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Java not processing JUnit jar

I am unable to compile tests with JUnit. When I attempt to do so, I get this error:
package org.junit.jupiter.api does not exist
I get this error compiling the tests even if I put the .jar in the same directory and compile as follows:
javac -cp junit4-4.12.jar Tests.java
The contents of Test.java are:
import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
public class Tests {
... several tests ...
It's not clear to me what the issue is, and as far as I can tell, it should work with the .jar -- it's the one from /usr/share/java, where it was installed when I installed junit.

As #DwB has already mentioned you have wrong junit version.
Here is what is jupiter in JUnit: http://junit.org/junit5/docs/current/user-guide/#overview-what-is-junit-5
In simple words JUnit Jupiter API is a set of new classes which were written and introduced in junit 5 version only. And ur trying to use 4 version.
And also i want to clarify some points.
even if I put the .jar in the same directory and compile as follows
It does not matter actually is your file in the same directory or not. Its all about it's path. If you are setting jar only by name of jar file (as you did) then your path becomes relative to your current directory from where u execute javac command. You can just use absolute path and run this command from every directory you want.
https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/technotes/tools/windows/classpath.html (this one is for windows but for other os there are only minor changes in path writing)
If you get errors like package does not exist, classnotfound or anything similar then such kinds of errors almost always mean you have something wrong with your classpath or dependencies. In your case you simply had wrong version.
Now about finding necessary deps. In java world one of the main places for dependencies is maven central. Almost every opensource library can be found there and maven by default uses this repository to find and load dependencies (in your case these are jars) from there. Also you can use it to get necessary jars manually by simply using it's UI (https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.junit.jupiter/junit-jupiter-api/5.0.0). There is download jar button.
Now if you know package or class but do not know in what dependency (jar for simplicity) it is located. In this case you can use http://grepcode.com or other resources which allow to search within available source code withit different repositories. In most cases this work. With juniper i did not manage to find smth there but in other cases this may help) Or the most simple case is just google package and in most cases it also will help to define entry point.
Now about solving ur issue. It seems that you will need as api as implentation. You will definitely need this one https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.junit.jupiter/junit-jupiter-api/5.0.0 but it seems that you will need juniper-engine too. First try adding only API and then just go on adding necessary libraries according to errors. You can add multiple jars to cp (read provided class path guide from oracle).

Gradle + TestNG only runs certain tests as single tests

I've been using Gradle + TestNG + Java + Selenium for my web UI tests for quite a while now and I've only recently run in to this issue. For some reason when I try to run a single test class using -DtaskName.single=ExampleTestClass where ExampleTestClass would be ExampleTestClass.java it only works on some of my test classes.
I'm getting the error: Could not find a matching test for pattern: ExampleTestClass
I've seen this error in the past due to typos or missing #Test annotations etc, so I'm familiar with the "normal" cause, but this is quite bizarre as it appears to work on some test classes and not others. I've inspected the code and all annotations and groups are in place for the test methods, they run fine from my IDE (IntelliJ), and they are all located in the same directory / package path. Is there something I'm missing here? I don't know if I'm seeing things but I did notice that it didn't work with a test class that did not have Test as the last four characters of the Java class name but upon renaming it, still no dice. I've read the documentation and can't find anything wrong. Is there anything else that may be causing this to fail? It's quite odd since these tests are all so similar in every way. I even checked character encoding etc - no discrepancies between any of them.
Any advice or ideas on where to look next would be great.
Cheers,
Darwin

I ran into the exact same thing with gradle 1.6 (haven't had time to upgrade), and TestNG. A single test in a project with multiple tests get skipped and also gradle complains about not finding it if you try running the single test alone. Debug run shows the missing test .class file being found by gradle.
I worked around it by adding an #Test annotation to the test class in addition to the test method. That seems to make gradle find it.

I recently ran into a similar issue. I tried to run a test with -DTest.single and --tests but it wasn't found. After a bit of frustration I realized that the test was in a test group that was excluded in my test task configuration. I had incorrectly assumed that running with -Dtest.single would overrule exclusions, including that test's group allowed it to run as a single test.

