Deploy and execute something with Java on UNIX

Deploy and execute something with Java on UNIX - java

I have a Java process (daemon) which is running. This process is used like a service. With that service I can download a signed zip archive from a trusted server. After I unpack the ZIP archive I want to execute a binary in the "unpacked" folder.
The problem is that this binary is not executable (no 'x' in its file mode) ... I know it's possible to set it with Java but I want a generic way.
Do you have any ideas how to do the deployment in a nice way?
(Yes, it needs to be Java)
Basically I want to restore the Unix file mode bits after I unpacked the ZIP archive. Is there a Java Lib which can do this?

You could easily call the chmod command from your Java application to add that missing x bit. chmod is as standard on Unix as the executable (x) bit itself.
Or you could do it straight from Java.
If you want the executable bit to remain set at decompression, though, you should probably not use the Java decompression libraries. Try using the Unix unzip command to decompress your archive - it has supported storing and restoring the Unix file mode bits for quite some time. If your Unix vendor does not have it, you can get it from the source.

If you pack your files with tar and then optionally compress, it keeps your permissions as they were before packing. Use --preserve-permissions when unpacking.

Related

How do I make a code that will make Java code/file to an .exe file [duplicate]

I want to convert a .jar to an .exe for microsoft. Is there any program converter for this?
Also if there's one for Mac and Linux I would appreciate suggestions for those too.

Launch4j works on both Windows and Linux/Mac. But if you're running Linux/Mac, there is a way to embed your jar into a shell script that performs the autolaunch for you, so you have only one runnable file:
exestub.sh:
#!/bin/sh
MYSELF=`which "$0" 2>/dev/null`
[ $? -gt 0 -a -f "$0" ] && MYSELF="./$0"
JAVA_OPT=""
PROG_OPT=""
# Parse options to determine which ones are for Java and which ones are for the Program
while [ $# -gt 0 ] ; do
case $1 in
-Xm*) JAVA_OPT="$JAVA_OPT $1" ;;
-D*) JAVA_OPT="$JAVA_OPT $1" ;;
*) PROG_OPT="$PROG_OPT $1" ;;
esac
shift
done
exec java $JAVA_OPT -jar $MYSELF $PROG_OPT
Then you create your runnable file from your jar:
$ cat exestub.sh myrunnablejar.jar > myrunnable
$ chmod +x myrunnable
It works the same way launch4j works: because a jar has a zip format, which header is located at the end of the file. You can have any header you want (either binary executable or, like here, shell script) and run java -jar <myexe>, as <myexe> is a valid zip/jar file.

JSmooth .exe wrapper
JSmooth is a Java Executable Wrapper. It creates native Windows launchers (standard .exe) for your Java applications. It makes java deployment much smoother and user-friendly, as it is able to find any installed Java VM by itself. When no VM is available, the wrapper can automatically download and install a suitable JVM, or simply display a message or redirect the user to a website.
JSmooth provides a variety of wrappers for your java application, each of them having their own behavior: Choose your flavor!
Download: http://jsmooth.sourceforge.net/
JarToExe 1.8
Jar2Exe is a tool to convert jar files into exe files.
Following are the main features as describe on their website:
Can generate “Console”, “Windows GUI”, “Windows Service” three types of .exe files.
Generated .exe files can add program icons and version information.
Generated .exe files can encrypt and protect java programs, no temporary files will be generated when the program runs.
Generated .exe files provide system tray icon support.
Generated .exe files provide record system event log support.
Generated windows service .exe files are able to install/uninstall itself, and support service pause/continue.
New release of x64 version, can create 64 bits executives. (May 18,
2008)
Both wizard mode and command line mode supported. (May 18, 2008)
Download: http://www.brothersoft.com/jartoexe-75019.html
Executor
Package your Java application as a jar, and Executor will turn the jar into a Windows .exe file, indistinguishable from a native application. Simply double-clicking the .exe file will invoke the Java Runtime Environment and launch your application.

If your program is "publicly available non-commercial in nature" and has "a publicly available Web site that meets the basic quality standards", then you can try and get a free license of Excelsior. If its not then it's expensive, but still a viable option.
Program: https://www.excelsiorjet.com
As a side note: Here's a study of all existing Jar to EXE programs, which is a bit depressing - https://www.excelsior-usa.com/articles/java-to-exe.html

Despite this being against the general SO policy on these matters, this seems to be what the OP genuinely wants:
http://www.google.com/search?btnG=1&pws=0&q=java+executable+wrapper
If you'd like, you could also try creating the appropriate batch or script file containing the single line:
java -jar MyJar.jar
Or in many cases on windows just double clicking the executable jar.

