can't jar after encrypting .class files - java

I have encrypted .class files and would like to jar them so that I could use dexclassloader to load them.While the problem I get is that I use ant (build.xml[dx command]) to jar them ,but it makes error.
[echo] Converting compiled files and external libraries into D:\XXX/classes.dex...
[apply] trouble processing:
[apply] bad class file magic (6244b7bf) or version (e2dd.0927)
[apply] ...while parsing com/XXX/LibraryProvider.class
[apply] ...while processing com/XXX/LibraryProvider.class
[apply] 1 warning
[apply] no classfiles specified
It seems like .class file is bad after I encrypted them. How can I solve the problem?

How can I solve the problem?
Get rid of the encryption.
First, such encryption is pointless on regular Java, let alone Android.
Second, for Android, your .class files will only ever exist on your development machine. Android APK files do not contain your .class files with JVM bytecode. The APK files will contain Dalvik bytecode; the build tools cross-compile your .class files to Dalvik bytecode. By encrypting those class files, the build tools cannot use them.
You are welcome to use ProGuard to obfuscate your Java bytecode, as that still results in .class files that the build tools will understand. Proguard is integrated into the Android build chain.

Related

still experiencing linker error despite linking the java jar file in visual studio code

I am trying to build a small personal project with opencv. I included the path to the opencv jar file in visual studio using the java dependencies then referenced libraries but i get the linker error: Exception in thread "main" java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: no opencv_java430 in java.library.path. I have no idea what else i could do
UnsatisfiedLinkError isn't about jar files.
It's about 'native' files. These are generally stored as a .jnilib file on mac, as a .DLL on windows, and as a .so file on on most unixen.
They cannot be in jar files.
Some libraries will put in some effort and ship a whole bevy of them (as each architecture and OS has a unique dll/jnilib/so file that is needed) inside the jar, will find the 'right' one for your arch/os combo, unpack it someplace, and try to load it live.
This is either not working, or this library isn't doing that. Presumably the opencv site contains a tutorial on how to get it running; as native files are required, it's a bit more involved than 'just download, add to classpath, and voila'. I suggest you follow it precisely.
If you do have something that seems suitable (probably called opencv_java430.dll or whatnot), start java with java -Djava.library.path=/directory/containing/that/file the.rest.of.your.java.args - that should help.

recompiling a new apk after decompiling and modifying the previous apk

I have de-compiled an apk file using apk-tool (command: "apktool d file.apk") and changed some xml parts.
Also I have the jar file using dex2jar. I opened jar with java de-compiler and selected "save all sources". Then I unzipped it and changed some parts of the code (modified it).
Now how should I regenerate the new apk file?? I tried copying java sources into the folder from apk-tool and the recompiled them together but it didn't work. What should I do??
You are trying to mix technologies that aren't possible to mix. Apktool during rebuild requires files to be either in the pre-assembled dex format or various disassembled .smali files.
Apktool doesn't have any support to build from java sources. Not to mention, it wouldn't work as Apktool can't rewrite resource IDs which would happen with java sources. You can read the technical explanation here.
You need to build your java sources, then use baksmali to obtain the .smali equivalence and use those in apktool.

How can I bundle a .so file in a jar?

I'm currently working on a java library (binding) which uses some own written native code. This native code is compiled as a .so file for multiple architectures (arm-v7, i686, x86-64, etc).
I know in android you have to create a folder called jniLibs with subfolders for each architecture containing the proper .so file. Then with an Android.mk file and System.loadLibrary I can include these files into my code.
However, I have no clue how to include these .so files in a normal java project/library. I have read online that System.loadLibrary only works for looking through normal files (and not necessarily project files).
You can't have anything other than code in an android .jar file, however, you can have resources in an .aar file.
Android Archive Library (aar) vs standard jar
You will find that the .aar for your library is the redistributable/reusable compiled version of your library.
You can do it as how SWT did it -- extract the library files from your .jar file to user's home directory (so you are sure you have access to write in it) manually by java code.
You can check the source code of org.eclipse.swt.internal.Library, method extract().

Compile and run Groovy on Linux server

I'm trying to move my Groovy project to a server with no Eclipse. In order to minimize the uncertainty I compiled my project in Eclipse (on my PC) and copied the project(with all .class compiled in /bin) to the server in a whole. After that I kept meeting the error:
Error: Could not find or load main class edu.xxx.textrank.TrendAnalysis
This is how I ran my code:
All .groovy and .java are in folder .../TextRank/src/edu/xxx/textrank/, all compiled .class files are in folder .../TextRank/bin/edu/xxx/textrank/, and all dependent .jar files are in folder .../TextRank/lib/. In directory .../TextRank/bin I ran java -cp ../lib/*.jar:. edu/xxx/textrank/KeywordExtractor and met the error. TrendAnalysis.class was compiled from TrendAnalysis.groovy and there are also some auxillary .class compiled from closures in groovy:
TrendAnalysis$_allPeriodKeywordStudy_closure1.class TrendAnalysis$_certainPeriodKeywordStudy_closure3.class
TrendAnalysis$_allPeriodKeywordStudy_closure2.class
However, things are not quite same for those .class files compiled from .java. For example I was able to run Patterns.class which was compiled from Patterns.java without inner classes by the same command
[xuch#xxxxx bin]$ java -cp ../lib/*.jar:. edu/xxx/textrank/Patterns
abcdefghijk
I'm wondering what could be the real culprit. Can I just run the .class files without re-compiling them on another server? Or am I able to just run the main .class without calling all the innerclass files (auto-generated by Groovy)?
Any suggestion and help is appreciated! Also quick solutions will help (like how to compile all things into an executable .jar etc). Thanks a lot!!
Edit: One important thing to mention, all my .java and .groovy are in package edu.xxx.textrank. In other words they all have package edu.xxx.textrank;

What exactly does a jar file contain?

