Sometimes, when using <h:commandLink>, <h:commandButton> or <f:ajax>, the action, actionListener or listener method associated with the tag are simply not being invoked. Or, the bean properties are not updated with submitted UIInput values.
What are the possible causes and solutions for this?
Introduction
Whenever an UICommand component (<h:commandXxx>, <p:commandXxx>, etc) fails to invoke the associated action method, or an UIInput component (<h:inputXxx>, <p:inputXxxx>, etc) fails to process the submitted values and/or update the model values, and you aren't seeing any googlable exceptions and/or warnings in the server log, also not when you configure an ajax exception handler as per Exception handling in JSF ajax requests, nor when you set below context parameter in web.xml,
<context-param>
<param-name>javax.faces.PROJECT_STAGE</param-name>
<param-value>Development</param-value>
</context-param>
and you are also not seeing any googlable errors and/or warnings in browser's JavaScript console (press F12 in Chrome/Firefox23+/IE9+ to open the web developer toolset and then open the Console tab), then work through below list of possible causes.
Possible causes
UICommand and UIInput components must be placed inside an UIForm component, e.g. <h:form> (and thus not plain HTML <form>), otherwise nothing can be sent to the server. UICommand components must also not have type="button" attribute, otherwise it will be a dead button which is only useful for JavaScript onclick. See also How to send form input values and invoke a method in JSF bean and <h:commandButton> does not initiate a postback.
You cannot nest multiple UIForm components in each other. This is illegal in HTML. The browser behavior is unspecified. Watch out with include files! You can use UIForm components in parallel, but they won't process each other during submit. You should also watch out with "God Form" antipattern; make sure that you don't unintentionally process/validate all other (invisible) inputs in the very same form (e.g. having a hidden dialog with required inputs in the very same form). See also How to use <h:form> in JSF page? Single form? Multiple forms? Nested forms?.
No UIInput value validation/conversion error should have occurred. You can use <h:messages> to show any messages which are not shown by any input-specific <h:message> components. Don't forget to include the id of <h:messages> in the <f:ajax render>, if any, so that it will be updated as well on ajax requests. See also h:messages does not display messages when p:commandButton is pressed.
If UICommand or UIInput components are placed inside an iterating component like <h:dataTable>, <ui:repeat>, etc, then you need to ensure that exactly the same value of the iterating component is been preserved during the apply request values phase of the form submit request. JSF will reiterate over it to find the clicked link/button and submitted input values. Putting the bean in the view scope and/or making sure that you load the data model in #PostConstruct of the bean (and thus not in a getter method!) should fix it. See also How and when should I load the model from database for h:dataTable.
If UICommand or UIInput components are included by a dynamic source such as <ui:include src="#{bean.include}">, then you need to ensure that exactly the same #{bean.include} value is preserved during the view build time of the form submit request. JSF will reexecute it during building the component tree. Putting the bean in the view scope and/or making sure that you load the data model in #PostConstruct of the bean (and thus not in a getter method!) should fix it. See also How to ajax-refresh dynamic include content by navigation menu? (JSF SPA).
The rendered attribute of the component and all of its parents and the test attribute of any parent <c:if>/<c:when> should not evaluate to false during the apply request values phase of the form submit request. JSF will recheck it as part of safeguard against tampered/hacked requests. Storing the variables responsible for the condition in a #ViewScoped bean or making sure that you're properly preinitializing the condition in #PostConstruct of a #RequestScoped bean should fix it. The same applies to the disabled and readonly attributes of the component, which should not evaluate to true during apply request values phase. See also JSF CommandButton action not invoked, Form submit in conditionally rendered component is not processed, h:commandButton is not working once I wrap it in a <h:panelGroup rendered> and Force JSF to process, validate and update readonly/disabled input components anyway
The onclick attribute of the UICommand component and the onsubmit attribute of the UIForm component should not return false or cause a JavaScript error. There should in case of <h:commandLink> or <f:ajax> also be no JS errors visible in the browser's JS console. Usually googling the exact error message will already give you the answer. See also Manually adding / loading jQuery with PrimeFaces results in Uncaught TypeErrors.
