Crypting and Securing Android data - java

My app picks up the GPS location of the user every 5 minutes, saves it and then sends it to a server.
The problem I'm facing is I need the data stored on the android SD card to be Crypted so no one except me on the server can access it. Also I need to think of a way to make sure that no-one has edited the data except me.
For the last I've thought writing the MD5 checksum of the file each time I close it so when the app opens the file it checkes the MD5 to see if they match.
The problem with this is I think it'll waste resources and battery as I'm already checking for the GPS location every 5 minutes.
Any ideas would be appreciated as for crypting data I've been unable to find the most secure way
Thanks!!!
EDIT: I've already checked subjects on cryptography but everything seems so think that it's vulnerable to anyone with a little time, that's why I'm asking!

You should store your data using Sqlite with SqlCipher:
http://sqlcipher.net/sqlcipher-for-android/
As you say, there is no way to completely prevent the data from being viewed/edited by a determined attacker, as you will have to expose your encryption key either in the program code or a save file somewhere on the system.
However no homegrown solution you or I could write would be any better, this is just the nature of the hardware/OS.
If you want the data safe from reading, I suggest you delete it after transmitting to the server.
Aside, if you're checking GPS every 5 minutes, there is hardly anything you could do that would be a noticeable battery drain compared to that.

Related

Android Caching To Disk

I am wondering if there is a way to cache arbitrary data from web requests onto the disk with Android. The flow I am thinking of is as follows:
The data is stored as a key value pair where the key is some identifier and the value is the raw data. Before actually making my web request, I check to see if the key is in the cache, if so, I skip making the web request. If the key does not exist in the cache, then I make the web request and store the data on the disk. I would like the cached data to be accessible across multiple runs of the app so that I don't have to make the web request again every time I start the app.
I was considering using SharedPreferences for this. Would SharedPreferences be the best way to go about this? Is it okay to store 1 megabyte of data in a single key in SharedPreferences?
The best solution to storing cache files is to store them in a cache directory. Luckily, the Android API provides a solution to this problem: Context#getCacheDir. You are able to create files in the directory returned, you can use a map to store an identifier for each file in order to retrieve them.
Although, this solution has a few limitations:
The system will automatically delete files in this directory as disk space is needed elsewhere on the device.
Cache data should only be used for temporary storage of information.
I may be coming late, but a couple years ago I made a library just for this:
https://github.com/fcopardo/EasyRest
The idea is to allow the app to operate with unstable or no connection without having to implement a secondary data layer for persisting data, instead, it keeps the responses for as long as you want, and refresh them without forcing the user to wait. Take a look, you may get some ideas.

Preventing data modification from outer source in SQLite

I recently created a password manager using Java for my college project in OOP. To handle database I picked SQLite since using MySQL or SQL server was getting hectic for a small project. Though I am already done with the submission, I was thinking if I could do any further improvement in the project.
Biggest drawback that I have observed yet is that if anyone manages to find the location of database in the system (which is way too easy) it would be very simple to open the database.
Now here two problem arises -
User's password list will be visible
Anyone would be able to modify the data using SQLite manager.
In order to solve the first problem, I already used AES encryption and it is working just fine. However, the second problem still remains.
So in a nut shell, How can I prevent my SQLite DB to get modified except from the Password Manager itself?
Point to note that my application is just an offline Password Manager used on a household PC. So, you can consider the level of threat accordingly. Moreover, the Password Manager itself would have to modify the database content, so assigning the permission should be such that it should not prevent the application to do so.
Note: I was wondering if we can use the limitation of SQLite that only one connection to write the data can be established at a time. Using this the intruder won't be able to modify it. But, I am not sure how it can be implemented.
Restrict user access
Only the operating system can secure files against access by unauthorized persons. Put the database into a folder, which is only accessible by the current user, and have a separate database for each user.
Encryption
You're already encrypting the passwords, that's good. If you want to encrypt the whole database, you could have a look at the SQLite Encryption Extension.
The SQLite Encryption Extension (SEE) is an add-on to the public domain version of SQLite that allows an application to read and write encrypted database files.
Also have a look at the question SQLite with encryption/password protection.
Attack
What would actually happen if someone has access to the database file?
If the database is secured properly, the attacker is not able to get the plain passwords (at least not in reasonable time). In the worst case a password is replaced by another one, but that would achieve nothing, besides you using the wrong password and maybe resetting it. Therefore the worst case would be that you'll lose your saved passwords.
You can do nothing to prevent a data loss on a single machine. For example hard disks sometimes just stop working, someone could steal the whole PC, format the hard disk, etc.
Backups
If you really want to make sure that the data is not modified, you need to keep backups on different machines to minimize the possiblity that someone has access to all of them. For example you could upload the database file to a cloud service. Then you sign the file, so that you can see if a file was compromise and if so fallback to another version.
Conclusion
Your password manager is good enough for an offline tool. If you want to improve the data integrity you have to transfer the data to other machines.

