I am tweaking the JVM for the tomcat server. I know one can use CATALINA_OPTS to pass on java options. However, one downside of that is that I will have to export that environment variable every time I make a change, so I am wondering if there is an easier way. For example, will something like below work?
$ catalina.sh start -server -Xmx512M -XX:MaxPermSize=256m
You don't need to export this variable just run it that way:
CATALINA_OPTS='-server -Xmx512M -XX:MaxPermSize' catalina.sh start
Very similar to what you posted. The environment variable is visible only to the started process.
Or you can simply define the variable in catalina.sh file.
Related
I have this VM with tomcat, java, and grails in it. I've been getting permgen errors so I looked around and found the solution:
set JAVA_OPTS="-Xms256m -Xmx1024m -XX:PermSize=512m -XX:MaxPermSize=512m"
I use SSH to access the vm and type the arguments above. I suppose that would fix the problem. Thing is, I wanted to make sure that I did it correctly. So I searched again on how I could check the current permSize and this is the solution I got:
jinfo -flag MaxPermSize 6444
6444 is the pid, and as a response, I got this.
-XX:MaxPermSize=85983232
Question: Is the value of the maxPermSize in bytes? because, if it is, then that would mean that the java_opts command didn't work. I am expecting to get 512m but 85983232 bytes = 82 mb.. Or am I seeing it wrong..? Can anybody enlighten me on this? D:
You have to change the values in the CATALINA_OPTS option defined in the Tomcat Catalina start file. To increase the PermGen memory change the value of the MaxPermSize variable, otherwise change the value of the Xmx variable.
Linux & Mac OS: Open or create setenv.sh file placed in the "bin" directory. You have to apply the changes to this line:
export CATALINA_OPTS="$CATALINA_OPTS -server -Xms256m -Xmx1024m -XX:PermSize=512m -XX:MaxPermSize=512m"
Windows:
Open or create the setenv.bat file placed in the "bin" directory:
set CATALINA_OPTS=-server -Xms256m -Xmx1024m -XX:PermSize=512m -XX:MaxPermSize=512m
Don't put the environment configuration in catalina.bat/catalina.sh. Instead you should create a new file in CATALINA_BASE\bin\setenv.bat to keep your customizations separate of tomcat installation.
So you are doing the right thing concerning "-XX:MaxPermSize=512m": it is indeed the correct syntax. You could try to set these options directly to the Catalyna server files so they are used on server start.
Maybe this post will help you!
How to make sure that Tomcat6 reads CATALINA_OPTS on Windows?
Completely removed from java 8 +
Partially removed from java 7 (interned Strings for example)
source
I was looking at the complete command line of my java process running in a tomcat container and was surprised to see a -Dnop in there? Does anyone know what does it do and which component must have put it in there? I have not configured anything like that in my catalina.sh. I do set other system properties like Xms and Xmx, PermGen size, timezone, etc.
sps -wp 20301
/usr/local/java/jdk1.6.0.24/bin/amd64/java -Dnop -Xms128m -Xmx2048m -XX:PermSize=128m -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=8919 -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.authenticate=false -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.ssl=false -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Duser.timezone=GMT -Djava.endorsed.dirs=/prod/tomcat/endorsed -classpath /prod/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar -Dcatalina.base=/prod/tomcat -Dcatalina.home=/prod/tomcat -Djava.io.tmpdir=/prod/tomcat/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start
It sets the system property nop. I find it mentioned in these notes.
https://github.com/grgrzybek/tomcat-slf4j-logback
edit this bugzilla entries implies it is literally "no-op", i.e. a setting to fulfil the wrapper script requirements it can be any value, e.g. -DKilokahn would be valid too.
Set LOGGING_CONFIG to a harmless flag if JULI is not used. With my
Sun JVM, a plain -D is safe. I don't know how portable this is. It
isn't very pretty.
https://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=45585
The Java -D parameter means -Dproperty=value so 'nop' must be some property
There are lots of questions that ask this or a similar question.
They all give the command that has to be executed, what I don't understand is where do I write this command. I want to permanently increase the heap space for my tomcat apps.
