Flatten an iterator of iterators in Java - java

Flatten an iterator of iterators in Java. If the input is [ [1,2], [3,[4,5]], 6], it should return [1,2,3,4,5,6]. Implement hasNext() and next(). Be careful when the inner iterator or list is empty.
I don't think my code works for multiple levels of inner lists.
public class FlattenList {
int index = 0; // keep an index to indicate where the current accessed element is
List<Integer> flattenedList = new ArrayList<>(); // flattenedList
public FlattenList(List<List<Integer>> lists){
for(List<Integer> list : lists){ // add all inner list to our underlying list.
flattenedList.addAll(list);
}
}
public boolean hasNext(){ // check if the index has exceeded the list size
return flattenedList.size() > index? true : false;
}
public Integer next(){ // return the next element, and increment the index
Integer result = flattenedList.get(index);
index++;
return result;
}
}

So basically this is like writing a depth first traversal of a tree. Leaf nodes of this tree are numbers, all interior nodes are modeled as Iterators. Here is some pseudo code:
void flatten(Iterator<Object> iterator, List<Integer> flattenedList) {
for (Object o : iterator) {
if (o instanceof Iterator) {
flatten((Iterator) o, flattenedList);
} else {
flattenedList.add((Integer) o);
}
}
}

Here, I'll start it for you:
public <T> Iterator<T> flatten(final Iterator<Iterator<T>> iterators) {
if (iterators == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("iterators can't be null");
}
return new Iterator<>() {
#Override
public boolean hasNext() {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not implemented: hasNext");
}
#Override
public T next() {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not implemented: next");
}
};
}
Now you just do that pesky brainwork and you'll be done.
EDIT
If you're not used to that syntax, here's a slightly easier one:
public <T> Iterator<T> flatten(final Iterator<Iterator<T>> iterators) {
return new MyFlatteningIterator<>(iterators);
}
public class MyFlatteningIterator<T> implements Iterator<T> {
private final Iterator<Iterator<T>> iterators;
public MyFlatteningIterator(final Iterator<Iterator<T>> iterators) {
if (iterators == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("iterators can't be null");
}
this.iterators = iterators;
}
#Override
public boolean hasNext() {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not implemented: hasNext");
}
#Override
public T next() {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not implemented: next");
}
}

You should not treat this as a list, rather as Jon stated this is more suitable when you are talking about trees. If you infect looking for a solution to get a flatted iterator of list of lists (something that looks like [[1],[1,2,3],[8,9]]) then I think that the following solution will work better
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Iterator;
public class FlattedIterator<T> implements Iterator<T> {
private Iterator<T>[] iteratorsArray;
public FlattedIterator(Collection<T>[] items) {
this.iteratorsArray = new Iterator[items.length];
for(int index = 0; index < items.length; index++) {
this.iteratorsArray[index] = items[index].iterator();
}
}
#Override
public boolean hasNext() {
boolean hasNext = false;
for(int index = 0; index < this.iteratorsArray.length; index++) {
hasNext |= this.iteratorsArray[index].hasNext();
}
return hasNext;
}
#Override
public T next() {
int index = 0;
while(index < this.iteratorsArray.length && !this.iteratorsArray[index].hasNext()) {
index++;
}
if(index >= this.iteratorsArray.length ) {
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("Reached end of iterator");
}
return this.iteratorsArray[index].next();
}
}
Bear in mind that the reason that I think this solution will work better is due to the fact that in your solution you initialized flattenedList by adding all the data from the given lists meaning that if in some point of the program one of those lists will received more data after you initialized FlattenList then the new data wont appear while you read the iterator.

Related

Removing an item from a list in Java

I've scoured this site (as well as the web) and for some reason cannot find an answer that works. Either I get an index out of bounds error, or the next part of my code won't execute. All I am trying to do is remove a item from a list in Java using an iterator. Here is my code:
public boolean remove(T item) {
while (bag.iterator().hasNext()) {
T i = bag.iterator().next();
if (i.equals(item)) {
bag.iterator().remove();
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
My iterator inherits from my "Bag" class obviously, but here it is as well:
public Iterator<T> iterator() {
return new Iterator<T>() {
private int current = 0;
public boolean hasNext() {
return current < size;
}
public T next() {
return data[current++];
}
public void remove() {
for (int i=current-1; i<size-1; i++)
data[i] = data[i+1];
size--;
}
};
}
Any help is much appreciated, thanks guys!!
Clayton
Every time you call bag.iterator(), you get a new Iterator object, not the same one you had before. You should get the iterator once, then use it through your loop:
public boolean remove(T item) {
Iterator<T> iter = bag.iterator();
while (iter.hasNext()) {
T i = iter.next();
if (i.equals(item)) {
iter.remove();
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
Your code has another issue: if you call remove() on your iterator before you call next(), your code will try to access data[-1]. You might want to put some protection code around that such as:
public void remove() {
if(current > 0) {
for (int i=current-1; i<size-1; i++)
data[i] = data[i+1];
size--;
}
}

