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JDBC driver not found (servlet, DAO, mariaDB) [duplicate]

I developer a web application using Java. When I deploy it to my application server (Jetty, Tomcat, JBoss, GlassFish, etc.) throws an error. I can see this error message in the stacktrace:
java.lang.ClassNotFoundException
Or
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError
What does this mean and how can I fix it?

What does this mean?
First, let's see the meaning of java.lang.ClassNotFoundException:
Thrown when an application tries to load in a class through its string name using:
The forName method in class Class.
The findSystemClass method in class ClassLoader.
The loadClass method in class ClassLoader.
but no definition for the class with the specified name could be found.
Usually, this happens when trying to open a connection manually in this form:
String jdbcDriver = "...'; //name of your driver
Class.forName(jdbcDriver);
Or when you refer to a class that belongs to an external library and strangely this class cannot be loaded when the application server tries to deploy the application.
Let's see the meaning of java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError (emphasis mine):
Thrown if the Java Virtual Machine or a ClassLoader instance tries to load in the definition of a class (as part of a normal method call or as part of creating a new instance using the new expression) and no definition of the class could be found.
The searched-for class definition existed when the currently executing class was compiled, but the definition can no longer be found.
The last part says it all: the class existed at compile time i.e. when I compiled the application through my IDE, but it is not available at runtime i.e. when the application is deployed.
how can I fix it?
In Java web applications, all third party libraries used by your application must go in WEB-INF/lib folder. Make sure that all the necessary libraries (jars) are placed there. You can check this easily:
- <webapp folder>
- WEB-INF
- lib
+ jar1
+ jar2
+ ...
- META-INF
- <rest of your folders>
This problem usually arises for JDBC connectivity jars (MySQL, Derby, MSSQL, Oracle, etc.) or web MVC frameworks libraries like JSF or Spring MVC.
Take into account that some third party libraries rely on other third party libraries, so you have to add all of them in WEB-INF/lib in order to make the application work. A good example of this is RichFaces 4 libraries, where you have to download and add the external libraries manually.
Note for Maven users: you should not experience these problems unless you have set the libraries as provided, test or system. If set to provided, you're responsible to add the libraries somewhere in the classpath. You can find more info about the dependency scopes here: Introduction to the Dependency Mechanism
In case the library must be shared among several applications that will be deployed on your application server e.g. MySQL connector for two applications, there's another alternative. Instead of deploying two war files each with their own MySQL connector library, place this library in the common library folder of the server application, this will enable the library to be in the classpath of all the deployed applications.
This folder vary from application server.
Tomcat 7/8: <tomcat_home>/lib
JBoss 7/Wildfly: <jboss_home>/standalone/lib

The class must exist under WEB-INF/classes or be inside a .jar file under WEB-INF/lib. Make sure it does.

Same problem happen with me.
Might be possible one of your libraries are using some classes internal which is not available
in your lib or maven dependency pom.xml.
Thats means you have analyze your error logs and identify these classes and then import all dependencies in maven or lib folder.
I have fixed this error by the same way.
because some of my libraries are using activation.jar and json.jar internally.

How to resolve java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: iaik/x509/X509Certificate?

I am using Struts 2.0 for one application and getting the class not found exception:
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: iaik/x509/X509Certificate
After searching some site i found this class is in iaik_jce.jar.Can anyone help me understanding when this jar is required and if the jar is proper
Cannot paste the entire stacktarce.

The issue is resolved adding enttoolkit.jar .
The jar is available with webmethods client \common\lib\ext\enttoolkit.jar
The java code is calling service of webmethods,so the jar is required in the java app classpath.