I read this page http://javahowto.blogspot.com/2006/06/6-common-errors-in-setting-java-heap.html and it says under the Tomcat section
Stop Tomcat server, set environment variable CATALINA_OPTS, and then restart Tomcat. Look at the file tomcat-install/bin/catalina.sh or catalina.bat for how this variable is used. For example,
set CATALINA_OPTS=-Xms512m -Xmx512m (Windows, no "" around the value)
export CATALINA_OPTS="-Xms512m -Xmx512m" (ksh/bash, "" around the value)
setenv CATALINA_OPTS "-Xms512m -Xmx512m" (tcsh/csh, "" around the value)
So I replaced the line
set CATALINA_OPTS=
with
set CATALINA_OPTS=-Xms512m -Xmx512m
But I still get the error.
javax.servlet.ServletException: Servlet execution threw an exception
root cause
java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space
java.lang.reflect.Array.multiNewArray(Native Method)
java.lang.reflect.Array.newInstance(Array.java:90)
nom.tam.util.ArrayFuncs.newInstance(ArrayFuncs.java:1028)
nom.tam.fits.ImageData.read(ImageData.java:259)
nom.tam.fits.Fits.readHDU(Fits.java:573)
controller.UploadServlet.retreiveFITSFileFields(UploadServlet.java:206)
controller.ScanServerFiles.doPost(ScanServerFiles.java:39)
javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:637)
javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:717)
There is a mechanism to do it without modifying any files that are in the distribution. You can create a separate file %CATALINA_HOME%\bin\setenv.bat or $CATALINA_HOME/bin/setenv.sh and put your environment variables there. Further, the memory settings apply to the JVM, not Tomcat, so I'd set the JAVA_OPTS variable instead:
set JAVA_OPTS=-Xmx512m
First of all you cannot change the memory settings only for a tomcat application but rather for all tomcat instance.
If you are running tomcat from console (using startup.bat) you'll need to edit catalina.bat and play around with CATALINA_OPTS. For example:
set CATALINA_OPTS=-Xms512m -Xmx512m
Restarting tomcat will apply the new settings.
If you are still getting OutOfMemoryError you need to know how much memory does your application need at that particular moment (nom.tam.util.ArrayFuncs...). You'll either have to optimize the application or simply increase the memory provided to tomcat.
Your change may well be working. Does your application need a lot of memory - the stack trace shows some Image related features.
I'm guessing that the error either happens right away, with a large file, or happens later after several requests.
If the error happens right away, then you can increase memory still further, or investigate find out why so much memory is needed for one file.
If the error happens after several requests, then you could have a memory leak - where objects are not being reclaimed by the garbage collector. Using a tool like JProfiler
can help you monitor how much memory is being used by your VM and can help you see what is using that memory and why objects are not being reclaimed by the garbage collector.
Open the server tab in eclipse
right click open
click on open lauch configuration
Go to arguments
Here you can add in VM arguments after endorsed
-Xms64m -Xmx256m
You need to add the following lines in your catalina.sh file.
export CATALINA_OPTS="-Xms512M -Xmx1024M"
UPDATE : catalina.sh content clearly says -
Do not set the variables in this script. Instead put them into a script setenv.sh in CATALINA_BASE/bin to keep your customizations separate.
So you can add above in setenv.sh instead (create a file if it does not exist).
Easiest way of doing is: (In Linux/Ububuntu e.t.c)
Go to tomcat bin directory:
cd /opt/tomcat8.5/bin
create new file under bin directory "setenv.sh" and save below mention entries in it.
export CATALINA_OPTS="$CATALINA_OPTS -Xms512m"
export CATALINA_OPTS="$CATALINA_OPTS -Xmx2048m"
export CATALINA_OPTS="$CATALINA_OPTS -XX:MaxPermSize=256m"
and issue command:
./catalina.sh run
In your catalina log file you can see entry like this:
INFO [main] VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Xms512m
INFO [main] VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -Xmx2048m
INFO [main] VersionLoggerListener.log Command line argument: -XX:MaxPermSize=256m
Which confirms that above changes took place.
Also, the value of "Xms512m" and "-Xmx2048m" can be modified accordingly in the setenv.sh file.
Startup of tomcat could be done in two steps as well.
cd /opt/tomcat8.5/bin
Step #1
run ./setenv.sh
Step #2
./startup.sh
If you're using systemd edit:
/usr/lib/systemd/system/tomcat8.service
and set
Environment=CATALINA_OPTS="-Xms512M -Xmx2048M -XX:MaxPermSize=256m"
if you are using Windows, it's very simple. Just go to System Environnement variables (right-clic Computer > Properties > Advanced System Parameters > Environnement Variables); create a new system variable with name = CATALINA_OPTS and value = -Xms512m -Xmx1024m. restart Tomcat and enjoy!
