Can I convert this Mysql query to JPA? - java

I'm fairly familiar with SQL but very new to the Java Persistence API. I'm using JPA through the Play Framework.
I have the following MySql query that I'd like to convert to pure JPA code if I can:
SELECT a.id, b.id
FROM Rankable a
INNER JOIN Rankable b on a.id < b.id
WHERE
a.category_id = ? AND b.category_id = ?
AND NOT EXISTS (
SELECT *
FROM Comparison c
WHERE c.lower in (a.id, b.id))
AND NOT EXISTS (
SELECT *
FROM Comparison c
WHERE c.higher IN (a.id, b.id))
ORDER BY a.id * rand()
LIMIT 1;
The purpose of this query is to select two rows from the Rankable table, but ensure that this specific pair is not present in the Comparison table.
What would be the best way to call a somewhat complicated query like this from Play/JPA?

It is possible to do a self join in JPA.
Take a look at this example
from the example
#NamedQuery(name="siblings", query="select distinct sibling1 "
+ "from Deity sibling1, Deity sibling2 where "
+ "sibling1.father = sibling2.father "
+ "and sibling1.mother = sibling2.mother "
+ "and sibling2 = ?1 and sibling1 <> ?1"),

Related

Are these SQL queries equivalent? And which is better or is there a better option?

I am working on a Spring web application that utilizes hibernate to connect to a DB2 database. I am try to optimize a service method that gets called may times during a wed service call by reducing the number of DB queries.
So my question is whether or not this query
SELECT DISTINCT a.* FROM TABLE_A a
LEFT JOIN TABLE_B b ON a.ID = b.FK_ID
LEFT JOIN TABLE_C c ON a.ID = c.FK_ID
LEFT JOIN TABLE_D d ON c.DATA_RQST_ID = d.ID
WHERE (b.REQUEST_ID = 1234 AND b.TYPE = 'TYPE_A')
OR (c.REQUEST_ID = 1234 AND (c.TYPE = 'TYPE_A' OR c.TYPE = 'TYPE_B'))
is equivalent/better then this query
SELECT * FROM TABLE_A a
WHERE a.ID IN
(
SELECT b.FK_ID FROM TABLE_B b
WHERE b.REQUEST_ID = 1234 AND eb.TYPE = 'TYPE_A'
)
OR a.ID IN
(
SELECT c.FK_ID FROM TABLE_C
WHERE ( c.REQUEST_ID = 1234 AND c.TYPE = 'TYPE_A' )
OR
(
c.TYPE = 'TYPE_B' AND c.REQUEST_ID IN
(
SELECT d.ID FROM TABLE_D d
WHERE d.REQUEST_ID = 1234 AND v.TYPE = 'TYPE_A'
)
)
)
or is there a better option?
Both queries seem to run about the same time (<50ms) but that may depend on the resulting data. I would need to test more to know for sure.
The point of these two queries is for one of them to replace three other queries where their resulting data is processed in Java to get the required data.
I will also have to be able to convert the SQL query to HQL. I was struggling to convert the first query.
I have a feeling that I maybe wasting my time since the java objects for tables B and C are a one-to-many relationship in the object for table A and they are load by hibernate anyway. Meaning I may not be saving anytime in the long run. Is my thinking here correct?
Thanks!
If I understand correctly, exists would be the best solution:
SELECT a.*
FROM TABLE_A a
WHERE EXISTS (SELECT 1
FROM TABLE_B b
WHERE a.ID = b.FK_ID AND b.REQUEST_ID = 1234 AND b.TYPE = 'TYPE_A'
) OR
EXISTS (SELECT 1
FROM TABLE_C c JOIN
TABLE_D d
ON c.DATA_RQST_ID = d.ID
WHERE a.ID = c.FK_ID AND
c.REQUEST_ID = 1234 AND
(c.TYPE IN ('TYPE_A', 'TYPE_B'))
);
One big gain is just in removing the select distinct.
Then for performance, you want indexes on table_b(fk_id, request_id, type_id) and table_c(fk_id, request_id, type, DATA_RQST_ID) and table_d(id).