Initial SessionFactory creation failed.java.lang.ClassFormatError

Error in Console:-
Initial SessionFactory creation failed.java.lang.ClassFormatError: Absent Code attribute in method that is not native or abstract in class file javax/transaction/SystemException
Hello
I am building a standalone Java Application with Main Method which connects to the database using Hibernate and writes to a file on C drive as well.
I have added all the libraries to the class path using Java Build Path configuration and user libraries. But I keep getting this error ...I have also added the javaee jar from the glassfish server libraries but that has also not solved the problem. I also have the jboss-transaction-api_1.1_spec-1.0.0.Final.Jar added to my class path.
Please advise as I am not using Maven as yet ???
Here are the jars in my build path-
-antlr
-c3p0
-commons-collections
-commons-logging
-commong-logging-api
-dom4j
-hibernate-c3p0
-hibernate-commons-annotation
-hibernate-core
-hibernate-entitymanager
-hibernate-envers
-hibernate-jpa
-javaee-api-6.0jar
-javaassist
-jboss-logging
-jboss-transaction-api
-jms
-log4j
-lucene-core
-MySQL-connector
-slf4j
-javaee.jar
Any help would be truly appreciated .. I am just lost on what is going on ?

I am sure you have 2 different versions for the same class. check your jars.

NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class org.apache.axis2.description.AxisService

While running the application I was getting the following errors.
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class org.apache.axis2.description.AxisService
AxisService class is in axis2-kernel-1.6.2.jar file. Some of the classes from this jar are working fine without any issues, but some classes are throwing NoClassDefFoundError from this jar file at runtime. AxisService class is present in axis2-kernel-1.6.2.jar, even it throws error.
This is working fine in local machine. But error getting in Oracle r12 server.I have already set the class path for the jar file.
I am Using Java version is 1.6 and Apache axis2.1.6.2.

Had the same issue. I had included only jars that I needed to compile the application.
When I included everything from \axis2-1.6.2\lib\ folder, this exception were gone.

I had a similar problem using Tomcat and Axis2 and after a week finding out the error I realized there was a axis configuration problem. especifically my aplication can't instantiate the class which accedded to persistence layer. I include this parameter line:
<parameter name="ServiceTCCL">composite</parameter>
in services.xml file which is used by axis2 to work.
For more information see the comments in http://wso2.com/node/1131

