Convert File object to byte array - java

I am developing an application which I capture videos in it. I am saving the recorded videos to the phone. What I want to do is to convert the saved files to byte arrays.

// Serialize to a byte array
ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
ObjectOutput out = new ObjectOutputStream(bos);
out.writeObject(yourObject);
out.close();
// Get the bytes of the serialized object
byte[] buf = bos.toByteArray();
//write bytes to private storage on filesystem
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutPutStream("/....your path...");
fos.write(buf);
fos.close();

You can use this code which may help you:
public static byte[] getBytesFromFile(File file) throws IOException {
InputStream is = new FileInputStream(file);
System.out.println("\nDEBUG: FileInputStream is " + file);
// Get the size of the file
long length = file.length();
System.out.println("DEBUG: Length of " + file + " is " + length + "\n");
/*
* You cannot create an array using a long type. It needs to be an int
* type. Before converting to an int type, check to ensure that file is
* not loarger than Integer.MAX_VALUE;
*/
if (length > Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
System.out.println("File is too large to process");
return null;
}
// Create the byte array to hold the data
byte[] bytes = new byte[(int)length];
// Read in the bytes
int offset = 0;
int numRead = 0;
while ((offset < bytes.length) && ((numRead=is.read(bytes, offset, bytes.length-offset)) >= 0)) {
offset += numRead;
}
// Ensure all the bytes have been read in
if (offset < bytes.length) {
throw new IOException("Could not completely read file " + file.getName());
}
is.close();
return bytes;}

Related

Servlet getContentLength() returns > 0 but getInputStream().available() returns 0 [duplicate]