Hibernate createNativeQuery - get more than one Entity

I am using following code to execute native SQL query with hibernate:
Query zonesQuery = session.createNativeQuery(
"Select * \n" +
"FROM dbo.Structure AS S\n" +
"JOIN dbo.StructureLocationType AS SLT ON SLT.StructureId = S.Id\n" +
"WHERE SLT.LocationTypeId = :lc").addEntity(StructureEntity.class);
zonesQuery.setParameter("lc", locationTypeID);
List<StructureEntity> zones = zonesQuery.list();
So it works and it gets me list of StructureEntity
now, because my sql query "join" from StructureLocationType table, is there possibility to get whole StructureLocationType row as well, still using single query?
Thank you.
It can be achieved with the following (notice curly braces in SQL and entities aliases):
Query query = session
.createNativeQuery(
"SELECT {S.*}, {SLT.*} " +
"FROM dbo.Structure AS S " +
"JOIN dbo.StructureLocationType AS SLT ON SLT.StructureId = S.Id " +
"WHERE SLT.LocationTypeId = :lc")
.unwrap(SQLQuery.class)
.addEntity("S", StructureEntity.class)
.addEntity("SLT", StructureLocationTypeEntity.class)
.setParameter("lc", locationTypeID);
List<Pair<StructureEntity, StructureLocationTypeEntity>> result = ((List<Object[]>) query.list())
.stream()
.map(p -> Pair.of((StructureEntity) p[0], (StructureLocationTypeEntity) p[1]))
.collect(Collectors.toList());
You can't get multiple Objects from one query.
But you could either select which columns you want and then iterate the returned Object array:
The query:
SELECT s.id, s.someColumn, slt.id, slt.structureId
FROM dbo.Structure AS s
JOIN dbo.StructureLocationType AS slt on slt.structureId = s.id
WHERE slt.locationTypeId = :lc
Then iterate over the Object array:
List<Object[]> result = query.getResultList();
Or you could create a view on your database and map it to a java entity using the Table annotation like it was a normal table:
#Entity
#Table(name = "STRUCTURE_LOCATION_TYPE_VIEW")
public class StructureAndLocationType {
// ...
}
I thought there is a way to map from a query to an Object without creating a DB view but couldn't find it right now.

Spring jpa native query sorting adding prefix to order by field name

I have problem with sorting.
Repository method:
#Query(nativeQuery = true,
value = "SELECT D.ID as dealerId , D.NAME as dealerName, K.ID as kpiId, " +
"K.NAME as kpiName FROM REGION R, DEALER D, KPI K "
+ "WHERE R.IMPORTER_ID = :importerId "
+ "AND D.REGION_ID = R.ID "
+ "AND K.IMPORTER_ID = :importerId ")
Page<DealersKpiTargets> getDealersKpiTargets(#Param("importerId") Long importerId, Pageable pageable);
Pageable object:
Page request [number: 0, size 20, sort: name: DESC]
Hibernate log:
Hibernate: SELECT D.ID as dealerId , D.NAME as dealerName, K.ID as kpiId, K.NAME as kpiName FROM REGION R, DEALER D, KPI K WHERE R.IMPORTER_ID = ? AND D.REGION_ID = R.ID AND K.IMPORTER_ID = ? order by R.name desc limit ?
I don't understand where R.name prefix came from, in the order by part in Hibernate (towards the end).
For reference, I am using:
spring-data-jpa version 2.0.7.RELEASE
spring-boot-starter-data-jpa version 2.0.2.RELEASE
UPDATE
I have solved this by changing the query from the native query to jpa query and it's working. And I changed cartesian to join version.
#Query("SELECT dealerEntity.id AS dealerId , dealerEntity.name AS dealerName, kpiEntity.id AS kpiId, " +
"kpiEntity.name AS kpiName FROM KpiEntity kpiEntity "
+ "JOIN RegionEntity regionEntity ON regionEntity.importerEntity = kpiEntity.importerEntity "
+ "JOIN DealerEntity dealerEntity ON dealerEntity.importerEntity = regionEntity.importerEntity "
+ "WHERE kpiEntity.importerEntity = :importerEntity ")
Page<DealersKpiTargets> getDealersKpiTargets(#Param("importerEntity") ImporterEntity importerEntity, Pageable pageable);
here is jira ticket with more details which can be key for resolution (https://jira.spring.io/browse/DATAJPA-1613).
QueryUtils.ALIAS_MATCH
(?<=from)(?:\s)+([._[\P\\{Z}&&\P\\{Cc}&&\P\\{Cf}&&\P\\{P}]]+)(?:\sas)*(?:\s)+(?!(?:where|group\s*by|order\s*by))(\w+)
responsible to incorrect alias extraction. The solution for my case was rewrite native query, so it doesn't match the provided regexp.
This may be a little late to answer this question. But thought to share how I got around this issue.
For native queries, it seems like hibernate tries to use the alias of the first table used in the query when it applies the sorting criteria. In your case, the first table alias is R hence you see R.name desc in the query generated by hibernate.
One way to get around this issue is to wrap your query in a select clause and name it as R, like
"SELECT * FROM(SELECT D.ID as dealerId , D.NAME as dealerName, K.ID as kpiId, " +
"K.NAME as kpiName FROM REGION R, DEALER D, KPI K "
+ "WHERE R.IMPORTER_ID = :importerId "
+ "AND D.REGION_ID = R.ID "
+ "AND K.IMPORTER_ID = :importerId ) R"
This way at runtime hibernate would apply the sort criteria on top of your query which corresponds to R now.
It has Sort class for this you can use this maybe. Besides, it is easy to use.
https://docs.spring.io/spring-data/jpa/docs/current/reference/html/#jpa.query-methods.sorting
I faced similar issue especially in case of complex queries where there is ORDER BY with in the query. I was getting syntax error because a , was getting added before ORDER BY.
The way I solved this issue was to create a VIEW with the SELECT query having necessary fields required for result set and WHERE condition (so you can run query with params in WHERE condition against the VIEW). And write native query to SELECT FROM the VIEW
CREATE VIEW my_view AS (// your complex select query with required fields);
#Query("SELECT field1 AS alias1, field2 AS alias2 FROM my_view "
+ "WHERE field3 = :param1 AND field4 = :param2")
Page<MyDto> myFunction(#Param("param1") Long param1, #Param("param1") String param2, Pageable pageable);

