Below code is working fine on pre-Marshmallow devices but not in Marshmallow.
These are the permissions in Manifest
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
Here is the code
public void saveImageToSDCard(Bitmap bitmap) {
File myDir = new File(
Environment
.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES),
pref.getGalleryName());
myDir.mkdirs();
Random generator = new Random();
int n = 10000;
n = generator.nextInt(n);
String fname = "Wallpaper-" + n + ".jpg";
File file = new File(myDir, fname);
if (file.exists())
file.delete();
try {
FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(file);
bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 90, out);
out.flush();
out.close();
Uri uri = getImageContentUri(_context,file);
Log.d(TAG, "Wallpaper saved to: " + file.getAbsolutePath());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
And the same code works when I manually allow the storage permission
Here is the solution given by Nitesh Pareek.
private boolean hasPermissions(Context context, String[] permissions) {
if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M && context != null && permissions != null) {
for (String permission : permissions) {
if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, permission) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
return false;
}
}
}
return true;
}
String[] PERMISSIONS = new String[]{ Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE};
if (!hasPermissions(this, PERMISSIONS)) {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, PERMISSIONS, 11);
return;
}
Beginning in Android 6.0 (API level 23), users grant permissions to apps while the app is running, not when they install the app.
This is why it works in pre-lolipop versions, and doesn't on API 23. Permissions in Android Manifest alone are not enough, you need to add them at runtime as well. Refer here for more details.
give read write permissions on run time for marshmallow or newer version.
Do like below:-
String[] PERMISSIONS = new String[]{ Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE};
if (!hasPermissions(this, PERMISSIONS)) {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, PERMISSIONS, 11);
return;
}
private boolean hasPermissions(Context context, String... permissions) {
if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M && context != null && permissions != null) {
for (String permission : permissions) {
if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, permission) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
return false;
}
}
}
return true;
}
You need to take application permissions at runtime instead of taking when install/update as convention
Beginning in Android 6.0 (API level 23), users grant permissions to
apps while the app is running, not when they install the app. This
approach streamlines the app install process, since the user does not
need to grant permissions when they install or update the app
For more help: Requesting Permissions at Run Time
By focusing on the documentation and after doing some google searches, finally I have compiled the code below to handle runtime permissions efficiently
To make it work, you need to follow the instructions below:
Call this method to check if storage permission is granted by user?
If not, then you need to request for it
public static boolean isStoragePermissionGranted(Activity activity) {
boolean flag = false;
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
flag = activity.checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
}
return flag;
}
Call this method to request storage permission
public static void requestStoragePermission(Activity activity) {
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
if (isStoragePermissionGranted(activity)) {
return;
}
// Fire off an async request to actually get the permission
// This will show the standard permission request dialog UI
activity.requestPermissions(new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE},
REQUEST_CODE_STORAGE_PERMISSION);
}
}
Implement this method in your activity to handle response of permission callback
#Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, #NonNull String[] permissions, #NonNull int[] grantResults) {
super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
switch (requestCode) {
case REQUEST_CODE_STORAGE_PERMISSION:
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
if (grantResults.length > 0) {
if (grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED) {
boolean shouldShowRationale = shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(permissions[0]);
if (!shouldShowRationale) {
// user denied flagging NEVER ASK AGAIN, you can either enable some fall back,
// disable features of your app or open another dialog explaining again the permission and directing to
// the app setting
dialogReasonStoragePermissionToSettings(this);
} else if (Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE.equals(permissions[0])) {
// user denied WITHOUT never ask again, this is a good place to explain the user
// why you need the permission and ask if he want to accept it (the rationale)
dialogReasonStoragePermission(this);
}
} /*else {
// Do on permission granted work here
}*/
}
}
break;
}
}
public static void dialogReasonStoragePermission(final Activity activity) {
AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(activity);
builder.setMessage(activity.getString(R.string.reason_storage_permission));
builder.setCancelable(false);
builder.setPositiveButton("Retry", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int id) {
requestStoragePermission(activity);
}
});
builder.setNegativeButton("Dismiss", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int id) {
dialog.dismiss();
}
});
AlertDialog dialog = builder.create();
dialog.show();
}
public static void dialogReasonStoragePermissionToSettings(final Activity activity) {
AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(activity);
builder.setMessage(activity.getString(R.string.reason_storage_permission));
builder.setCancelable(false);
builder.setPositiveButton("Go to Settings", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int id) {
goToAppDetailsForPermissionSettings(activity);
}
});
builder.setNegativeButton("Dismiss", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int id) {
dialog.dismiss();
}
});
AlertDialog dialog = builder.create();
dialog.show();
}
private static final int REQUEST_CODE_APP_DETAILS_PERMISSION_SETTING = 3995;
private static void goToAppDetailsForPermissionSettings(Activity activity) {
Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS);
Uri uri = Uri.fromParts("package", activity.getPackageName(), null);
intent.setData(uri);
activity.startActivityForResult(intent, REQUEST_CODE_APP_DETAILS_PERMISSION_SETTING);
}
I am not providing you direct code for this but here is a reason API level 23 introduce a new Permission structure for more security below is a short but wast description of thing, in documentation here
Beginning in Android 6.0 (API level 23), users grant permissions to apps while the app is running, not when they install the app. This approach streamlines the app install process, since the user does not need to grant permissions when they install or update the app. It also gives the user more control over the app's functionality; for example, a user could choose to give a camera app access to the camera but not to the device location. The user can revoke the permissions at any time, by going to the app's Settings screen.
