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Android onCreate of Activity class is not triggered

I am trying to write a plugin for Capacitor. It should pass the accelerometer data to the JavaScript. The bridge works fine.
However, the heading class does not seem to be initialized. The onCreate function does not seem to be executed, so do all the other functions. Nothing is logged to the console.
In AndroidManifest.xml I have requested the following feature:
<uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.sensor.accelerometer" android:required="true" />
The file looks like this:
package de.example.capmap;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.hardware.Sensor;
import android.hardware.SensorEvent;
import android.hardware.SensorEventListener;
import android.hardware.SensorManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import com.getcapacitor.BridgeActivity;
import de.example.Compass;
public class MainActivity extends BridgeActivity {
private Heading heading;
#Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
registerPlugin(Compass.class);
heading = new Heading();
}
}
class Heading extends Activity implements SensorEventListener {
private SensorManager sensorManager;
private Sensor mAccelerometer;
private static final String TAG = "Heading";
#Override
public final void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
Log.i(TAG, "onCreate: Initializing");
sensorManager = (SensorManager) getSystemService(Context.SENSOR_SERVICE);
mAccelerometer = sensorManager.getDefaultSensor(Sensor.TYPE_ACCELEROMETER);
sensorManager.registerListener(Heading.this, mAccelerometer, SensorManager.SENSOR_DELAY_NORMAL);
}
#Override
public void onSensorChanged(SensorEvent event){
Log.i(TAG, "onSensorChanged: " + event.values[0]);
}
#Override
public void onAccuracyChanged(Sensor sensor, int accuracy) {
Log.i(TAG, "onAccuracyChanged:" + accuracy);
}
#Override
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
sensorManager.registerListener(this, mAccelerometer, SensorManager.SENSOR_DELAY_NORMAL);
}
#Override
protected void onPause() {
super.onPause();
sensorManager.unregisterListener(this);
}
}
and the Compass Plugin, which gets executed:
import com.getcapacitor.JSObject;
import com.getcapacitor.Plugin;
import com.getcapacitor.PluginCall;
import com.getcapacitor.PluginHandle;
import com.getcapacitor.PluginMethod;
import com.getcapacitor.annotation.CapacitorPlugin;
import com.getcapacitor.Bridge;
#CapacitorPlugin(name = "Compass")
public class Compass extends Plugin {
public static Bridge staticBridge = null;
#Override
public void load() {
staticBridge = this.bridge;
java.lang.System.out.println("Compass successfully started");
}
public static void onMagneticHeading(float magneticHeading){
Compass pushPlugin = Compass.getCompassInstance();
if (pushPlugin != null) {
pushPlugin.sendMagneticHeading(magneticHeading);
}
}
#PluginMethod()
public void getMagneticHeading(PluginCall call) {
String value = call.getString("value");
JSObject ret = new JSObject();
ret.put("magneticHeading", value);
call.resolve(ret);
}
public void sendMagneticHeading(float magneticHeading) {
JSObject data = new JSObject();
data.put("magneticHeading", magneticHeading);
notifyListeners("heading", data, true);
}
public static Compass getCompassInstance() {
if (staticBridge != null && staticBridge.getWebView() != null) {
PluginHandle handle = staticBridge.getPlugin("Compass");
if (handle == null) {
return null;
}
return (Compass) handle.getInstance();
}
return null;
}
}

How come you're extending an Activity instead of just using a plain class? If it's because you want access to a Context, just pass one in through the constructor (you have one when you create the Heading).
If it's because you want the onPause and onResume lifecycle callbacks, so you know when to register/unregister with the SensorManager, there's a couple of things you could do.
First you can just create some methods the activity can call during onPause/onResume:
class Heading(Context context) {
...
public void sleep() {
sensorManager.unregisterListener(this);
}
public void wake() {
sensorManager.registerListener(this, mAccelerometer, SensorManager.SENSOR_DELAY_NORMAL);
}
}
class MainActivity extends BridgeActivity {
...
#Override
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
heading.wake();
}
#Override
protected void onPause() {
super.onPause();
heading.sleep();
}
}
The other approach is to make Heading implement DefaultLifecycleObserver, which basically lets you implement onResume and onPause etc like you're doing, and you make it observe the Activity's lifecycle, instead of the Activity having to manually call stuff to be like "hey onPause just happened". I'll just link the example page, but it basically covers what you're doing here (and the earlier, manual example too) as well as some more advanced stuff

