Recursively or iteratively retrieve key-value combinations from a HashMap - java

I want to retrieve k,v-pairs from a HashMap.
The entrys are like this:
a = 3,4
b = 5,6
and so on. I need combinations of these values.
a=3, b=5
a=3, b=6
a=4, b=5
a=4, b=6
I don't know how many keys and how many entrys the values have. With entrySet I can get the values but not combinations. It looks like recursion but how?
Here's my code:
HashMap<String, String[]> map = new HashMap<String, String[]>();
BufferedReader file = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("test.txt"));
String str;
while ((str = file.readLine()) != null) {
// ... logic
map.put(key, value);
}
System.out.println("number of keys: " + map.size());
for (Map.Entry<String, String[]> entry : map.entrySet()) {
for (String value : entry.getValue()) {
System.out.println(entry.getKey() + ": " + value);
}
}
file.close();

You can try the following code:
public void mapPermute(Map<String, String[]> map, String currentPermutation) {
String key = map.keySet().iterator().next(); // get the topmost key
// base case
if (map.size() == 1) {
for (String value : map.get(key)) {
System.out.println(currentPermutation + key + "=" + value);
}
} else {
// recursive case
Map<String, String[]> subMap = new HashMap<String, String[]>(map);
for (String value : subMap.remove(key)) {
mapPermute(subMap, currentPermutation + key + "=" + value + ", ");
}
}
}
No guarantees on memory efficiency or speed. If you want to preserve the order of the keys in the map, you will have to pass in a TreeMap and change the code to use a TreeMap under the recursive case.
As the base case suggests, I'm assuming you have at least one entry in your map.

You can obtain a Cartesian product of map key-value combinations using a map and reduce approach.
Try it online!
Map<String, String[]> map = Map.of(
"a", new String[]{"3", "4"},
"b", new String[]{"5", "6"});
List<Map<String, String>> comb = map.entrySet().stream()
// Stream<List<Map<String,String>>>
.map(e -> Arrays.stream(e.getValue())
.map(v -> Map.of(e.getKey(), v))
.collect(Collectors.toList()))
// summation of pairs of list into a single list
.reduce((list1, list2) -> list1.stream()
// combinations of inner maps
.flatMap(map1 -> list2.stream()
// concatenate into a single map
.map(map2 -> {
Map<String, String> m = new HashMap<>();
m.putAll(map1);
m.putAll(map2);
return m;
}))
// list of combinations
.collect(Collectors.toList()))
// otherwise, an empty list
.orElse(Collections.emptyList());
// output, order may vary
comb.forEach(System.out::println);
Output, order may vary:
{a=3, b=5}
{a=3, b=6}
{a=4, b=5}
{a=4, b=6}
See also: Cartesian product of map values

It looks to me like you really want a MultiMap. In particular, ArrayListMultimap allows duplicate entries:
ArrayListMultimap<String, String> map = ArrayListMultimap.create();
for each line in file:
parse key k
for each value in line:
parse value v
map.put(k, v);
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : map.entries()) {
String key = entry.getKey();
String value = entry.getValue();
}
If you want a cartesian product of maps, you could compute that directly using recursion, or you could iterate over the maps: create a list of iterators and iterate odometer-style; when iterator N reaches its end, advance iterator N+1 and reset iterators 1..N.
Just poked around and found this SO question.
So I'd recommend you use guava's Sets.cartesianProduct for the cartesian product. Here's my poking around code, which you could adapt to your input logic:
String key1 = "a";
Set<Integer> values1 = Sets.newLinkedHashSet(Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3, 4));
String key2 = "b";
Set<Integer> values2 = Sets.newLinkedHashSet(Arrays.asList(5, 6, 7));
String key3 = "c";
Set<Integer> values3 = Sets.newLinkedHashSet(Arrays.asList(8, 9));
List<String> keys = Arrays.asList(key1, key2, key3);
Set<List<Integer>> product = Sets.cartesianProduct(values1, values2, values3);
for (List<Integer> values : product) {
for (int i = 0; i < keys.size(); ++i) {
String key = keys.get(i);
int value = values.get(i);
System.out.print(key + "=" + value + "; ");
}
System.out.println();
}