How do I read an entire InputStream into a byte array?
You can use Apache Commons IO to handle this and similar tasks.
The IOUtils type has a static method to read an InputStream and return a byte[].
InputStream is;
byte[] bytes = IOUtils.toByteArray(is);
Internally this creates a ByteArrayOutputStream and copies the bytes to the output, then calls toByteArray(). It handles large files by copying the bytes in blocks of 4KiB.
You need to read each byte from your InputStream and write it to a ByteArrayOutputStream.
You can then retrieve the underlying byte array by calling toByteArray():
InputStream is = ...
ByteArrayOutputStream buffer = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
int nRead;
byte[] data = new byte[16384];
while ((nRead = is.read(data, 0, data.length)) != -1) {
buffer.write(data, 0, nRead);
}
return buffer.toByteArray();
Finally, after twenty years, there’s a simple solution without the need for a 3rd party library, thanks to Java 9:
InputStream is;
…
byte[] array = is.readAllBytes();
Note also the convenience methods readNBytes(byte[] b, int off, int len) and transferTo(OutputStream) addressing recurring needs.
Use vanilla Java's DataInputStream and its readFully Method (exists since at least Java 1.4):
...
byte[] bytes = new byte[(int) file.length()];
DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));
dis.readFully(bytes);
...
There are some other flavors of this method, but I use this all the time for this use case.
If you happen to use Google Guava, it'll be as simple as using ByteStreams:
byte[] bytes = ByteStreams.toByteArray(inputStream);
Safe solution (close streams correctly):
Java 9 and newer:
final byte[] bytes;
try (inputStream) {
bytes = inputStream.readAllBytes();
}
Java 8 and older:
public static byte[] readAllBytes(InputStream inputStream) throws IOException {
final int bufLen = 4 * 0x400; // 4KB
byte[] buf = new byte[bufLen];
int readLen;
IOException exception = null;
try {
try (ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream()) {
while ((readLen = inputStream.read(buf, 0, bufLen)) != -1)
outputStream.write(buf, 0, readLen);
return outputStream.toByteArray();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
exception = e;
throw e;
} finally {
if (exception == null) inputStream.close();
else try {
inputStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
exception.addSuppressed(e);
}
}
}
Kotlin (when Java 9+ isn't accessible):
#Throws(IOException::class)
fun InputStream.readAllBytes(): ByteArray {
val bufLen = 4 * 0x400 // 4KB
val buf = ByteArray(bufLen)
var readLen: Int = 0
ByteArrayOutputStream().use { o ->
this.use { i ->
while (i.read(buf, 0, bufLen).also { readLen = it } != -1)
o.write(buf, 0, readLen)
}
return o.toByteArray()
}
}
To avoid nested use see here.
Scala (when Java 9+ isn't accessible) (By #Joan. Thx):
def readAllBytes(inputStream: InputStream): Array[Byte] =
Stream.continually(inputStream.read).takeWhile(_ != -1).map(_.toByte).toArray
As always, also Spring framework (spring-core since 3.2.2) has something for you: StreamUtils.copyToByteArray()
public static byte[] getBytesFromInputStream(InputStream is) throws IOException {
ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
byte[] buffer = new byte[0xFFFF];
for (int len = is.read(buffer); len != -1; len = is.read(buffer)) {
os.write(buffer, 0, len);
}
return os.toByteArray();
}
In-case someone is still looking for a solution without dependency and If you have a file.
DataInputStream
byte[] data = new byte[(int) file.length()];
DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));
dis.readFully(data);
dis.close();
ByteArrayOutputStream
InputStream is = new FileInputStream(file);
ByteArrayOutputStream buffer = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
int nRead;
byte[] data = new byte[(int) file.length()];
while ((nRead = is.read(data, 0, data.length)) != -1) {
buffer.write(data, 0, nRead);
}
RandomAccessFile
RandomAccessFile raf = new RandomAccessFile(file, "r");
byte[] data = new byte[(int) raf.length()];
raf.readFully(data);
Do you really need the image as a byte[]? What exactly do you expect in the byte[] - the complete content of an image file, encoded in whatever format the image file is in, or RGB pixel values?
Other answers here show you how to read a file into a byte[]. Your byte[] will contain the exact contents of the file, and you'd need to decode that to do anything with the image data.
Java's standard API for reading (and writing) images is the ImageIO API, which you can find in the package javax.imageio. You can read in an image from a file with just a single line of code:
BufferedImage image = ImageIO.read(new File("image.jpg"));