Android wear OS retrieving stepcounter in background

I am trying to retrieve step counts from a smartwatch and push it to API. I was able to retrieve and push the data when I open the app. But once it is not activated, then it will not send any data. I am trying to use the android service to run the app in the background so that it will send the data continuously. I have given all the permissions and enabled them.
This is MainActivity.java
package com.example.stepcounter;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity{
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
}
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
}
protected void onPause() {
super.onPause();
}
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
}
public void onPressStartService(View v){
Intent intent = new Intent(this, MyService.class);
startService(intent);
}
public void onPressStopService(View v){
stopService(new Intent(getApplicationContext(), MyService.class));
}
}
And this is MyService.java
package com.example.stepcounter;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.hardware.Sensor;
import android.hardware.SensorEvent;
import android.hardware.SensorEventListener;
import android.hardware.SensorManager;
import android.widget.TextView;
import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
import com.android.volley.Request;
import com.android.volley.RequestQueue;
import com.android.volley.Response;
import com.android.volley.VolleyError;
import com.android.volley.toolbox.JsonObjectRequest;
import com.android.volley.toolbox.Volley;
import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;
public class MyService extends Service implements SensorEventListener {
private SensorManager mSensorManager;
private Sensor mSensor;
private String HelloData;
private TextView mTextView;
private boolean isSensorPresent;
#Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
mSensorManager = (SensorManager)this.getSystemService(Context.SENSOR_SERVICE);
if(mSensorManager.getDefaultSensor(Sensor.TYPE_HEART_RATE) != null) {
mSensor = mSensorManager.getDefaultSensor(69680);
isSensorPresent = true;
} else {
isSensorPresent = false;
}
mSensorManager.registerListener(this, mSensor, SensorManager.SENSOR_DELAY_NORMAL);
return START_STICKY;
}
#Nullable
#Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return null;
}
#Override
public void onSensorChanged(SensorEvent event) {
mTextView.setText("Heart Rate: " + String.valueOf(event.values[0]));
HelloData = (String) String.valueOf(event.values[0]);
if(!HelloData.contains("0.0")){
postDataUsingVolley(HelloData);
}
}
#Override
public void onAccuracyChanged(Sensor sensor, int i) {
}
private void postDataUsingVolley(String ranData) {
String url = "https://test.com";
RequestQueue queue = Volley.newRequestQueue(this);
JSONObject postData = new JSONObject();
try {
postData.put("data", ranData);
} catch (JSONException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
JsonObjectRequest jsonObjectRequest = new JsonObjectRequest(Request.Method.POST, url, postData, new Response.Listener<JSONObject>() {
#Override
public void onResponse(JSONObject response) {
System.out.println(response);
}
}, new Response.ErrorListener() {
#Override
public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) {
error.printStackTrace();
}
});
queue.add(jsonObjectRequest);
}
}
I have also added the following in AndroidManifest.xml
<service
android:name=".MyService"
android:enabled="true"
android:exported="true"></service>
It works for 30 seconds, send the data and once the watch goes inactive, it stops sending data. Any idea what is wrong with this?

You need to unregister your Sensor during onPause:
#Override
protected void onPause() {
super.onPause();
sensorManager.unregisterListener(this);
}
Also, if you unregister, you need to use your boolean activityRunning.

How can I track how many miles the user has walked?