Gradle test tasks with webcontext fails to use entities

I have an issue with some gradle task that should run tests. Since this is some legacy from ant tasks we do not want to include them into our test suite. Especially considering that those ant ones are in testng, and those made by us, and used on regular basis are made using spock and junit.
The problem is that those tests are using some context which works pretty well when I run those tests under eclipse IDE, but it fails if I try to do sth like:
task testNgTesting(type: Test, dependsOn: testClasses){
useTestNG()
includes = ["**/*IT*"]
}
But when I try to use that task I get errors like "org.hibernate.MappingException: Unknown entity:" or "java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: No query defined for that name"

Actually the problem is deeper. Gradle is trying to be smart and from whatever folder it has defined it puts classes files into classes folder, and all the other files into resources. When persistence.xml is loaded it scans for annotated entities starting with classpath root for folder it is present in (i.e. build/resources/main). Since all those classes are in build/classes/main it fails to find them. The workaround I've made is introduce two copy tasks. one named is copying persistence.xml into classes folder, and another is moving this file back to resources after the tests are finished. You might want to use something like
testNgTesting.finalizedBy(cleanAfterIntegrationTests) to make sure the cleanup occurs even if there are some tests that fails.

How to run Tests when developing javaagents?

I'm trying to fiddle with Foursquare's HeapAudit, and am attempting to set it up using IntelliJ IDEA. I have managed to get it to build just fine, using the dependencies from the pom.xml.
However, when I actually try to run the JUnit tests, basically all of them fail. I'm guessing this is because using HeapAudit requires the JVM to be started with it as a -javaagent, according to the github:
$ java -javaagent:heapaudit.jar MyTest
Presumably the tests would pass if I put this line in, and referenced the heapaudit.jar i downloaded/built earlier. However, it seems to me that if I make changes the the source, I'm gonna need to re-package this silly .jar file in order to see if it works.
Is there any way of running the tests with a -javaagent without going through the whole rigmarole of compile -> package-into-jar every testing cycle? Perhaps getting IntelliJ to attached the newly-compiled .class files as a -javaagent before running the tests?

1) Have a jar just with a META-INF/MANIFEST.MF
The manifest must be properly configured with Premain-Class and other attributes. The jar doesn't need any other files. Use this jar with the -javaagent. Provided that the agent classes are in the classpath, the agent will start normally.
This might fail when using maven-surefire-plugin with forkMode=never because by default the application classes are loaded in a child ClassLoader.
Works fine with Eclipse and Intellij.
If doing this, double check the manifest syntax (once I spent a long time to figure out that a package name was wrong).
2) Use ea-agent-loader
It will allow you to load the agent (any agent) in runtime (it uses VM.attach()). However the VM.attach() sometimes disrupts debugging and breakpoints might fail to trigger.
It will have the same issues with the surefire in forkMode=never
3) Load the agent in runtime.
Write your on code to load the agent in runtime. And call it from your #BeforeClass You will still need a jar (which you can generate in runtime if you want).
Just you need to call this (only once):
AgentLoader.loadAgentClass(YourAgentClass.class.getName());

Java: Resolve namespace conflict

We have a jar that we lost the source code to. I decompiled the jar and created new source from it. I want to then verify that the source code and the old jar have the same behavior. I am writing unit tests to do the verification the problem is that they both have same namespace / class name so I do not know how to disambiguate the old jar and the new source code. What can I do or is it impossible?

You need to only have one version on the class path at once to guarantee that you are running that version of the code. Develop your unit test separate from the code so you can drop in either version.

Give the new source a temporary namespace for testing purposes. Then instead of import, you can refer your new classes as:
com.yourfirm.test.packagename.TheClassName
the old ones can be simply imported and refered to as TheClassName. This way you can tell by looking at your test cases which is which.
Or simply run the tests with -cp oldpackage.jar and then -cp newpackage.jar.

It's possible, but you have to mess around with class loading. Instead of putting either of the jars on the classpath, you'll need to load them at runtime. Check out JCL for a library to allow you to do this. (Disclaimer: I have never used JCL.)
Basically, each test would have to load the class from the old JAR, grab the results of the method you're testing, then unload that JAR, load up the new one, run the same method against the new version, and compare the results.

I'd change which classes are being tested at runtime with the classpath. This approach would be less error-prone in terms of ensuring that you're running the same test code against both binaries. Otherwise you introduce more complexity around whether the tests are correct.

It sounds like you are trying to execute the tests against both jars at the same time. I don't know of a way to disambiguate the old/new jars if they are both in the classpath.
If your unit tests output results to stdout/stderr, you could run the tests against the original jar and save the results. Then run the tests against the new jar and save the results in a separate file. Then diff the files.
Another approach would be to refactor the new source code so that it has a unique namespace. You could then test against both jars at the same time, but it could be a lot of work to make existing programs use the new jar.

If you run your tests via ant (Junit-task), you can control the ant classpath seperately for both runs (once via jar, once via fileset of classes).