Code is good just you have to put something additional and that is Runtime Permissions for storage.
Read this blog to know everything from deep inside about Runtime Permissions gave me a clear picture about it, hope it helps you too.
Thanks
Related
In phone settings permissions are granted. Phone with Android 8.0.
compileSdkVersion 28
minSdkVersion 16
targetSdkVersion 28
Manifest has:
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
In my code this "permissions" variable equals -1 always:
int permissions = ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(getContext(), Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE);
Starting with Android 6 (API 23) you must also request this permission at runtime. This video may help: https://youtu.be/WGz-alwVh8A
Ok, thanks to Larry Schiefer for runtime permissions.
Considering to android docs:
link 1
link 2
I made some changes to the method from link 2. Before doing something it checks permissions and if necessary asks user for confirmation, in other case it sets permissions forcibly.
public void requestRuntimePermission(final Context context, final String manifestPermission, final int requestCode) {
int permissions = ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(context, manifestPermission);
if (permissions != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale((Activity) context,
manifestPermission)) {
android.support.v7.app.AlertDialog.Builder builder = new android.support.v7.app.AlertDialog.Builder(context);
builder.setMessage("Allow access?")
.setCancelable(true)
//Cancel
.setNegativeButton("Yes", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int id) {
}
})
//Ok
.setPositiveButton("No", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int id) {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions((Activity) context,
new String[]{manifestPermission},
requestCode);
}
});
android.support.v7.app.AlertDialog alert = builder.create();
alert.show();
} else {
// Permission has not been granted yet. Request it directly.
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions((Activity) context, new String[]{manifestPermission},
requestCode);
}
}
}
Example of usage:
requestRuntimePermission(getContext(), Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, 0);
P.S. requestCode parameter in requestRuntimePermission can be used to identify which of permission allowed in onRequestPermissionsResult callback. (link 3)
I am coding an Android app (in Java) which uses OCR to convert handwriting into digital text. I am trying to take the String generated by the OCR function in my code and write it to a text file (the OCR portion is currently working). I would then like to create a folder (in phone's external storage, for example My Files on Samsung) and add the text file to this folder, which contains only the files the user has created (which the user should be able to access and share).
I have conducted some research on writing to phone's external storage (including other StackOverflow questions) but no tutorial has worked for me.
/* Checks if external storage is available for read and write */
public boolean isExternalStorageWritable() {
String state = Environment.getExternalStorageState();
if (Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(state)) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
public File writeFolder ()
{
File file = null;
if (isExternalStorageWritable())
{
// Get the directory for the user's public directory.
file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + File.separator + "OCR Documents");
}
if (!file.mkdirs())
Log.e(LOG_TAG, "Directory not created");
else
System.out.println(file.getAbsolutePath());
return file;
}
The code above is what I have, however after testing it, the AbsolutePath is null. It does not seem to be creating a folder on the phone's external storage. How would I go about this so that a folder is created and I can add files to that folder?
Your code to create the directory is fine.
But there's a chance you're missing permissions due to newer versions of Android requiring a User's consent before you can write files to the external storage.
First, make sure you have this permission in your Manifest.xml:
<manifest ...>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
...
</manifest>
Afterwards, since WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE is listed as a Dangerous Permission, as seen here: https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/permissions/overview#normal-dangerous , you'll also need to explicitly request the permission from the user.
