improving speed of comunication in java sockets - java

I am trying to improve the speed at which the sockets transfer information but i am unsure how to do so. the pourpose of the code is to transfer a number, the date, and a short xml which is being sent in the form of a string.
this is the server code
import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;
public class SSocket extends Thread
{
private ServerSocket serverSocket;
public SSocket(int port) throws IOException
{
serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port);
serverSocket.setSoTimeout(100000);
}
public void run()
{
System.out.println("Waiting for client on port " + serverSocket.getLocalPort() + "...");
while(true)
{
try
{
Socket server = serverSocket.accept();
DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(server.getInputStream());
int cor=in.readInt();
int i=0;
String transaccion = in.readUTF();
String fecha = in.readUTF();
System.out.println(cor);
System.out.println(transaccion);
System.out.println(fecha);
DataOutputStream out =
new DataOutputStream(server.getOutputStream());
if(transaccion!=null && fecha != null && cor>0){
out.writeInt(cor);
}
else {
out.writeInt(-1);
}
if (i==100){
out.flush();
i=0;
}
i++;
server.close();
}catch(SocketTimeoutException s)
{
System.out.println("Socket timed out!");
break;
}catch(IOException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
break;
}
}
}
public static void main(String [] args)
{
int port = 1337;
try
{
Thread t = new SSocket(port);
t.start();
}catch(IOException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
the code for the client is
import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;
public class ClientSocket
{
public static void send(int correl, String transaccion, String fecha)
{
String serverName = "localhost";
int port = 1337;
try
{
Socket client = new Socket(serverName, port);
int i=0;
OutputStream outToServer = client.getOutputStream();
DataOutputStream out =
new DataOutputStream(outToServer);
out.writeInt(correl);
out.writeUTF(transaccion);
out.writeUTF(fecha);
InputStream inFromServer = client.getInputStream();
DataInputStream in =
new DataInputStream(inFromServer);
int corin=in.readInt();
if(corin>0){
Envio.updater(corin);
}
else {
}
if (i==100){
out.flush();
i=0;
}
i++;
client.close();
}catch(IOException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
i have done some reading on the mater and it seems that posible solutions are to use either a buffer or swich to a datagram. however my experience on working with sockets is rather limited and i am unsure which would be best to use for this situation or if there is another option i havent yet considered. this code will be moving many transactions and i wish to do it in as short time as posible.
thanks in advance
ps. sorry for my bad english it is not my first language

Datagrams imply UDP, which is an unreliable delivery protocol so you're not guaranteed to get all content. That's probably not what you want; I'd stay with plain Sockets (which use TCP, which has reliable delivery).
Will the same client be calling send() repeatedly and connecting to the same server each time? That is, will there be many messages going across a single connection, or will each message be to a different server, with only a single message (or only a few) going to each of the many servers? If there's just one server that a client is going to connect to and if a given client is going to send lots of messages, you should keep the Socket open between send() calls; setting up and tearing down Sockets is expensive, so you're paying a high price for making a new connection each time.
Also, your server appears to only be able to handle a single connection at a time: you accept a connection, read from it, and then close it and accept a new one. So to make this work for more than one client, you'll need to separate the logic for accepting connections onto a different thread from the logic that reads data. If you'll only have a few clients at a time, you can just start a new thread to read from each socket as you create it for a new client; if you'll have lots of clients (thousands), you'll probably need to look at NIO for its ability to service multiple sockets from a single thread. But I suspect you're a long way from having that problem, if you ever do, so I'd just spawn a new thread for each socket.

Related

Android Java TCP/IP server to service

I can not add TCP/IP Server to the service, when closing (minimizing) the application, the server does not accept data.
How to make the data transmitted continuously?
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
myServer = new Server();
myServer.start();
return Service.START_STICKY;
}
Server
private class Server extends Thread {
private Socket clientSocket;
private ServerSocket server;
private BufferedReader in;
private BufferedWriter out;
private String LOG_TAG;
#Override
public void run() {
while (true) {
try {
server = new ServerSocket(9002);
clientSocket = server.accept();
try {
try {
in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(clientSocket.getInputStream()));
out = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(clientSocket.getOutputStream()));
String word = in.readLine();
Log.d(LOG_TAG, "***" + word + "***");
out.write(word);
out.flush();
} finally {
System.out.println("run closed");
clientSocket.close();
in.close();
out.close();
}
} finally {
System.out.println("Server closed");
server.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
System.err.println(e);
}
}
}
}
So many problems with this code. Here's a list of them:
You'd need to be a foreground service, or Android will eventually kill your service.
You're making a server socket and accepting a single connection to it, then making another in a loop. That's not how you do it. You make the server socket once, and accept() for each incoming connection
As a consequence of the above, the second time will always fail, because the port won't be immediately available unless you use a socket with SO_REUSEADDR set. see the setReuseAddress call on ServerSocket
You're catching all exceptions blindly. I would highly suspect you're throwing an exception and ignoring it, causing it all to not work
This code won't work on any cellular network, as a NAT will be put between you and the world.
Even on wifi you need to make sure your network allows incoming connections to your device. The default on most home routers is not to.