This will give you a BufferedImage, not a byte[]. To get at the image data, you can call getRaster() on the BufferedImage. This will give you a Raster object, which has methods to access the pixel data (it has several getPixel() / getPixels() methods).
Lookup the API documentation for javax.imageio.ImageIO, java.awt.image.BufferedImage, java.awt.image.Raster etc.
ImageIO supports a number of image formats by default: JPEG, PNG, BMP, WBMP and GIF. It's possible to add support for more formats (you'd need a plug-in that implements the ImageIO service provider interface).
See also the following tutorial: Working with Images
If you don't want to use the Apache commons-io library, this snippet is taken from the sun.misc.IOUtils class. It's nearly twice as fast as the common implementation using ByteBuffers:
public static byte[] readFully(InputStream is, int length, boolean readAll)
throws IOException {
byte[] output = {};
if (length == -1) length = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
int pos = 0;
while (pos < length) {
int bytesToRead;
if (pos >= output.length) { // Only expand when there's no room
bytesToRead = Math.min(length - pos, output.length + 1024);
if (output.length < pos + bytesToRead) {
output = Arrays.copyOf(output, pos + bytesToRead);
}
} else {
bytesToRead = output.length - pos;
}
int cc = is.read(output, pos, bytesToRead);
if (cc < 0) {
if (readAll && length != Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
throw new EOFException("Detect premature EOF");
} else {
if (output.length != pos) {
output = Arrays.copyOf(output, pos);
}
break;
}
}
pos += cc;
}
return output;
}
ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
while (true) {
int r = in.read(buffer);
if (r == -1) break;
out.write(buffer, 0, r);
}
byte[] ret = out.toByteArray();
#Adamski: You can avoid buffer entirely.
Code copied from http://www.exampledepot.com/egs/java.io/File2ByteArray.html (Yes, it is very verbose, but needs half the size of memory as the other solution.)
// Returns the contents of the file in a byte array.
public static byte[] getBytesFromFile(File file) throws IOException {
InputStream is = new FileInputStream(file);
// Get the size of the file
long length = file.length();
// You cannot create an array using a long type.
// It needs to be an int type.
// Before converting to an int type, check
// to ensure that file is not larger than Integer.MAX_VALUE.
if (length > Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
// File is too large
}
// Create the byte array to hold the data
byte[] bytes = new byte[(int)length];
// Read in the bytes
int offset = 0;
int numRead = 0;
while (offset < bytes.length
&& (numRead=is.read(bytes, offset, bytes.length-offset)) >= 0) {
offset += numRead;
}
// Ensure all the bytes have been read in
if (offset < bytes.length) {
throw new IOException("Could not completely read file "+file.getName());
}
// Close the input stream and return bytes
is.close();
return bytes;
}
Input Stream is ...
ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
int next = in.read();
while (next > -1) {
bos.write(next);
next = in.read();
}
bos.flush();
byte[] result = bos.toByteArray();
bos.close();
Java 9 will give you finally a nice method:
InputStream in = ...;
ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
in.transferTo( bos );
byte[] bytes = bos.toByteArray();
We are seeing some delay for few AWS transaction, while converting S3 object to ByteArray.
Note: S3 Object is PDF document (max size is 3 mb).
We are using the option #1 (org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils) to convert the S3 object to ByteArray. We have noticed S3 provide the inbuild IOUtils method to convert the S3 object to ByteArray, we are request you to confirm what is the best way to convert the S3 object to ByteArray to avoid the delay.
Option #1:
import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
is = s3object.getObjectContent();
content =IOUtils.toByteArray(is);
Option #2:
import com.amazonaws.util.IOUtils;
is = s3object.getObjectContent();
content =IOUtils.toByteArray(is);
Also let me know if we have any other better way to convert the s3 object to bytearray
I know it's too late but here I think is cleaner solution that's more readable...
/**
* method converts {#link InputStream} Object into byte[] array.
*
* #param stream the {#link InputStream} Object.
* #return the byte[] array representation of received {#link InputStream} Object.
* #throws IOException if an error occurs.
*/
public static byte[] streamToByteArray(InputStream stream) throws IOException {
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
int line = 0;
// read bytes from stream, and store them in buffer
while ((line = stream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
// Writes bytes from byte array (buffer) into output stream.