Finally, to request the permission:
// Here, thisActivity is the current activity
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(thisActivity,
Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS)
!= PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
// Permission is not granted
// Should we show an explanation?
if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(thisActivity,
Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS)) {
// Show an explanation to the user *asynchronously* -- don't block
// this thread waiting for the user's response! After the user
// sees the explanation, try again to request the permission.
} else {
// No explanation needed; request the permission
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(thisActivity,
new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS},
MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_READ_CONTACTS);
// MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_READ_CONTACTS is an
// app-defined int constant. The callback method gets the
// result of the request.
}
} else {
// Permission has already been granted
}
You'll also need to handle the response of the request:
#Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode,
String permissions[], int[] grantResults) {
switch (requestCode) {
case MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_READ_CONTACTS: {
// If request is cancelled, the result arrays are empty.
if (grantResults.length > 0
&& grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
// permission was granted, yay! Do the
// contacts-related task you need to do.
} else {
// permission denied, boo! Disable the
// functionality that depends on this permission.
}
return;
}
// other 'case' lines to check for other
// permissions this app might request.
}
}
The above code was copied from: https://developer.android.com/training/permissions/requesting
You should read that link more thoroughly since it provides a good explanation of what you need to explain to the user, since users are typically very wary when Apps ask for permissions to modify files in their storage.
You can try this,
private void getWirtePermissionAndCreateDir() {
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 23) {
createDir();
} else {
final String[] PERMISSIONS_STORAGE = {Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE};
//Asking request Permissions
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(MainActivity.this, PERMISSIONS_STORAGE, 9);
}
}
#Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {
boolean writeAccepted = false;
switch (requestCode) {
case 9:
writeAccepted = grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
break;
}
if (writeAccepted) {
createDir();
} else {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "You don't assign permission.", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
}
private void createDir(){
File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + File.separator + "OCR Documents");
file.mkdirs();
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, file.getAbsolutePath(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
You have to add getWirtePermissionAndCreateDir() instead of writeFolder() in activity body.
Below function will create folder and then create file in that folder and if folder already exists then simply create file.
private FileOutputStream fos;
//Function: create a file in a folder
private boolean createFileInFolder(String fileName, String folderName) {
if (isExternalStorageWritable()) {
String path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + "/" + folderName;
File folder = new File(path);
if (!folder.exists()) {
folder.mkdirs();
}
txtFile = new File(path, fileName);
try {
fos = new FileOutputStream(txtFile);
return true;
} catch (IOException e) {
Toast.makeText(this, e.toString(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return false;
}
} else
return false;
}
//Function: IsExternalStorageWritable?
public boolean isExternalStorageWritable() {
String state = Environment.getExternalStorageState();
if (Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(state)) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
You may need to check permissions so also define these functions.
private boolean permission;
private final int MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST = 10;
//Function: checkPermission
private void checkPermission() {
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,
Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)
!= PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
// No explanation needed, we can request the permission.
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,
new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE},
MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST);
} else {
permission = true;
}
}
//Function: Permission Request Results
#Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String permissions[], int[] grantResults) {
switch (requestCode) {
case MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST: {
// If request is cancelled, the result arrays are empty.
if (grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
permission = true;
} else {
permission = false;
}
return;
}
}
}
In your manifest file don't forget to add this line.
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
I am trying to delete some files on the SD card , but i ran out of ideas..
I tried File.delete() method, then I have tried file.getCanonicalFile().delete()
and many more ..
My application can just delete files on the device storage .
I have got the permissions defined in the Manifest file that is required like below.
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
and I am requesting for permission in the code also:
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
.setTitle(R.string.read_storage_message)
.setPositiveButton(R.string.ok,
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int whichButton) {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(activity,
new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, MainActivity.READ_STORAGE_PERMISSION_ID);
}
}
)
.setNegativeButton(R.string.cancel,
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int whichButton) {
AppKiller.kill();
}
}
).show();
}
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
.setTitle(R.string.write_storage_message)
.setPositiveButton(R.string.ok,
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int whichButton) {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(activity,
new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, MainActivity.STORAGE_PERMISSION_ID);
}
}
)
.setNegativeButton(R.string.cancel,
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int whichButton) {
AppKiller.kill();
}
}
).show();
}
}
I am using the following method to delete the files, but as i mentioned before, I've used plenty of solutions found in Stack-overflow and others.