app get stuck at serverSocket.accept() and gives bind exception address already in use on the second call for the thread

I have two problems with an app that i have built for socket communication, first I'll try to explain what the app does and then I'll go into the details of those two problems.
First I click on a button, which starts a thread, which sends a multicast massage "group address" through a UDP socket. Once any of the devices receive the massage, they will send a response through TCP socket and my device will act as a server to the one that sent the response. So after debugging I found out the first problem which is clientSocket = serverSocket.accept(); sometimes gets stuck and the app will block everything and keep executing it, which might happen because the udp massage might never arrive at the destination which means there is no client for the tcp server that I've created.
First question: Is there any way to make the serverSocket.accept(); non-blocking or set a time out? I've tried serverSocket.setTimeSoOut() method, but that didn't work. Maybe this problem comes from something other than the UDP message?
The second problem is that if I press the button that calls the thread twice it will throw a BindException address already in use: Which will happen because of the re execution of serverSocket.bind(new InetSocketAddress(4125));. Is there any way to fix/avoid that?
Here are the threads that I'm using:
This one is called after I press the button:
private class ChatClientThread extends Thread {
DatagramSocket socket;
String sentence;
String modifiedSentence;
BufferedReader inFromUser;
DataOutputStream outToServer;
BufferedReader inFromServer;
Socket clientSocket;
ServerSocket serverSocket;
#Override
public void run() {
/*Socket socket = null;
DataOutputStream dataOutputStream = null;
DataInputStream dataInputStream=null;*/
clientSocket=null;
try {
String data="NewTask_"+EmpPhoneNumber;
serverSocket=new ServerSocket();
serverSocket.setReuseAddress(true);
serverSocket.bind(new InetSocketAddress(4125));
socket = new DatagramSocket(52276);
socket.setBroadcast(true);
InetAddress group = InetAddress.getByName(
"224.0.1.2");
DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(data.getBytes(), data.length(),
group, 52276);
socket.send(packet);
while(true){
clientSocket = serverSocket.accept();
ConnectThread ct=new ConnectThread(clientSocket);
ct.start();
}
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
final String eString = e.toString();
TicketDetails.this.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
#Override
public void run() {
Toast.makeText(TicketDetails.this, eString, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
});
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
final String eString = e.toString();
TicketDetails.this.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
#Override
public void run() {
Toast.makeText(TicketDetails.this, eString, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
});
} finally {
TicketDetails.this.runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
#Override
public void run() {
}
});
}
}
}
this one is called from the above thread as you can see:
private class ConnectThread extends Thread {
Socket socket;
String sentence;
String modifiedSentence;
BufferedReader inFromUser;
DataOutputStream outToServer;
BufferedReader inFromServer;
ConnectThread(Socket socket){
this.socket= socket;
}
#Override
public void run() {
DataInputStream dataInputStream = null;
DataOutputStream dataOutputStream = null;
Socket socket2 = null;
DataOutputStream dataOutputStream2= null;
DataInputStream dataInputStream2=null;
try {
while(true){
inFromUser = new BufferedReader( new InputStreamReader(System.in));
outToServer = new DataOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
inFromServer = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
sentence = inFromUser.readLine();
modifiedSentence = inFromServer.readLine();
socket2 = new Socket(socket.getInetAddress().getHostAddress(), 4125);
dataOutputStream2 = new DataOutputStream(
socket2.getOutputStream());
String[] parts = modifiedSentence.split("_");
String partGive = parts[0].substring(4); // 004
String partEmpId = parts[1];
if(partGive.equals("GiveMeATask")&&Integer.parseInt(partEmpId)==empId){
dataOutputStream2.writeUTF(" "+"SolveProblemOrder_2");
dataOutputStream2.flush();
}
System.out.println("FROM SERVER: " + modifiedSentence);
if(modifiedSentence!=null) break;}
outToServer.close();
inFromServer.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (dataInputStream != null) {
try {
dataInputStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (dataOutputStream != null) {
try {
dataOutputStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}
Those are two very commmon problems. I'll answer the two in reverse order.
The button you are talking about is creating a ServerSocket and binding it to a specific port. In your case, the port is 4125. From looking at your code, you don't seem to be closing that serversocket anywhere. When you click the button a second time, a second instance of ServerSocket tries to bind to the same port - but that port is still in use by the first ServerSocket. In that case, you get a bind exception. One port cannot be used by more than one ServerSocket. The solution would be to close the existing ServerSocket before creating a new one using serverSocket.close();
If you read the documentation, it clearly states what ServerSocket.accept() does: "[...] The method blocks until a connection is made." This is the "getting stuck" that you described. The thread that executes that code is put into a waiting position and continues only when a connection is made, then returns that new connection. The classic approach is to start a new thread that waits for incoming connections so that your main thread continues to execute and your whole application does not "freeze". Another approach would be a non-blocking framework that encapsulates all that overhead away from you, one of those is Apache MINA.
I would highly suggest to look into small example projects that deal with basic client/server behaviour as you will most likely deal with threads here.
First problem: It is very likely that your application is not receiving the UDP packages. If serverSocket.accept() doesn't get any clients it'll wait indefinitely for someone to connect. You could avoid this by using yet another thread that just accepts connections to avoid freezing your application. Another way would be to use Java's NIO classes that provide non-blocking IO for pretty much anything. That would require you to use ServerSocketChannel and related classes. (Quick googling also gave me this guide which seems fairly easy to follow).
Second problem: You need to close your ServerSocket once you're done using it. Otherwise the port will never be free again to be used by another ServerSocket.
Alternatively you could just leave the Socket open and remember that you already openend it (e.g. with a boolean field in your class).