I used Launch4J and it works flawlessy,
First, Go to your jdk and copy the bin and lib folder
Then create a folder for your app and make a folder called jre-(version),
Then paste these inside
Then open launch4j Put the exe file's path (Inside the app's folder)
Then go the jre option and inside bundled paths type jre-(version)
Then in minimun version type the version of the java you coded it in.
Then in the jre option put "Only use private jdk runtimes"
Then hit the gear icon. It will open a file chooser.
Choose your application's folder, done
Now open the exe file generated. It should work.
In case it does not, try the test run button (The green play one). If it says LinkageError in the console below, then in the jvm-options type --enable-preview. It should work.
I hope it helped.

For Windows, you can convert jar to exe using following ways:
Using Netbeans
https://erainnovator.com/convert-jar-to-exe-file/
Using Excelsior JET
https://youtu.be/iQSfUb8chjg

if you need to convert from .jar to .exe from java 14 you can used jpackage
jpackage is a command-line tool to create native installers and
packages for Java applications.
this article will help you

System Startup Folders/Methods on UNIX Platforms?

I have a Java application that needs to implement installation features of making a JAR launch on startup.
I can do this on Window by entering a REG file into the registry, but how can I do this on UNIX platforms? Linux and Mac if the methods are different.
Do Linux and Mac have system startup folders?
Remember that I need to do this programmatically not through system preferences or anything like that.

On Linux, the classic way would be through adding a script in the appropriate /etc/rcN.d/ directory (where N is a number 0-6 representing the 'run level'). I'm not sure whether that's still the recommended way, but it usually is still supported. This would also work with minor variations for other mainstream Unix variants (Solaris, HP-UX, AIX).
On Mac, you have to work harder. The files /etc/rc.common, /etc/rc.imaging and /etc/rc.netboot are related, but there are no /etc/rcN.d directories. There's also a script rc and another rc.local. Typing man rc reveals:
DESCRIPTION
rc.local is now unsupported and has been replaced with launchd(8), which bootstraps itself via the launchctl(1) bootstrap subcommand to read in launchd(8) jobs from the standard locations.
SEE ALSO
launchd(8), launchctl(1)
So, you should investigate launchctl and launchd, particularly launchctl.

This is how I would do it on ubuntu.
First create a bash script to run the java app, similar to.
#!/bin/bash
java -jar "helloworld.jar"
and save it, in this case called 'HELLOWORLD' in /etc/init.d.
Need to make the script executable so need to run
chmod +x HELLOWORLD
Finally to make it run on start up
update-rc.d HELLOWORLD defaults

On Macs I think its launchd, and on linux its init.d. They are config files.

Deploying a Java project on Linux system

I developed a project using Java and now I've to deliver it to client who is using Linux. Which executable file format will be delivered and how to make that?

Executable file format?
If you're delivering a Java app, give them a jar file (and associated libs).
Provide a shell script to set up its environment and execute it.
For example, assuming I define ROOT_DIR as my app's install directory, and so on:
CLASSPATH="${ADD_JARS}:${CLASSPATH}:${ROOT_DIR}/lib/myApp.jar:\
${ROOT_DIR}/lib/jibx/jibx-run.jar:\
${ROOT_DIR}/lib/jibx/xpp3.jar:\
${ROOT_DIR}/lib/bindings.jar:\
${ROOT_DIR}/lib/commons-lang-2.0.jar:\
${ROOT_DIR}/lib/forms-1.0.5.jar"
"${JAVACMD}" -Xmx256M -DanyDefsNeeded=foobar -Dbase.dir="${ROOT_DIR}" -cp "${CLASSPATH}" myApp.main.Launcher "$#"
What goes into the shell script depends totally on what your app actually needs to start up.

A jar. If it is not executable, then a script (.sh) to launch the jar.

Well basically what you wanna put in a .sh file is the commands you'd normally type at the console to run your jar file. They should be separated by a new line (i.e. each on a separate line in the .sh file).
The most basic you can go is add something like this to your sh file:
java -Xms=64m -Xmx=256m -jar myJar.jar -classpath [dependencies dir]/dep1.jar,[dependencies dir]/dep2.jar
beyond this you can do more exotic stuff, like parametrise some environment variables, get command line argumens from when the .sh is launched and pass them to the jar executatble etc. Look up "bash scripting" for advanced stuff:
http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Bash-Prog-Intro-HOWTO-2.html#ss2.1

You might have better luck using Launch4J, IzPack or other installer that has cross-platform capabilities. This might be a better first option than trying to understand the intricacies and idiosyncrasies of the different Linux distributions and shells.