For Windows Service, you need to run tomcat9w.exe (or 6w/7w/8w) depending on your version of tomcat.
First, make sure tomcat is stopped. Then double click on tomcat9w.exe. Navigate to the Java tab. If you know you have 64 bit Windows with 64 bit Java and 64 bit Tomcat, then feel free to set the memory higher than 512. You'll need to do some task manager monitoring to determine how high to set it. For most apps developed in 2019... I'd recommend an initial memory pool of 1024, and the maximum memory pool of 2048. Of course if your computer has tons of RAM... feel free to go as high as you want.
Also, see this answer: How to increase Maximum Memory Pool Size? Apache Tomcat 9
you can set this in catalina.sh as CATALINA_OPTS=-Xms512m -Xmx512m
Open your tomcat-dir/bin/catalina.sh file and add following line anywhere -
CATALINA_OPTS="$CATALINA_OPTS -Xms1024m -Xmx3024m"
and restart your tomcat
Just set this extra line in catalina.bat file
LINE NO AROUND: 143
set "CATALINA_OPTS=-Xms512m -Xmx512m"
And restart Tomcat service
In a shell script, I have set the JAVA_OPTS environment variable (to enable remote debugging and increase memory), and then I execute the jar file as follows:
export JAVA_OPTS="-Xdebug -Xrunjdwp:transport=dt_socket,address=8001,server=y,suspend=n -Xms512m -Xmx512m"
java -jar analyse.jar $*
But it seems there is no effect of the JAVA_OPTS env variable as I cannot connect to remote-debugging and I see no change in memory for the JVM.
What could be the problem?
PS: I cannot use those settings in the java -jar analyse.jar $* command because I process command line arguments in the application.
You can setup _JAVA_OPTIONS instead of JAVA_OPTS. This should work without $_JAVA_OPTIONS.
I don't know of any JVM that actually checks the JAVA_OPTS environment variable. Usually this is used in scripts which launch the JVM and they usually just add it to the java command-line.
The key thing to understand here is that arguments to java that come before the -jar analyse.jar bit will only affect the JVM and won't be passed along to your program. So, modifying the java line in your script to:
java $JAVA_OPTS -jar analyse.jar $*
Should "just work".
In the past 12 years some changes were made.
Environment variable JAVA_OPTS was and is NOT a standardized option. It is evaluated by some shell script wrappers for Java based tools, an example of how this works is in the answer from ZoogieZork.
The environment variable _JAVA_OPTIONS mentioned by HEX is nowadays deprecated/undocumented.
Starting with Java 9, the recommended way to do what you wanted is the variable JDK_JAVA_OPTIONS, see Using the JDK_JAVA_OPTIONS Launcher Environment Variable in the Oracle Java 9 documentation, and this comprehensive answer What is the difference between JDK_JAVA_OPTIONS and JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS when using Java 11?.
Is there a way that I can set the default heap size for the jvm on my own computer? I want to set it to 1g, because I'm always running custom programs that always hit the overage point in the default jvm size.
I just dont want to have to remember to type -XmX1g everytime I run my java app from the command line...
There has to be an admin way to do this right?
Apparently, _JAVA_OPTIONS works on Linux, too:
$ export _JAVA_OPTIONS="-Xmx1g"
$ java -jar jconsole.jar &
Picked up _JAVA_OPTIONS: -Xmx1g
For Windows users, you can add a system environment variable named _JAVA_OPTIONS, and set the heap size values there. The JVM should be able to grab the virtual machine options from _JAVA_OPTIONS.
This worked for me:
export _JAVA_OPTIONS="-Xmx1g"
It's important that you have no spaces because for me it did not work. I would suggest just copying and pasting. Then I ran:
java -XshowSettings:vm
and it will tell you:
Picked up _JAVA_OPTIONS: -Xmx1g
what platform are you running?..
if its unix, maybe adding
alias java='java -Xmx1g'
to .bashrc (or similar) work
edit: Changing XmX to Xmx
if the platform is Linux, then adding an entry in bash_profile will help.
vim ~/.bash_profile
then add
export _JAVA_OPTIONS="-Xmx4g"