Java: Compiling and running multiple packages from the command-line - java

I created multiple packages and want to compile and run them. I fiddled around with javac and java and learned about how packages should be named and how a project should be structured. I hope I got all right. But I fail at compilation and running the stuff. I know I could use an IDE for this, but I want to try it with the command-line tools just for curiousity.
Here is how my project is organized:
Project
+ src
+ net
+ chris
+ dojo
- Program.java
+ datastructures
- Queue.java
- LinkedList.java
+ sorting
- MergeSort.java
+ bin
+ net
+ chris
+ dojo
- Program.class (should be here but missing because compilation fails)
+ datastructures
- Queue.class
- LinkedList.class
+ sorting
- MergeSort.class
Compilation for the classes in the "datastructures" and "sorting" packages is working fine. Here are the commands I used. The folder structure in the "bin" folder is automatically created by the compiler.
javac -d bin src\net\chris\dojo\datastructures\*.java
javac -d bin src\net\chris\dojo\sorting\*.java
The problem is when I try to compile "Program.java" (thats the test class I run from the command-line) the compiler is throwing errors, because it cannot find the packages "net.chris.dojo.datastructures" and "net.chris.dojo.sorting".
Here is the compilation command:
javac -d bin src\net\chris\dojo\Program.java
This is the output I get:
src\net\chris\dojo\Program.java:3: error: cannot find symbol
import net.chris.dojo.datastructures;
^
symbol: class datastructures
location: package net.chris.dojo
src\net\chris\dojo\Program.java:4: error: cannot find symbol
import net.chris.dojo.sorting;
^
symbol: class sorting
location: package net.chris.dojo
src\net\chris\dojo\Program.java:11: error: cannot find symbol
MergeSort.sort(values);
^
symbol: variable MergeSort
location: class Program
src\net\chris\dojo\Program.java:12: error: cannot find symbol
Queue queue = new Queue();
^
symbol: class Queue
location: class Program
src\net\chris\dojo\Program.java:12: error: cannot find symbol
Queue queue = new Queue();
^
symbol: class Queue
location: class Program
src\net\chris\dojo\Program.java:13: error: cannot find symbol
LinkedList list = new LinkedList();
^
symbol: class LinkedList
location: class Program
src\net\chris\dojo\Program.java:13: error: cannot find symbol
LinkedList list = new LinkedList();
^
symbol: class LinkedList
location: class Program
7 errors
Thats the code of my class files:
Queue.java
package net.chris.dojo.datastructures;
public class Queue {
...
}
LinkedList.java
package net.chris.dojo.datastructures;
public class LinkedList {
...
}
MergeSort.java
package net.chris.dojo.sorting;
public class MergeSort {
...
}
Program.java
package net.chris.dojo;
import net.chris.dojo.datastructures;
import net.chris.dojo.sorting;
public class Program {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] values = { 9, 4, 6, 2, 0, 3, 8, 1, 7, 5 };
MergeSort.sort(values);
Queue queue = new Queue();
LinkedList list = new LinkedList();
}
}
I would run it with this command:
java -cp bin net.chris.dojo.Program
I execute all commands in the root folder of the project.
Thanks for your help.

The solution was to include the classpath when compiling. That way it can find the packages it depends on.
javac -d bin -cp bin src\net\chris\dojo\Program.java
Thanks #BigMike for the solution.

Try change this in your Program class
import net.chris.dojo.datastructures;
import net.chris.dojo.sorting;
to
import net.chris.dojo.datastructures.*;
import net.chris.dojo.sorting.*;
And when you compile your Program.java use following command
javac -d bin src\net\chris\dojo\Program.java -classpath bin

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When I try to compile the file with
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How can I solve this?
You need to add all classes that are used to your command. Like this:
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Cannot find symbol error in cmd but not in IDE

