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How to fix flickering of dynamic moving images over a JPanel that is on top of another pre-painted JPanel?

I have made 2 JPanels, Panel and BackGround, in a JFrame. I am dynamically painting the Panel after 10ms(using a Timer), but the BackGround is only painted once at the beginning of the game. The Panel is responsible for the displaying of the fighters(spacecrafts), the projectiles and the aliens. The BackGround is responsible for the displaying of the background scene which is non-dynamic. The paintComponent(Graphics) method does paint the fighters and the projectiles, but flickers when they are updating. Can someone find the cause.
This is my Frame:
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;
public class Frame extends JFrame {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public static final int WIDTH = 1280;
public static final int HEIGHT = 720;
public static final int DELAY = 10;
private Panel panel;
private Background bg;
public Frame() {
panel = new Panel();
bg = new Background();
initComponents();
}
public void initComponents() {
this.setSize(WIDTH, HEIGHT);
this.add(bg);
this.add(panel);
this.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
this.setResizable(false);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
#Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
if(e.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.VK_LEFT) panel.moveLeft();
else if(e.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT) panel.moveRight();
}
});
}
public static void main(String args[]) {
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
#Override
public void run() {
new Frame().setVisible(true);
}
});
}
}
This is my Panel:
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.Timer;
public class Panel extends JPanel implements ActionListener {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public static final int DELAY = Frame.DELAY;
private Timer timer;
private BufferedImage fighter;
int x, y;
public Panel() {
timer = new Timer(DELAY, this);
try {
fighter = ImageIO.read(this.getClass().getResource("fighter.png"));
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
initComponents();
timer.start();
}
public void initComponents() {
this.setSize(Frame.WIDTH, Frame.HEIGHT);
this.setDoubleBuffered(true);
this.setBackground(new Color(0, 0, 0, 0));
x = 150;
y = 200;
}
#Override
public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g;
doDrawing(g2d);
}
private void doDrawing(Graphics2D g2d) {
g2d.drawImage(fighter, x, y, null);
}
#Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
this.repaint();
}
public void moveLeft() {
x -= 10;
}
public void moveRight() {
x += 10;
}
}
This is the BackGround:
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.Timer;
public class Background extends JPanel implements ActionListener{
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private BufferedImage backGround;
private Timer timer;
public Background() {
this.setSize(Frame.WIDTH, Frame.HEIGHT);
this.setBackground(new Color(0, 0, 0, 0));
timer = new Timer(Frame.DELAY, this);
try {
backGround = ImageIO.read(this.getClass().getResource("background.png"));
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
timer.start();
}
#Override
public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
g.drawImage(backGround, 0, 0, null);
}
#Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
this.repaint();
}
}
I expect the sprites not to flicker and not to lag(which is not happening after lots of trials).

Do not call repaint within a painting method
Get rid of the Background class and do all drawing in one JPanel. For example:
See example below of both as well as of MCVE design
whole thing can be copy/pasted into IDE and run
uses images available to all online, not on disk
I would also remove the Timer that simply calls repaint() and instead either
call repaint from within the KeyListener
or use the timer to do the actual sprite movement code (with repaint()). This would be useful if you want continuous movement
Example MCVE:
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URL;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.swing.*;
public class Frame1 extends JFrame {
// Image attribution:
// By Adam Evans - M31, the Andromeda Galaxy (now with h-alpha)
// Uploaded by NotFromUtrecht, CC BY 2.0,
// https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=12654493
public static final String ANDROMEDA_IMAGE = "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/"
+ "thumb/9/98/Andromeda_Galaxy_%28with_h-alpha%29.jpg/"
+ "1280px-Andromeda_Galaxy_%28with_h-alpha%29.jpg";
public static final String SPRITE_IMAGE = "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/"
+ "thumb/a/a1/Glossy_3d_blue_blue2.png/" + "120px-Glossy_3d_blue_blue2.png";
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public static final int WIDTH = 1280;
public static final int HEIGHT = 720;
public static final int DELAY = 10;
private Panel1 panel;
// private Background bg;
public Frame1() {
panel = new Panel1();
// bg = new Background();
initComponents();
}
public void initComponents() {
this.setSize(WIDTH, HEIGHT);
// this.add(bg);
this.add(panel);
this.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
this.setResizable(false);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
this.addKeyListener(new KeyAdapter() {
#Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
if (e.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.VK_LEFT)
panel.moveLeft();
else if (e.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT)
panel.moveRight();
}
});
}
public static void main(String args[]) {
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
#Override
public void run() {
new Frame1().setVisible(true);
}
});
}
}
class Panel1 extends JPanel implements ActionListener {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public static final int DELAY = Frame1.DELAY;
private Timer timer;
private BufferedImage fighter;
private BufferedImage background;
int x, y;
public Panel1() {
timer = new Timer(DELAY, this);
try {
URL url = new URL(Frame1.SPRITE_IMAGE);
// fighter = ImageIO.read(this.getClass().getResource("fighter.png"));
fighter = ImageIO.read(url);
url = new URL(Frame1.ANDROMEDA_IMAGE);
background = ImageIO.read(url);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
initComponents();
timer.start();
}
public void initComponents() {
this.setSize(Frame1.WIDTH, Frame1.HEIGHT);
this.setDoubleBuffered(true);
this.setBackground(new Color(0, 0, 0, 0));
x = 150;
y = 200;
}
#Override
public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
g.drawImage(background, 0, 0, this);
g.drawImage(fighter, x, y, this);
}
#Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {
this.repaint();
}
public void moveLeft() {
x -= 10;
}
public void moveRight() {
x += 10;
}
}

