Dynamic adding JPanel to another JPanel in Java Swing - java

I am very new for the java swing and so does java. I use netbeans' window's builder to design the GUI. I have a JPanel called orderListPanel which includes a JPanel called orderListRowPanel. Now, I got a list of JPanel and I want to insert these JPanels to the orderListPanel.
http://postimage.org/image/ex00whf69/
orderListPanel is in the middle and orderListRowPanel is just the same place like orderListPanel
http://postimage.org/image/dbrtn33sj/
right now I wanna insert many JPanels into orderListPanel and make it look like a list. The red squares are the components in side the JPanel.
I try to use BorderLayout and when I use
foreach loop orderListPanel.add(List pList), I can't see any result inside the orderListPanel. Do anybody know how to solve it?

Do not use Netbeans automated GUI builder. Drag and Drop GUI building technique is not acceptable in Java community. You have not provided the code so we can't do a code edit. Your images are not available.
But however, this is how you can do it. This is a pure hand code
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.util.List;
public class GUIBuilder extends JFrame
{
private JPanel orderList;
private JPanel orderListRow;
private JPanel additionalPanel;
private List panels = new ArrayList(); //Your List
private JLabel label1, label2, label3;
public GUIBuilder()
{
label1 = new JLabel("Label 1"); //Create the JLabels
label2 = new JLabel("Label 2");//Create the JLabels
label3 = new JLabel("Label 3");//Create the JLabels
orderList = new JPanel(); //Creating the orderList JPanel
orderList.setLayout(new BoxLayout(orderList, BoxLayout.Y_AXIS)); //Setting Box layout, and set the direction to Y axis.
orderListRow = new JPanel(); //Creating the orderListRow JPanel
orderListRow.add(label1);
additionalPanel = new JPanel(); //Creating the additionalPanel JPanel
additionalPanel.add(label2);
orderList.add(orderListRow); //Adding orderListRow into orderList
orderList.add(additionalPanel); //Adding additionalPanel into orderList
this.setLayout(new GridLayout(1,1));
this.add(orderList); //Setting orderList into JFrame
this.pack(); //Setting JFrame size. This will only take required space
this.setVisible(true); //Making JFrame Visible
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); //When you hit the 'X' button, the program will exit
}
public static void main(String[]args)
{
try
{
UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName()); //Setting the UI into your native platform UI
new GUIBuilder(); //Calling your program
}
catch(Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace(); //If any error occured in setting up UI, print the stack trace
}
}
}
If you got the Panels inside a List, then use this
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.util.List;
public class GUIBuilder extends JFrame
{
private JPanel orderList;
private JPanel orderListRow;
private JPanel additionalPanel;
private List<JPanel> panels = new ArrayList<JPanel>(); //Your List
private JLabel label1, label2, label3;
public GUIBuilder()
{
label1 = new JLabel("Label 1"); //Create the JLabels
label2 = new JLabel("Label 2");//Create the JLabels
label3 = new JLabel("Label 3");//Create the JLabels
orderList = new JPanel(); //Creating the orderList JPanel
orderList.setLayout(new BoxLayout(orderList, BoxLayout.Y_AXIS)); //Setting Box layout, and set the direction to Y axis.
orderListRow = new JPanel(); //Creating the orderListRow JPanel
orderListRow.add(label1);
panels.add(orderListRow); // Add the panel to the List
additionalPanel = new JPanel(); //Creating the additionalPanel JPanel
additionalPanel.add(label2);
panels.add(additionalPanel); // Add the panel to the List
for(int i=0;i<panels.size();i++)
{
orderList.add(panels.get(i));
}
this.setLayout(new GridLayout(1,1));
this.add(orderList); //Setting orderList into JFrame
this.pack(); //Setting JFrame size. This will only take required space
this.setVisible(true); //Making JFrame Visible
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); //When you hit the 'X' button, the program will exit
}
public static void main(String[]args)
{
try
{
UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName()); //Setting the UI into your native platform UI
new GUIBuilder(); //Calling your program
}
catch(Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace(); //If any error occured in setting up UI, print the stack trace
}
}
}

Related

How to add to a JPanel from another class

I've been spending the past few hours trying to figure out how to use a panel in my GUI class from a class named algorithms. I know this question has been asked before, But I cant seem to figure out how to incorporate it into my code, so I would appreciate any form of guidance.
