImageIO.read(file);
for (int x = 0; x < image.getWidth(); x++)
{
for (int y = 0; y < image.getHeight(); y++)
{
int clr = image.getRGB(x, y) / 99999;
if (clr <= 0)
clr = -clr;
System.out.println(clr);
}
}
}
catch (IOException ex)
{
// Deal with exception
}
This works to an extent; the black pixel at position 0 is 167 and the white pixel at position 999 is 0. However when I insert certain pixels into the image I get slightly odd results, for example a gray pixel that's very close to white returns over 100 when I would expect it to be in single digits.
Is there an alternate solution I could use that would yield more reliable results?
Many thanks.
Since it's a grayscale map, the RGB parts will all be the same value (with range 0 - 255), so just take one out of the packed integer and find out what percent of 255 it is:
int clr = (int) ((image.getRGB(x, y) & 0xFF) / 255.0 * 100);
System.out.println(clr);
getRGB returns all channels packed into one int so you shouldn't do arithmetic with it. Maybe use the norm of the RGB-vector instead?
for (int x = 0; x < image.getWidth(); ++x) {
for (int y = 0; y < image.getHeight(); ++y) {
final int rgb = image.getRGB(x, y);
final int red = ((rgb & 0xFF0000) >> 16);
final int green = ((rgb & 0x00FF00) >> 8);
final int blue = ((rgb & 0x0000FF) >> 0);
// Norm of RGB vector mapped to the unit interval.
final double intensity =
Math.sqrt(red * red + green * green + blue * blue)
/ Math.sqrt(3 * 255 * 255);
}
}
Note that there is also the java.awt.Color class that can be instantiated with the int returned by getRGB and provides getRed, getGreen and getBlue methods if you don't want to do the bit manipulations yourself.

How to change the contrast and brightness of an image stored as pixel values

I have an image that is stored as an array of pixel values. I want to be able to apply a brightness or contrast filter to this image. Is there any simple way, or algorithm, that I can use to achieve this.
Here is my code...
PlanarImage img=JAI.create("fileload","C:\\aimages\\blue_water.jpg");
BufferedImage image = img.getAsBufferedImage();
int w = image.getWidth();
int h = image.getHeight();
int k = 0;
int[] sbins = new int[256];
int[] pixel = new int[3];
Double d = 0.0;
Double d1;
for (int x = 0; x < bi.getWidth(); x++) {
for (int y = 0; y < bi.getHeight(); y++) {
pixel = bi.getRaster().getPixel(x, y, new int[3]);
k = (int) ((0.2125 * pixel[0]) + (0.7154 * pixel[1]) + (0.072 * pixel[2]));
sbins[k]++;
}
}
My suggestion would be to use the built-in methods of Java to adjust the brightness and contrast, rather than trying to adjust the pixel values yourself. It seems pretty easy by doing something like this...
float brightenFactor = 1.2f
PlanarImage img=JAI.create("fileload","C:\\aimages\\blue_water.jpg");
BufferedImage image = img.getAsBufferedImage();
RescaleOp op = new RescaleOp(brightenFactor, 0, null);
image = op.filter(image, image);
The float number is a percentage of the brightness. In my example it would increase the brightness to 120% of the existing value (ie. 20% brighter than the original image)
See this link for a similar question...
Adjust brightness and contrast of BufferedImage in Java
See this link for an example application...
http://www.java2s.com/Code/Java/Advanced-Graphics/BrightnessIncreaseDemo.htm

How to get pixel value of Black and White Image?