Why are drawn lines automatically erased?

I am building up a system with a canvas where user can draw lines by dragging the mouse in Java. I want all the strokes to be stored and displayed. However, when I press the mouse to draw a new line, previous lines are automatically erased, which is not what I was expecting. How can I solve this problem?
Here is my code:
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;
public class FreeDrawing extends JPanel implements MouseListener, MouseMotionListener {
private int indexOfStroke = 0;
private int indexOfPoint = 0;
private Stroke[] strokes = new Stroke[50];
private Point[] currentPoints = new Point[500];
public FreeDrawing(String name) {
super();
this.addMouseListener(this);
this.addMouseMotionListener(this);
JFrame fr = new JFrame(name);
fr.add(this);
fr.setSize(500, 500);
setBackground(Color.GRAY);
fr.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
fr.setVisible(true);
}
public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
System.out.println("Paint");
super.paintComponents(g);
strokes[indexOfStroke] = new Stroke();
for (int i = 0; i < indexOfPoint - 1; i++) {
System.out.println("Really draw");
g.drawLine(currentPoints[i].x, currentPoints[i].y, currentPoints[i + 1].x, currentPoints[i + 1].y);
}
}
public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent e) {
System.out.println("Drag");
currentPoints[indexOfPoint] = new Point(e.getX(), e.getY());
indexOfPoint++;
repaint();
}
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
System.out.println("Press");
currentPoints[indexOfPoint] = new Point(e.getX(), e.getY());
indexOfPoint = 0;
repaint();
}
public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {
indexOfPoint = 0;
indexOfStroke++;
}
public void mouseExited(MouseEvent e) {
}
public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {
}
public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e) {
}
public void mouseMoved(MouseEvent e) {
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
FreeDrawing canvas = new FreeDrawing("Mouse");
}
}
class Stroke {
public Stroke() {
System.out.println("Stroke initiated");
points = new Point[500];
}
Point[] points;
}

Because, that's how painting works, see Painting in AWT and Swing and Performing Custom Painting for more details.
Basically, painting is destructive, meaning that each time paintComponent is called, you are expected to repaint the entire state of the component from scratch
One thing you might consider doing, is creating a class which contains the stroke, color and points you need to each line and store that in a List each time you click
import java.awt.BasicStroke;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.Point;
import java.awt.Stroke;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.event.MouseMotionAdapter;
import java.awt.geom.Line2D;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.UIManager;
import javax.swing.UnsupportedLookAndFeelException;
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Test();
}
public Test() {
EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
#Override
public void run() {
try {
UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName());
} catch (ClassNotFoundException | InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
JFrame frame = new JFrame("Testing");
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.add(new TestPane());
frame.pack();
frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
});
}
public class TestPane extends JPanel {
private List<Drawing> drawings;
private Drawing current;
private Random rnd = new Random();
public TestPane() {
drawings = new ArrayList<>(25);
addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() {
#Override
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
Stroke stroke = new BasicStroke(rnd.nextInt(9) + 1, BasicStroke.CAP_ROUND, BasicStroke.JOIN_ROUND);
Color color = new Color(rnd.nextInt(255), rnd.nextInt(255), rnd.nextInt(255));
current = new Drawing(stroke, color);
current.addPoint(e.getPoint());
drawings.add(current);
}
});
addMouseMotionListener(new MouseMotionAdapter() {
#Override
public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent e) {
current.addPoint(e.getPoint());
repaint();
}
});
}
#Override
public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
return new Dimension(200, 200);
}
#Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g.create();
for (Drawing drawing : drawings) {
drawing.paint(g2d);
}
g2d.dispose();
}
}
public class Drawing {
private Stroke stroke;
private Color color;
private List<Point> points;
public Drawing(Stroke stroke, Color color) {
this.stroke = stroke;
this.color = color;
this.points = new ArrayList<>(25);
}
public void addPoint(Point p) {
points.add(p);
}
public void paint(Graphics2D g) {
Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g.create();
g2d.setColor(color);
g2d.setStroke(stroke);
if (!points.isEmpty()) {
Point from = points.get(0);
for (Point to : points.subList(1, points.size())) {
g2d.draw(new Line2D.Double(from, to));
from = to;
}
}
g2d.dispose();
}
}
}

