loading a class from out of classpath by using Java Reflection - java

I want to load class from that is not in class path.
is there any way that I load class by file path without being in classpath ?
for example
ClassLoader.load("c:\MyClass.class");

Example taken from here:
// Create a File object on the root of the directory containing the class file
File file = new File("c:\\myclasses\\");
try {
// Convert File to a URL
URL url = file.toURL(); // file:/c:/myclasses/
URL[] urls = new URL[]{url};
// Create a new class loader with the directory
ClassLoader cl = new URLClassLoader(urls);
// Load in the class; MyClass.class should be located in
// the directory file:/c:/myclasses/com/mycompany
Class cls = cl.loadClass("com.mycompany.MyClass");
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
}

Load your class content into a byte array and use ClassLoader.html#defineClass(java.lang.String, byte[], int, int) manually.

Related

Can't find resource outside the jar

I am trying to read properties which is located external to the jar file of my code.using ResourceBundle but its unable to read the property file locations.properties. The property file is located under resource folder and both jar and resource folder are under same directory.
myDir
--> myJar.jar
--> resource
-->locations.properties
I don't know whats wrong with my code below:
public static ResourceBundle getResourceBundle(String fileName) throws MalformedURLException{
if (resourceBundle == null) {
File file = new File("resource/"+fileName);
URL[] urls = { file.toURI().toURL() };
ClassLoader loader = new URLClassLoader(urls);
resourceBundle = ResourceBundle.getBundle(fileName, Locale.getDefault(), loader);
}
return resourceBundle;
}
And this is how am invoking ResourceBundle object:
ResourceBundle locationBundle = null;
try {
locationBundle = ReadPropertyUtil.getResourceBundle(propFileName);
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
Please guide whats wrong with this code and whats the correct way of reading an external properties file.
Get Jar file path.
Get Parent folder of that file.
Use that path in InputStreamPath with your properties file name.
Properties prop = new Properties();
try {
File jarPath=new File(YourClassNameInJar.class.getProtectionDomain().getCodeSource().getLocation().getPath());
String propertiesPath=jarPath.getParentFile().getAbsolutePath();
System.out.println(" propertiesPath-"+propertiesPath);
prop.load(new FileInputStream(propertiesPath+"/resource/locations.properties"));
} catch (IOException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
Well, I figured out the error myself. I was appending the fileName to the directory location File file = new File("resource/"+fileName); which was wrong.
All I had to do was to first get the present working directory name using
System.getProperties("user.dir") //this gives me the path of my current directory
and passing only the directory name to file object.
File file = new File("resource/");
And then load the bundle using the specified file name.
resourceBundle = ResourceBundle.getBundle(fileName, Locale.getDefault(), loader);
ResourceBundle automatically looks into the directory and loads the file specified by the fileName

Reading Properties file inside conf folder

I have a properties file which is located under conf folder. conf folder is under the project root directory. I am using the following code.
public class PropertiesTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
InputStream inputStream = PropertiesTest.class
.getResourceAsStream("/conf/sampleprop.conf");
Properties prop = new Properties();
try {
prop.load(inputStream);
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(prop.getProperty("TEST"));
}
}
But I get nullpointer exception.
I have tried using
InputStream inputStream = PropertiesTest.class
.getResourceAsStream("./conf/sampleprop.conf");
and
InputStream inputStream = PropertiesTest.class
.getResourceAsStream("conf/sampleprop.conf");
But all result in nullpointer exception.
Can anyone please help.
Thanks in advance
Try to recover your working directory first:
String workingDir = System.getProperty("user.dir");
System.out.println("Current working dir: " + workingDir);
and then is simple:
Properties propertiesFile = new Properties();
propertiesFile.load(new FileInputStream(workingDir+ "/yourFilePath"));
String first= propertiesFile.getProperty("myprop.first");
Regards, fabio
The getResourceAsStream() method tries to locate and load the resource using the ClassLoader of the class it is called on. Ideally it can locate the files only the class folders .. Rather you could use FileInputStream with relative path.
EDIT
if the conf folder is under src, then you still be able to access with getResourceAsStream()
InputStream inputStream = Test.class
.getResourceAsStream("../conf/sampleprop.conf");
the path would be relative to the class from you invoke getRes.. method.
If not
try {
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("conf/sampleprop.conf");
Properties prop = new Properties();
prop.load(fis);
System.out.println(prop.getProperty("TEST"));
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
NOTE: this will only work if it is Stand alone application/in eclipse. This will not work if its web based (as the root will be Tomcat/bin, for eg)
I would suggest to copy the configuration file at designated place, then you can acess at ease. At certain extent 'System.getProperty("user.dir")' can be used if you are always copying the file 'tomcat` root or application root. But if the files to be used by external party, ideal to copy in a configurable folder (C:\appconf)
Your code works like a charm! But you might have to add the project root dir to your classpath.
If you work with Maven, place your configuration in src/main/resources/conf/sampleprop.conf
When invoking java directly add the project root dir with the java -classpath parameter. Something like:
java -classpath /my/classes/dir:/my/project/root/dir my.Main