os.write(buffer, 0, line);
}
stream.close();
os.flush();
os.close();
return os.toByteArray();
}
I tried to edit #numan's answer with a fix for writing garbage data but edit was rejected. While this short piece of code is nothing brilliant I can't see any other better answer. Here's what makes most sense to me:
ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; // you can configure the buffer size
int length;
while ((length = in.read(buffer)) != -1) out.write(buffer, 0, length); //copy streams
in.close(); // call this in a finally block
byte[] result = out.toByteArray();
btw ByteArrayOutputStream need not be closed. try/finally constructs omitted for readability
See the InputStream.available() documentation:
It is particularly important to realize that you must not use this
method to size a container and assume that you can read the entirety
of the stream without needing to resize the container. Such callers
should probably write everything they read to a ByteArrayOutputStream
and convert that to a byte array. Alternatively, if you're reading
from a file, File.length returns the current length of the file
(though assuming the file's length can't change may be incorrect,
reading a file is inherently racy).
Wrap it in a DataInputStream if that is off the table for some reason, just use read to hammer on it until it gives you a -1 or the entire block you asked for.
public int readFully(InputStream in, byte[] data) throws IOException {
int offset = 0;
int bytesRead;
boolean read = false;
while ((bytesRead = in.read(data, offset, data.length - offset)) != -1) {
read = true;
offset += bytesRead;
if (offset >= data.length) {
break;
}
}
return (read) ? offset : -1;
}
Java 8 way (thanks to BufferedReader and Adam Bien)
private static byte[] readFully(InputStream input) throws IOException {
try (BufferedReader buffer = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(input))) {
return buffer.lines().collect(Collectors.joining("\n")).getBytes(<charset_can_be_specified>);
}
}
Note that this solution wipes carriage return ('\r') and can be inappropriate.
The other case to get correct byte array via stream, after send request to server and waiting for the response.
/**
* Begin setup TCP connection to PC app
* to open integrate connection between mobile app and pc app (or mobile app)
*/
mSocket = new Socket(IP, port);
// mSocket.setSoTimeout(30000);
DataOutputStream mDos = new DataOutputStream(mSocket.getOutputStream());
String str = "MobileRequest#" + params[0] + "#<EOF>";
mDos.write(str.getBytes());
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
/* Since data are accepted as byte, all of them will be collected in the
following byte array which initialised with accepted data length. */
DataInputStream mDis = new DataInputStream(mSocket.getInputStream());
byte[] data = new byte[mDis.available()];
// Collecting data into byte array
for (int i = 0; i < data.length; i++)
data[i] = mDis.readByte();
// Converting collected data in byte array into String.
String RESPONSE = new String(data);
You're doing an extra copy if you use ByteArrayOutputStream. If you know the length of the stream before you start reading it (e.g. the InputStream is actually a FileInputStream, and you can call file.length() on the file, or the InputStream is a zipfile entry InputStream, and you can call zipEntry.length()), then it's far better to write directly into the byte[] array -- it uses half the memory, and saves time.
// Read the file contents into a byte[] array
byte[] buf = new byte[inputStreamLength];
int bytesRead = Math.max(0, inputStream.read(buf));
// If needed: for safety, truncate the array if the file may somehow get
// truncated during the read operation
byte[] contents = bytesRead == inputStreamLength ? buf
: Arrays.copyOf(buf, bytesRead);
N.B. the last line above deals with files getting truncated while the stream is being read, if you need to handle that possibility, but if the file gets longer while the stream is being read, the contents in the byte[] array will not be lengthened to include the new file content, the array will simply be truncated to the old length inputStreamLength.
I use this.
public static byte[] toByteArray(InputStream is) throws IOException {
ByteArrayOutputStream output = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
try {
byte[] b = new byte[4096];
int n = 0;
while ((n = is.read(b)) != -1) {
output.write(b, 0, n);
}
return output.toByteArray();
} finally {
output.close();
}
}
This is my copy-paste version:
#SuppressWarnings("empty-statement")
public static byte[] inputStreamToByte(InputStream is) throws IOException {
if (is == null) {
return null;
}
// Define a size if you have an idea of it.
ByteArrayOutputStream r = new ByteArrayOutputStream(2048);