Threads & networking issue

Given the following code:
Client c1 = new Client();
c1.connect("127.0.0.1",1300);
Connect function:
public void connect(String serverName, int port)
{
try {
Socket socket = new Socket(serverName,port);
connection = new ConnectionProxy(socket);
connection.start();
}
catch(IOException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
(ConnectionProxy class extends Thread) :
public class ConnectionProxy extends Thread {
private Socket socket;
private InputStream is;
private OutputStream os;
private StringConsumer client;
public ConnectionProxy(Socket socket)
{
this.socket = socket;
try {
is = socket.getInputStream();
os = socket.getOutputStream();
}
catch(IOException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void run () {
DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(is);
DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(os);
while (socket != null)
{
try {
String msg = dis.readUTF();
System.out.println(msg);
}
catch(IOException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
I'm trying to implement a chat and I'm finding it difficult to send a message written by a client to all of the currently connected clients.
How could I do that? Should I hold the reference for each object (like c1) on the server side, or should I hold that ConnectionProxy thread on the server side?
If not, how do I implement that correctly and efficiently?
Would love to get some help!
Thanks!
Without being given much code, I'll outline what you'd want to do to achieve your goal.
On your server:
Keep an array or something similar of all connected client objects
Implement a send() function in your client class
Implement a broadcast() function that loops through the client list and sends each of them the message (using the aforementioned send() function
Make sure to keep track of (and remove) any dead/disconnected clients from your list, otherwise you'll run into trouble trying to send to them.
On your client:
Make sure you send a "connection terminated" message when you close/disconnect to tell the server you're leaving (makes it easier for the server to remove you)
The server should create a new client handler thread for each incoming connection.
For example, on the server side try something like:
ServerSocket server = new ServerSocket(port);
while (true) {
Socket client = server.accept();
//add incoming client to connected clients vector.
HandleClient c = new HandleClient(client);
clients.add(c);
}
After creating and storing clients in your vector of clients, you can the implement on the HandleClient class run() method a bufferReader (again not a must) to get your client text

