Query doesn't work when parameter's are provided - java

This Works just fine
conn = DatabaseConnection.getConnection();
stmt = conn.prepareStatement("SELECT * FROM Persons ORDER by firstName Desc");
rs = stmt.executeQuery();
But this one doesn't work
conn = DatabaseConnection.getConnection();
stmt = conn.prepareStatement("SELECT * FROM Persons ORDER by ? ?");
stmt.setString(1, "firstName");
stmt.setString(2, "Desc");
rs = stmt.executeQuery();
Not sure why this would not work. Both my parameters are variables and that's the reason I would want to set it explicitly.

Actually your query converted into something like in case of prepared statement:
SELECT * FROM Persons ORDER by 'firstname' 'Desc'
This behaviour provides protection against SQL injection.

Placeholders (?) in prepared statements are used for column replacement. You cannot set the 'DESC' attribute of ORDER BY using setString method.
From PreparedStatement setString javadocs:
* Sets the designated parameter to the given Java <code>String</code> value.
* The driver converts this
* to an SQL <code>VARCHAR</code> or <code>LONGVARCHAR</code> value
* (depending on the argument's
* size relative to the driver's limits on <code>VARCHAR</code> values)
* when it sends it to the database.
In case you want to take the ORDER as a parameter to your DAO method then simply use String replacement in the query. Maybe like this:
public myDAOMethod(String firstName, String order) {
String query = "SELECT * FROM Persons ORDER by ? " + order;
conn = DatabaseConnection.getConnection(query);
stmt = conn.prepareStatement();
stmt.setString(1, "firstName");
rs = stmt.executeQuery();
}

Related

Getting an error in createStatement

When I use the following code it runs perfectly.
PreparedStatement st = con.prepareStatement("select * from users where username=?");
st.setString(1, userId);
ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery();
But when I am using the following code, I get an error that userId (that I pass as parameter) is an invalid column name.
Statement st = con.createStatement();
ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery("select * from users where username="+userId);
Why statement method doesn't work and I have to use PreparedStatement?
User ID is a string (SQL calls this type CHAR or VARCHAR), it must be put in quotes if used in the SQL requests. Like this:
select * from users where username='12345'
PreparedStatement is much better solution because of the SQL injection. You CANNOT just write:
ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery("select * from users where username=\""+userId+"\"");
WRONG CODE - ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
because user ID can contains control characters like ['], ["] or [\]. It depends on the SQL server and sometimes are more sophisticated than it looks like. If using PreparedStatement, it is automatically managed by the JDBC driver.
First of all, is better to use the first one. But if you really want to use the second one, you need to put your value into quotes. Simple add the quotes to the value. But is good to create a function to it, if you are going to use it a loot. Like:
public String doubleQuoted(String value){
return "\"" + value + "\"";
}
or
public String singleQuoted(String value){
return "'" + value + "'";
}
and use
ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery("select * from users where username="+singleQuoted(userId));
You need to put strings into quotes:
Statement st = con.createStatement();
ResultSet rs = st.executeQuery("select * from users where username=\'"+userId+"\'");
\ is the escape character.
Note:
Your prepared statement is the preferred way of handling SQL queries. See #30thh answer as to why (SQL Injection attacks).

Replace query with hyphen by a substraction

I'm searching on the web for several times but did not found anything which could help me (in java).
In fact I need to search in a sql table some rows from some reference which contains an hyphen. The issue made is that the sql replace my reference by the result of a substraction. The type of the columns are string.
Statement stmt = con.createStatement();
String query = "SELECT * FROM WAREHOUSE WHERE REF LIKE('96-18')" ;
Statement statement = con.createStatement(ResultSet.TYPE_FORWARD_ONLY, ResultSet.CONCUR_READ_ONLY);
ResultSet rs = statement.executeQuery(query);
while (rs.next()) {
System.out.println(rs.getString("S_FAMILY"));
}
In this code, it replaces my reference by 78 and does not naturaly return the good result.
I've searched for an escape char but did not found.
Try sending the String as parameter on the query. Doing this requires to change the Statement into PreparedStatement:
String query = "SELECT * FROM WAREHOUSE WHERE REF LIKE(?)" ;
PreparedStatement pstatement = con.prepareStatement(query,
ResultSet.TYPE_FORWARD_ONLY,
ResultSet.CONCUR_READ_ONLY);
pstatement.setString(1, "96-18");
ResultSet rs = pstatement.executeQuery();
Note: you should send "96-18" as value of a String variable, do not hard code it.
You can try
SELECT * FROM WAREHOUSE WHERE REF LIKE('96\-18') ESCAPE '\'
Hope it helps