byte[] read = new byte[512]; // Your buffer size.
for (int i; -1 != (i = is.read(read)); r.write(read, 0, i));
is.close();
return r.toByteArray();
}
Java 7 and later:
import sun.misc.IOUtils;
...
InputStream in = ...;
byte[] buf = IOUtils.readFully(in, -1, false);
You can try Cactoos:
byte[] array = new BytesOf(stream).bytes();
Here is an optimized version, that tries to avoid copying data bytes as much as possible:
private static byte[] loadStream (InputStream stream) throws IOException {
int available = stream.available();
int expectedSize = available > 0 ? available : -1;
return loadStream(stream, expectedSize);
}
private static byte[] loadStream (InputStream stream, int expectedSize) throws IOException {
int basicBufferSize = 0x4000;
int initialBufferSize = (expectedSize >= 0) ? expectedSize : basicBufferSize;
byte[] buf = new byte[initialBufferSize];
int pos = 0;
while (true) {
if (pos == buf.length) {
int readAhead = -1;
if (pos == expectedSize) {
readAhead = stream.read(); // test whether EOF is at expectedSize
if (readAhead == -1) {
return buf;
}
}
int newBufferSize = Math.max(2 * buf.length, basicBufferSize);
buf = Arrays.copyOf(buf, newBufferSize);
if (readAhead != -1) {
buf[pos++] = (byte)readAhead;
}
}
int len = stream.read(buf, pos, buf.length - pos);
if (len < 0) {
return Arrays.copyOf(buf, pos);
}
pos += len;
}
}
Solution in Kotlin (will work in Java too, of course), which includes both cases of when you know the size or not:
fun InputStream.readBytesWithSize(size: Long): ByteArray? {
return when {
size < 0L -> this.readBytes()
size == 0L -> ByteArray(0)
size > Int.MAX_VALUE -> null
else -> {
val sizeInt = size.toInt()
val result = ByteArray(sizeInt)
readBytesIntoByteArray(result, sizeInt)
result
}
}
}
fun InputStream.readBytesIntoByteArray(byteArray: ByteArray,bytesToRead:Int=byteArray.size) {
var offset = 0
while (true) {
val read = this.read(byteArray, offset, bytesToRead - offset)
if (read == -1)
break
offset += read
if (offset >= bytesToRead)
break
}
}
If you know the size, it saves you on having double the memory used compared to the other solutions (in a brief moment, but still could be useful). That's because you have to read the entire stream to the end, and then convert it to a byte array (similar to ArrayList which you convert to just an array).
So, if you are on Android, for example, and you got some Uri to handle, you can try to get the size using this:
fun getStreamLengthFromUri(context: Context, uri: Uri): Long {
context.contentResolver.query(uri, arrayOf(MediaStore.MediaColumns.SIZE), null, null, null)?.use {
if (!it.moveToNext())
return#use
val fileSize = it.getLong(it.getColumnIndex(MediaStore.MediaColumns.SIZE))
if (fileSize > 0)
return fileSize
}
//if you wish, you can also get the file-path from the uri here, and then try to get its size, using this: https://stackoverflow.com/a/61835665/878126
FileUtilEx.getFilePathFromUri(context, uri, false)?.use {
val file = it.file
val fileSize = file.length()
if (fileSize > 0)
return fileSize
}
context.contentResolver.openInputStream(uri)?.use { inputStream ->
if (inputStream is FileInputStream)
return inputStream.channel.size()
else {
var bytesCount = 0L
while (true) {
val available = inputStream.available()
if (available == 0)
break
val skip = inputStream.skip(available.toLong())
if (skip < 0)
break
bytesCount += skip
}
if (bytesCount > 0L)
return bytesCount
}
}
return -1L
}
You can use cactoos library with provides reusable object-oriented Java components.
OOP is emphasized by this library, so no static methods, NULLs, and so on, only real objects and their contracts (interfaces).
A simple operation like reading InputStream, can be performed like that
final InputStream input = ...;
final Bytes bytes = new BytesOf(input);
final byte[] array = bytes.asBytes();
Assert.assertArrayEquals(
array,
new byte[]{65, 66, 67}
);
Having a dedicated type Bytes for working with data structure byte[] enables us to use OOP tactics for solving tasks at hand.
Something that a procedural "utility" method will forbid us to do.
For example, you need to enconde bytes you've read from this InputStream to Base64.
In this case you will use Decorator pattern and wrap Bytes object within implementation for Base64.
cactoos already provides such implementation:
final Bytes encoded = new BytesBase64(
new BytesOf(
new InputStreamOf("XYZ")
)
);
Assert.assertEquals(new TextOf(encoded).asString(), "WFla");
You can decode them in the same manner, by using Decorator pattern
final Bytes decoded = new Base64Bytes(
new BytesBase64(
new BytesOf(
new InputStreamOf("XYZ")
)
)
);
Assert.assertEquals(new TextOf(decoded).asString(), "XYZ");
Whatever your task is you will be able to create own implementation of Bytes to solve it.