Socket verification from ServerSocket Java

i'm trying create "multi-client -- single server" connection.
My client(s) opens connection and in the server side I've create
Client clt = new Client("127.0.0.1", 9000);
clt.openConn();
...
public Client(String serverAddress, int serverPort) {
this.serverAddress = serverAddress;
this.serverPort = serverPort;
}
try {
this.clientSocket = new Socket(this.serverAddress, this.serverPort);
this.clientSocket.setKeepAlive(true);
this.clientSocket.setSoTimeout(0);
oos = new DataOutputStream(this.clientSocket.getOutputStream());
ois = new DataInputStream(this.clientSocket.getInputStream());...}
...
on the server side i've created ListArray of ServerSocket's each onf them I wrapped on the Thread.
ServerSocket serverSocket = null ;
Socket clientSocket;
boolean listening = true;
ArrayList threadList = new ArrayList();
Iterator itSrvThr;
try {
serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port);
} catch (IOException e) {
System.err.println("Could not listen on port: " + port + ".");
System.exit(-1);
}
while (listening) {
clientSocket = serverSocket.accept();
ServerThread srvThread = new ServerThread(clientSocket);
srvThread.start();
`...`
}
where
ServerThread extends Thread
{...
public void run() {
this.ois = new DataInputStream(socket.getInputStream());
this.oos = new DataOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
}
}
my program send and receive objects(i've called them "Datagramm") which are some kind of wrappers for file and strings (let us say it is some language for client-server)
And now about problem which I have. I must to make verification every time when need to test for "alive" socket from server side...
i'm trying to make this verification when appears new element in the ArrayList in that moment but it brings me problem with "Datagramm's" sending
itSrvThr = threadList.iterator();
while (itSrvThr.hasNext()) {
ServerThread st = (ServerThread) itSrvThr.next();
boolean stoppedSocket = st.getStopped();
if (stoppedSocket) {
st.stop();
itSrvThr.remove();
}else {??? resolution???}
stoppedSocket - it's a value which significate programly turned off socket from client site.
Honestly, i'm working with sockets and threads only a couple weeks, that is why every help and critics will be acceptable.
...
Thank for answer but I have problems with codding of heartbeats. First of them where exactly the place of heartbeat must be placed on the server side.
I suggest you send a heartbeat message from the client and/or the server whenever you haven't sent a message for a while (seconds) The other end can timeout when you haven't recieved anything for some multiple of this time.
If you have a protocol like {message length} {message} I use a message-length=0 as a heartbeat.

Multiple non-simultaneous Java client-server connections using always the same port

I'm trying to test a scenario where one server accepts connections(one each time) from one client, using always the same ports (on the server and on the client side).
The purpose is to have 1 client application sending little pieces of data at a rate bigger than 100/min. The well obvious solution would be to have an always connected link between the client and the server, but this is production stuff, and that would require bigger changes in the code that is already implemented. With the solution we have implemented today, we always have +-1K of connections in TIME_WAIT, and I want to get rid of them.
I have implemented a simple tester, and the code is:
public class Server {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ServerSocket ssock = null;
try {
ssock = new ServerSocket();
ssock.bind(new InetSocketAddress(Common.SERVER_PORT));
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
System.exit(-1);
}
while(true){
try{
Socket cSock = ssock.accept();
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(cSock.getInputStream()));
reader.readLine();
PrintWriter writer = new PrintWriter(cSock.getOutputStream());
writer.println(Common.SERVER_SEND);
writer.flush();
reader.close();
writer.close();
cSock.close();
}catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println(e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage());
}
}
}
}
public class Client {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
InetSocketAddress cliAddr = new InetSocketAddress(
InetAddress.getByName(args[0]),
Common.CLIENT_PORT);
InetSocketAddress srvAddr = new InetSocketAddress(
InetAddress.getByName(args[1]),
Common.SERVER_PORT);
for(int j=1;j<=50;j++){
Socket sock = null;
try{
sock = new Socket();
sock.setReuseAddress(true);
sock.bind(cliAddr);
sock.connect(srvAddr);
PrintWriter writer =
new PrintWriter(
sock.getOutputStream());
writer.println(Common.CLIENT_SEND);
writer.flush();
BufferedReader reader =
new BufferedReader(
new InputStreamReader(
sock.getInputStream()));
reader.readLine();
}catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println(e.getClass().getName() + ": " + e.getMessage());
System.exit(-1);
}finally{
if(sock!=null) sock.close();
System.out.println("Done " + j);
}
}
}
}
public class Common {
public static final int SERVER_PORT = 9009;
public static final int CLIENT_PORT = 9010;
public static final String CLIENT_SEND = "Message";
public static final String SERVER_SEND = "OK";
}
When executing the client and server, on windows hosts, in one client execution I always get
java.net.ConnectException: Connection timed out
When executing the client and the server in linux hosts, on some client executions I get a
java.net.NoRouteToHostException: Cannot assign requested address
I've been killing my head over this behavior. Can someone please tell me if it is possible to do what I want, and what I am doing wrong?
If you want to get rid of the TIME_WAIT state, don't be the peer that receives the close. Be the peer that initiates the close. In this case, close the connection immediately after reading the response, and have the server cycle around looking for another request so that it reads the EOF rather than just closing the connection immediately after sending the response. However this will only make the problem worse, as all the TIME_WAIT states will accumulate at the server rather than at the client. On the other hand, the server is now structured to accept multiple requests per connection, so then all you have to do is adapt the clients to use a connection pool and all your problems are solved.

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