ClassLoader in web container

For stand-alone java application I can use the following codes to load jar lib dynamically during the runtime based on the library path. It seems not working if I deploy same codes in Java Web container and run as a servlet. I actually want to be able to load the different jar libs based on the jar lib path in servlet request.
It means that single servlet will have to be able to load different jar libs dynamically during runtime and run onward biz logic
user1 might request to load jar files under /tmp/lib/v1.0/.jar
user2 might request to load jar files under /tmp/lib/v1.1/.jar
(The jar files in v1.0 and v1.1 got the exactly same class names)
Thanks!!!
=== Main =============
LibraryLoader loader = new LibraryLoader();
loader.addClassPath(<jar lib root path>);
// below will run biz logic
=== LibraryLoader.java ==========
public class LibraryLoader {
URLClassLoader urlClassLoader;
public LibraryLoader() {
urlClassLoader = (URLClassLoader) ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader();
}
public void addClassPath(String jarLibPath) throws Exception {
Class urlClass = URLClassLoader.class;
File jarPath = new File(jarLibPath);
FileFilter jarFilter = new FileFilter() {
public boolean accept(File f) {
if (f.isDirectory())
return true;
String name = f.getName().toLowerCase();
return name.endsWith("jar");
}
};
File[] files = jarPath.listFiles(jarFilter);
for (File file : files) {
if (file.isFile()) {
URI uriPath = file.toURI();
URL urlPath = uriPath.toURL();
Method method = urlClass.getDeclaredMethod("addURL", new Class[] { URL.class });
method.setAccessible(true);
method.invoke(urlClassLoader, new Object[] { urlPath });
System.out.println(file.getCanonicalPath());
} else {
addClassPath(file.getCanonicalPath());
}
}
}
}
that's not what you want to do. even in your stand-alone program, this won't really work (as you could be pushing multiple versions of the same jar into the main classloader). what you want to do is create a new classloader containing the new jars, then invoke some class in the new classloader.
e.g.:
// get relevant jar urls
URL[] urls = ...;
ClassLoader oldLoader = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
try {
URLClassLoader loader = new URLClassLoader(urls);
Thread.currentThread().setContextClassLoader(loader);
Class<?> entryClass = loader.loadClass("entry.class.name");
// do something here w/ entryClass (e.g. instantiate it) ...
} finally {
Thread.currentThread().setContextClassLoader(oldLoader);
}
of course, you probably want to cache these classloaders and re-use them on subsequent requests.
of course, i'm not sure why you don't just deploy multiple versions of the servlet with the different versioned jars (since you indicate that the version is part of the servlet path).
You should create different classloader for different users and set to the Current Thread.
ClassLoader ctxLoader = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
ClassLoader currentLoader;
if(user1){
//initialize classloader with jar files under /tmp/lib/v1.0/.jar
currentLoader = user1ClassLoader;
} else if(user2){
//initialize classloader with jar files under /tmp/lib/v1.1/.jar
currentLoader = user2ClassLoader;
}
Thread.currentThread().setContextClassLoader(currentLoader );
//invoke business logic
//reset the actual loader
Thread.currentThread().setContextClassLoader(ctxLoader );