java zip to binary format and then decompress

I have a task that
read a zip file from local into binary message
transfer binary message through EMS as String (done by java API)
receive transferred binary message as String (done by java API)
decompress the binary message and then print it out
The problem I am facing is DataFormatException while decompress the message.
I have no idea which part went wrong.
I use this to read file into binary message:
static String readFile_Stream(String fileName) throws IOException {
File file = new File(fileName);
byte[] fileData = new byte[(int) file.length()];
FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);
in.read(fileData);
String content = "";
System.out.print("Sent message: ");
for(byte b : fileData)
{
System.out.print(getBits(b));
content += getBits(b);
}
in.close();
return content;
}
static String getBits(byte b)
{
String result = "";
for(int i = 0; i < 8; i++)
result = ((b & (1 << i)) == 0 ? "0" : "1") + result;
return result;
}
I use this to decompress message:
private static byte[] toByteArray(String input)
{
byte[] byteArray = new byte[input.length()/8];
for (int i=0;i<input.length()/8;i++)
{
String read_data = input.substring(i*8, i*8+8);
short a = Short.parseShort(read_data, 2);
byteArray[i] = (byte) a;
}
return byteArray;
}
public static byte[] unzipByteArray(byte[] file) throws IOException {
byte[] byReturn = null;
Inflater oInflate = new Inflater(false);
oInflate.setInput(file);
ByteArrayOutputStream oZipStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
try {
while (! oInflate.finished() ){
byte[] byRead = new byte[4 * 1024];
int iBytesRead = oInflate.inflate(byRead);
if (iBytesRead == byRead.length){
oZipStream.write(byRead);
}
else {
oZipStream.write(byRead, 0, iBytesRead);
}
}
byReturn = oZipStream.toByteArray();
}
catch (DataFormatException ex){
throw new IOException("Attempting to unzip file that is not zipped.");
}
finally {
oZipStream.close();
}
return byReturn;
}
The message I got is
java.io.IOException: Attempting to unzip file that is not zipped.
at com.sourcefreak.example.test.TibcoEMSQueueReceiver.unzipByteArray(TibcoEMSQueueReceiver.java:144)
at com.sourcefreak.example.test.TibcoEMSQueueReceiver.main(TibcoEMSQueueReceiver.java:54)
After check, the binary message does not corrupted after transmission.
Please help to figure out the problem.
Have you tried using InflaterInputStream? Based on my experience, using Inflater directly is rather tricky. You can use this to get started:
public static byte[] unzipByteArray(byte[] file) throws IOException {
InflaterInputStream iis = new InflaterInputStream(new ByteArrayInputStream(file));
ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
byte[] buffer = new byte[512];
int length = 0;
while ((length = iis.read(buffer, 0, buffer.length) != 0) {
baos.write(buffer, 0, length);
}
iis.close();
baos.close();
return baos.toByteArray();
}
I finally figure out the problem.
The problem is the original file is a .zip file, so I should use zipInputStream to unzip the file before further processing.
public static byte[] unzipByteArray(byte[] file) throws IOException {
// create a buffer to improve copy performance later.
byte[] buffer = new byte[2048];
byte[] content ;
// open the zip file stream
InputStream theFile = new ByteArrayInputStream(file);
ZipInputStream stream = new ZipInputStream(theFile);
ByteArrayOutputStream output = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
try
{
ZipEntry entry;
while((entry = stream.getNextEntry())!=null)
{
//String s = String.format("Entry: %s len %d added %TD", entry.getName(), entry.getSize(), new Date(entry.getTime()));
//System.out.println(s);
// Once we get the entry from the stream, the stream is
// positioned read to read the raw data, and we keep
// reading until read returns 0 or less.
//String outpath = outdir + "/" + entry.getName();
try
{
//output = new FileOutputStream(outpath);
int len = 0;
while ((len = stream.read(buffer)) > 0)
{
output.write(buffer, 0, len);
}
}
finally
{
// we must always close the output file
if(output!=null) output.close();
}
}
}
finally
{
// we must always close the zip file.
stream.close();
}
content = output.toByteArray();
return content;
}
This code work for zip file containing single file inside.

How can I take an Image from SD card? And How to convert to an String (base64)

I need Access Images from the sd card. I have their path. How could I Take them and convert to an String base 64?
Do something like this... then, you can read the file as you want.
File dir = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory();
File yourFile = new File(dir, "path/to/the/file/inside/the/sdcard.ext");
try this.
You can use the following code.
File dir = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory();
File yourFile = new File(dir, "path/to/the/file/inside/the/sdcard.ext");
String encodeFileToBase64Binary = encodeFileToBase64Binary(yourFile);
private static String encodeFileToBase64Binary(File fileName) throws IOException {
byte[] bytes = loadFile(fileName);
byte[] encoded = Base64.encodeBase64(bytes);
String encodedString = new String(encoded);
return encodedString;
}
private static byte[] loadFile(File file) throws IOException {
InputStream is = new FileInputStream(file);
long length = file.length();
if (length > Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
// File is too large
}
byte[] bytes = new byte[(int) length];
int offset = 0;
int numRead = 0;
while (offset < bytes.length && (numRead = is.read(bytes, offset, bytes.length - offset)) >= 0) {
offset += numRead;
}
if (offset < bytes.length) {
throw new IOException("Could not completely read file " + file.getName());
}
is.close();
return bytes;
}

Using ImageIO.read to read image through inputstream [duplicate]