Named Query, Native Query or Criteria API

I need to report data from 3 different tables in form of a report.
The various search combinations a user can search with are..
INS_USER_ID and DateRange
CUST_ACCT_ID
CUST_ACCT_ID and DateRange
Query..
select DISTINCT W.CUST_ACCT_ID, W.INS_USER_ID, WS.STTI_DATE, WS.STTI_AMT, WC.CMMT from T_WRK W
INNER JOIN T_WRK_STTI WS ON W.WRK_STTI_ID = WS.WRK_STTI_ID
INNER JOIN T_WRK_CMMT WC ON W.WRK_ID = WC.WRK_ID
WHERE W.CUST_ACCT_ID = 90610194 AND WS.STTI_DATE BETWEEN '01-JAN-12' AND '31-DEC-12'
select DISTINCT W.CUST_ACCT_ID, W.INS_USER_ID, WS.STTI_DATE, WS.STTI_AMT, WC.CMMT from T_WRKCS W
INNER JOIN T_WRKCS_STTI WS ON W.WRKCS_STTI_ID = WS.WRKCS_STTI_ID
INNER JOIN T_WRKCS_CMMT WC ON W.WRKCS_ID = WC.WRKCS_ID
WHERE W.INS_USER_ID = 231 AND WS.STTI_DATE BETWEEN '01-JAN-12' AND '31-DEC-12'
All are existing tables are already mapped using Hibernate/JPA.
I have read enough on the various approaches in google, can someone tell me which one of the following hibernate approaches is best suited for my scenario.
NamedQuery
NativeQuery
Criteria API
I am thinking NamedQuery, but have not seen a NamedQuery spanning across multiple tables, an example would be great. Thank you.
Example
#Entity
#NamedQuery(name="findSalaryForNameAndDepartment",
query="SELECT e.salary " +
"FROM Student e" +
"WHERE e.department.name = :deptName AND " +
" e.name = :empName")
You can as well put there an join to the department table and change the query a little bit
For date use parameters
em.createNamedQuery("xxx").setParameter("srtartDate", ...).setParameter("endDate",..)