Why my JPanel is not painting anything after I changed the design to same class [duplicate]

import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.BorderFactory;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.event.MouseListener;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseMotionListener;
import java.awt.event.MouseMotionAdapter;
import java.awt.geom.*;
import java.util.*;
public class test1 extends JFrame implements MouseListener {
private JPanel JP = new JPanel();
public test1() {
JP.setBorder(BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.black));
JP.addMouseListener(this);
this.setDefaultCloseOperation(this.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
this.add(JP);
this.pack();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
java.awt.EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
test1 frame = new test1();
frame.setSize(400,400);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
});
}
public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {
//drawCircle(e.getX(), e.getY());
//repaint();
ballball ball;
ball = new ballball();
//ball.paintComponent(Graphics g);
System.out.println("ballball");
}
public void mouseExited(MouseEvent e) {
}
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
//this.mouseX=e.getX();
//this.mouseY=e.getY();
}
public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {
}
public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e) {
}
}
class ballball extends test1 implements Runnable {
private int squareX = 50;
private int squareY = 50;
private int squareW = 100;
private int squareH = 100;
public boolean draw;
private Vector<Object> v = new Vector<Object>();
public ballball() {
/*addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() {
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
draw = true;
//Thread thread1 = new Thread(this.moveSquare(50, 50));
repaint();
//moveSquare(e.getX(),e.getY());
}
});*/
/*addMouseMotionListener(new MouseAdapter() {
public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent e) {
moveSquare(e.getX(),e.getY());
}
});*/
System.out.println("ball created");
this.repaint();
}
public void run() {
}
private void moveSquare(int x, int y) {
int OFFSET = 1;
if ((squareX!=x) || (squareY!=y)) {
repaint(squareX,squareY,squareW+OFFSET,squareH+OFFSET);
squareX=x;
squareY=y;
repaint(squareX,squareY,squareW+OFFSET,squareH+OFFSET);
}
}
public void paint(Graphics g) {
g.drawString("abcasdfasffasfas", 10, 10);
}
//#Override
public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
//if (draw) {
// existing code
System.out.println("paint");
//super.paintComponent(g);
//g.drawString("This is my custom Panel!",10,20);
//g.setColor(Color.RED);
//g.fillRect(squareX,squareY,squareW,squareH);
//g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
//g.drawRect(squareX,squareY,squareW,squareH);
Shape circle = new Ellipse2D.Float(squareX,squareY,100f,100f);
Graphics2D ga = (Graphics2D)g;
ga.draw(circle);
//}
}
}
The aim of the program is to click to create the circle, the ballball class extends the test1, when test1 detect the mouse click, the ballball object created. But the paint/paintComponent method is never be executed. In my program structure, is it possible to paint the circle to the super class JPanel?

JFrame is not a JComponent, it doesn't have a paintComponent method you can override. Instead you could extend a JPanel and add it to the frame.

How to add new Graphic element to JPanel and use its link to change its position in loop?