Related

Printing a Map with a nested Map

I have a Map of the following kind:
HashMap<String, Map<String, Integer>> resultMap = new HashMap<>();
Where String(Key) = Website address;
Map<String,Integer> = String(key) -search word, Integer(value) - counter for found words.
How to print the Map correctly so that it looks like this:
webSite1 - randomWord = 30, randomWord2 = 15, randomWord3 = 0
webSite2 - randomWord = 9, randomWord2 = 8, randomWord3 = 1
Thanks in advance for any ideas!
Map has simple iterator forEach((key, value) -> your_consumer), and the entries in the nested map may be converted into strings joined using Collectors.joining, so printing may be done as follows:
resultMap.forEach((k, v) ->
System.out.println(k + " - " +
v.entrySet().stream()
.map(e -> e.getKey() + "=" + e.getValue())
.collect(Collectors.joining(", "))
);
If I've correctly understood you:
In the outer loop, you should iterate the nested maps (as values),
and in the internal loop(s) you can finally iterate keys and values of the nested map.
HashMap<String, Map<String, Integer>> map = new HashMap<>();
for (Map<String, Integer> nestedMap : map.values())
{
for (String key : nestedMap.keySet()) {
// some actions here
}
for (Integer value : nestedMap.values()) {
// some actions here
}
}

Why map generated during stream operation on list is not in order

input :
RTYUUJKIOO
actul output :
--R--1
--T--1
--U--2
--Y--1
--I--1
--J--1
--K--1
--O--2
expected output :
--R--1
--T--1
--Y--1
--U--2
--J--1
--K--1
--I--1
--O--2
Not sure why during printing order is not maintained.
Logic is below :
static String isValid(String s)
{
boolean validString;
Map<String, Integer> characterFrequencyMap = new HashMap<String, Integer>();
String[] singleLetterStringArray = s.split("");
List<String> singleLetterStringList = Arrays.asList(singleLetterStringArray);
singleLetterStringList.stream().forEachOrdered(l -> {
Integer frequency;
if(characterFrequencyMap.containsKey(l)) {
frequency = characterFrequencyMap.get(l);
characterFrequencyMap.put(l, frequency + 1);
} else {
characterFrequencyMap.put(l, 1);
}
});
Set<String> keys = characterFrequencyMap.keySet();
Iterator<String> keyItr = keys.iterator();
while(keyItr.hasNext()) {
String key = keyItr.next();
System.out.print("--" + key + "--");
System.out.println(characterFrequencyMap.get(key));
}
return s;
}
HashMap doesn't maintain insertion order. If you want to maintain insertion order, use LinkedHashMap:
Map<String, Integer> characterFrequencyMap = new LinkedHashMap<String, Integer>();
BTW, a better way to generate this Map with Streams is using collect():
Map<String,Long> characterFrequencyMap =
singleLetterStringList.stream()
.collect(Collectors.groupingBy (Function.identity (),
LinkedHashMap::new,
Collectors.counting()));
The issue you're facing is that HashMap does not maintain insertion order instead use a LinkedHashMap.
Further, splitting the string into an array then converting it to a list before performing the necessary operations is suboptimal, you could use the chars() method directly on the string and then start performing the necessary operations.
Using the stream API, one could do:
Map<String, Long> resultSet =
s.chars()
.mapToObj(c -> Character.toString((char) c))
.collect(groupingBy(Function.identity(),
LinkedHashMap::new, counting()));