Made a Priority Queue, having problems with delMin and insert

I have made a Priority Queue class with an array list, but I am having trouble with the insert and delMin (delete minimum areas). I cannot create more functions and here is my code:
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
public class MyMinPQ<E extends Comparable<E>> implements Iterable<E> {
private ArrayList<E> pq;
private int N;
public MyMinPQ() {
pq = new ArrayList<E>();
}
public E delMin(){
E minVal = min();
pq.remove(0);
N--;
return minVal;
}
public E min (){
if (isEmpty())
throw new NoSuchElementException();
return pq.get(0);
}
public void insert (E item){
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++){
pq.add(item);
if (pq.get(i) > pq.get(i+1)) {
E tmp = pq.get(i);
pq.set(i+1, tmp);
}
}
N++;
}
public boolean isEmpty() {
return N == 0;
}
public int size() {
return N;
}
public Iterator<E> iterator() {
return new Iterator<E>(){
int current = 0;
public boolean hasNext() {
return current != size();
}
public E next() {
if (hasNext())
return pq.get(current++);
else throw new NoSuchElementException( );
}
public void remove() {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException( );
}
};
}
}
At the insert portion of the code, I know that I have to sort the new additions to Arraylist but I am having issues with going about this. I tried to compare the values that is within the list, but eclipse does not allow it based on how I formatted it. When I use compareTo, it does not work with my iterator and everything goes into disarray.
My question is how can I go about modifying my insert function so it can sort new items in descending order? Will my delMin() also have to change because of it?
try this
public void insert(E item) {
int i = 0;
while (i < N && pq.get(i).compareTo(item) <= 0) {
i++;
}
N++;
}

Interview: Collections Iterator

Hi guys i got this as an interview question and was having trouble with it. I am familiar with generics/collections & iterator but the manner i which the Collection is declared completely threw me.
Heres the question: Contained in the provided workspace is cocI, the start of a class that implements an Iterator that can be used to iterate a Collection of Collections. The Collection of Collections is passed into the constructor of the class. The Iterator should iterate through the contents depth-first.
For example, if the Collection of Collections looks like the following:
[0] – [“A”, “B”, “C”]
[1] – [“D”]
[2] – [“E”, “F”]
The iterator should then return the contents in the following order: “A”, “B”, “C”, “D”, “E”, “F”
Q.Provide implementations for the hasNext() and next() methods in cocI
Thanks
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Iterator;
public class cocI implements Iterator<Object> {
private Collection<Collection<Object>> _collOfColl = null;
public cocI(Collection<Collection<Object>> collofColl) {
_collOfColl = collofColl;
}
public boolean hasNext() {
// TODO implement this method
return false;
}
public Object next() {
// TODO implement this method
return null;
}
public void remove() {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
}
All you need to do is keep track of the current collection's iterator within the collection of collections. The hasnext() method, which is the tricky part, will then do one of two things: return true if the current iterator has more elements, if not search until we find a collection that has elements. If we exhaust all the collections, return false.
public class Cocl implements Iterator<Object> {
private Collection<Collection<Object>> _collOfColl = null;
private final Iterator<Collection<Object>> coClIterator;
private Iterator<Object> currentColIterator;
public Cocl(Collection<Collection<Object>> collofColl) {
_collOfColl = collofColl;
coClIterator = collofColl.iterator();
if (coClIterator.hasNext()) {
currentColIterator = coClIterator.next().iterator();
}
}
public boolean hasNext() {
if (currentColIterator == null) {
return false;
}
if (!currentColIterator.hasNext()) {
while (coClIterator.hasNext()) {
currentColIterator = coClIterator.next().iterator();
if (currentColIterator.hasNext()) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
} else {
return true;
}
}
public Object next() {
if (hasNext()) {
return currentColIterator.next();
}
throw new NoSuchElementException();
}
public void remove() {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Collection<Object> one = Arrays.asList((Object) "A", (Object) "B", (Object) "C");
Collection<Object> two = Arrays.asList((Object) "D", (Object) "E");
Cocl cocl = new Cocl(Arrays.asList(one, two));
while (cocl.hasNext()) {
Object a = cocl.next();
System.out.println(a);
}
}
}
A couple of introductory remarks:
cocI is an odd class name; it should start with a capital letter.
The interface you are supposed to implement doesn't use generics effectively. You should be able to use a data type more specific than Object.
It is good practice to use the #Override annotation.
The solution involves an iterator for the outer collection and an iterator for the inner collection. When the inner iterator runs out of elements, it needs to be replaced with an iterator for the next collection. However, considering that a collection could be empty, the advancement needs to be done in a loop, which I've put in an advanceCollection() helper.
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
public class cocI<T> implements Iterator<T> {
private Iterator<Collection<T>> outerIterator;
private Iterator<T> innerIterator;
public cocI(Collection<Collection<T>> collofColl) {
this.outerIterator = collofColl.iterator();
advanceCollection();
}
#Override
public boolean hasNext() {
return this.innerIterator != null && this.innerIterator.hasNext();
}
#Override
public T next() {
if (this.innerIterator == null) {
throw new NoSuchElementException();
}
try {
return this.innerIterator.next();
} finally {
advanceCollection();
}
}
#Override
public void remove() {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
private void advanceCollection() {
while ((this.innerIterator == null || !this.innerIterator.hasNext())
&& this.outerIterator.hasNext()) {
this.innerIterator = this.outerIterator.next().iterator();
}
}
}
There is one slightly tricky piece of code I used:
try {
return this.innerIterator.next();
} finally {
advanceCollection();
}
It is roughly equivalent to:
T result = this.innerIterator.next();
advanceCollection();
return result;