I need only one ring to be created on MyPanel (extends JPanel) initialization. Then I need to change (in a loop iterate() ) position of ring on MyPanel. How and what to add to this code?
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.BorderFactory;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
public class mull {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
JPanel p = createAndShowGUI();
iterate(p);
// "The method iterate(MyPanel) in the type mull is not applicable for the arguments (JPanel)"
}
});
}
private static JPanel createAndShowGUI() {
System.out.println("Created GUI on EDT? "+
SwingUtilities.isEventDispatchThread());
JFrame f = new JFrame("Swing Paint Demo");
f.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
// how to grab link to this panel - in order to use it in iteration loop ?
MyPanel p = new MyPanel();
f.add(p);
// f.add(new MyPanel());
f.pack();
f.setVisible(true);
return p;
}
private static void iterate(JPanel p){
// the loop should change square position on each iteration
// how to implement ?
for (int i = 0; i < 999; i++){
((MyPanel) p).moveSquare(100 + i*10, 200 + i*10); // here is problem:
//"Cannot make a static reference to the non-static method moveSquare(int, int) from the type MyPanel"
}
}
}
class MyPanel extends JPanel {
private int squareX = 50;
private int squareY = 50;
private int squareW = 200;
private int squareH = 200;
public MyPanel() {
setBorder(BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.black));
addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() {
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
moveSquare(e.getX(),e.getY());
}
});
addMouseMotionListener(new MouseAdapter() {
public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent e) {
moveSquare(e.getX(),e.getY());
}
});
}
// originally this method was private - in orger to access it within mull, it vas changed to public
public void moveSquare(int x, int y) {
int OFFSET = 1;
if ((squareX!=x) || (squareY!=y)) {
repaint(squareX,squareY,squareW+OFFSET,squareH+OFFSET);
squareX=x;
squareY=y;
repaint(squareX,squareY,squareW+OFFSET,squareH+OFFSET);
}
}
public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
return new Dimension(900,700);
}
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
g.drawString("This is my custom Panel!",10,20);
g.setColor(Color.RED);
g.fillRect(squareX,squareY,squareW,squareH);
g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
g.drawRect(squareX,squareY,squareW,squareH);
}
}

How can I make this JButton visible? When I have progressive scan background JWindow()?

How can I make the JButton visible?
1) When no progressive background is turned on: JButton is showing
2) When no progressive background is turned on, JButton is pressed still showing no flicker:
3) When progressive background is turned on, JButton is invisible and on pressing in this I see flicker and JButton() appears and again hides auto. << Problem is here, so how can I fix it?
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.AlphaComposite;
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.event.MouseListener;
import java.awt.event.MouseMotionListener;
public class ButtonTest extends JWindow implements MouseListener, MouseMotionListener {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private JFrame frame = new JFrame();
private SoftJButton softButton1;
public static void main(String[] args) {
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
#Override
public void run() {
ButtonTest j = new ButtonTest();
j.createAndShowGUI();
}
});
}
public void createAndShowGUI() {
softButton1 = new SoftJButton("Transparent Button");
softButton1.setBackground(Color.GREEN);
softButton1.setAlpha(0.5f);
softButton1.setDoubleBuffered(true);
this.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
this.setBounds(100, 30, 200, 100);
this.setBackground(new Color(0, 0, 0, 255));
this.setVisible(true);
add(softButton1);
}
#Override
public void paint(Graphics g) {
super.paint(g);
}
public void mouseDragged(MouseEvent e) {
}
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
}
public void mouseMoved(MouseEvent e) {
}
public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {
}
public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {
}
public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e) {
}
public void mouseExited(MouseEvent e) {
}
public static class SoftJButton extends JButton {
private static final JButton lafDeterminer = new JButton();
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private boolean rectangularLAF;
private float alpha = 1f;
public SoftJButton() {
this(null, null);
}
public SoftJButton(String text) {
this(text, null);
}
public SoftJButton(String text, Icon icon) {
super(text, icon);
setOpaque(false);
setFocusPainted(false);
}
public float getAlpha() {
return alpha;
}
public void setAlpha(float alpha) {
this.alpha = alpha;
repaint();
}
#Override
public void paintComponent(java.awt.Graphics g) {
java.awt.Graphics2D g2 = (java.awt.Graphics2D) g;
g2.setComposite(AlphaComposite.getInstance(AlphaComposite.SRC_OVER, alpha));
if (rectangularLAF && isBackgroundSet()) {
Color c = getBackground();
g2.setColor(c);
g.fillRect(0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight());
}
super.paintComponent(g2);
}
#Override
public void updateUI() {
super.updateUI();
lafDeterminer.updateUI();
rectangularLAF = lafDeterminer.isOpaque();
}
}
}