If you're using Ajax via JSF 2.x <f:ajax> or e.g. PrimeFaces <p:commandXxx>, make sure that you have a <h:head> in the master template instead of the <head>. Otherwise JSF won't be able to auto-include the necessary JavaScript files which contains the Ajax functions. This would result in a JavaScript error like "mojarra is not defined" or "PrimeFaces is not defined" in browser's JS console. See also h:commandLink actionlistener is not invoked when used with f:ajax and ui:repeat.
If you're using Ajax, and the submitted values end up being null, then make sure that the UIInput and UICommand components of interest are covered by the <f:ajax execute> or e.g. <p:commandXxx process>, otherwise they won't be executed/processed. See also Submitted form values not updated in model when adding <f:ajax> to <h:commandButton> and Understanding PrimeFaces process/update and JSF f:ajax execute/render attributes.
If the submitted values still end up being null, and you're using CDI to manage beans, then make sure that you import the scope annotation from the correct package, else CDI will default to #Dependent which effectively recreates the bean on every single evaluation of the EL expression. See also #SessionScoped bean looses scope and gets recreated all the time, fields become null and What is the default Managed Bean Scope in a JSF 2 application?
If a parent of the <h:form> with the UICommand button is beforehand been rendered/updated by an ajax request coming from another form in the same page, then the first action will always fail in JSF 2.2 or older. The second and subsequent actions will work. This is caused by a bug in view state handling which is reported as JSF spec issue 790 and currently fixed in JSF 2.3. For older JSF versions, you need to explicitly specify the ID of the <h:form> in the render of the <f:ajax>. See also h:commandButton/h:commandLink does not work on first click, works only on second click.
If the <h:form> has enctype="multipart/form-data" set in order to support file uploading, then you need to make sure that you're using at least JSF 2.2, or that the servlet filter who is responsible for parsing multipart/form-data requests is properly configured, otherwise the FacesServlet will end up getting no request parameters at all and thus not be able to apply the request values. How to configure such a filter depends on the file upload component being used. For Tomahawk <t:inputFileUpload>, check this answer and for PrimeFaces <p:fileUpload>, check this answer. Or, if you're actually not uploading a file at all, then remove the attribute altogether.
Make sure that the ActionEvent argument of actionListener is an javax.faces.event.ActionEvent and thus not java.awt.event.ActionEvent, which is what most IDEs suggest as 1st autocomplete option. Having no argument is wrong as well if you use actionListener="#{bean.method}". If you don't want an argument in your method, use actionListener="#{bean.method()}". Or perhaps you actually want to use action instead of actionListener. See also Differences between action and actionListener.
Make sure that no PhaseListener or any EventListener in the request-response chain has changed the JSF lifecycle to skip the invoke action phase by for example calling FacesContext#renderResponse() or FacesContext#responseComplete().
Make sure that no Filter or Servlet in the same request-response chain has blocked the request fo the FacesServlet somehow. For example, login/security filters such as Spring Security. Particularly in ajax requests that would by default end up with no UI feedback at all. See also Spring Security 4 and PrimeFaces 5 AJAX request handling.
If you are using a PrimeFaces <p:dialog> or a <p:overlayPanel>, then make sure that they have their own <h:form>. Because, these components are by default by JavaScript relocated to end of HTML <body>. So, if they were originally sitting inside a <form>, then they would now not anymore sit in a <form>. See also p:commandbutton action doesn't work inside p:dialog
Bug in the framework. For example, RichFaces has a "conversion error" when using a rich:calendar UI element with a defaultLabel attribute (or, in some cases, a rich:placeholder sub-element). This bug prevents the bean method from being invoked when no value is set for the calendar date. Tracing framework bugs can be accomplished by starting with a simple working example and building the page back up until the bug is discovered.
Debugging hints
In case you still stucks, it's time to debug. In the client side, press F12 in webbrowser to open the web developer toolset. Click the Console tab so see the JavaScript conosle. It should be free of any JavaScript errors. Below screenshot is an example from Chrome which demonstrates the case of submitting an <f:ajax> enabled button while not having <h:head> declared (as described in point 7 above).