Specifically, in my algorithms class I was testing trying to change the JLabel named title by creating a instance of my GUI class and then trying to use title.setText(), however it returns a Null Pointer Exception.
The title JLabel is located on my JPanel named topPanel
I know I'm not doing something right, I've struggled with this for the past few hours and cant seem to make any progress. Like I said, any guidance would be appreciated.
GUI.java
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.Date;
public class GUI extends JFrame {
public JFrame myFrame;
public JPanel firstFitDisplay,topPanel;
public JLabel title;
public Timer timer;
public int count=0;
public GUI(){
}
public void initGUI(){
JFrame myFrame = new JFrame();
myFrame.setTitle("CIS 452 Dynamic Memory Allocation Project");
myFrame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
myFrame.setResizable(true);
myFrame.setLayout(new BorderLayout(6,6));
myFrame.setSize(1000,700);
myFrame.setVisible(true);
//myFrame.getContentPane().setBackground(Color.white);
//setup panels
JPanel infoPanel = new JPanel();
JPanel centerPanel = new JPanel();
JPanel topPanel = new JPanel();
JPanel bottom = new JPanel();
infoPanel.setBackground(Color.cyan);
centerPanel.setBackground(Color.red);
topPanel.setBackground(Color.yellow);
bottom.setBackground(Color.pink);
infoPanel.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(200,1000));
centerPanel.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(500,500));
topPanel.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(750,20));
bottom.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(750,25));
//setup layout for panels, so that we can add subpanels
infoPanel.setLayout(new BoxLayout(infoPanel,BoxLayout.PAGE_AXIS));
//add panels to main frame
myFrame.add(infoPanel,BorderLayout.WEST);
myFrame.add(centerPanel,BorderLayout.CENTER);
myFrame.add(topPanel,BorderLayout.NORTH);
myFrame.add(bottom,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
// setup sub panels for infoPanel
JPanel infoSubPanel = new JPanel();
infoSubPanel.setBackground(Color.pink);
infoSubPanel.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(50,90));
infoPanel.add(infoSubPanel);
//setting up text for infoSubPanel
JLabel subPanelTitle = new JLabel("Next Process Size to be allocated");
JLabel firstFitNextUpLabel = new JLabel("First:0");
JLabel bestFitNextUpLabel = new JLabel("Best:0");
JLabel worstFitNextUpLabel = new JLabel("Worst:0");
infoSubPanel.add(subPanelTitle);
infoSubPanel.add(firstFitNextUpLabel);
infoSubPanel.add(bestFitNextUpLabel);
infoSubPanel.add(worstFitNextUpLabel);
//subClockPanel
JPanel infoSubClockPanel = new JPanel();
infoSubClockPanel.setBackground(Color.GRAY);
infoSubClockPanel.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(50,90));
infoPanel.add(infoSubClockPanel);
//setting up text for sub clock panel
JLabel clockText = new JLabel("Seconds passed: ");
int ten = 10;
JLabel clockCounter = new JLabel("0");
infoSubClockPanel.add(clockText);
infoSubClockPanel.add(clockCounter);
//logic for running timer;
timer = new Timer(1000, e -> {
clockCounter.setText(String.valueOf(count++));
});
timer.start();
//setting up sub panels for the main center panel
centerPanel.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
JPanel firstFitDisplay = new JPanel();
JPanel bestFitDisplay = new JPanel();
JPanel worstFitDisplay = new JPanel();
firstFitDisplay.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(200,500));
bestFitDisplay.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(200,500));
worstFitDisplay.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(200,500));
centerPanel.add(firstFitDisplay);
centerPanel.add(bestFitDisplay);
centerPanel.add(worstFitDisplay);
//center components
centerPanel.setAlignmentX(Component.CENTER_ALIGNMENT);
firstFitDisplay.setAlignmentX(Component.CENTER_ALIGNMENT);
//setup title
JLabel title = new JLabel("Dynamic Memory Allocation Simulator");
topPanel.add(title);
}
}
and here is algorithms.java
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class algorithms {
public static void main(String[] args) {
GUI f = new GUI();
f.initGUI();
f.title.setText("HHHHHHHHHHH");
}
}
so your mistake is that you never define title in your GUI class. I think you intended to with this line:
JLabel title = new JLabel("Dynamic Memory Allocation Simulator");
This actually creates a new local variable called title instead of defining the global one. So the global variable is still null. To fix this simply change that to like to this:
this.title = new JLabel("Dynamic Memory Allocation Simulator");
Now it will define the global variable! This shouldn't give a null pointer exception now.

