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How to fetch record from db by ID?

I got this code, but I think this is bad approach, what if there are like 100k results, it will return 100k new People? Are there any other methods that I could use for e.g ResultSetExtractor but Im not quite sure how to implement that. Also, should I use try catch block?
public Optional<Person> getPerson(int id) {
String sql = "SELECT id, name FROM people WHERE id = ?";
List<Person> people = jdbcTemplate.query(sql, (result, index) -> {
return new Person(
result.getInt("id"),
result.getString("name")
);
}, id);
return people.stream().findFirst();
}

in a correct design the id field should be unique for every person so this code should only find 1 person as a result.
If the id field is not unique then it is not a good design but the code you wrote would be correct. You dont need try - catch because you a are using a list to store the results so even if theres more than 1 result it wont produce an exception. But that also doesnt make sense because in the end the method is only returning 1 person (people.stream.findFirst()).

If you change the query from
"SELECT id, name FROM people WHERE id = ?"
to
"SELECT id, name FROM people WHERE id = ? LIMIT 1"
it will only return the first person with a matching id.
However, id should ideally be unique for each person and the original query will return atmost one result in that case.

How to know the missing items from Spring Data JPA's findAllById method in an efficient way?

Consider this code snippet below:
List<String> usersList = Arrays.asList("john", "jack", "jill", "xxxx", "yyyy");
List<User> userEntities = userRepo.findAllById(usersList);
User class is a simple Entity object annotated with #Entity and has an #Id field which is of String datatype.
Assume that in db I have rows corresponding to "john", "jack" and "jill". Even though I passed 5 items in usersList(along with "xxxx" and "yyyy"), findAllById method would only return 3 items/entities corresponding to "john","jack",and "jill".
Now after the call to findAllById method, what's the best, easy and efficient(better than O(n^2) perhaps) way to find out the missing items which findAllById method did not return?(In this case, it would be "xxxx" and "yyyy").

Using Java Sets
You could use a set as the source of filtering:
Set<String> usersSet = new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList("john", "jack", "jill", "xxxx", "yyyy"));
And now you could create a predicate to filter those not present:
Set<String> foundIds = userRepo.findAllById(usersSet)
.stream()
.map(User::getId)
.collect(Collectors.toSet());
I assume the filter should be O(n) to go over the entire results.
Or you could change your repository to return a set of users ideally using a form of distinct clause:
Set<String> foundIds = userRepo.findDistinctById(usersSet)
.stream()
.map(User::getId)
.collect(Collectors.toSet());;
And then you can just apply a set operator:
usersSet.removeAll(foundIds);
And now usersSet contains the users not found in your result.
And a set has a O(1) complexity to find an item. So, I assume this should be O(sizeOf(userSet)) to remove them all.
Alternatively, you could iterate over the foundIds and gradually remove items from the userSet. Then you could short-circuit the loop algorithm in the event you realize that there are no more userSet items to remove (i.e. the set is empty).
Filtering Directly from Database
Now to avoid all this, you can probably define a native query and run it in your JPA repository to retrieve only users from your list which didn't exist in the database. The query would be somewhat as follows that I did in PostgreSQL:
WITH my_users AS(
SELECT 'john' AS id UNION SELECT 'jack' UNION SELECT 'jill'
)
SELECT id FROM my_users mu
WHERE NOT EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM users u WHERE u.id = mu.id);
Spring Data: JDBC Example
Since the query is dynamic (i.e. the filtering set could be of different sizes every time), we need to build the query dynamically. And I don't believe JPA has a way to do this, but a native query might do the trick.
You could either pack a JdbcTemplate query directly into your repository or use JPA native queries manually.
#Repository
public class UserRepository {
private final JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
public UserRepository(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) {this.jdbcTemplate = jdbcTemplate;}
public Set<String> getUserIdNotFound(Set<String> userIds) {
StringBuilder sql = new StringBuilder();
for(String userId : userIds) {
if(sql.length() > 0) {
sql.append(" UNION ");
}
sql.append("SELECT ? AS id");
}
String query = String.format("WITH my_users AS (%sql)", sql) +
"SELECT id FROM my_users mu WHERE NOT EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM users u WHERE u.id = mu.id)";
List<String> myUsers = jdbcTemplate.queryForList(query, userIds.toArray(), String.class);
return new HashSet<>(myUsers);
}
}
Then we just do:
Set<String> usersIds = Set.of("john", "jack", "jill", "xxxx", "yyyy");
Set<String> notFoundIds = userRepo.getUserIdNotFound(usersIds);
There is probably a way to do it with JPA native queries. Let me see if I can do one of those and put it in the answer later on.