I am sending a bufferedImage over a socket and I am using the example found in this post:
Sender
BufferedImage image = ....;
ImageIO.write(image, "PNG", socket.getOutputStream());
Receiver
BufferedImage image = ImageIO.read(socket.getInputStream());
It works - IF, and ONLY IF, I close the sender's outputStream after this line:
ImageIO.write(image, "PNG", socket.getOutputStream());
Is there anything I can do apart from closing the outputStream?
Also, is there anything else I can do to avoid using ImageIO altogether? It seems to take ages to do anything.
Also note that reading or writing to the hard disk in anyway should be avoided at all costs due to performance issues. I need to make this transfer as fast as possible, (I'm experimenting and trying to create a client similar to VNC and saving each screenshot to the hard disk would greatly slow down everything)..
#Jon Skeet
Edit 3:
Sender: (Note that I am sending a JPG image not a PNG).
int filesize;
OutputStream out = c.getClientSocket().getOutputStream();
ByteArrayOutputStream bScrn = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
ImageIO.write(screenshot, "JPG", bScrn);
byte[] imgByte = bScrn.toByteArray();
bScrn.flush();
bScrn.close();
filesize = bScrn.size();
out.write(new String("#FS " + filesize).getBytes()); //Send filesize
out.write(new String("#<IM> \n").getBytes()); //Notify start of image
out.write(imgByte); //Write file
System.out.println("Finished");
Reciever: (where input is the socket input stream)
Attempt #1:
String str = input.toString();
imageBytes = str.getBytes();
InputStream in = new ByteArrayInputStream(imageBytes);
BufferedImage image = ImageIO.read(in);
in.close();
System.out.println("width=" + image.getWidth());
(failed: Nullpointer exception on getWidth() line)
I understand this error to mean "corrupt image" because it couldn't initialize it. correct?
Attempt #2:
byte[] imageBytes = new byte[filesize];
for (int j = 0; i < filesize; i++)
{
imageBytes[j] = (byte) input.read();
}
InputStream in = new ByteArrayInputStream(imageBytes);
BufferedImage image = ImageIO.read(in);
in.close();
System.out.println("width=" + image.getWidth());
(failed: Nullpointer exception on getWidth() line)
Attempt #3:
if (filesize > 0)
{
int writtenBytes = 0;
int bufferSize = client.getReceiveBufferSize();
imageBytes = new byte[filesize]; //Create a byte array as large as the image
byte[] buffer = new byte[bufferSize];//Create buffer
do {
writtenBytes += input.read(buffer); //Fill up buffer
System.out.println(writtenBytes + "/" + filesize); //Show progress
//Copy buffer to the byte array which will contain the full image
System.arraycopy(buffer, 0, imageBytes, writtenBytes, client.getReceiveBufferSize());
writtenBytes+=bufferSize;
} while ((writtenBytes + bufferSize) < filesize);
// Read the remaining bytes
System.arraycopy(buffer, 0, imageBytes, writtenBytes-1, filesize-writtenBytes);
writtenBytes += filesize-writtenBytes;
System.out.println("Finished reading! Total read: " + writtenBytes + "/" + filesize);
}
InputStream in = new ByteArrayInputStream(imageBytes);
BufferedImage image = ImageIO.read(in);
in.close();
(failed: Reciever gives: Null pointer exception)
Attempt 4:
int readBytes = 0;
imageBytes = new byte[filesize]; //Create a byte array as large as the image
while (readBytes < filesize)
{
readBytes += input.read(imageBytes);
}
InputStream in = new ByteArrayInputStream(imageBytes);
BufferedImage image = ImageIO.read(in);
in.close();
System.out.println("width=" + image.getWidth());
(failed: sender gives: java.net.SocketException: Connection reset by peer: socket write error)
Attempt #5:
Using Jon skeet's code snippet, the image arrives, but only partially. I saved it to a file (1.jpg) to see what was going on, and it actually sends 80% of the image, while the rest of the file is filled with blank spaces. This results in a partially corrupt image. Here is the code I tried: (note that captureImg() is not at fault, saving the file directly works)
Sender:
Socket s = new Socket("127.0.0.1", 1290);
OutputStream out = s.getOutputStream();
ByteArrayOutputStream bScrn = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
ImageIO.write(captureImg(), "JPG", bScrn);
byte imgBytes[] = bScrn.toByteArray();
bScrn.close();
out.write((Integer.toString(imgBytes.length)).getBytes());
out.write(imgBytes,0,imgBytes.length);
Reciever:
InputStream in = clientSocket.getInputStream();
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
byte[] b = new byte[30];
int len = in.read(b);
int filesize = Integer.parseInt(new String(b).substring(0, len));
if (filesize > 0)
{
byte[] imgBytes = readExactly(in, filesize);
FileOutputStream f = new FileOutputStream("C:\\Users\\Dan\\Desktop\\Pic\\1.jpg");
f.write(imgBytes);
f.close();
System.out.println("done");
The sender still gives a Connection reset by peer: socket write error.
Click here for full sized image
One option would be to write the image to a ByteArrayOutputStream so you can determine the length, then write that length to the output stream first.
Then on the receiving end, you can read the length, then read that many bytes into a byte array, then create a ByteArrayInputStream to wrap the array and pass that to ImageIO.read().
I'm not entirely surprised that it doesn't work until the output socket is closed normally - after all, a file which contains a valid PNG file and then something else isn't actually a valid PNG file in itself, is it? So the reader needs to read to the end of the stream before it can complete - and the "end" of a network stream only comes when the connection is closed.
EDIT: Here's a method to read the given number of bytes into a new byte array. It's handy to have as a separate "utility" method.
public static byte[] readExactly(InputStream input, int size) throws IOException
{
byte[] data = new byte[size];
int index = 0;
while (index < size)
{
int bytesRead = input.read(data, index, size - index);
if (bytesRead < 0)
{
throw new IOException("Insufficient data in stream");
}
index += bytesRead;
}
return data;
}
for other StackOverflow users like me.
In "Jon Skeet's" answer. Modify the following line of readExactly method.
<<original Line>>
index += size;
<<modified Line>>
index += bytesRead;
To get the full image data.
public static void main(String[] args) {
Socket socket = null;
try {
DataInputStream dis;
socket = new Socket("192.168.1.48",8000);
while (true) {
dis = new DataInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
int len = dis.readInt();
byte[] buffer = new byte[len];
dis.readFully(buffer, 0, len);
BufferedImage im = ImageIO.read(new ByteArrayInputStream(buffer));
jlb.setIcon(new ImageIcon(im));
jfr.add(jlb);
jfr.pack();
jfr.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
jfr.setVisible(true);
System.gc();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
finally {
try {
socket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
In 192.168.1.48:8000 machine python server running and i got stream in java code