How do I arrange JPanels from top to bottom?

I'm currently self-studying Java. I'm learning Graphical User Interface(GUI) programming.
I want JPanels to be arranged from top to bottom in a JFrame.First of all,I have a JLabel added to the first JPanel. The second JPanel has 5 JRadioButtions. The third JPanel has a JButton and a JLabel.
When the JButton is pressed,the JLabel in the 3rd JPanel shows some text.
I used BoxLayout(BoxLayout.X_AXIS) for all the JPanels and added all 3 of them into a JFrame which has FlowLayout(). Here is a small piece of code:
class GUI extends JFrame implements ActionListener {
JPanel pan1,pan2,pan3; //3 JPanels
JRadioButton rad1,rad2,rad3,rad4,rad5; //5 RadioButtons
JButton button; //A JButton
JLabel label; //A JLabel
public GUI(String header)
{
super(header);
setLayout(new FlowLayout()); //set FlowLayout to JFrame
setBounds(350,325,600,125);
setResizable(false);
creator();
adder();
commander();
add(pan1);
add(pan2);
add(pan3); //Add all 3 panels to JFrame
}
private void adder()
{
pan1.setLayout(new BoxLayout(pan1,BoxLayout.X_AXIS));
pan2.setLayout(new BoxLayout(pan2,BoxLayout.X_AXIS));
pan3.setLayout(new BoxLayout(pan3,BoxLayout.X_AXIS)); //Layout for all 3 JPanels
pan1.add(new JLabel("Choose a Security Level"));
ButtonGroup group=new ButtonGroup();
group.add(rad1);
group.add(rad2);
group.add(rad3);
group.add(rad4);
group.add(rad5);
pan2.add(rad1);
pan2.add(rad2);
pan2.add(rad3);
pan2.add(rad4);
pan2.add(rad5);
pan3.add(button);
pan3.add(label);
}
private void creator()
{
pan1=new JPanel();
pan2=new JPanel();
pan3=new JPanel();
rad1=new JRadioButton("Security Level 1");
rad2=new JRadioButton("Security Level 2");
rad3=new JRadioButton("Security Level 3");
rad4=new JRadioButton("Security Level 4");
rad5=new JRadioButton("Security Level 5");
button=new JButton("Move On");
label=new JLabel();
}
private void commander()
{
rad1.addActionListener(this);
rad2.addActionListener(this);
rad3.addActionListener(this);
rad4.addActionListener(this);
rad5.addActionListener(this);
rad1.setActionCommand("radio1");
rad2.setActionCommand("radio2");
rad3.setActionCommand("radio3");
rad4.setActionCommand("radio4");
rad5.setActionCommand("radio5");
button.addActionListener(this);
}
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent evt)
{
//When button is pressed,the text in label changes
if(evt.getActionCommand().equals("radio1"))
label.setText("Very Easy to bypass");
else if(evt.getActionCommand().equals("radio2"))
label.setText("Easy to bypass");
else if(evt.getActionCommand().equals("radio3"))
label.setText("Can bypass Sometimes");
else if(evt.getActionCommand().equals("radio4"))
label.setText("Hard to bypass");
else if(evt.getActionCommand().equals("radio5"))
label.setText("Very Hard to bypass");
else
{ //Code here
}
repaint();
//More code here....
}
}
This is the output I'm getting when I select the first radiobutton(Forget the green colour):
I want the "Very easy to Bypass" text to be placed above the "Move on" button and below all the JRadioButtons. I can increase the size of the JFrame so that there will be enough space. My questions are:
Which Layout should I use to achieve this?