Class loading Exception in java reflection

I have selected a jar file using file selector, then loaded all the classes in the jar file using java reflection. Some classes has dependency on another jar file.
But when I try to get method of class then following exception is thrown because this class has a import statement import com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream; and XStream class is defined in another jar file.
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: com/thoughtworks/xstream/io/HierarchicalStreamDriver
at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method)
at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Class.java:2365)
at java.lang.Class.privateGetPublicMethods(Class.java:2488)
at java.lang.Class.getMethods(Class.java:1406)
at com.axway.xtp.testgenerator.templatewizard.MethodSelectionWizardUI.updateListofMethods(MethodSelectionWizardUI.java:744)
at com.axway.xtp.testgenerator.templatewizard.MethodSelectionWizardUI$7.widgetSelected(MethodSelectionWizardUI.java:474)
at org.eclipse.swt.widgets.TypedListener.handleEvent(TypedListener.java:90)
at org.eclipse.swt.widgets.EventTable.sendEvent(EventTable.java:66)
at org.eclipse.swt.widgets.Widget.sendEvent(Widget.java:928)
I wanted to know that is there any way to prevent the dependency class or jar file to be loaded using java reflection. Following are the piece of code I am using to load classes.
URLClassLoader ucl = new URLClassLoader(new URL[] { new URL("file:" + codeRepository) });
JarFile jarFile = new JarFile(new File(codeRepository));
Enumeration enm = jarFile.entries();
while (enm.hasMoreElements()) {
JarEntry entry = ((JarEntry) enm.nextElement());
if (entry.getName().endsWith(".class")) {
String fullClassNameWithPath = entry.getName();
String fullyClassifiedClassName = fullClassNameWithPath
.replace('/', '.');
try {
Class c = ucl.loadClass(fullyClassifiedClassName.substring(
0, fullyClassifiedClassName.indexOf(".class")));
String className = c.getPackage().getName() + "."
+ c.getSimpleName();
listClasses.add(className);
} catch (Exception e) {
continue;
} catch (Throwable t) {
continue;
}
}
}
Well, if your application depends on that class, you most definitely need to have the jar containing it (or provide an alternative path containing the package+class) on the classpath.
As part of the classloading process, any classes which the class you want to load depends upon will also be loaded.
I don't think there's anything you can do about that.

How can I test a .class file was created?

I want to unit test my code which will have to create a .java file compile it and then the corresponding .class file should be created.
How can I create the test to see if the ".class" file is created? I have added test already for its existence, now I'm trying to test the file is a valid class file.
I tried
try {
Class.forName("Hello");
throw AssertError();
} catch( ClassNotFoundException e ) {
}
program.createClass();
Class.forName("Hello");
But I don't really know how to dynamically add the path where the file is created to the classpath.
EDIT
URL Class loaded does the work.
This is how my test looks like now.
#Test
void testHello() throws MalformedURLException, ClassNotFoundException {
URL[] url = {
new URL("file:/home/oreyes/testwork/")
};
try {
new URLClassLoader(url).loadClass("Hello");
throw new AssertionError("Should've thrown ClassNotFoundException");
} catch ( ClassNotFoundException cnfe ){
}
c.process();
new URLClassLoader(url).loadClass("Hello");
}
Use a new instance of an URLClassLoader, pointing to the root folder where you created the target class file. Then, use the Class.forName(String,ClassLoader); method with the dynamically created URLClassLoader to load the new class.
To show that it works, the following test case will create a source file, write some Java code in there and compile it using the Java 6 ToolProvider interfaces. Then, it will dynamically load the class using an URLClassLoader and invoke a reflective call to its class name to verify it's really this class which has been generated on the fly.
#Test
public void testUrlClassLoader() throws Exception {
Random random = new Random();
String newClassName = "Foo" + random.nextInt(1000);
JavaCompiler compiler = ToolProvider.getSystemJavaCompiler();
StandardJavaFileManager fileManager = compiler.getStandardFileManager(null, null, null);
List<File> files = new ArrayList<File>();
File sourceFolder = new File(".");
File sourceFile = new File(sourceFolder, newClassName + ".java");
FileWriter fileWriter = new FileWriter(sourceFile);
fileWriter.write("public class " + newClassName + " { { System.out.println(\""
+ newClassName + " loaded\"); }}");
fileWriter.close();
files.add(sourceFile);
Iterable<? extends JavaFileObject> compilationUnits1 = fileManager
.getJavaFileObjectsFromFiles(files);
compiler.getTask(null, fileManager, null, null, null, compilationUnits1).call();
fileManager.close();
URL url = sourceFolder.toURI().toURL();
URLClassLoader urlClassLoader = new URLClassLoader(new URL[] { url });
Object newInstance = urlClassLoader.loadClass(newClassName).newInstance();
assertEquals(newClassName, newInstance.getClass().getName());
}
Instead of loading the class in order to verify it, you could shell out to a command like "file Hello.class" to see if it reports that it's a java class file, or even spawn a sub-process of java to load the class outside of your test JVM.

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