Java - Trying to create an Iterator within an Iterator

The list over which I want to iterate, contains an Array.
What I am trying to do is to make it possible to create an Iterator within the Iterator, so that I am able to iterate over the array in every Listelement.
I tried it this way:
#Override
public Iterator<A> iterator() {
return new MyListIterator();
}
private class MyListIterator implements Iterator<A>, Iterable<B>
{
private Listelem current;
private MyListIterator()
{
this.current = head;
}
#Override
public boolean hasNext()
{
return this.current != null;
}
#Override
public A next()
{
A next = this.current.getValue();
this.current = this.current.getSuccessor();
return next;
}
#Override
public void remove()
{
Listelem tmp = head;
while( tmp.getSuccessor().getSuccessor() != this.current )
{
tmp = tmp.getSuccessor();
}
tmp.setSuccessor(this.current);
}
#Override
public Iterator<B> iterator() {
return new MyInnerListIterator();
}
private class MyInnerListIterator implements Iterator<B>
{
private int currentIndex = 0;
private B[] array = current.getAssoc();
#Override
public boolean hasNext() {
return currentIndex < array.length && array[currentIndex] != null;
}
#Override
public B next() {
return array[currentIndex++];
}
#Override
public void remove() {
}
}
}
The problem is, when I am creating the first Iterator with iterator() the object does not contain the method iterator().
Can somebody explain to my why this is not working, and how to do it different?
The problem is that iterator returns an Iterator, even though in this case it happens to also be a MyListIterator. Class Iterator does not have an iterator() function. You need to have iterator() return a MyListIterator, so that you can use methods not in the Iterator interface.
It is likely simpler however, to simply use a for:in loop:
List<Object[]> list = ....
for (Iterator<Object[]> it = list.iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
Object[] arr = it.next();
for (Object o : arr) {
...
}
}
And if you don't need to remove elements from the list, then you can replace the iterator use with another for:in

Java Array Tree Iterator

I am trying to write a class that implements a tree using an array and I need some help to write an Iterator method that which returns an iterator of the elements stored in the tree.
Solution:
public Iterator<E> iterator() {
return new Iterator<E>() {
private int index = 0;
public boolean hasNext() {
return index < ArrayTree.this.size();
}
public E next() {
if (!hasNext()) {
return new NoSuchElementException();
}
return ArrayTree.this.tree[index++];
}
public void remove() {
return new OperationNotSupported();
}
}
}
Without examining your implementation very closely, a very simple implementation might be
public Iterator<E> iterator() {
return new Iterator<E>() {
private int index = 0;
public boolean hasNext() {
return index < ArrayTree.this.size();
}
public E next() {
if (!hasNext()) {
return new NoSuchElementException();
}
return ArrayTree.this.tree[index++];
}
public void remove() {
return new OperationNotSupported();
}
}
}
There are a couple of ways to go, but if your ArrayTree class implements Iterable and Iterator interfaces you'll be on your way.

Categories