Passing parameters to a JDBC PreparedStatement

I'm trying to make my validation class for my program. I already establish the connection to the MySQL database and I already inserted rows into the table. The table consists of firstName, lastName and userID fields. Now I want to select a specific row on the database through my parameter of my constructor.
import java.sql.*;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.Connection;
public class Validation {
private PreparedStatement statement;
private Connection con;
private String x, y;
public Validation(String userID) {
try {
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
con = DriverManager.getConnection(
"jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test", "root", "");
statement = con.prepareStatement(
"SELECT * from employee WHERE userID = " + "''" + userID);
ResultSet rs = statement.executeQuery();
while (rs.next()) {
x = rs.getString(1);
System.out.print(x);
System.out.print(" ");
y = rs.getString(2);
System.out.println(y);
}
} catch (Exception ex) {
System.out.println(ex);
}
}
}
But it doesn't seem work.
You should use the setString() method to set the userID. This both ensures that the statement is formatted properly, and prevents SQL injection:
statement =con.prepareStatement("SELECT * from employee WHERE userID = ?");
statement.setString(1, userID);
There is a nice tutorial on how to use PreparedStatements properly in the Java Tutorials.
If you are using prepared statement, you should use it like this:
"SELECT * from employee WHERE userID = ?"
Then use:
statement.setString(1, userID);
? will be replaced in your query with the user ID passed into setString method.
Take a look here how to use PreparedStatement.
There is a problem in your query..
statement =con.prepareStatement("SELECT * from employee WHERE userID = "+"''"+userID);
ResultSet rs = statement.executeQuery();
You are using Prepare Statement.. So you need to set your parameter using statement.setInt() or statement.setString() depending upon what is the type of your userId
Replace it with: -
statement =con.prepareStatement("SELECT * from employee WHERE userID = :userId");
statement.setString(userId, userID);
ResultSet rs = statement.executeQuery();
Or, you can use ? in place of named value - :userId..
statement =con.prepareStatement("SELECT * from employee WHERE userID = ?");
statement.setString(1, userID);
Do something like this, which also prevents SQL injection attacks
statement = con.prepareStatement("SELECT * from employee WHERE userID = ?");
statement.setString(1, userID);
ResultSet rs = statement.executeQuery();
You can use '?' to set custom parameters in string using PreparedStatments.
statement =con.prepareStatement("SELECT * from employee WHERE userID = ?");
statement.setString(1, userID);
ResultSet rs = statement.executeQuery();
If you directly pass userID in query as you are doing then it may get attacked by SQL INJECTION Attack.

Java JDBC Query with variables?

String poster = "user";
Statement stmt = con.createStatement();
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM `prices` WHERE `poster`="+poster);
This does not work.Any tips or tricks would be appreciated.
Try surrounding the poster variable with single quotes, like this:
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM `prices` WHERE `poster`='"+poster+"'");
That's because SQL expects strings to be surrounded by single quotes. An even better alternative would be to use prepared statements:
PreparedStatement stmt = con.prepareStatement("SELECT * FROM `prices` WHERE `poster` = ?");
stmt.setString(1, poster);
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery();
It's recommended using PreparedStatement since the way you are currently building the query (by concatenating strings) makes it easy for an attacker to inject arbitrary SQL code in a query, a security threat known as a SQL injection.
1) In general, to "parameterize" your query (or update), you'd use JDBC "prepared statements":
http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/jdbc/basics/prepared.html
2) In your case, however, I think all you need to do is add quotes (and lose the back-quotes):
// This is fine: no back-quotes needed
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM prices");
// Since the value for "poster" is a string, you need to quote it:
String poster = "user";
Statement stmt = con.createStatement();
ResultSet rs =
stmt.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM prices WHERE poster='" + poster + "'");
The Statement interface only lets you execute a simple SQL statement with no parameters. You need to use a PreparedStatement instead.
PreparedStatement pstmt = con.prepareStatement("
select * from
prices where
poster = ?");
pstmt.setString(1, poster);
ResultSet results = ps.executeQuery();

How to get query plan information from Postgres into JDBC

I want to capture the cost numbers from the query plan you get when you 'Explain' a query. Is there any way to get at this data inside of a Java ResultSet(or similar object)?
Sure, just run it as a regular statement:
Statement stmt = connection.createStatement();
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("explain analyze select * from foo");
while (rs.next())
{
System.out.println(rs.getString(1));
}
In addition to the answer supplied above, I would suggest that you make use of the ability to format EXPLAIN plans as XML in PostgreSQL 9.0 and later.
EXPLAIN ( analyze on, format xml ) SELECT ...
This will give you explain output you can more easily work with in Java by manipulating it as XML.
An other example with PreparedStatement, this time.
Like this:
PreparedStatement preparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement("EXPLAIN (ANALYZE true , VERBOSE true , BUFFERS true)" +
"SELECT * FROM Table");
ResultSet resultSet = preparedStatement.executeQuery();
while (resultSet.next()) {
System.out.println(resultSet.getString(1));
}
Or with a bind parameter:
PreparedStatement preparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement("EXPLAIN (ANALYZE true , VERBOSE true , BUFFERS true)" +
"SELECT * FROM Player WHERE id = ?");
preparedStatement.setLong(1, 1);
ResultSet resultSet = preparedStatement.executeQuery();
while (resultSet.next()) {
System.out.println(resultSet.getString(1));
}

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