Overwriting values in a HashMap that are in an ArrayList<String>

Let's say I have a HashMap with String keys and Integer values:
map = {cat=1, kid=3, girl=3, adult=2, human=5, dog=2, boy=2}
I want to switch the keys and values by putting this information into another HashMap. I know that a HashMap cannot have duplicate keys, so I tried to put the information into a HashMap with the Integer for the keys that would map to a String ArrayList so that I could potentially have one Integer mapping to multiple Strings:
swap = {1=[cat], 2=[adult, dog, boy], 3=[kid, girl], 5=[human]}
I tried the following code:
HashMap<Integer, ArrayList<String>> swap = new HashMap<Integer, ArrayList<String>>();
for (String x : map.keySet()) {
for (int i = 0; i <= 5; i++) {
ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
if (i == map.get(x)) {
list.add(x);
swap.put(i, list);
}
}
}
The only difference in my code is that I didn't hard code the number 5 into my index; I have a method that finds the highest integer value in the original HashMap and used that. I know it works correctly because I get the same output even if I hard code the 5 in there, I just didn't include it to save space.
My goal here is to be able to do this 'reversal' with any set of data, otherwise I could just hard code the value. The output I get from the above code is this:
swap = {1=[cat], 2=[boy], 3=[girl], 5=[human]}
As you can see, my problem is that the value ArrayList is only keeping the last String that was put into it, instead of collecting all of them. How can I make the ArrayList store each String, rather than just the last String?
With Java 8, you can do the following:
Map<String, Integer> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("cat", 1);
map.put("kid", 3);
map.put("girl", 3);
map.put("adult", 2);
map.put("human", 5);
map.put("dog", 2);
map.put("boy", 2);
Map<Integer, List<String>> newMap = map.keySet()
.stream()
.collect(Collectors.groupingBy(map::get));
System.out.println(newMap);
The output will be:
{1=[cat], 2=[adult, dog, boy], 3=[kid, girl], 5=[human]}
you are recreating the arrayList for every iteration and i can't figure out a way to do it with that logic, here is a good way though and without the need to check for the max integer:
for (Map.Entry<String, Integer> entry : map.entrySet()) {
String key = entry.getKey();
Integer value = entry.getValue();
List<String> get = swap.get(value);
if (get == null) {
get = new ArrayList<>();
swap.put(value, get);
}
get.add(key);
}
Best way is to iterate over the key set of the original map.
Also you have to asure that the List is present for any key in the target map:
for (Map.Entry<String,Integer> inputEntry : map.entrySet())
swap.computeIfAbsent(inputEntry.getValue(),()->new ArrayList<>()).add(inputEntry.getKey());
This is obviously not the best solution, but approaches the problem the same way you did by interchanging inner and outer loops as shown below.
Map<String, Integer> map = new HashMap<String, Integer>();
map.put("cat", 1);
map.put("kid", 3);
map.put("girl", 3);
map.put("adult", 2);
map.put("human", 5);
map.put("dog", 2);
map.put("boy", 2);
HashMap<Integer, ArrayList<String>> swap = new HashMap<Integer, ArrayList<String>>();
for (Integer value = 0; value <= 5; value++) {
ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
for (String key : map.keySet()) {
if (map.get(key) == value) {
list.add(key);
}
}
if (map.containsValue(value)) {
swap.put(value, list);
}
}
Output
{1=[cat], 2=[adult, dog, boy], 3=[kid, girl], 5=[human]}
Best way I can think of is using Map.forEach method on existing map and Map.computeIfAbsent method on new map:
Map<Integer, List<String>> swap = new HashMap<>();
map.forEach((k, v) -> swap.computeIfAbsent(v, k -> new ArrayList<>()).add(k));
As a side note, you can use the diamond operator <> to create your new map (there's no need to repeat the type of the key and value when invoking the map's constructor, as the compiler will infer them).
As a second side note, it's good practice to use interface types instead of concrete types, both for generic parameter types and for actual types. This is why I've used List and Map instead of ArrayList and HashMap, respectively.
Using groupingBy like in Jacob's answer but with Map.entrySet for better performance, as suggested by Boris:
// import static java.util.stream.Collectors.*
Map<Integer, List<String>> swap = map.entrySet()
.stream()
.collect(groupingBy(Entry::getValue, mapping(Entry::getKey, toList())));
This uses two more methods of Collectors: mapping and toList.
If it wasn't for these two helper functions, the solution could look like this:
Map<Integer, List<String>> swap = map.entrySet()
.stream()
.collect(
groupingBy(
Entry::getValue,
Collector.of(
ArrayList::new,
(list, e) -> {
list.add(e.getKey());
},
(left, right) -> { // only needed for parallel streams
left.addAll(right);
return left;
}
)
)
);
Or, using toMap instead of groupingBy:
Map<Integer, List<String>> swap = map.entrySet()
.stream()
.collect(
toMap(
Entry::getValue,
(e) -> new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(e.getKey())),
(left, right) -> {
left.addAll(right);
return left;
}
)
);
It seams you override the values instrad of adding them to the already creared arraylist. Try this:
HashMap<Integer, ArrayList<String>> swapedMap = new HashMap<Integer, ArrayList<String>>();
for (String key : map.keySet()) {
Integer swappedKey = map.get(key);
ArrayList<String> a = swapedMap.get(swappedKey);
if (a == null) {
a = new ArrayList<String>();
swapedMap.put(swappedKey, a)
}
a.add(key);
}
I didn't have time to run it (sorry, don't have Java compiler now), but should be almost ok :)
You could use the new merge method in java-8 from Map:
Map<Integer, List<String>> newMap = new HashMap<>();
map.forEach((key, value) -> {
List<String> values = new ArrayList<>();
values.add(key);
newMap.merge(value, values, (left, right) -> {
left.addAll(right);
return left;
});
});