Should this layout be applied just for the JFrame or all 3 JPanels?
you must use GridLayout
Its very easy to use it, just add it like this. Take care of the import commands. :)
JFrame frame = new JFrame(new GridLayout(3,5));
Use GridLayout
GridLayout layout = new GridLayout(0, 1, 0, 5);
setLayout(layout);
What I would do to add 5 JPanels:
import java.awt.GridLayout;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
public class PanelAdd extends JFrame {
JPanel [] panels ;
public PanelAdd() {
GridLayout layout = new GridLayout(0, 1, 0, 5);
setLayout(layout);
setDefaultCloseOperation(javax.swing.WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
setSize(400, 350);
}
public static void main(String [] args) {
PanelAdd add = new PanelAdd();
add.addPanels();
add.setVisible(true);
}
private void addPanels() {
panels = new JPanel[5];
for (int i = 0 ; i < panels.length ; i++) {
panels[i] = new JPanel();
panels[i].add(new JLabel("This Is Panel "+i));
add(panels[i]);
}
}
}
In this example, I made an array of 5 JPanels and add them through a loop.
I used GridLayout for the job.
This is just a hint for your answer
when you call add method from jframe,you can also give specified position to your panel in frame
like this:
JPanel pan1,pan2,pan3; //3 JPanels
JRadioButton rad1,rad2,rad3,rad4,rad5; //5 RadioButtons
JButton button; //A JButton
JLabel label; //A JLabel
public GUI(String header)
{
super(header);
setLayout(new FlowLayout()); //set FlowLayout to JFrame
setBounds(350,325,600,125);
setResizable(false);
creator();
adder();
commander();
add(pan1,BorderLayout.NORTH);
add(pan2,BorderLayout.CENTER);
add(pan3,,BorderLayout.SOUTH); //Add all panels to JFrame
}
good luck

how to repaint a jpanel with button click and also switch between 2 panels

I am trying to repaint a panel with a button click, but its not happening. i tried using many methods like setEnabled(true), setVisible(true), repaint(), but none of these are working. And also i want to switch between two panels, like, if i click the "Total Vote" button, one panel should display, when i click on "Departmentwise Vote", another panel should display in the same place.
please help. Thanks in advance.
here i m providing the code :
public class RSummary extends JFrame implements ActionListener
{
JFrame rframe = new JFrame();
JPanel panel1, panel2, panel3, panel4, panel5;
JTable table;
JScrollPane scroll;
JSplitPane splitPane;
JButton butx;
public RSummary()
{
rframe.setSize(550,300);
rframe.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
setSize(550,300);
rframe.setTitle("Summary Report");
/* Total Vote & Department wise vote buttons */
panel1= new JPanel();
JButton but1 = new JButton("TOTAL VOTE");
JButton but2 = new JButton("DEPTARTMENT WISE VOTE");
but1.addActionListener(this);
panel1.add(but1);
panel1.add(but2);
/* Report contents according to button */
panel2 = new JPanel();
String[] columnNames = {"Name", "Department","Phno","LUID","Select"};
DefaultTableModel model1 = new DefaultTableModel();
model1.setColumnIdentifiers(columnNames);
table = new JTable();
table.setModel(model1);
table.setAutoResizeMode(JTable.AUTO_RESIZE_ALL_COLUMNS);
table.setFillsViewportHeight(true);
scroll = new JScrollPane(table);
panel2.add(scroll);
panel2.setVisible(false);
/* close button */
panel3 = new JPanel();
JButton but4= new JButton("CLOSE");
but4.addActionListener(this);
panel3.add(but4);
/* Page heading */
panel4 = new JPanel();
JLabel lab =new JLabel("VOTE SUMMARY REPORT");
panel4.add(lab);
/* dummy panel */
panel5 = new JPanel();
JButton butx = new JButton("Hello butx");
panel5.add(butx);
splitPane = new JSplitPane(JSplitPane.VERTICAL_SPLIT, panel1, panel2);
rframe.add(splitPane);
rframe.add(panel3,BorderLayout.SOUTH);
rframe.add(panel4,BorderLayout.NORTH);
rframe.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
rframe.setVisible(true);
}
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ae)
{
String action=ae.getActionCommand();
if(action == "CLOSE")
{
rframe.setVisible(false);
}
if(action == "TOTAL VOTE")
{
panel2.setVisible(true); //this code is not working, i want the solution here.
}
}
public static void main(String args[]) throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException
{
new RSummary();
}
}
The first problem is you're comparing the object references of your String values and not there contents...
if(action == "TOTAL VOTE")
Because of the way Strings are managed by Java, it is very unlikely that these will ever be equal.