JAXBException caused by generated code

I am getting the following JAXBException of the form
class SomeClass nor any of its super class is known to this context.
The full stack trace looks like this:
javax.xml.ws.WebServiceException: javax.xml.bind.JAXBException: class com.myCompany.generatedCode.WebServiceOperationName nor any of its super class is known to this context.
at org.apache.axis2.jaxws.ExceptionFactory.createWebServiceException(ExceptionFactory.java:175)
at org.apache.axis2.jaxws.ExceptionFactory.makeWebServiceException(ExceptionFactory.java:70)
at org.apache.axis2.jaxws.ExceptionFactory.makeWebServiceException(ExceptionFactory.java:128)
at org.apache.axis2.jaxws.core.controller.impl.AxisInvocationController.execute(AxisInvocationController.java:586)
at org.apache.axis2.jaxws.core.controller.impl.AxisInvocationController.doInvoke(AxisInvocationController.java:130)
at org.apache.axis2.jaxws.core.controller.impl.InvocationControllerImpl.invoke(InvocationControllerImpl.java:93)
at org.apache.axis2.jaxws.client.proxy.JAXWSProxyHandler.invokeSEIMethod(JAXWSProxyHandler.java:364)
at org.apache.axis2.jaxws.client.proxy.JAXWSProxyHandler.invoke(JAXWSProxyHandler.java:185)
at $Proxy41.deleteAccount(Unknown Source)
at com.myCompany.myPackage.MyWebServiceClient.callSomeWebService(MyWebServiceClient.java:100)
(other classes specific to my application and framework)
...
Caused by:
javax.xml.bind.JAXBException: class com.myCompany.generatedCode.WebServiceOperationName nor any of its super class is known to this context.
at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.JAXBContextImpl.getBeanInfo(JAXBContextImpl.java:556)
at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.XMLSerializer.childAsRoot(XMLSerializer.java:452)
at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.MarshallerImpl.write(MarshallerImpl.java:314)
at com.sun.xml.internal.bind.v2.runtime.MarshallerImpl.marshal(MarshallerImpl.java:243)
at javax.xml.bind.helpers.AbstractMarshallerImpl.marshal(AbstractMarshallerImpl.java:75)
at com.ibm.xml.xlxp2.jaxb.marshal.MarshallerProxy.marshal(MarshallerProxy.java:100)
at org.apache.axis2.datasource.jaxb.JAXBDSContext$1.run(JAXBDSContext.java:470)
at org.apache.axis2.java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(AccessController.java:76)
at org.apache.axis2.datasource.jaxb.JAXBDSContext.marshalByElement(JAXBDSContext.java:455)
at org.apache.axis2.datasource.jaxb.JAXBDSContext.marshal(JAXBDSContext.java:414)
at org.apache.axis2.jaxws.message.databinding.impl.JAXBBlockImpl._outputFromBO(JAXBBlockImpl.java:189)
at org.apache.axis2.jaxws.message.impl.BlockImpl.outputTo(BlockImpl.java:372)
at org.apache.axis2.jaxws.message.impl.BlockImpl.serialize(BlockImpl.java:296)
at org.apache.axiom.om.impl.llom.OMSourcedElementImpl.internalSerializeAndConsume(OMSourcedElementImpl.java:808)
at org.apache.axiom.om.impl.llom.OMElementImpl.internalSerialize(OMElementImpl.java:975)
at org.apache.axiom.om.impl.llom.OMElementImpl.internalSerializeAndConsume(OMElementImpl.java:1016)
at org.apache.axiom.soap.impl.llom.SOAPEnvelopeImpl.serializeInternally(SOAPEnvelopeImpl.java:271)
at org.apache.axiom.soap.impl.llom.SOAPEnvelopeImpl.internalSerialize(SOAPEnvelopeImpl.java:233)
at org.apache.axiom.om.impl.llom.OMElementImpl.internalSerializeAndConsume(OMElementImpl.java:1016)
at org.apache.axiom.om.impl.llom.OMNodeImpl.serializeAndConsume(OMNodeImpl.java:488)
at org.apache.axis2.transport.http.SOAPMessageFormatter.writeTo(SOAPMessageFormatter.java:88)
at com.ibm.ws.websvcs.transport.http.SOAPOverHTTPSender.writeMessage(SOAPOverHTTPSender.java:3271)
at com.ibm.ws.websvcs.transport.http.SOAPOverHTTPSender.sendChunkedRequest(SOAPOverHTTPSender.java:888)
at com.ibm.ws.websvcs.transport.http.SOAPOverHTTPSender.sendSOAPRequest(SOAPOverHTTPSender.java:807)
at com.ibm.ws.websvcs.transport.http.SOAPOverHTTPSender.send(SOAPOverHTTPSender.java:611)
at com.ibm.ws.websvcs.transport.http.HTTPTransportSender.invoke(HTTPTransportSender.java:364)
at org.apache.axis2.engine.AxisEngine.send(AxisEngine.java:531)
at org.apache.axis2.description.OutInAxisOperationClient.send(OutInAxisOperation.java:401)
at org.apache.axis2.description.OutInAxisOperationClient.executeImpl(OutInAxisOperation.java:228)
at org.apache.axis2.client.OperationClient.execute(OperationClient.java:163)
at org.apache.axis2.jaxws.core.controller.impl.AxisInvocationController.execute(AxisInvocationController.java:581)
... 52 more
What triggers this is attempting to make a call to a web service operation named WebServiceOperationName. I've seen other tips for dealing with this error which usually involve adding a #XmlSeeAlso annotation or making adjustments to how marshalling and unmarshalling are done.
In this case, I am calling a webservice whose code is generated by Maven based on a WSDL (and supporting schemas). I don't have direct control over the code produced by Maven, and I don't have control over the marshall/unmarshall calls. Other webservice calls in the application don't seem to be having any problem.
Even stranger, I can't reproduce this on my local server, though it happens on the development server. The generated JAR for the webservice is the same, as it the rest of the application's code.
This exception has appeared suddenly this week (and consistently), and I suspect that something has changed, environmentally, but I'm not sure what. Any ideas?
A new observation:
The first time I attempt to run this code on the server after it's been started/restarted, it takes a while (About a minute) before it fails and throws an exception. Every time after that, the exception is almost instantaneous...
Further information:
This problem is present in WebSphere 7.0.0.23 (which is on the server), but not in WebSphere 7.0.0.7 (on the workstation).