Click the Network tab to see the HTTP traffic monitor. Submit the form and investigate if the request headers and form data and the response body are as per expectations. Below screenshot is an example from Chrome which demonstrates a successful ajax submit of a simple form with a single <h:inputText> and a single <h:commandButton> with <f:ajax execute="#form" render="#form">.
(warning: when you post screenshots from HTTP request headers like above from a production environment, then make sure you scramble/obfuscate any session cookies in the screenshot to avoid session hijacking attacks!)
In the server side, make sure that server is started in debug mode. Put a debug breakpoint in a method of the JSF component of interest which you expect to be called during processing the form submit. E.g. in case of UICommand component, that would be UICommand#queueEvent() and in case of UIInput component, that would be UIInput#validate(). Just step through the code execution and inspect if the flow and variables are as per expectations. Below screenshot is an example from Eclipse's debugger.
If your h:commandLink is inside a h:dataTable there is another reason why the h:commandLink might not work:
The underlying data-source which is bound to the h:dataTable must also be available in the second JSF-Lifecycle that is triggered when the link is clicked.
So if the underlying data-source is request scoped, the h:commandLink does not work!
While my answer isn't 100% applicable, but most search engines find this as the first hit, I decided to post it nontheless:
If you're using PrimeFaces (or some similar API) p:commandButton or p:commandLink, chances are that you have forgotten to explicitly add process="#this" to your command components.
As the PrimeFaces User's Guide states in section 3.18, the defaults for process and update are both #form, which pretty much opposes the defaults you might expect from plain JSF f:ajax or RichFaces, which are execute="#this" and render="#none" respectively.
Just took me a looong time to find out. (... and I think it's rather unclever to use defaults that are different from JSF!)
I would mention one more thing that concerns Primefaces's p:commandButton!
When you use a p:commandButton for the action that needs to be done on the server, you can not use type="button" because that is for Push buttons which are used to execute custom javascript without causing an ajax/non-ajax request to the server.
For this purpose, you can dispense the type attribute (default value is "submit") or you can explicitly use type="submit".
Hope this will help someone!
Got stuck with this issue myself and found one more cause for this problem.
If you don't have setter methods in your backing bean for the properties used in your *.xhtml , then the action is simply not invoked.
I recently ran into a problem with a UICommand not invoking in a JSF 1.2 application using IBM Extended Faces Components.
I had a command button on a row of a datatable (the extended version, so <hx:datatable>) and the UICommand would not fire from certain rows from the table (the rows that would not fire were the rows greater than the default row display size).
I had a drop-down component for selecting number of rows to display. The value backing this field was in RequestScope. The data backing the table itself was in a sort of ViewScope (in reality, temporarily in SessionScope).
If the row display was increased via the control which value was also bound to the datatable's rows attribute, none of the rows displayed as a result of this change could fire the UICommand when clicked.
Placing this attribute in the same scope as the table data itself fixed the problem.
I think this is alluded to in BalusC #4 above, but not only did the table value need to be View or Session scoped but also the attribute controlling the number of rows to display on that table.
I had this problem as well and only really started to hone in on the root cause after opening up the browser's web console. Until that, I was unable to get any error messages (even with <p:messages>). The web console showed an HTTP 405 status code coming back from the <h:commandButton type="submit" action="#{myBean.submit}">.
In my case, I have a mix of vanilla HttpServlet's providing OAuth authentication via Auth0 and JSF facelets and beans carrying out my application views and business logic.
Once I refactored my web.xml, and removed a middle-man-servlet, it then "magically" worked.
Bottom line, the problem was that the middle-man-servlet was using RequestDispatcher.forward(...) to redirect from the HttpServlet environment to the JSF environment whereas the servlet being called prior to it was redirecting with HttpServletResponse.sendRedirect(...).
Basically, using sendRedirect() allowed the JSF "container" to take control whereas RequestDispatcher.forward() was obviously not.