protected boolean delete(Context context) throws Exception {
boolean delete = false;
File file = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getPath() + getName());
if (file.exists()) {
delete = file.delete();
if (!delete) {
delete = file.getCanonicalFile().delete();
}
if (!delete) {
String deleteCmd = "rm -r " + file.getAbsolutePath();
Runtime runtime = Runtime.getRuntime();
runtime.exec(deleteCmd);
}
}
return delete;
}
could it be because i am asking for READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE and WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permissions, but in code i am just getting READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE granted and the other is getting ignored from Android(it won't show permission WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE popup with allow-deny options after I accept the first one) . Isn't it because they have the same permission's level in android ?
what could be wrong ?
If you want to delete file from SD Card you can use following code:
File file = new File("/sdcard/myfile.txt");
boolean deleted = file.delete();
Yes you cannot delete files from SD card on modern Android versions anymore using the File class.
Use the Storage Access Framework instead.
Have a look at Intent.OPEN_DOCUMENT_FILE and OPEN_DOCUMENT_TREE.
If you want to delete file from SD Card you can use following code:
File file = new File(selectedFilePath);
boolean deleted = file.delete();
where selectedFilePath is the path of the file you want to delete.
for example: selectedFilePath =
/sdcard/YourDirectory/TestFile.mp3
also you have to give permission if you are using >1.6 SDK
uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"
in AndroidManifest.xml file
Hope this may help you
I have this app that will pick image to gallery and display it to the test using Imageview. My problem is it won't work on Android M. I can pick image but won't show on my test.They say i need to ask permission to access images on android M but don't know how. please help.
Beginning in Android 6.0 (API level 23), users grant permissions to apps while the app is running, not when they install the app.
Type 1- When your app requests permissions, the system presents a dialog box to the user. When the user responds, the system invokes your app's onRequestPermissionsResult() method, passing it the user response. Your app has to override that method to find out whether the permission was granted. The callback is passed the same request code you passed to requestPermissions().
private static final int PICK_FROM_GALLERY = 1;
ChoosePhoto.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener()
{
#Override
public void onClick (View v){
try {
if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(EditProfileActivity.this, Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(EditProfileActivity.this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, PICK_FROM_GALLERY);
} else {
Intent galleryIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK, android.provider.MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI);
startActivityForResult(galleryIntent, PICK_FROM_GALLERY);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
});
#Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, #NonNull String permissions[], #NonNull int[] grantResults)
{
switch (requestCode) {
case PICK_FROM_GALLERY:
// If request is cancelled, the result arrays are empty.
if (grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
Intent galleryIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK, android.provider.MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI);
startActivityForResult(galleryIntent, PICK_FROM_GALLERY);
} else {
//do something like displaying a message that he didn`t allow the app to access gallery and you wont be able to let him select from gallery
}
break;
}
}
Type 2- If you want to give runtime permission back to back in one place then you can follow below link
Android 6.0 multiple permissions
And in Manifest add permission for your requirements
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
<uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera" />
<uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera.autofocus" />
Note- If Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE produce error then please replace this with android.Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE.
==> If you want to know more about runtime permission then please follow below link
https://developer.android.com/training/permissions/requesting.html
-----------------------------UPDATE 1--------------------------------
Runtime Permission Using EasyPermissions
EasyPermissions is a wrapper library to simplify basic system permissions logic when targeting Android M or higher.
Installation
Add dependency in App level gradle
dependencies {
// For developers using AndroidX in their applications
implementation 'pub.devrel:easypermissions:3.0.0'
// For developers using the Android Support Library
implementation 'pub.devrel:easypermissions:2.0.1'
}
Your Activity (or Fragment) override the onRequestPermissionsResult method:
#Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[]
permissions, int[] grantResults) {
super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions,grantResults);
// Forward results to EasyPermissions
EasyPermissions.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults, this);
}
Request Permissions
private static final int LOCATION_REQUEST = 222;
Call this method
#AfterPermissionGranted(LOCATION_REQUEST)
private void checkLocationRequest() {
String[] perms = {Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION};
if (EasyPermissions.hasPermissions(this, perms)) {
// Already have permission, do the thing
// ...
} else {
// Do not have permissions, request them now
EasyPermissions.requestPermissions(this,"Please grant permission",
LOCATION_REQUEST, perms);
}
}
Optionally, for a finer control, you can have your Activity / Fragment implement the PermissionCallbacks interface.
implements EasyPermissions.PermissionCallbacks
#Override
public void onPermissionsGranted(int requestCode, List<String> list) {
// Some permissions have been granted
// ...