It's not clear how your video source works, but it appears to be incompatible with Swing due to Mixing Heavyweight and Lightweight Components. Although awt components aren't transparent, you can always draw your own translucent text on the Frame and do manual hit testing, as suggested below. You might also check to see if your video source API supports Double Buffering and Page Flipping.
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.AlphaComposite;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.FontMetrics;
import java.awt.Frame;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.Insets;
import java.awt.Rectangle;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.awt.geom.Rectangle2D;
/** #see http://stackoverflow.com/questions/6725618 */
public class AlphaFrame extends Frame {
private static final Font font = new Font("Dialog", Font.BOLD, 24);
private float alpha = 1f;
private Rectangle rect = new Rectangle();
public static void main(String[] args) {
AlphaFrame af = new AlphaFrame();
af.setTitle("Translucent Button");
af.setAlpha(0.5f);
af.setForeground(Color.green);
af.setBackground(Color.black);
af.setVisible(true);
}
public AlphaFrame() {
this.setSize(320, 240);
this.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
this.setBackground(Color.white);
this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
#Override
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
System.exit(0);
}
});
this.addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() {
#Override
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
if (rect.contains(e.getPoint())) {
System.out.println("Pressed.");
}
}
});
repaint();
}
#Override
public void paint(Graphics g) {
super.paint(g);
Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) g;
g2.setComposite(AlphaComposite.getInstance(
AlphaComposite.SRC_OVER, alpha));
g2.setColor(getForeground());
g2.setFont(font);
FontMetrics fm = g2.getFontMetrics();
String s = getTitle();
Insets i = getInsets();
int dx = i.left + 10;
int dy = i.top + fm.getHeight() + 10;
Rectangle2D bounds = fm.getStringBounds(s, g);
rect.x = dx + (int) bounds.getX() - 1;
rect.y = dy + (int) bounds.getY() - 1;
rect.width = (int) bounds.getWidth() + 1;
rect.height = (int) bounds.getHeight() + 1;
System.out.println(i + " \n" + bounds + "\n" + rect);
g2.drawRect(rect.x, rect.y, rect.width, rect.height);
g2.drawString(s, dx, dy);
}
public float getAlpha() {
return alpha;
}
public void setAlpha(float alpha) {
this.alpha = alpha;
}
}

import java.awt.event.*;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.AlphaComposite;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.UIManager.LookAndFeelInfo;
public class ButtonTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
#Override
public void run() {
new ButtonTest().createAndShowGUI();
}
});
}
private JFrame frame;
private SoftJButton softButton1;
public void createAndShowGUI() {
softButton1 = new SoftJButton("Transparent Button");
softButton1.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(800, 600));
frame = new JFrame();
frame.add(softButton1);
frame.setLocation(150, 150);
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.pack();
frame.setVisible(true);
Timer alphaChanger = new Timer(30, new ActionListener() {
private float incrementer = -.03f;
#Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
float newAlpha = softButton1.getAlpha() + incrementer;
if (newAlpha < 0) {
newAlpha = 0;
incrementer = -incrementer;
} else if (newAlpha > 1f) {
newAlpha = 1f;
incrementer = -incrementer;
}
softButton1.setAlpha(newAlpha);
}
});
alphaChanger.start();
Timer uiChanger = new Timer(5500, new ActionListener() {
private LookAndFeelInfo[] laf = UIManager.getInstalledLookAndFeels();
private int index = 1;
#Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
try {
UIManager.setLookAndFeel(laf[index].getClassName());
SwingUtilities.updateComponentTreeUI(frame);
} catch (Exception exc) {
exc.printStackTrace();
}
index = (index + 1) % laf.length;
}
});
uiChanger.start();
}
public static class SoftJButton extends JButton {
private static final JButton lafDeterminer = new JButton();
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private boolean rectangularLAF;
private float alpha = 1f;
public SoftJButton() {
this(null, null);
}
public SoftJButton(String text) {
this(text, null);
}
public SoftJButton(String text, Icon icon) {
super(text, icon);
setOpaque(false);
setFocusPainted(false);
}
public float getAlpha() {
return alpha;
}
public void setAlpha(float alpha) {
this.alpha = alpha;
repaint();
}
#Override
public void paintComponent(java.awt.Graphics g) {
java.awt.Graphics2D g2 = (java.awt.Graphics2D) g;
g2.setComposite(AlphaComposite.getInstance(AlphaComposite.SRC_OVER, alpha));
if (rectangularLAF && isBackgroundSet()) {
Color c = getBackground();
g2.setColor(c);
g.fillRect(0, 0, getWidth(), getHeight());
}
super.paintComponent(g2);
}
#Override
public void updateUI() {
super.updateUI();
lafDeterminer.updateUI();
rectangularLAF = lafDeterminer.isOpaque();
}
}
}