Android - Whats the most efficient way to read an inputstream and save as file?

I currently use the following to read a bluetooth inputstream and save it as a file. It works well with small files but then with larger files its creating a large byte array first. Whats the most efficient way of doing this AND making sure that it reads the only the length specified, no more, no less?
public void getAndWrite(InputStream is, long length, String filename)
throws IOException {
// Create the byte array to hold the data
byte[] bytes = new byte[(int) length];
// Read in the bytes
int offset = 0;
int numRead = 0;
while (offset < bytes.length
&& (numRead = is.read(bytes, offset, bytes.length - offset)) >= 0) {
offset += numRead;
}
// Ensure all the bytes have been read in
if (offset < bytes.length) {
throw new IOException("Could not completely read stream ");
}
// Write the byte array to file
FileOutputStream fos = null;
try {
fos = mContext.openFileOutput(filename, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
Log.e(TAG, "Problem finding internal storage", e);
}
try {
fos.write(bytes);
fos.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
Log.e(TAG, "Problem writing file", e);
}
}
int bufferSize = 1024;
byte[] buffer = new byte[bufferSize];
int remaining = length;
int read = 0;
while (remaining > 0
&& (read = in.read(buffer, 0, Math.min(remaining, bufferSize))) >= 0) {
out.write(buffer, 0, read);
remaining -= read;
}
Note that the above makes sure you don't write more that length bytes. But it doesn't make sure you write exactly length bytes. I don't see how you could do this without reading length bytes in memory, or reading length bytes and writing to a temp file, then writing the temp file to the final destination.

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