String comparison in Java is done using String#equals
if ("TOTAL VOTE".equals(action))
Your second problem may be related to the fact the setVisible may not be invalidating the container hierarchy, which would tell the layout framework that the containers need to be updated.
You have two solutions, the first would be to call revalidate on the parent container, the second, and better, would be to use a CardLayout, which is designed to just what you are trying to do...
Take a look at How to use Card Layout for more details
Update after running the Code
You have a series of compounding issues...
You never set the action command of any of the buttons, so when the actionPerformed event is raised, the action is actually null
RSummary extends from JFrame, yet you create a second JFrame called rframe. This is very confusing and could potentially lead to more problems if you're not dealing with the correct frame.
Start by setting the actionCommand property of your buttons...
JButton but1 = new JButton("TOTAL VOTE");
but1.setActionCommand("TOTAL VOTE");
Then remove extends JFrame from RSummary, as it is doing nothing but adding to the confusion and adds no benefit
Setting a frame invisible will not "close" it. Instead use JFrame#dispose
Finally, making a component visible while it's part of split pane won't resize the split divider. Once you've made the corrections, you will need to manually move the divider.
You may consider placing a empty panel into the split pane and using a CardLayout, add the other components to it, switching them in and out using the CardLayout
Updated with modified code
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.JSplitPane;
import javax.swing.JTable;
import javax.swing.table.DefaultTableModel;
public class RSummary extends JFrame implements ActionListener {
JFrame rframe = new JFrame();
JPanel panel1, panel2, panel3, panel4, panel5;
JTable table;
JScrollPane scroll;
JSplitPane splitPane;
JButton butx;
public RSummary() {
rframe.setSize(550, 300);
rframe.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
setSize(550, 300);
rframe.setTitle("Summary Report");
/* Total Vote & Department wise vote buttons */
panel1 = new JPanel();
JButton but1 = new JButton("TOTAL VOTE");
but1.setActionCommand("TOTAL VOTE");
JButton but2 = new JButton("DEPTARTMENT WISE VOTE");
but1.addActionListener(this);
panel1.add(but1);
panel1.add(but2);
/* Report contents according to button */
panel2 = new JPanel();
String[] columnNames = {"Name", "Department", "Phno", "LUID", "Select"};
DefaultTableModel model1 = new DefaultTableModel();
model1.setColumnIdentifiers(columnNames);
table = new JTable();
table.setModel(model1);
table.setAutoResizeMode(JTable.AUTO_RESIZE_ALL_COLUMNS);
table.setFillsViewportHeight(true);
scroll = new JScrollPane(table);
panel2.add(scroll);
panel2.setVisible(false);
/* close button */
panel3 = new JPanel();
JButton but4 = new JButton("CLOSE");
but4.addActionListener(this);
panel3.add(but4);
/* Page heading */
panel4 = new JPanel();
JLabel lab = new JLabel("VOTE SUMMARY REPORT");
panel4.add(lab);
/* dummy panel */
panel5 = new JPanel();
JButton butx = new JButton("Hello butx");
panel5.add(butx);
splitPane = new JSplitPane(JSplitPane.VERTICAL_SPLIT, panel1, panel2);
rframe.add(splitPane);
rframe.add(panel3, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
rframe.add(panel4, BorderLayout.NORTH);
rframe.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
rframe.setVisible(true);
}
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ae) {
String action = ae.getActionCommand();
if ("CLOSE".equals(action)) {
rframe.dispose();
}
if ("TOTAL VOTE".equals(action)) {
panel2.setVisible(true); //this code is not working, i want the solution here.
panel2.getParent().revalidate();
}
}
public static void main(String args[]) throws ClassNotFoundException, SQLException {
new RSummary();
}
}
To switch panels you can do:
rframe.remove (panelToRemove);
rframe.add(panelToShow);
Is this the answer to your question or why do you want to repaint?
Geosearchef
UPDATE:
To summarize:
MadProgrammer is right, you have to replace if(action == "TOTAL VOTE") by if(action.equals("TOTAL VOTE")) (same for CLOSE)
and you have to add an actionCommand:
JButton but1 = new JButton("TOTAL VOTE");
but1.addActionListener(this);
but1.setActionCommand("TOTAL VOTE");
To change panels:
if (action.equals("TOTAL VOTE")) {
try{rframe.remove(panel1;)}catch(Exception e){}//clear window, maybe there is a method
try{rframe.remove(panel2;)}catch(Exception e){}
try{rframe.remove(panel3;)}catch(Exception e){}
rframe.add(panel2);//the panel you want to show
}
Of course, you have to get references to the panels to actionPerformed(ActionEvent ae).

