What is the most common and standardized way to create a ReST Java Web service ?
For now, I just use a Perl program to invoke my Java application but I think it's not the most efficient way.
Use JAX-RS for creating RESTful webservices as it is officially part of java EE 6 specification, previously JAX-RPC was used which has now been replaced by JAX-RS, wikipedia states:
JAX-RS: Java API for RESTful Web Services (JAX-RS) is a Java programming language API that provides support in creating web services according to the Representational State Transfer (REST) architectural pattern.[1] JAX-RS uses annotations, introduced in Java SE 5, to simplify the development and deployment of web service clients and endpoints.
From version 1.1 on, JAX-RS is an official part of Java EE 6
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Why is JAX-WS described as one of the frontends for Apache CXF?
http://cxf.apache.org/docs/frontends.html
I only understand JAX-WS to be an Java api for creating web services.
In this case, frontend is not a GUI frontend rather the frontend that exposes JAVA APIs as a web service (hence, frontend). As described in the link you mentioned, there are different "frontend"(s) or rather modes of exposing and/or consuming the webservices you develop. JAX-WS is for SOAP, JAX-RS for REST and JavaScript services/client.
we currently have a problem with supporting a legacy API offered via SOAP-RPC. The current service is exposed via a PHP extension and now we would like to offer it via Java. Switching to a Java implementation would mean a SOAP-WS service since we could not find a way to expose SOAP-RPC in Java.
The facts:
Our Java application runs as a servlet in Tomcat
document style "rpc" is not supported in Apache CXF, leads to arrays described differently
Apache CXF only supports JAX-B and not JAX-RPC.
Is there any way / tutorial to explain the writing of a SOAP-RPC service with current technology like Spring-WS or Apache CXF?
I really cant understand what really is jersey..
What I know is that Jax-RS is an API for building REST web services, and jersey?
I got some information and all say the same: "jersey is an implementation of Jax-RS". But what it means?
If jax-rs is an API, why we need jersey for create a rest web service? Is jersey a couple of more libs to aim with jax-rs? if yes, jax-rs is an incomplete API?
JAX-RS is an specification (just a definition) and Jersey is a JAX-RS implementation.
Straight from the jersey site
Jersey framework is more than the JAX-RS Reference Implementation.
Jersey provides its own API that extend the JAX-RS toolkit with
additional features and utilities to further simplify RESTful service
and client development. Jersey also exposes numerous extension SPIs so
that developers may extend Jersey to best suit their needs.
JAX-RS is an specification and Jersey is a JAX-RS implementation.- True
This can be understood relating it to OOPS principles JAX-RS is an Interface and Jersey is a class implementing that interface.
These Specification creates a STANDARD for developing and using the web services.
There are other JAX-RS implementations too like wink, RestEasy.
JAX-RS is a specification which specifies how can we implement the web services,that what would be input type, input format, output type, its format, its configuration etc.Its Just a type declaration and its implementation are these libraries, Jersey, wink RestEasy etc.
Further, Java also have specification like JPA(Java Persistence API) and like mentioned above there is Hibernate which is an implementation of JPA.
JAX-RS is an specification (just a definition) and Jersey is a JAX-RS implementation. Jersey framework is more than the JAX-RS Reference Implementation. Jersey provides its own API that extend the JAX-RS toolkit with additional features and utilities to further simplify RESTful service and client development.
Using JAX-RS alone can not implement REST, need to register Jersey as the servlet dispatcher for REST requests on web.xml
A standard and portable JAX-RS API has been designed. Jersey RESTful Web Services framework is open source, production quality, framework for developing RESTful Web Services in Java that provides support for JAX-RS APIs and serves as a JAX-RS (JSR 311 & JSR 339) Reference Implementation.
Jersey framework is more than the JAX-RS Reference Implementation. Jersey provides it’s own API that extend the JAX-RS toolkit with additional features and utilities to further simplify RESTful service and client development. Source
For more
Restlet and Jersey are two of the most popular implementation of JAX-RS used for developing RESTful web services in Java ecosystem but there are a couple of other implementation also exist e.g. Apache Wink, Apache CXF, and JBoss RESTEasy.
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I read somewhere in the internet that JAX-WS is a SOAP implementation and JAX-RS a Rest implementation. Is this true? Are JAX-WS and JAX-RS implementations or specifications?
Thanks in advance.
They are specifications that define APIs.
JSR 224: Java API for XML-Based Web Services (JAX-WS) 2.0 http://jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=224
JSR 311: JAX-RS: The JavaTM API for RESTful Web Services http://jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=311
The APIs (interfaces, classes, and exceptions) they define require implementations.