I making App in netbeans platform using java Swing and JAI. In this i want to do image processing. I capture .tiff black and white image using X-Ray gun. after that i want to plot histogram of that Black and White image. so, for plot to histogram , first we have to get gray or black and white image pixel value. then we can plot histogram using this pixel value.so, how can i get this pixel value of black and white image?
This should work if you use java.awt.image.BufferedImage.
Since you want to create a histogram, I suppose you will loop through all the pixels. There is the method for returning a single pixel value.
int getRGB(int x, int y)
However, since looping will take place I suppose you'd want to use this one:
int[] getRGB(int startX, int startY, int w, int h, int[] rgbArray, int offset, int scansize)
When you get the array, use:
int alpha = (pixels[i] >> 24) & 0x000000FF;
int red = (pixels[i] >> 16) & 0x000000FF;
int green = (pixels[i] >>8 ) & 0x000000FF;
int blue = pixels[i] & 0x000000FF;
To extract the channel data. Not sure if the variables can be declared as byte (we are using only one byte of the integer in the array, although byte is signed and different arithmetic takes place - two's complement form), but you can declare them as short.
Then preform some maths on these values, for example:
int average = (red + green + blue) / 3;
This will return the average for the pixel, giving you a point you can use in a simple luminosity histogram.
EDIT:
Regarding histogram creation, I have used this class. It takes the image you want the histogram of as an argument to its setImage(BufferedImage image) method. Use updateHistogram() for array populating. The drawing data is in paintComponent(Graphics g). I must admit, it is sloppy, especially when calculating the offsets, but it can be easily simplified.
Here is the whole class:
class HistogramCtrl extends JComponent
{
BufferedImage m_image;
int[] m_histogramArray = new int[256]; //What drives our histogram
int m_maximumPixels;
public HistogramCtrl(){
m_maximumPixels = 0;
for(short i = 0; i<256; i++){
m_histogramArray[i] = 0;
}
}
void setImage(BufferedImage image){
m_image = image;
updateHistogram();
repaint();
}
void updateHistogram(){
if(m_image == null) return;
int[] pixels = m_image.getRGB(0, 0, m_image.getWidth(), m_image.getHeight(), null, 0, m_image.getWidth());
short currentValue = 0;
int red,green,blue;
for(int i = 0; i<pixels.length; i++){
red = (pixels[i] >> 16) & 0x000000FF;
green = (pixels[i] >>8 ) & 0x000000FF;
blue = pixels[i] & 0x000000FF;
currentValue = (short)((red + green + blue) / 3); //Current value gives the average //Disregard the alpha
assert(currentValue >= 0 && currentValue <= 255); //Something is awfully wrong if this goes off...
m_histogramArray[currentValue] += 1; //Increment the specific value of the array
}
m_maximumPixels = 0; //We need to have their number in order to scale the histogram properly
for(int i = 0; i < m_histogramArray.length;i++){ //Loop through the elements
if(m_histogramArray[i] > m_maximumPixels){ //And find the bigges value
m_maximumPixels = m_histogramArray[i];
}
}
}
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g){
assert(m_maximumPixels != 0);
Rectangle rect = g.getClipBounds();
Color oldColor = g.getColor();
g.setColor(new Color(210,210,210));
g.fillRect((int)rect.getX(), (int)rect.getY(), (int)rect.getWidth(), (int)rect.getHeight());
g.setColor(oldColor);
String zero = "0";
String thff = "255";
final short ctrlWidth = (short)rect.getWidth();
final short ctrlHeight = (short)rect.getHeight();
final short activeWidth = 256;
final short activeHeight = 200;
final short widthSpacing = (short)((ctrlWidth - activeWidth)/2);
final short heightSpacing = (short)((ctrlHeight - activeHeight)/2);
Point startingPoint = new Point();
final int substraction = -1;
startingPoint.x = widthSpacing-substraction;
startingPoint.y = heightSpacing+activeHeight-substraction;
g.drawString(zero,widthSpacing-substraction - 2,heightSpacing+activeHeight-substraction + 15);
g.drawString(thff,widthSpacing+activeWidth-substraction-12,heightSpacing+activeHeight-substraction + 15);
g.drawLine(startingPoint.x, startingPoint.y, widthSpacing+activeWidth-substraction, heightSpacing+activeHeight-substraction);
g.drawLine(startingPoint.x,startingPoint.y,startingPoint.x,heightSpacing-substraction);
double factorHeight = (double)activeHeight / m_maximumPixels; //The height divided by the number of pixels is the factor of multiplication for the other dots
Point usingPoint = new Point(startingPoint.x,startingPoint.y);
usingPoint.x+=2; //I want to move this two points in order to be able to draw the pixels with value 0 a bit away from the limit
Point tempPoint = new Point();
for(short i = 0; i<256; i++){
tempPoint.x = usingPoint.x;
tempPoint.y = (int)((heightSpacing+activeHeight-substraction) - (m_histogramArray[i] * factorHeight));
if((i!=0 && (i % 20 == 0)) || i == 255){
oldColor = g.getColor();
g.setColor(oldColor.brighter());
//Draw horizontal ruler sections
tempPoint.x = widthSpacing + i;
tempPoint.y = heightSpacing+activeHeight-substraction+4;
g.drawLine(tempPoint.x,tempPoint.y,widthSpacing + i,heightSpacing+activeHeight-substraction-4);
if(i <= 200){
//Draw vertical ruler sections
tempPoint.x = widthSpacing - substraction - 3;
tempPoint.y = heightSpacing+activeHeight-substraction-i;
g.drawLine(tempPoint.x,tempPoint.y,widthSpacing - substraction + 4, heightSpacing+activeHeight-substraction-i);
}
tempPoint.x = usingPoint.x;
tempPoint.y = usingPoint.y;
g.setColor(oldColor);
}
g.drawLine(usingPoint.x, usingPoint.y, tempPoint.x, tempPoint.y);
usingPoint.x++; //Set this to the next point
}
}
}

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