GUI not showing as intended

I'm trying to draw a gui like shown in the figure, but somehow I'm not able to place the objects in right place (I guess that the problem is with the layout) the textArea is suppose to go in the middle... but is not showing at all
package Chapter22Collections;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class Exercise226 extends JFrame {
private JButton jbSort;
private JButton jbReverse;
private JButton jbAdd;
private JButton jbShuffle;
private JLabel jlAddnum;
private JTextArea jTextDisplay;
private JTextField jTextAdd;
public Exercise226() {
jbSort = new JButton("Sort");
jbReverse = new JButton("Reverse");
jbShuffle = new JButton("Shuffle");
jbAdd = new JButton("Add");
jlAddnum = new JLabel("Add number here: ");
jTextDisplay = new JTextArea();
jTextAdd = new JTextField(8);
setLayout(new BorderLayout());
JPanel p1 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,3));
p1.add(jlAddnum);
p1.add(jTextAdd);
p1.add(jbAdd);
JPanel p2 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,3));
p2.add(jbSort);
p2.add(jbReverse);
p2.add(jbShuffle);
add(p1, BorderLayout.NORTH);
add(jTextDisplay, BorderLayout.CENTER);
add(p2, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
}
public static void main(String... args) {
Exercise226 gui = new Exercise226();
gui.setTitle("Numbers");
gui.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
gui.setSize(300, 200);
gui.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
gui.setVisible(true);
}
}
The JTextArea is actually where you expect it to be but has no outline border. It is usual to place the component in a JScrollPane which will give this effect:
add(new JScrollPane(jTextDisplay), BorderLayout.CENTER);
or simply
add(new JScrollPane(jTextDisplay));
To make the textArea re-size with the window, try BoxLayout. Box is "A lightweight container that uses a BoxLayout object as its layout manager."
Box p1 = new Box(BoxLayout.X_AXIS);
How could I add spacing/padding between the elements in the frame? So the text area is more visible and centered.
Borders and padding. E.G.
Compared with:
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.border.EmptyBorder;
import javax.swing.border.TitledBorder;
public class Exercise226 {
private JButton jbSort;
private JButton jbReverse;
private JButton jbAdd;
private JButton jbShuffle;
private JLabel jlAddnum;
private JTextArea jTextDisplay;
private JTextField jTextAdd;
private JPanel gui;
public Exercise226() {
gui = new JPanel(new BorderLayout(5,5));
jbSort = new JButton("Sort");
jbReverse = new JButton("Reverse");
jbShuffle = new JButton("Shuffle");
jbAdd = new JButton("Add");
jlAddnum = new JLabel("Add number here: ");
// set the size constraints using columns/rows
jTextDisplay = new JTextArea("Here I am!", 6,20);
jTextAdd = new JTextField(8);
JPanel p1 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,3,3,3));
p1.add(jlAddnum);
p1.add(jTextAdd);
p1.add(jbAdd);
JPanel p2 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,3,3,3));
p2.add(jbSort);
p2.add(jbReverse);
p2.add(jbShuffle);
JPanel textAreaContainer = new JPanel(new GridLayout());
textAreaContainer.add(new JScrollPane(jTextDisplay));
textAreaContainer.setBorder(new TitledBorder("Text Area Here"));
gui.add(p1, BorderLayout.PAGE_START);
gui.add(textAreaContainer, BorderLayout.CENTER);
gui.add(p2, BorderLayout.PAGE_END);
gui.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(4,4,4,4));
}
public Container getGui() {
return gui;
}
public static void main(String... args) {
JFrame f = new JFrame();
Exercise226 gui = new Exercise226();
f.setContentPane(gui.getGui());
f.setTitle("Numbers");
f.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
f.pack();
f.setLocationByPlatform(true);
f.setVisible(true);
}
}
This code:
Primarily provides 'white space' in the GUI using different constructors for the layouts that accept 2 int arguments for horizontal & vertical spacing.