I'm trying to compile the following code (one of two files I need to complete this homework) but I'm getting 2 errors in cmd. This is what cmd throws at me:
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CarRental myCarRental = new CarRental(); //create CarRental object CarRental
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And this is the code I'm trying to compile.
public class CarRentalTest {
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What am I doing wrong here?
Not building CarRental, or not telling the compiler where to find the class if you have already compiled it. The IDE is probably assuming you want to build everything, so that's fine.
We don't know how your code is organized, but you should either pass all the relevant filenames to the compiler at the same time:
javac -d classes src\CarRental.java test\CarRentalTest.java
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javac -d classes src\CarRental.java
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If you are using a standard directory layout for your project, where production and test code are in separate directory trees then the java command line will not see the production class if your currect directory is the test directory.
To clarify:
Suppose you have this dir structure:
src/
main/
java/
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java/
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The IDE knows about this directory structure, includes the test path during compilation and therefore it works OK.
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But I am fairly certain I have everything set up correctly (evidently I do not, and yet I remain stubborn!). Also, even if these two files were not part of MyPackage, shouldn't JAVA look in the current directory as default and find SimpleSphere???
Seems that you're compiling the classes directly using javac ClassName.java inside the folder where they are located. You have to move one folder up and compile them since there.
Here's a sample of how the files should be located
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In your cmd/shell:
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javac fails with symbol not found

Here is my folder structure:
- myGame/
- bin/
- src/
- common/
- logic/
- main/
- messageprotocol/
- test/
- util/
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- Geometry.java
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cd myGame/bin
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Edit: Errors I receive are:
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myGame/src/util/Test.java:16: cannot find symbol
symbol : class Rectangle
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location: class util.Test
serverSocket = new Circle(Geometry.NUMBER);
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symbol : class Rectangle
location: class util.Test
rectangles[i] = new Rectangle(number, rectangles);
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Package structure for your Test.java is util.Test so you should do:
cd myGame/src
javac -d ../bin -classpath ../bin util/Test.java
and then try running it. hope this helps.

Java cannot find symbol when compiling

I am following a Java tutorial (left to my own devices to write the test code), but when trying to compile I get a symbol not found error. I've looked and looked, but cannot work out why the code I have written produces this error. It's probably very simple, but I'd appreciate someone pointing out the cause as I'm pulling my hair out trying to understand what I've done wrong!
TestBeerExpert.java:
package com.example.model;
import com.example.model.*;
import java.util.*;
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public static void main(String[] args) {
TestBeerExpert test = new TestBeerExpert();
test.go();
}
private void go() {
BeerExpert expert = new BeerExpert();
List<String> brands = expert.getBrands("amber");
...
}
}
BeerExpert.java:
package com.example.model;
import java.util.*;
public class BeerExpert {
public List<String> getBrands(String color) {
List<String> brands = new ArrayList<String>();
...
return(brands);
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}
Directory structure:
beerV1 -> src -> com -> example -> model -> TestBeerExpert.java & BeerExpert.java
Compiling from beerV1 with javac -d classes src/com/example/model/TestBeerExpert.java
And the actual error:
src/com/example/model/TestBeerExpert.java:14: error: cannot find symbol
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symbol: class BeerExpert
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src/com/example/model/TestBeerExpert.java:14: error: cannot find symbol
BeerExpert expert = new BeerExpert();
^
symbol: class BeerExpert
location: class TestBeerExpert
2 errors
For the life of me I can't work out what I'm doing wrong. The files are in the same directory and package, so as far as I am aware this should be compiling. I'd be grateful to now only have the code corrected but and explanation of what I have done wrong so I can remember it for the future. Thanks in advance.
Add src to your sourcepath
javac -sourcepath src -d classes src/com/example/model/TestBeerExpert.java
You need to do this because you execute javac from a different directory from where the sources are.
No need to compile BeerExpert first (javac will do it for you with the above command).
Validatation:
~/beerV1$ ls src/com/example/model/
BeerExpert.java TestBeerExpert.java
~/beerV1$ ls classes
~/beerV1$ javac -sourcepath src -d classes src/com/example/model/TestBeerExpert.java
~/beerV1$ ls classes/com/example/model/
BeerExpert.class TestBeerExpert.class
You are getting the compile error because compiler is not able to find BeerExpert class. Try below
1. first compile BeerExpert.java using :
javac -d classes src\com\example\model\BeerExpert.java
2. then compile TestBeerExpert.java
javac -cp classes -d classes src\com\example\model\TestBeerExpert.java

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