Counting same Strings from Array in Java

How can I count the same Strings from an array and write them out in the console?
The order of the items should correspond to the order of the first appearance of the item. If there are are two or more items of a kind, add an "s" to the item name.
String[] array = {"Apple","Banana","Apple","Peanut","Banana","Orange","Apple","Peanut"};
Output:
3 Apples
2 Bananas
2 Peanuts
1 Orange
I tried this:
String[] input = new String[1000];
Scanner sIn = new Scanner(System.in);
int counter =0;
String inputString = "start";
while(inputString.equals("stop")==false){
inputString = sIn.nextLine();
input[counter]=inputString;
counter++;
}
List<String> asList = Arrays.asList(input);
Map<String, Integer> map = new HashMap<String, Integer>();
for (String s : input) {
map.put(s, Collections.frequency(asList, s));
}
System.out.println(map);
But I don't know how to get the elements out of the Map and sort them like I would like.
You can use a Map to put your result, here is a simple example:
public static void main(String args[]){
String[] array = {"Apple","Banana","Apple","Peanut","Banana","Orange","Apple","Peanut"};
Map<String, Integer> result = new HashMap<>();
for(String s : array){
if(result.containsKey(s)){
//if the map contain this key then just increment your count
result.put(s, result.get(s)+1);
}else{
//else just create a new node with 1
result.put(s, 1);
}
}
System.out.println(result);
}
Use Java streams groupingBy and collect the results into a Map<String, Long> as shown below:
String[] array = {"Apple","Banana","Apple","Peanut","Banana","Orange","Apple", "Peanut"};
Map<String, Long> map = Stream.of(array).collect(Collectors.
groupingBy(Function.identity(), //use groupingBy array element
Collectors.counting())); //count number of occurances
System.out.println(map);//output the results of the Map
Java 8 would allow a pretty elegant way of doing this with groupingBy and counting. Using a LinkedHashMap instead of the default map should handle the ordering:
Arrays.stream(array)
.collect(Collectors.groupingBy(Function.identity(),
LinkedHashMap::new,
Collectors.counting()))
.entrySet()
.forEach(e -> System.out.println(e.getValue() +
"\t" +
e.getKey() +
(e.getValue() > 1 ? "s" : "")));
use java 8
Map<String, Long> myMap = Stream.of(array).collect(Collectors.groupingBy(Function.identity(), Collectors.counting()));

HashMap, return key and value as a list

I have an homework to do, so I have finished the script but the problem is with the values.
The main code is (I cannot change it due to homework) :
List<String> result = cw.getResult();
for (String wordRes : result) {
System.out.println(wordRes);
}
It have to return:
abc 2
def 2
ghi 1
I have no idea how to handle that.
Now only shows:
abc
def
ghi
I have no idea how to change this method getResult to return with the value of the hashmap as well without changing the first main code.
public List<String> getResult() {
List<String> keyList = new ArrayList<String>(list.keySet());
return keyList;
}
The hashmap is: {abc=2, def=2, ghi=1}
And list: Map<String, Integer> list = new HashMap<String, Integer>();
Please help me if you know any resolution.
I think that now that you have learned about keySet and valueSet, your next task is to learn about entrySet. That's a collection of Map.Entry<K,V> items, which are in turn composed of the key and the value.
That's precisely what you need to complete your task - simply iterate over the entrySet of your Map while adding a concatenation of the value and the key to your result list:
result.add(entry.getKey() + " " + entry.getValue());
Note that if you use a regular HashMap, the items in the result would not be arranged in any particular order.
You need to change this line:
List<String> keyList = new ArrayList<String>(list.keySet());
to:
//first create the new List
List<String> keyList = new List<String>();
//iterate through the map and insert the key + ' ' + value as text
foreach(string item in list.keySet())
{
keyList.add(item+' '+list[item]);
}
return keyList;
I haven't written java in a while so compiler errors might appear, but the idea should work
Well simplest way make an ArrayList and add as #dasblinkenlight said...
Iterator<?> it = list.entrySet().iterator();
while (it.hasNext()) {
#SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
Map.Entry maps = (Map.Entry) it.next();
lista.add(maps.getKey() + " " + maps.getValue());
}
}
public List<String> getResult() {
List<String> temp = lista;
return temp;
}
If you want to iterate over map entries in order of keys, use an ordered map:
Map<String, Integer> map = new TreeMap<String, Integer>();
Then add your entries, and to print:
for (Map.Entry<String, Ibteger> entry : map.entrySet()) {
System.out.println(entry.getKey() + " " + entry.getValue());
}

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