Reduce data usage in an application supports offline-mode

I am working with an application which has offline mode. In order to do that we store the information in a local SQLite Database and using Content Provider which provides a wrapper around the SQLite, and sync it every once in a while with the data from the web service.
We are also keeping the images which are taken by user on the sdcard and send them to the server during the sync service.
The problem is bandwidth and data usage. In Android 4.0+, we have a section in device setting named Data usage. It is showing too much data usage and it annoyed the users.
My first question is : Do you think using ProGaurd which is a tool to shrink the code, can have any impact on reducing the Data Usage?
I would appreciate if you share any experience and suggestion with me in order to reduce the Data usage in such an app.
Addenda:
1 - User login to the system and during first sync sqlite file generated and transferred from REST (initialization).
2 - We have sync-status flag for entries in database. If record(using json string for data) or picture is not synced, it will transfer to the REST during sync and status-flag get updated.
3 - An updated database file receives from REST and merge with the current database on the phone in the sync service (if initialization is already done).
ProGuard has nothing to do with the amount of data you send/receive from a server. ProGuard can shrink and obfuscate code (thus making your APK smaller).
You need to analyze the data you send and receive. There is no silver bullet here that will magically solve any bandwidth issues you may come across in an app. You need to ask yourself several questions and take action depending on your answers:
What kind of numbers are we talking about?
In 2011 the average bandwidth use of an app was around 10MB per hour. There are probably more recent surveys if you search a bit. Are you far above the average number? If not, then I don't think you have to worry too much.
How often do you send and receive data?
If it's a real-time app that absolutely require live data then there's little you can do. If it's not a real-time app maybe you can reduce the frequency of send/receive or wait and collect more data before sending it to reduce overhead? If you're sending many small chunks of data you'll get a lot of overhead in HTTP headers and so on. Hold on to the small chunks a while longer and send them in one go to change the data to overhead ratio.
Can you change the protocol?
Maybe you can send data over a socket instead of HTTP to reduce overhead? By your description it doesn't sound like this would work in your case.
Can you compress data before sending it?
Make sure that your server GZips data before sending it to the client. There is a lot to gain by doing this.
Can you use another data format (binary, json, xml, custom)?
You mention that you use JSON. JSON usually/always perform better than XML, so you're already good there, but maybe you can send data in another format that is even more compact?

Android GTFS app

I'm trying to work on an app which uses GTFS. This may seems like a stupid question but I couldn't find any answer to it.
The GTFS for Israel, a rather small country with not so many buses infrastructure, is around 120 MB zipped file.
Right now the only possible way I could think of for getting it working is to download the file, but downloading 120 MB using the phone could take quite a long time. Sure you can do this only once and save it in a database on the phone, but it still requires downloading 120 MB.
Since it is zipped, I can't unzip it over the server and than just get the txt files..
So basically I'm asking, How can I get the information to the phone, without downloading the zipped file?
I've seen and used apps which uses that same GTFS file, and they load up really fast, even on the first load..
I hope you understand my issue, not sure how to explain it better.
Thanks!
P.s I would make an iPhone app too, and it's the same issue, hence the iPhone tag
One approach might be to preprocess the GTFS data during your app development. You could load it into a SQLite database, and use Core Data to get the data you need out of the file at runtime. This also gives you an opportunity to include only the data that you actually need for your app - it doesn't make sense to ask users to download extra data that they won't need.
Use protocol binary format (pbf) formely google and now open source. It is compact and very fast searchable, so no need to decompress it on a device and load it into a database on that device because pbf acts as a database. Just include pbf library in your code to query it. Of course you have to compress it once before distributing the data online.

Ways to handle huge XML/JSON files

I'm looking to create an Android (altho for iOS the problem will be the same) application which will function pretty much as a webshop.
It will contain a lot of products - which can be acces through any way we want since that still has to be build.
The problem is, we created a plain text file to test the size, and it turns out that even a selection of the products, with no structure (XML, JSON..) is already 300mb.
Once we add a structure, this will logically only cause more overhead and increase this size.
Like I said, pretty much anything is possible in matters of receiving the data.
They can build an API to be able to fetch products once at a time when needed, or 1 big file to parse in a background process...
However, one of the wishes is being (as much as possible) offline. This would normally mean saving all the data into a database on the phone, but if this will result in 300mb on your SD card, this is no good.
To sum it up what I exactly want to know;
Are there any other ways to handle big data like this, without having to keep a connection to internet constantly, or having to download 300mb on someone's phone.
Some kind of compression, special way to save it in the database... any ideas are welcome.

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