If your app. has a GUI, the best user experience for installation/deployment can be had by way of Java Web Start. Note that JWS can deploy apps. to Windows, *nix and Mac. and avoids all the maintenance woes of generating 3 separate (platform specific) executables.

How can I convert a .jar to an .exe?

I want to convert a .jar to an .exe for microsoft. Is there any program converter for this?
Also if there's one for Mac and Linux I would appreciate suggestions for those too.

Launch4j works on both Windows and Linux/Mac. But if you're running Linux/Mac, there is a way to embed your jar into a shell script that performs the autolaunch for you, so you have only one runnable file:
exestub.sh:
#!/bin/sh
MYSELF=`which "$0" 2>/dev/null`
[ $? -gt 0 -a -f "$0" ] && MYSELF="./$0"
JAVA_OPT=""
PROG_OPT=""
# Parse options to determine which ones are for Java and which ones are for the Program
while [ $# -gt 0 ] ; do
case $1 in
-Xm*) JAVA_OPT="$JAVA_OPT $1" ;;
-D*) JAVA_OPT="$JAVA_OPT $1" ;;
*) PROG_OPT="$PROG_OPT $1" ;;
esac
shift
done
exec java $JAVA_OPT -jar $MYSELF $PROG_OPT
Then you create your runnable file from your jar:
$ cat exestub.sh myrunnablejar.jar > myrunnable
$ chmod +x myrunnable
It works the same way launch4j works: because a jar has a zip format, which header is located at the end of the file. You can have any header you want (either binary executable or, like here, shell script) and run java -jar <myexe>, as <myexe> is a valid zip/jar file.

If your program is "publicly available non-commercial in nature" and has "a publicly available Web site that meets the basic quality standards", then you can try and get a free license of Excelsior. If its not then it's expensive, but still a viable option.
Program: https://www.excelsiorjet.com
As a side note: Here's a study of all existing Jar to EXE programs, which is a bit depressing - https://www.excelsior-usa.com/articles/java-to-exe.html

Despite this being against the general SO policy on these matters, this seems to be what the OP genuinely wants:
http://www.google.com/search?btnG=1&pws=0&q=java+executable+wrapper
If you'd like, you could also try creating the appropriate batch or script file containing the single line:
java -jar MyJar.jar
Or in many cases on windows just double clicking the executable jar.

I used Launch4J and it works flawlessy,
First, Go to your jdk and copy the bin and lib folder
Then create a folder for your app and make a folder called jre-(version),
Then paste these inside
Then open launch4j Put the exe file's path (Inside the app's folder)
Then go the jre option and inside bundled paths type jre-(version)
Then in minimun version type the version of the java you coded it in.
Then in the jre option put "Only use private jdk runtimes"
Then hit the gear icon. It will open a file chooser.
Choose your application's folder, done
Now open the exe file generated. It should work.
In case it does not, try the test run button (The green play one). If it says LinkageError in the console below, then in the jvm-options type --enable-preview. It should work.
I hope it helped.

For Windows, you can convert jar to exe using following ways:
Using Netbeans
https://erainnovator.com/convert-jar-to-exe-file/
Using Excelsior JET
https://youtu.be/iQSfUb8chjg

if you need to convert from .jar to .exe from java 14 you can used jpackage
jpackage is a command-line tool to create native installers and
packages for Java applications.
this article will help you

Linux Daemon written in Java location

I'm currently writing a Java daemon. I'm writing a script that will have the standard daemon commands (start, stop, restart, status) and I'm trying to decide on where things should go when installing the daemon.
My current idea is:
PID File: /var/run/myapp.pid
Daemon Script: /etc/init.d/myapp
Java App (.jar): /usr/bin/myapp
Logs: /var/log/myapp.err, /var/log/myapp.log, /var/log/myapp.info (you get the idea)
Configs: /etc/myapp.conf (or /etc/myapp/configs-go-here if I have more than one in the future)
I'm still new to the Linux directory structure so if I'm doing something wrong let me know. Whats confusing me the most is that my Java app is a .jar file (archive) and not a binary. So does that mean that /usr/bin/ isn't the "right" place for it?

You could put the .jar file in /usr/lib/myapp/myapp.jar and make the startup script do java -j /usr/lib/myapp/myapp.jar
Looking it from that side, the jar is effectively a library that the /usr/bin/java binary uses, so those locations look good to me.

The /usr/lib/myapp/myapp.jar suggestion is on the right track, but /usr/lib is for architecture-specific files - since Java jar archives are platform-independent, /usr/share/myapp/myapp.jar is a better location.

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