Create folder in jar file dir - java

Im looking for a solution to create a new folder in the folder, where the .jar file is located.
So if i have a test.jer file in C:\test\temp I would like to be able to create a new folder (newFolder) : C:\test\temp\newFolder.
Anyone know how to do this.
I have tried to use
System.getProperty("user.dir").
But this only gives me the correct, if i double click the jar file.
I need it to be run from a scheduler and then the location is changed.

In general you cannot easily figure out where your JAR file is at runtime. The execution environment of your VM can tell you the user directory (as you said), but that is the directory from which the VM was started. So if you double click your JAR, that's actually the directory where the JAR is. But if you call java on the commandline, for example
c:\some\directory> java -cp c:\temp\test.jar main.Class
then "user.dir" will contain "c:\some\directory".
This lack of information is intentional, because it allows the VM to transparently load classes from different locations.
Your best choice to do what you want would be to pass the directory of choice as a commandline argument. And in the worst case, you could use "user.dir" as default. But what the best solution really is depends on why you want to place the directory where the JAR is.

Related

Set a Path for database file in java

I am developing a program that uses a sqlite file as a database. When I compile and test my program I haven't any problem:
Conection c = DriverManager.getConnection(
"jdbc:sqlite:/home/mehdi/my_database.sqite");
as you can see in above, the code shows a direct path that set to database file (this path is only in my system).
So it works fine, but my problem starts when I create an executable jar file of my program, if I create executable jar file and share it with other users, when they run the executable jar it doesn't work.
My first question: how do I set my database path for an executable jar file in my code?
My second question: is it possible for the database to be along side the executable jar? (and i can move my executable jar file with its database)
some_path/my_program_file.jar
some_path/my_database.sqite
The best option is externalizing the database path instead of hardcoding it, and letting the user choose where to put the actual sqlite file.
You could put the sqlite file in the same directory as the program archive, but please note that this does not really help in locating the file from your code, because relative paths are definitely resolved against the JVM (process) working directory, not the location of the JAR:
new File(".").getAbsolutePath()
There are ways to get the location of the JAR:
getClass().getProtectionDomain().getCodeSource().getLocation()
but they are deploy-dependent, so it's not a very robust strategy to rely on.
Most Java program are configured with external files put in well-known locations (like the current JVM directory or a .myapp/conf.properties in the user home), and individual properties can be overridden in the starting command line, as either system properties -Dkey=value or program arguments (there's a library to simplify this)
Java uses relative paths when you do not specify the absolute path. I'm not sure if it works for the DriverManager though. What this means is that if you call jdbc:sqlite:my_database.sqite it should look for my_database.sqite in the folder the jar is executed from. So if the user calls java -jar my_program_file.jar from the folder where the database is it will work. If the user calls the jar from another location it won't. To fix that, you have to grab the path where the jar is located, like so:
return new File(MyClass.class.getProtectionDomain().getCodeSource().getLocation().getPath());
This was showcased in another SO post.

Serialized files don't work when project is converted to executable jar?

I made my java project into an executable jar using the export to jar option in eclipse. The jar runs as expected, except that it does not use any of the serialized files. I can see that clearly from the GUI. What could be the reason for this problem and how do I fix it ?
I saw this related question - Why does my JAR file not create a serialization?
But it does not tell me exactly how to get around this problem. It looks like you cannot pack a folder into a jar. Why ? Because code could accidentally/intentionally continue to add data into that folder and make the whole jar occupy the hard disk ?
How do I create some kind of structure in which I pack my executable jar and its serialization folder ?
Answering this question:
How do I create some kind of structure in which I pack my executable jar and its serialization folder ?
A common approach is to have a well-defined place to store serialized files, settings, etc, that does not depend on where the program has been executed from. Usually it is user's home directory, or Application Data in case of windows. I used this code to store my application settings:
String home = System.getenv("APPDATA");
if (StringUtils.isEmpty(home)) {
home = System.getProperty("user.home");
}
CONFIG_HOME = new File(home, ".myProgram").getAbsoluteFile();
CONFIG_HOME.mkdirs();
So on windows it will use AppData and on *nix systems it will use user's home. The dot in front of myProgram is to make it hidden on *nix platforms, which is a common practice.
EDIT For your question in your comment:
on my linux machine there is no APPDATA env variable so this code will create a directory /home/myUser/.myProgram. On windows it will be something like c:/Users/myUser/AppData/Local/.myProgram. On MacOSX, no idea.
You need your JAR to use the same path for reading the Serialized Files as your code in eclipse.
So you make a properties file containing the directory with your serialized objects.
Then, this is the same for both your JAR and our project.
See also: http://www.mkyong.com/java/java-properties-file-examples/
You can use
AClass.class.getResource(String str);
//or
AClass.class.getResourceAsStream(String str);
AClass: one of your classes.
str: file location which you want to read.
For example;
if your class hierarchy seem like this:
+src
+-com
+-test
|-AClass.java
+-util
+-PrintUtil.java
+-resources
|-Bouble.png
|-Mouse.png
+-Ocean.png
and for reading "Mouse.png" image, you can this with a lots of ways:
AClass.class.getResource("/resources/Mouse.png");
//or
PrintUtil.class.getResource("../resources/Mouse.png");
...
You can't write inside a jar file while you are using/running the jar file. When you put the jar file in you classpath or you run the program from jar directly, the jar will be locked by your jvm, hence it won't allow you to update the same jar file which you are currently using.
The solution given by people which says use resource as stream will work if your classes are there in a folder, not in an archive (which you are using).
As an archive you can't directly update it, you need to do following steps (by yourself or by 3rd party api),
Extract in temp location
update the files
re archive
Now as the jar file is locked, you won't be able to do the third operation, which is not even safe. As an example when you are running a jar file, try to rename it, it won't happen, if it happens, the jar file is not yet locked by the jvm, it gets locked whenever you call a class which is inside the jar file.
For better and secure serialization and file saving please look into this: java.util.prefs.Preferences.