What I don't know is why the facelet was able to access the bean properties but could not set them, and this clearly screams for doing away with the mix of servlets and JSF, but I hope this helps someone avoid many hours of head-to-table-banging.
I had lots of fun debugging an issue where a <h:commandLink>'s action in richfaces datatable refused to fire. The table used to work at some point but stopped for no apparent reason. I left no stone unturned, only to find out that my rich:datatable was using the wrong rowKeyConverter which returned nulls that richfaces happily used as row keys. This prevented my <h:commandLink> action from getting called.
One more possibility: if the symptom is that the first invocation works, but subsequent ones do not, you may be using PrimeFaces 3.x with JSF 2.2, as detailed here: No ViewState is sent.
I fixed my problem with placing the:
<h:commandButton class="btn btn-danger" value = "Remove" action="#{deleteEmployeeBean.delete}"></h:commandButton>
In:
<h:form>
<h:commandButton class="btn btn-danger" value = "Remove" action="#{deleteEmployeeBean.delete}"></h:commandButton>
</h:form>
This is the solution, which is worked for me.
<p:commandButton id="b1" value="Save" process="userGroupSetupForm"
actionListener="#{userGroupSetupController.saveData()}"
update="growl userGroupList userGroupSetupForm" />
Here, process="userGroupSetupForm" atrribute is mandatory for Ajax call. actionListener is calling a method from #ViewScope Bean. Also updating growl message, Datatable: userGroupList and Form: userGroupSetupForm.
<ui:composition>
<h:form id="form1">
<p:dialog id="dialog1">
<p:commandButton value="Save" action="#{bean.method1}" /> <!--Working-->
</p:dialog>
</h:form>
<h:form id="form2">
<p:dialog id="dialog2">
<p:commandButton value="Save" action="#{bean.method2}" /> <!--Not Working-->
</p:dialog>
</h:form>
</ui:composition>
To solve;
<ui:composition>
<h:form id="form1">
<p:dialog id="dialog1">
<p:commandButton value="Save" action="#{bean.method1}" /> <!-- Working -->
</p:dialog>
<p:dialog id="dialog2">
<p:commandButton value="Save" action="#{bean.method2}" /> <!--Working -->
</p:dialog>
</h:form>
<h:form id="form2">
<!-- .......... -->
</h:form>
</ui:composition>
I'm doing a simple logout and want to make sure i'm referencing correctly to the login root.
<h:form>
<h:commandLink value="Logout" action="#{request.contextPath}/#{userController.logout()}" />
</h:form>
but i get this error:
/topnav.xhtml #16,104 action="#{request.contextPath}/#{userController.logout()}" Not a Valid Method Expression: #{request.contextPath}/#{userController.logout()}
UPDATE
Right now I'm adding navigation rules from the logout link to the login page and since the logout link is on all pages i need to add rules to allow the transition back to the login page. that seems like a lot of configuration for a simple item. would prefer to just have the method called indicate that the login page the the final destination and hot have to place a navigation entry from all pages to the login page.
From the documentation for commandLink:
Name Required Request-time Type
==============================================================
action false false javax.el.MethodExpression
The composite expression #{request.contextPath}/#{userController.logout()} cannot be resolved as a MethodExpression.
The JSF 2.1 specification says of MethodExpressions:
Method expressions are a very similar to value expressions, but rather
than supporting the dynamic retrieval and setting of properties,
method expressions support the invocation (i.e. execution) of an
arbitrary public method of an arbitrary object, passing a specified
set of parameters, and returning the result from the called method (if
any).
try
<h:form>
<h:commandLink value="Logout" action="#{userController.logout()}" />
</h:form>
beside the fact that you do not need context, you can not use # twice the way you are using it.
I want to reset JSF inputs to their original managed bean values after validation failed.
I have two forms inside the same page - the first form has a commandLink to initialize the second form. The second form is rendered as a dialog whose visibility is toggled through jQuery - for the purpose of this exercise, though, I can illustrate just with two forms on the same page. Also, while I'm using PrimeFaces 2.2.x in my app, the same behaviors appear with regular h:commandLink as well.