Also adds 2 borders:
An empty border around the entire GUI to provide some spacing between it and the frame decorations.
A titled border around the text area, to make it very obvious.
Does implement a change for one unnecessary part of the original code. Instead of extending frame, it simply retains an instance of one.
Uses the JScrollPane container for the text area, as suggested by #Reimeus. It adds a nice beveled border of its own to an element that needs no scroll bars.
Creates a textAreaContainer specifically so that we can set a titled border to surround the scroll pane - without interfering with its existing border. It is possible to use a CompoundBorder for the scroll pane that consists of the existing border (scroll.getBorder()) & the titled border. However that gets complicated with buttons & other elements that might change borders on selection or action. So to set an 'outermost border' for a screen element (like the text area here) - I generally prefer to wrap the entire component in another container first.
Does not create and show the GUI on the EDT. Swing GUIs should be created and modified on the EDT. Left as an exercise for the user. See Concurrency in Swing for more details.
Old Code
The original code on this answer that provides the 'comparison GUI image' seen above. IT is closely based on the original code but with the text area wrapped in a scroll pane (and gaining a beveled border because of that) & given some text to display.
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
public class Exercise226 extends JFrame {
private JButton jbSort;
private JButton jbReverse;
private JButton jbAdd;
private JButton jbShuffle;
private JLabel jlAddnum;
private JTextArea jTextDisplay;
private JTextField jTextAdd;
public Exercise226() {
jbSort = new JButton("Sort");
jbReverse = new JButton("Reverse");
jbShuffle = new JButton("Shuffle");
jbAdd = new JButton("Add");
jlAddnum = new JLabel("Add number here: ");
// set the size constraints using columns/rows
jTextDisplay = new JTextArea("Here I am!", 6,20);
jTextAdd = new JTextField(8);
setLayout(new BorderLayout());
JPanel p1 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,3));
p1.add(jlAddnum);
p1.add(jTextAdd);
p1.add(jbAdd);
JPanel p2 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1,3));
p2.add(jbSort);
p2.add(jbReverse);
p2.add(jbShuffle);
add(p1, BorderLayout.NORTH);
add(new JScrollPane(jTextDisplay), BorderLayout.CENTER);
add(p2, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
}
public static void main(String... args) {
Exercise226 gui = new Exercise226();
gui.setTitle("Numbers");
gui.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
//gui.setSize(300, 200);
gui.pack();
//gui.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
gui.setLocationByPlatform(true);
gui.setVisible(true);
}
}

Java CardLayout JPanel moves up, when second JPanel added

I am new to Java and mostly CardLayout. I want to simply switch "windows" represented by JPanels. I read somewhere that job for CardLayout. But my problem is, when add chatPanel to mainPanel (this is the CardLayout one), it shifts the content of connectPanel several pixels to the top, away from its centered position. Is I skip in my code createChatPanel(), its where it should be.
I have this code:
package App;
import java.awt.CardLayout;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.GridBagLayout;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import javax.swing.*;
import Validators.*;
public class GUI {
private JFrame mainFrame = null;
private JPanel mainPanel = null;
private CardLayout cl = new CardLayout();
public GUI(){
try {
UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName());
}
catch (UnsupportedLookAndFeelException e) {
}
catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
}
catch (InstantiationException e) {
}
catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
}
mainFrame = new JFrame("MainChat");
mainFrame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
mainFrame.setSize(640,480);
mainFrame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
mainFrame.setResizable(false);
mainFrame.setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();
JMenu menuFile = new JMenu("Soubor");
JMenu menuHelp = new JMenu("Nápověda");
menuBar.add(menuFile);
menuBar.add(menuHelp);
menuFile.add(new JMenuItem("Nové Připojení"));
menuFile.add(new JSeparator());
menuFile.add(new JMenuItem("Konec"));
menuHelp.add(new JMenuItem("O programu"));
mainFrame.setJMenuBar(menuBar);
createMainPanel();
createConnectPanel();
createChatPanel();
mainFrame.setVisible(true);
}
public void createMainPanel() {
mainPanel = new JPanel(cl);
mainFrame.add(mainPanel);
}
public void createConnectPanel() {
JPanel connectPanel = new JPanel();
mainPanel.add(connectPanel,"connectPanel");
JTextField ip = new JTextField();
ip.setDocument(new JTextFieldLimit(15));
ip.setColumns(11);
JLabel iplabel = new JLabel("IP:");
connectPanel.add(iplabel);
connectPanel.add(ip);
JButton connect = new JButton("Connect");
connect.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
#Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
cl.show(mainPanel,"chatPanel");
}
});
connectPanel.add(connect);
}
public void createChatPanel(){
JPanel chatPanel = new JPanel();
mainPanel.add(chatPanel,"chatPanel");
JTextArea chatbox = new JTextArea();
chatbox.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(200,200));
chatPanel.add(chatbox);
}
}
Please, what I messed up? Thanks.