As an intern, I use company code in my projects and they usually send me a jar file to work with. I add it to the build path in Eclipse and usually all is fine and dandy.
However, I got curious to know, what each class contained and when I try to open one of the classes in the jar file, it tells me that I need a source file.
What does this mean? I come from a C/C++ background so is a jar similar to an already compiled .o file and all I can see is the .h stuff? Or is there actual code in the jar file that I'm using that's encrypted so I can't read it?
Thanks for all the answers!
Edit: Thanks, guys, I knew it was a sort of like an archive but I was confused to why when I tried to open the .class files, I got a bunch of random characters. The output was similar when I tried to open a .o file in C so I just wanted to make sure.
Thanks!
A JAR file is actually just a ZIP file. It can contain anything - usually it contains compiled Java code (*.class), but sometimes also Java sourcecode (*.java).
However, Java can be decompiled - in case the developer obfuscated his code you won't get any useful class/function/variable names though.
However, I got curious to what each class contained and when I try to open one of the classes in the jar file, it tells me that I need a source file.
A jar file is basically a zip file containing .class files and potentially other resources (and metadata about the jar itself). It's hard to compare C to Java really, as Java byte code maintains a lot more metadata than most binary formats - but the class file is compiled code instead of source code.
If you either open the jar file with a zip utility or run jar xf foo.jar you can extract the files from it, and have a look at them. Note that you don't need a jar file to run Java code - classloaders can load class data directly from the file system, or from URLs, as well as from jar files.
The best way to understand what the jar file contains is by executing this :
Go to command line and execute jar tvf jarfilename.jar
A jar file is a zip file with some additional files containing metadata. (Despite the .jar extension, it is in zip format, and any utilities that deal with .zip files are also able to deal with .jar files.)
http://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/technotes/guides/jar/index.html
Jar files can contain any kind of files, but they usually contain class files and supporting configuration files (properties), graphics and other data files needed by the application.
Class files contain compiled Java code, which is executable by the Java Virtual Machine.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_class_file
JAR stands for Java ARchive. It's a file format based on the popular ZIP file format and is used for aggregating many files into one. Although JAR can be used as a general archiving tool, the primary motivation for its development was so that Java applets and their requisite components (.class files, images and sounds) can be downloaded to a browser in a single HTTP transaction, rather than opening a new connection for each piece. This greatly improves the speed with which an applet can be loaded onto a web page and begin functioning. The JAR format also supports compression, which reduces the size of the file and improves download time still further. Additionally, individual entries in a JAR file may be digitally signed by the applet author to authenticate their origin.
Jar file contains compiled Java binary classes in the form of *.class which can be converted to readable .java class by decompiling it using some open source decompiler. The jar also has an optional META-INF/MANIFEST.MF which tells us how to use the jar file - specifies other jar files for loading with the jar.
Jar( Java Archive) contains group of .class files.
1.To create Jar File (Zip File)
if one .class (say, Demo.class) then use command jar -cvf NameOfJarFile.jar Demo.class (usually it’s not feasible for only one .class file)
if more than one .class (say, Demo.class , DemoOne.class) then use command jar -cvf NameOfJarFile.jar Demo.class DemoOne.class
if all .class is to be group (say, Demo.class , DemoOne.class etc) then use command jar -cvf NameOfJarFile.jar *.class
2.To extract Jar File (Unzip File)
jar -xvf NameOfJarFile.jar
3.To display table of content
jar -tvf NameOfJarFile.jar
A .jar file is akin to a .exe file.
In essence, they are both executable files.
A jar file is also a archive (JAR = Java ARchive). In a jar file, you will see folders and class files. Each .class file is similar to a .o you might get from C or C++, and is a compiled java archive.
If you wanted to see the code in a jar file, download a java decompiler (located here: http://java.decompiler.free.fr/?q=jdgui) and a .jar extractor (7zip works fine).
JD-GUI is a very handy tool for browsing and decompiling JARs
A .jar file contains compiled code (*.class files) and other data/resources related to that code. It enables you to bundle multiple files into a single archive file. It also contains metadata. Since it is a zip file it is capable of compressing the data that you put into it.
Couple of things i found useful.
http://www.skylit.com/javamethods/faqs/createjar.html
http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/deployment/jar/basicsindex.html
The book OSGi in practice defines JAR files as, "JARs are archive files based on the ZIP file format,
allowing many files to be aggregated into a single file. Typically the files
contained in the archive are a mixture of compiled Java class files and resource
files such as images and documents. Additionally the specification defines a
standard location within a JAR archive for metadata — the META-INF folder
— and several standard file names and formats within that directly, most
important of which is the MANIFEST.MF file."
Just check if the aopalliance.jar file has .java files instead of .class files. if so, just extract the jar file, import it in eclipse & create a jar though eclipse. It worked for me.
While learning about JAR, I came across this thread, but couldn't get enough information for people like me, who have .NET background, so I'm gonna add few points which can help persons like myself with .NET background.
First we need to define similar concept to JAR in .NET which is Assembly and assembly shares a lot in common with Java JAR files.
So, an assembly is the fundamental unit of code packaging in the .NET environment. Assemblies are self contained and typically contain the intermediate code from compiling classes, metadata about the classes, and any other files needed by the packaged code to perform its task. Since assemblies are the fundamental unit of code packaging, several actions related to interacting with types must be done at the assembly level. For instance, granting of security permissions, code deployment, and versioning are done at the assembly level.
Java JAR files perform a similar task in Java with most differences being in the implementation. Assemblies are usually stored as EXEs or DLLs while JAR files are stored in the ZIP file format.
Source of Information -> 5- Assemblies

Categories