How to get location of runnable .jar File when run from GNOME

I am developing a small Java application using Swing, that is supposed to run on Windows/Linux and MacOS.
Eventually it will ship as a runnable jar with some config files in the same folder. To load them I need the path to the folder the jar is stored in within the program.
There are already a couple of threads like this one or this one.
My problem is, that all the solutions discussed there work fine, when I run the program from within eclipse or call the runnable jar from a terminal like so:
java -jar /path/to/jar/jarfile.jar
However when I click on the jar file in Cinnamon or Gnome (which is what most of the users will know to do), I do not get the correct paths. (MacOS users report the same issue)
Here is what I've tried so far and what the output is when run via double click (all those display the desired path when run from eclipse or a terminal):
ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader().getResource(".").getPath()
Output: file:/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk-common/jre/lib/ext/pulse-java.jar!/
SomeClass.class.getProtectionDomain().getCodeSource().getLocation().getPath();
Output: ./
System.getProperty("user.dir");
Output: /home/myusername
Is there any other way to do it or am I doing something wrong when exporting the jar? Any help would be appreciated!
Cheers
Nick
Make it simple, and use a startup script (.bat/.sh file) to run your application. This startup script will get the path of its own location in the filesystem, and pass it as an argument or system property to the Java application. This has the additional advantage of being able to pass other arguments, like the size of the heap, etc.
On windows, %~dp0 is the path of the directory containing the executed bat file. On Unix, you can use $(dirname $0).
You could store all config files as resources in a jar, and copy them to files in home.dir + ".AppName/".
Painful as it is, the Preferences API, Preferences.systemNodeForPackage, seems the wisest alternative, if there is little structured config data. There is an inputStream method for import; your initial config template could be a resource in the jar.
Just get the class path using System.getProperty("java.class.path") and scan it for your ".jar" name. Note that path separators are OS dependent (File.pathSeparator)

Handling paths in portable JAR

I have written a java program which different classes where during the process it generates lots of files (say txt files) and then reads the files and operates on them. I have made the project as a JAR file where I can run it from command with no problem as JAR is in the same directory.
However, I want to run this JAR file on a remote server where the PATHs are not the same, so then it generates error, because in my project for instance it should read a file from /Programs/Folder/here whereas in the server this cannot happen as there is no /Programs/Folder... directory. Do I have to change all the paths in my program according to the new location I wanna put my jar or there is another way around it?
I would appreciate your help.
Best wishes
I would think the best way is to pass the directory name where the files in as an argumrnt to the java command line.
Read it from the parameter args in main
This simplest and best solution is to change all of your paths in files inside of your project to be relative paths. You can also simply pass the directory you would like the files stored in to String args[] as parameters
what i prefer is i use relative path and then read relative path using classloader.try it.

Eclipse project can not reference a file using relative paths

My file is located under the src directory. However, when I try to call it using "src/readme.txt" the file is not found.
In fact, it states that java is looking for "C:\Documents and settings\john\My Documents\Downloads\eclipse-win32\eclipse\coolCarsProject\src\readme.txt".
How do I fix this? I do not want to put in the absolute path all the time.
Do I need to fix the classpath, buildpath, or change the project root, etc? It is not at all obvious from the roughly 1000 settings in Eclipse for a newbie.
First, you have to decide if you want to load the file from the file system, or if the file will in fact be bundled with your application code.
If the former, then you should really think about how your application will be launched when actually deployed, because using a relative file path means that the program should always be started from the same location: a relative path is relative to the location from where the program is started (the current directory). If this is really what you want, then edit your launch configuration in Eclipse, go to the Arguments tab, and set the working directory you want. But the src directory is not where you should put this file, since this will copy the file to the target directory, along with the classes, that will probably be put in a jar once you'll deploy the application.
If the latter, then you should not treat the file as a file, but as a resource that is loaded by the ClassLoader, using ClassLoader.getResourceAsStream() (or Class.getResourceAsStream()). Read the javadoc of those methods to understand the path to pass. If you put the file directly under src, it will be copied by Eclipse to the target directory, along with your classes, in the default package. And you should thus use SomeClass.class.getResourceAsStream("/readme.txt") to load it.
Using paths relative to the current working directory is not a good idea in general, as it's often quite hard to establish what your current working directory will be. In Eclipse, it will be your project folder (unless you set it to something different in your launch configuration), in webapps it will be the webapp's root directory, in a command line app it could be anything.
Try this one:
String filePath = ".\\userFiles\\data.json";
where «.\» is a root for the Eclipse project, «userFiles» is a folder with the user's files inside of Eclipse project. Since we are talking about Windows OS, we have to use «\» and not «/» like in Linux, but the «\» is the reserved symbol, so we have to type «\\» (double backslash) to get the desired result.

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