The issue I'm having is:
click link in first form to initialize second form
submit invalid values in second form
click link in first form again to initialize second form - invalid values still there and/or UIInput state is still invalid.
For example - take the following form
<h:form id="pageForm">
<h:commandLink actionListener="#{testBean.initialize}">Initialize, no execute
<f:ajax render=":dialogForm"/>
</h:commandLink>
<br/>
<h:commandLink actionListener="#{testBean.initialize}">Initialize, execute=#this
<f:ajax execute="#this" render=":dialogForm"/>
</h:commandLink>
</h:form>
<h:form id="dialogForm">
<h:messages/>
String property - Valid: <h:outputText value="#{property.valid}"/>
<br/>
<h:inputText id="property" binding="#{property}" value="#{testBean.property}">
<f:validateLength minimum="3"/>
</h:inputText>
<br />
Int property - Valid: <h:outputText value="#{intValue.valid}"/>
<h:inputText id="intValue" binding="#{intValue}" value="#{testBean.intValue}">
<f:validateLongRange maximum="50" />
</h:inputText>
<br/>
<h:commandLink actionListener="#{testBean.submit}">
Submit
<f:ajax render="#form" execute="#form"/>
</h:commandLink>
<h:commandLink actionListener="#{testBean.initialize}">Initialize, execute=#this
<f:ajax execute="#this" render="#form"/>
</h:commandLink>
</h:form>
Bean class:
#ManagedBean
#ViewScoped
public class TestBean {
private String property = "init";
private Integer intValue = 33;
// plus getters/setters
public void submit() { ... }
public void initialize() {
intValue = 33;
property = "init";
}
}
Behavior #1
click either "Initialize" link on the pageForm
inputs get initialized to "init", "33"
now submit something invalid for both fields like "aa", "99"
now click any of the "initialize" links again (they all seem to behave the same - makes no difference whether it's in the same form or different, or whether I have specified execute="#this" or not.)
Result => UIInput.isValid() = false, both values reset though ("init", "33").
Expected => valid = true (or is this not reasonable to expect?)
Behavior #2
click either "Initialize" link on the pageForm
inputs get initialized to "init", "33"
now submit something invalid for the text field but valid for the int field ("aa", "44")
now click any of the "initialize" links again
Result => "init", valid=false; 44, valid=true
Expected => "init", valid=true; 33, valid=true
I have also looked at:
JSF 2 - Bean Validation: validation failed -> empty values are replaced with last valid values from managed bean
and
How can I populate a text field using PrimeFaces AJAX after validation errors occur?
The suggestion to explicitly reset the state of UIInputs with resetValue does work, but I'm not happy with it.
Now, I sort of understand why the isValid is not resetting - my understanding of the JSF lifecycle is that once a value is submitted to a component, isValid is not reset until the component is successfully submitted and validated and the Update Model Values phase sets the bean value. So there may be no way around explicitly resetting the valid state in this case, since I want to use #{foo.valid} for conditional CSS styling.
What I don't understand, though, is why the components that successfully validated are not re-initializing from the bean. Perhaps my understanding of the JSF lifecycle is slightly off?
I understand the rules layed out in the answer to How can I populate a text field using PrimeFaces AJAX after validation errors occur? as they pertain to an individual component but not to the form as a whole - i.e., what happens if a component succeeds validation but the validation overall fails?
In fact, there may turn out to be no better way than explicitly calling resetValue on components. In my case, all of the dialogs are in the same big JSF view tree with the underlying page that opens them. So from JSF's perspective, the same view component state including invalid input values should be preserved until we navigate away from the view, as it has no visibility into how we're toggling display attributes client-side.
The only other thing that might work is if the components that make up the dialog are actually not rendered in the JSF view tree unless they're visible. In my case, they're always rendered, using CSS to toggle visibility.
JFS1.2 + Richfaces 3.3
Situation is as follows:
JSP page renders conditionally one or another panelGroup.
Within each panelGroup there are couple setters and one command button.