The reference implementation (RI) for JAX-WS is included in Java SE. The JAX-WS RI is created as part of the Metro project (http://metro.java.net/). Metro includes enhancements and features beyond what the JAX-WS RI supports. In the SOAP world there are optional features like WS-Security that a web service stack can support. Metro supports those while the JAX-WS RI does not.
Since the JAX-WS is included in Java SE, yes you can make JAX-WS (SOAP) web services without a server. This is because there is a very basic HTTP server included in Java SE. You use the Endpont class to publish a service. This is really meant more for testing than anything else. The real reason JAX-WS is included in Java SE is to make it easier to be a SOAP service client. To truly run a JAX-WS web service you need a server such as GlassFish, JBoss, or WebLogic. There is some ability to add a JAX-WS implementation to Tomcat but only a true Java EE Application Server includes a complete implementation out of the box.
The reference implementation (RI) for JAX-RS is named Jersey (http://jersey.java.net/). JAX-RS is not included in Java SE. You must download an implementation. Once you download it you could use it without a server but again, it is really meant more for use in a server. One reason you download Jersey is to get the Jersey Client API to write clients (which is not a part of the current JAX-RS specification). Like with a JAX-WS implementation, you can add Jersey to Tomcat or a full Java EE Application Server will include a JAX-RS implementation.
JAX-WS and JAX-RS are both libraries (APIs) for doing communication in various ways in Java.
As you mentioned, JAX-WS is a library that can be used to do SOAP communication in Java, and JAX-RS lets you do REST communication in Java.
JAX-WS is a set of Java interfaces, classes, and annotations introduced in JSR 224:
The JAX-RPC 2.0 specification extends the existing JAX-RPC 1.0 specification with new features, including some or all of the following: direct support for JAXB 2.0-based data binding, support for the latest W3C and WS-I standards (e.g. SOAP 1.2, WSDL 1.2), standardized metadata for Java<->WSDL mapping, ease-of-development features, support for easier evolution of Web services, an improved handler framework, support for asynchronous RPC and non-HTTP transports.
It's an API and requires a runtime implementation, provided by, for example, Apache Axis2.
JAX-RS is an API for RESTful client/server communications introduced in JSR 311:
This API will enable developers to rapidly build Web applications in Java that are characteristic of the best designed parts of the Web. This JSR will develop an API for providing REST(Representational State Transfer - See reference to Roy Fielding's dissertation in section 3.1) support in the Java Platform. Lightweight, RESTful approaches are emerging as a popular alternative to SOAP-based technologies for deployment of services on the internet. Currently, building RESTful Web services using the Java Platform is significantly more complex than building SOAP-based services and requires using low-level APIs like Servlets or the dynamic JAX-WS APIs. Correct implementation requires a high level of HTTP knowledge on the developer's part.
Again, it requires an implementation, provided by, for example, Jersey.
I am not much aware about the details as to which web servers support Web services written in Java.
Would Like to know the following three things:
1) What is required to have support for Web Services : Only Servlet Container or An Application Server + Web container?
2) Would like to know that do all Web Server supporting web development in Java support Web Services?
3) How to identify whether a particular server supports Web Services or not?
Thanking you in advance.
Your question is somewhat unclear. The term web service is applied to anything from a REST style API to SOAP based services to JSON based, etc etc. Wikipedia says an equivalent is a Web API, and an API can be pretty much anything.
So to answer your question. A servlet container is enough to support most common types of web services, it doesn't require an application server. Take a look at Apache CXF, which is a framework catering for a lot of web services styles (notably SOAP and REST).
Apache CXF is a rather large framework, and can take some time to get your head around. If you need something simpler, you may be better off looking at some object serialization frameworks and implement the servlets yourself (this is what I do mostly). To serialize to XML, use out-of-the box Java JAXB annotations. To serialize to JSON, use Jackson.
Assuming you're talking about SOAP WS-* web services via JAX-WS.
Java EE 5+ stipulates support for JAX-WS compatible web services within the container, both at the Web App level, and at the EJB level. So, any full boat, modern, App Server will have JAX-WS support built in.
Servlet 2.x and 3.0 do not have a requirement to support JAX-WS at the container level, but all of the major implementation of JAX-WS can be deployed within a WAR in a modern Servlet container (like Tomcat).
Java EE 6 offers a Web Profile, but the Web Profile does not include JAX-WS. Java EE 6 Full Profile includes both JAX-WS (SOAP, WS-* web services), and JAX-RS (for HTTP and more RESTful web services).
So.
If you bundle your own implementation, all of the containers should accommodate you. If you want it built it to the container, you'll need a full Java EE 5 or Java EE 6 App Server.