The issue's been resolved. I was inspecting the jar that contained the class WAS was complaining about and noticed that some of the classes were duplicated at different levels of package hierarchy. It's worth pointing out that the class that was reported in the original error was not actually one of these duplicated classes. Also, the application did not reference different variants of the same class - the classes referenced were in the expected package. The extra duplicates one level up were not referenced anywhere (as far as I can tell).
It looked like a bad Maven configuration, but when I inspected the xjb binding files, I couldn't figure out how the types in that schema namespace got bound to two different packages. Either way, I cleanded up some of the binding files used by Maven, refactored common bindings into one file, had Maven rebuild the jar, and then tested, and suddenly the issue was gone!
Clearly there was a problem in WAS 7.0.0.23 since the original jar worked fine on WAS 7.0.0.7. It may have been caused by a problem with the Maven bindings which resulted in a strange-looking but technically valid jar.
Also interesting: one of our developers upgraded WAS to 7.0.0.25 and used the original "bad" jar and got a "no such operation" error instead of the JAXBException.

I have the same problem in Guidewire ClaimCenter, which is an insurance application that can be configured but the core can't be modified at all, It's Java based it has component included like axis2 but I created a seperate java project that wraps a webservice call, I created all the stub code with wsimport. It works well under my deve enviroment which is windows and jetty because is the Guidewire platform to configure it (no other option). we use WAS 7 as production server.
Caused by: javax.xml.ws.WebServiceException: javax.xml.bind.JAXBException: au.com.mycompany.policyinquiry.retrieveinsurancepolicydetails.v1.RetrieveInsurancePolicyDetailsResp is not known to this context
at org.apache.axis2.jaxws.ExceptionFactory.createWebServiceException(ExceptionFactory.java:175)
at org.apache.axis2.jaxws.ExceptionFactory.makeWebServiceException(ExceptionFactory.java:70)
at org.apache.axis2.jaxws.ExceptionFactory.makeWebServiceException(ExceptionFactory.java:128)
at org.apache.axis2.jaxws.marshaller.impl.alt.DocLitBareMinimalMethodMarshaller.demarshalResponse(DocLitBareMinimalMethodMarshaller.java:158)
at org.apache.axis2.jaxws.client.proxy.JAXWSProxyHandler.createResponse(JAXWSProxyHandler.java:499)
at org.apache.axis2.jaxws.client.proxy.JAXWSProxyHandler.invokeSEIMethod(JAXWSProxyHandler.java:377)
at org.apache.axis2.jaxws.client.proxy.JAXWSProxyHandler.invoke(JAXWSProxyHandler.java:185)
at $Proxy80.retrieveInsurancePolicyDetails(Unknown Source)
I tried to generate and compile the client in the server side just in case it was something related with different JDK platform, but that didn't solve the problem.
I found the next article was 6!
but for WAS 6 , I haven't tried though.
When the JAX-WS web service engine receives a message, it uses
the JAXB engine to convert the message into java beans.
The message indicates a failure occurred while converting xml
into an object of type
com.somecom.lib.business.xml.ComIdentifierXml. The failure
indicates that the JAXB engine was not initialized with
information about this user class.
.
In this use case, the class
com.somecom.lib.business.xml.ComIdentifierXml is packaged in a
JAR at the EAR level. The exception does not happen if the
class is packaged in a JAR located in the WAR module's
WEB-INF/lib directory.
SOLUTION:
Target Environment:
IBM server
IBM JDK 1.6
IBM Webpshere 7.0.0.25
The client to call the webservice is using pure JAVA no dependency on external library JAX-WS RI 2.1.6
In webspehre
1- Set for the application the class loading to parent last
2- Turn off webservice annotations with this: Set the com.ibm.websphere.webservices.DisableIBMJAXWSEngine property to true. this will disabled Websphere own implementation based on a modified Axis2
3- Deploy your application with third-party JAX-WS runtime
in my case i used Glassfish Metro 1.5 which includes JAX-WS RI 2.1.7 and is the same as my local environment with JDK 1.6.0_37
That's it
Cheers
Alex :)