Each of two panelGroups uses own bean for setting and performing action.
On the top of a page there's selectOneRadio with (obvious) two items - coresponding tow options of conditional rendering.
Page renders properly, switcher causes to render appropriate panel.
Case is, commands buttons doesn't call an action.
I know what's going on - when I click a button to call action dom is regenerated, but the value that hold my decision to display particular panel doesn't exist anymore. The button is not recreated, action is not fired.
Technically:
<h:selectOneRadio value="#{reportType}">
<f:selectItem itemLabel="x" itemValue="x"/>
<f:selectItem itemLabel="y" itemValue="y"/>
<a4j:support event="onclick" reRender="xPanel, yPanel/>
</h:selectOneRadio>
<h:panelGrid id="xPanel "columns="2" rendered="#{reportType eq 'x'}">
<...some setters>
<... commandbutton>
</h:panelGrid>
<h:panelGrid id="yPanel "columns="2" rendered="#{reportType eq 'y'}">
<...some setters>
<... commandbutton>
</h:panelGrid>
Question is, how to design the page to obtain proper rendering and actions?
For now, I created additional session bean that holds switching value (x|y), but that desing smells bad for me...
RichFaces 3.3 offers the <a4j:keepAlive> tag which does basically the same as Tomahawk's <t:saveState> and JSF2 #ViewScoped. Add the following line somewhere in your view:
<a4j:keepAlive beanName="#{bean}" />
This will keep the bean alive as long as you're returning null or void from action(listener) methods.
See also:
JSF 1.2: How to keep request scoped managed bean alive across postbacks on same view?
Is it possible to pass parameter from a JSP page to a JSF page's backing bean?
JSP page is popup window open when I invoke a button in JSF page and my selected value in JSP page, I should be able to pass to JSF's backing bean.
P.S. When I add comment and I put #anyname when someone replies, #namyname part is getting truncated.
Update 1
To get the selected value from JSP to bean I did a crude approach.
I added the the following in JSP
String str = request.getParameter("selectname");
and assigned string str to a hidden field
<input type="hidden" name="hid" value="<%=str%>" />
and in my bean I am getting the value like the following
logger.info("jsp value "+FacesContext.getCurrentInstance().getExternalContext()
.getRequestParameterMap().get("hid"));
This almost works except I always gets the value which I previously selects.
E.g. First time when I selects 1 and value returned in bean is null, second time when I selects 2, value returned is 1.
How could I get the currently selected value in my bean?
First, if your JSF view technology is JSP, then you can use the <h:> tags in the jsp and it becomes straightforward 0 just add a <h:commandButton action="#{yourBean.yourMethod}" />
Otherwise, you still can perhaps, but I'd suggest that you make your popup also a JSF page. JSF and JSP don't coexist well. If you really must retain the situation, then you can try to emulate a JSF POST request to the target jsf URL.
f:viewParam lets you associate bean
properties with request parameters
–
-This introduces several new capabilities
New tags that navigate via GET instead of POST and tags that
navigate via GET instead of POST, and send parameters along with the
address
Sending data from non-JSF forms to JSF pages
Make results pages results pages bookmarkable
This is a new feature in JSF 2.0
example:
<f:viewParam name="fg" value="#{colorPreferences.foreground}" />
If the “fg” parameter is non-null, it is passed to
setForeground before the page is rendered
<f:metadata>
<f:viewParam name="param1" value="#{bean.prop1}"/>
<f:viewParam name="param2" value="#{bean.prop2}"/>
</f:metadata>
<h:head>…</h:head>
<h:body>
Blah Blah blah #{bean prop1} , blah, #{bean.prop1}
</h:body>
If the page is called with page.jsp?param1=foo¶m2=bar, then “foo” and “bar” are passed to “setProp1” and “setProp2” before the page is rendered. If any of the parameters are null (i.e., no such request parameter exists), then the associated setter is not called at all, and the bean has its normal value for that property
You can find the answer from the JSF tutorial http://www.coreservlets.com/JSF-Tutorial/jsf2/