How to join two unrelated entities using JPA and Hibernate

I have two tables - one containing Address and another containing Photographs. The only common field between them is the PersonID. These were mapped to two POJO Classes Address and Photo. I was able to fetch details in these tables by creating criteria and adding restrictions on the fields . How should we write a join on the two tables. Is it possible to get the result as two objects -Address and Photo.
I want to do a left join so that i can get records of persons without photos as well.
I have read that this is possible only using hql but Can this be done using criterias as well?
You can easily write HQL query that will return result as two objects using Theta Join (as Adrian noted). Here is an example:
String queryText = "select address, photo from Address address, Photo photo "
+ " where address.personID=photo.personId";
List<Object[]> rows = session.createQuery(queryText).list();
for (Object[] row: rows) {
System.out.println(" ------- ");
System.out.println("Address object: " + row[0]);
System.out.println("Photo object: " + row[1]);
}
As you can see query returns list of Object[] arrays that represents each fetched row. First element of this array will contain one obejct and second element - another.
EDIT:
In case of left join I think you need to use native SQL query (not HQL query). Here how you can do this:
String queryText = "select address.*, photo.* from ADDRESS address
left join PHOTO photo on (address.person_id=photo.person_id)";
List<Object[]> rows = sess.createSQLQuery(queryText)
.addEntity("address", Address.class)
.addEntity("photo", Photo.class)
.list();
This should work for your case.
Basically, you have two options:
Since Hibernate 5.1, you can use ad-hoc joins for unrelated entities.
Tuple postViewCount = entityManager.createQuery(
"select p as post, count(pv) as page_views " +
"from Post p " +
"left join PageView pv on p.slug = pv.slug " +
"where p.title = :title " +
"group by p", Tuple.class)
.setParameter("title", "High-Performance Java Persistence")
.getSingleResult();
Prior to Hibernate 5.1, you could only use theta-style joins. However, a theta-style join is equivalent to an equijoin, hence you can only emulate INNER JOINs not OUTER JOINs.
List<Tuple> postViewCount = entityManager.createQuery(
"select p as post, count(pv) as page_views " +
"from Post p, PageView pv " +
"where p.title = :title and " +
" ( p.slug = pv.slug ) " +
"group by p", Tuple.class)
.setParameter("title", "Presentations")
.getResultList();
Finally after 12 years the Hibernate team has implemented such a feature
From Hibernate docs:
The FROM clause can also contain explicit relationship joins using the join keyword. These joins can be either inner or left outer style joins.
List<Person> persons = entityManager.createQuery(
"select distinct pr " +
"from Person pr " +
"join pr.phones ph " +
"where ph.type = :phoneType", Person.class )
.setParameter( "phoneType", PhoneType.MOBILE )
.getResultList();
List<Person> persons = entityManager.createQuery(
"select distinct pr " +
"from Person pr " +
"left join pr.phones ph " +
"where ph is null " +
" or ph.type = :phoneType", Person.class )
.setParameter( "phoneType", PhoneType.LAND_LINE )
.getResultList();
Or you can use WITH and ON keywords. A remark on those
The important distinction is that in the generated SQL the conditions
of the WITH/ON clause are made part of the ON clause in the generated
SQL, as opposed to the other queries in this section where the
HQL/JPQL conditions are made part of the WHERE clause in the generated
SQL.
Example
List<Object[]> personsAndPhones = session.createQuery(
"select pr.name, ph.number " +
"from Person pr " +
"left join pr.phones ph with ph.type = :phoneType " )
.setParameter( "phoneType", PhoneType.LAND_LINE )
.list();
I am currently eager to try the new feature.
Joining two unrelated entities are possible in Hibernate 5.1.
Eg :
select objA from ObjectA objA
JOIN ObjectB objB on objB.variable = objA.variable
where objA.id = 1
It's best to have a class containing those classes you want to join to have them all together.
But if you are joining these tables just for some occasional purposes, you can use criteria and manually load data from each table and put them together. (and yes, you can have these tables' data separately if for Address and Photo there are two separate classes and tables)
What you are looking for is
HQL
Join on fields that you haven't modeled as relationships
Left Join
(During the time the question was first asked and this answer was given) Hibernate supports Theta Join which allows you to do 1 & 2. However, only inner join is available for theta join style.
Personally I would recommend you to model proper relationships, so you just need 1 & 3 which is well-supported in HQL.
(Another answer actually provided an update on new Hibernate feature that provides such feature, that you may simply refer to)

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