Since you are adding two JPanels to your main JPanel,
these two panels both need to fit within the main panel.
If one of the inner panels is much larger than the other one,
the main panel will adjust to fit the larger one.
E.g. commenting this line:
chatbox.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(200,200));
would cause your text field to stay put. This is because the
chatbox would not cause the container to resize.
Also note that the main panel is not initially the same size as your
main frame, since you have not set the size of the main panel.
If you would set the size of the connectPanel to the same size
as your main frame, the connectPanel would not
be automatically resized when adding the chatPanel (as a
consequence of the mainPanel being resized)
So what you could do is add the middle line in:
JPanel connectPanel = new JPanel();
connectPanel.setSize(640, 480);
mainPanel.add(connectPanel, "connectPanel");
, which probably would solve your problem.
Although this would work, I definitely recommend using
MIG Layout for
all your GUI designing. It will save you plenty of time if
you take an hour to learn it. It will also save you from
having to set sizes manually (and thereby saving you from
having to rewrite half your GUI code with every design change).
If you want a JPanel centered in another, place your connectPanel in another JPanel that acts as a dumb container, and have this container use GridBagLayout. Then if you add the connectPanel to the container without any GridBagConstraints, it will be added to the default position for GridBagLayout which is centered. You can then add this container JPanel to your mainPanel using the same constant that you would have used for your connectPanel.
I would tend to let the layouts determine the size of components and avoid using setSize and even setPreferredSize, and would definitely call pack() on my JFrame prior to setting it visible. You definitely don't want to set the size or preferredSize of your JTextField, but rather set its columns and rows and place it in a JScrollPane, and then add that JScrollPane to the view.
Edit:
Here's an example that shows placement of something like your connect panel at the top, middle and bottom of a small gui. Just press the "Next" button to see what I mean:
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;
#SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class GUI2 extends JPanel {
public static final String CONNECT_NORTH = "connect north";
public static final String CONNECT_CENTER = "connect center";
private static final String CONNECT_SOUTH = "connect south";
private static final String CHAT_PANEL = "chat panel";
private CardLayout cardlayout = new CardLayout();
public GUI2() {
setLayout(cardlayout);
add(createConnectPanel(BorderLayout.NORTH), CONNECT_NORTH);
add(createConnectPanel(BorderLayout.CENTER), CONNECT_CENTER);
add(createConnectPanel(BorderLayout.SOUTH), CONNECT_SOUTH);
add(createChatPanel(), CHAT_PANEL);
}
public void nextPanel() {
cardlayout.next(this);
}
private JPanel createConnectPanel(String borderlayoutLocation) {
JPanel innerPanel = new JPanel();
innerPanel.add(new JLabel("IP:"));
innerPanel.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(5));
innerPanel.add(new JTextField(11));
innerPanel.add(Box.createHorizontalStrut(5));
innerPanel.add(new JButton(new AbstractAction("Next") {
#Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
GUI2.this.nextPanel();
}
}));
JPanel innerPanel2 = new JPanel(new GridBagLayout());
innerPanel2.add(innerPanel);
JPanel connectPanel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
connectPanel.add(innerPanel2, borderlayoutLocation);
return connectPanel;
}
private JPanel createChatPanel() {
JPanel chatPanel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout(5, 5));
chatPanel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(5, 5, 5, 5));
chatPanel.add(new JScrollPane(new JTextArea(15, 30)), BorderLayout.CENTER);
chatPanel.add(new JTextField(), BorderLayout.SOUTH);
return chatPanel;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
createGui();
}
});
}
private static void createGui() {
JFrame frame = new JFrame("App");
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.getContentPane().add(new GUI2());
frame.pack();
frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}

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