I have made some java code in android studio to where it counts how many steps someone takes but I'm not sure how I can make it to where it counts how many miles the user walks. Here is the code.
If anyone can tell me how to do it that would be appreciated, Thanks.
package com.example.andyheggis.healthapp;
import android.content.Context;
import android.hardware.Sensor;
import android.hardware.SensorEvent;
import android.hardware.SensorEventListener;
import android.hardware.SensorManager;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements SensorEventListener {
TextView tv_steps;
SensorManager sensorManager;
boolean running = false;
#Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
tv_steps = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_steps);
sensorManager = (SensorManager) getSystemService(Context.SENSOR_SERVICE);
}
#Override
protected void onResume() {
super.onResume();
running = true;
Sensor countSensor = sensorManager.getDefaultSensor(Sensor.TYPE_STEP_COUNTER);
if(countSensor != null) {
sensorManager.registerListener(this, countSensor, SensorManager.SENSOR_DELAY_UI);
} else {
Toast.makeText(this, "Sensor not found!", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
}
#Override
protected void onPause() {
super.onPause();
running = false;
//if you unregister the hardware will stop detecting steps
//sensorManager.unregisterListener(this);
}
#Override
public void onSensorChanged(SensorEvent event) {
if(running) {
tv_steps.setText(String.valueOf(event.values[0]));
}
}
#Override
public void onAccuracyChanged(Sensor sensor, int accuracy) {
}
}

Error: View cannot be applied to Intent

I'm new to Android App Development and creating a simple service app. It has a button to start service and a button to stop service with their repective methods. Following is my code:
App3_main.java
package eg.app3;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
public class App3_main extends AppCompatActivity {
#Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_app3_main);
}
public void startservice(View view)
{
Intent intent = new Intent(this,MyService.class);
startservice(intent); //this is where I'm getting the error mentioned in the title
}
public void stopservice(View view)
{
Intent intent = new Intent(this,MyService.class);
stopservice(intent); //this is where I'm getting the error mentioned in the title
}
}
MyService.java
package eg.app3;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MyService extends Service {
public MyService() {
}
#Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
}
#Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
Toast.makeText(this,"Service Started",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
return START_STICKY;
}
#Override
public void onDestroy() {
Toast.makeText(this,"Service Stopped",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
#Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return null;
}
}
Please guide me where I'm wrong.

Replace:
startservice(intent);
with:
startService(intent);
Then, replace:
stopservice(intent);
with:
stopService(intent);
Like most programming languages, Java is case-sensitive.

starting an activity stops android service

i have an android service that plays music.i start in my main activity with this code:
Intent service = new Intent(MainMenu.this, musicservice.class);
MainMenu.this.startService(service);
and this is my service:
public class musicservice extends Service {
#Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent arg0) {
return null;
}
#Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
MediaPlayer mp;
mp = MediaPlayer.create(musicservice.this, R.raw.music);
mp.setOnCompletionListener(new OnCompletionListener() {
public void onCompletion(MediaPlayer mp) {
mp.release();
}
});
mp.start();
return Service.START_STICKY;
}
#Override
public void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
}
}
it stsrts work fine, but when i start another activity, my music goes off and seems my service destroys!! but dont want this, i want my service only stops when my application ends. music plays only when user works with app. even when app in in the background i want my music dont play! how i can implement this?

If you want your application to play music while your activity is on, try bind it.
it should look something like this:
Service:
package com.example.service;
import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.media.MediaPlayer;
import android.media.MediaPlayer.OnCompletionListener;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.IBinder;
import com.example.playmusic.R;
public class PlayMusicService extends Service {
private final IBinder binder = new LocalBinder();
private MediaPlayer player;
#Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return binder;
}
public class LocalBinder extends Binder {
public PlayMusicService getService() {
return PlayMusicService.this;
}
}
public void play() {
player = MediaPlayer.create(this, R.raw.music);
player.setOnCompletionListener(new OnCompletionListener() {
#Override
public void onCompletion(MediaPlayer mp) {
mp.release();
}
});
player.start();
}
public void pause() {
player.pause();
}
}
Activity:
package com.example.playmusic;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import com.example.service.PlayMusicService;
import com.example.service.PlayMusicService.LocalBinder;
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private PlayMusicService service;
#Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
}
#Override
protected void onPause() {
super.onPause();
service.pause();
}
#Override
protected void onStart() {
super.onStart();
if (service != null) {
service.play();
} else {
bindService();
}
}
private void bindService() {
bindService(new Intent(this, PlayMusicService.class), new ServiceConnection() {
#Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
service = null;
}
#Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder binder) {
LocalBinder localBinder = (LocalBinder) binder;
service = localBinder.getService();
service.play();
}
}, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
}
}

Service destroy when your activity destroy when you start service from activity.
Use AlarmManager to schedule the service repeatedly.