You can write your own algorithm that finds missing users. For example:
List<String> missing = new ArrayList<>(usersList);
for (User user : userEntities){
String userId = user.getId();
missing.remove(userId);
}
In the result you will have a list of user-ids that are missing:
"xxxx" and "yyyy"

You can just add a method to your repo:
findByIdNotIn(Collection<String> ids) and Spring will make the query:
See here:
https://docs.spring.io/spring-data/jpa/docs/current/reference/html/#jpa.query-methods
Note (from the docs):
In and NotIn also take any subclass of Collection as aparameter as well as arrays or varargs.

How to get an integer value using hibernate createSQLQuery?

I need to fetch the result of the following query but i am getting a typecast exception. Kindly help out!
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM ( SELECT DISTINCT a.PROPSTAT_CODE,a.PROPSTAT_DESC,a.PROPSTAT_TYPE FROM CNFGTR_PROPSTAT_MSTR a WHERE 1 = 1 )
My code is given below,
Query query = session.createSQLQuery(sqlQuery);
listRes = query.list();
int ans = ((Integer)listRes.get(0)).intValue();
Thanks in advance

Since you say that you are wrapping the above query in another query that returns the count, then this will give you want, without having to convert to any other data types.
Integer count = (Integer) session.createSQLQuery("select count(*) as num_results from (SELECT DISTINCT a.PROPSTAT_CODE,a.PROPSTAT_DESC,a.PROPSTAT_TYPE FROM CNFGTR_PROPSTAT_MSTR a WHERE 1 = 1)")
.addScalar("num_results", new IntegerType())
.uniqueResult();
System.err.println(count);
The trick is the call to "addScalar". This tells Hibernate you want the data type of "num_results" pre-converted to an Integer, regardless of what your specific DB implementation or JDBC driver prefers. Without this, Hibernate will use the type preferred by the JDBC driver, which explains why different answers here have different casts. Setting the desired result type specifically removes all guesswork about your returned data type, gives you the correct results, and has the added bonus of being more portable, should you ever wish to run your application against a different relational database. If you make the call to "list" instead of "uniqueResult" then you can assign the results directly to a List

Use long instead of int. Hibernate returns count(*) as long not int.
Query query = session.createSQLQuery(sqlQuery);
listRes = query.list();
long ans = (long)listRes.get(0);

Well.. I suppose this should work:
Query query = session.createSQLQuery(sqlQuery);
List listRes = query.list();
int ans = ((BigDecimal) listRes.get(0)).intValue();
Note: you need to import java.math.BigDecimal

List number=session.createSQLQuery("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM devicemaster WHERE ClientId="+id).list();
session.getTransaction().commit();
int ans = ((java.math.BigInteger) number.get(0)).intValue();

get all the values in where clause for empty stirng using hibernate

i am building a shopping cart using jsp and hibernate.
i am filtering the content by brand size and price using checkboxes
the checked checkboxes are returned to the class where hql query exists.
so i want i single hql query that can handle this.
as like if one of the parameter like size is empty (means user doesnt uses it to filter the content ) than an empty string is passed to the hql query which returns any value...
so is there anything possible that all values can be retrived in where clause for empty string or some other alternative except coding different methods for different parameter...

I typically use the Criteria api for things like this... if the user does not specify a size, do not add it to the criteria query.
Criteria criteria = session.createCriteria(MyClass.class);
if(size != null && !size.isEmpty()){
criteria.add(Restrictions.eq("size", size);
}
To have multiple restrictions via an OR statement, you use Disjunction. For an AND, you use Conjunction.
Criteria criteria = session.createCriteria(MyClass.class);
Disjunction sizeDisjunction = Restrictions.disjunction();
String[] sizes = { "small", "medium", "large" };
for(int i = 0; i < sizes.length; i++){
sizeDisjunction.add(Restrictions.eq("size", sizes[i]);
}
criteria.add(sizeDisjunction );

First, good practices say that instead of passing and empty String to the query, you should pass null instead. That said, this hql should help you:
from Product p
where p.brand = coalesce(:brand, p.brand)
and p.size = coalesce(:size, p.size)
and p.price = coalesce (:price, p.price)

HQL Object set from set

I got a Set<UserDTO> collection in a not Hibernate object, and I got a User domain entity in Hibernate.
UserDTO contains less information about user (only id and name)
How can I select full Hibernate User Set/List from the DTO object?
Like this?
Set<UserDTO> setDTO = .....
String hql = "FROM User WHERE id IN (:userDTO )";
Query query = entityManager.createQuery(hql);
query.setParameter("userDTO", setDTO);
return query.getResultList();
Thanks

Almost. But you'd have to extract the IDs in a separate collection first:
Set<Long> ids = new HashSet<Long>(setDTO.size());
for (UserDTO dto : setDTO) {
ids.add(dto.getId());
}
Then proceed with the query, and pass the ids set as param.

Don't forget that you need to use Query#setParameterList() instead of Query#setParameter.