}
#Override
public void onPermissionsDenied(int requestCode, List<String> list) {
// Some permissions have been denied
// ...
}
Link -> https://github.com/googlesamples/easypermissions
-----------------------------UPDATE 2 For KOTLIN--------------------------------
Runtime Permission Using florent37
Installation Add dependency in App level gradle
dependency
implementation 'com.github.florent37:runtime-permission-kotlin:1.1.2'
In Code
askPermission(
Manifest.permission.CAMERA,
Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
) {
// camera or gallery or TODO
}.onDeclined { e ->
if (e.hasDenied()) {
AlertDialog.Builder(this)
.setMessage(getString(R.string.grant_permission))
.setPositiveButton(getString(R.string.yes)) { dialog, which ->
e.askAgain()
} //ask again
.setNegativeButton(getString(R.string.no)) { dialog, which ->
dialog.dismiss()
}
.show()
}
if (e.hasForeverDenied()) {
e.goToSettings()
}
}
Link-> https://github.com/florent37/RuntimePermission
public void pickFile() {
int permissionCheck = ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(getActivity(),
CAMERA);
if (permissionCheck != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(
getActivity(),
new String[]{CAMERA},
PERMISSION_CODE
);
return;
}
openCamera();
}
#Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, #NonNull String permissions[],
#NonNull int[] grantResults) {
if (requestCode == PERMISSION_CODE) {
if (grantResults.length > 0
&& grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
openCamera();
}
}
}
private void openCamera() {
Intent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
startActivityForResult(intent, CAMERA_CODE);
}
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
Android Developer Documentation gives this example of requesting permissions at runtime:
// Here, thisActivity is the current activity
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(thisActivity,
Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS)
!= PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
// Should we show an explanation?
if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(thisActivity,
Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS)) {
// Show an expanation to the user *asynchronously* -- don't block
// this thread waiting for the user's response! After the user
// sees the explanation, try again to request the permission.
} else {
// No explanation needed, we can request the permission.
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(thisActivity,
new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS},
MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_READ_CONTACTS);
// MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_READ_CONTACTS is an
// app-defined int constant. The callback method gets the
// result of the request.
}
}
What is "MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_READ_CONTACTS" in this example? It says it's an app-defined int constant, but does that mean I should make a Constants.java and declare a public static int? What should the value be?
In other examples I see people use 1 here, or 0 or 0xFFEEDDCC, but I can't find an explanation of what it is. Can someone explain to me what needs to go here and why? (In my case, I need to make sure the app has permission to access fine location)
The ActivityCompat documentation says "Application specific request code to match with a result reported to onRequestPermissionsResult"? This does not help me.
What is "MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_READ_CONTACTS" in this example?
It is an int, to tie a particular requestPermissions() call to the corresponding onRequestPermissionsResult() callback.
Under the covers, requestPermissions() uses startActivityForResult(); this int serves the same role as it does in startActivityForResult().
does that mean I should make a Constants.java and declare a public static int?
I would just make it a private static final int in the activity. But, you can declare it wherever you want.
What should the value be?
I seem to recall that it needs to be below 0x8000000, but otherwise it can be whatever you want. The value that you use for each requestPermissions() call in an activity should get a distinct int, but the actual numbers do not matter.
If your activity has only one requestPermissions() call, then the int value really does not matter. But many apps will have several requestPermissions() calls in an activity. In that case, the developer may need to know, in onRequestPermissionsResult(), what request this is the result for.
Look just a little further down in the documentation under "Handle the permissions request response" and you will see its purpose.
A callback method called onRequestPermissionsResult gets sent back the same code as a parameter so you know which permission was being requested/granted:
#Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode,
String permissions[], int[] grantResults) {
switch (requestCode) {
case MY_PERMISSIONS_REQUEST_READ_CONTACTS: {
// If request is cancelled, the result arrays are empty.
if (grantResults.length > 0
&& grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
// permission was granted, yay! Do the
// contacts-related task you need to do.
} else {
// permission denied, boo! Disable the
// functionality that depends on this permission.
}
return;
}
// other 'case' lines to check for other
// permissions this app might request
}
}
Since the constant is used by you only you can give it whatever value you like as a public static final int. Each permission being requested needs its own constant.
I went through all answers, but doesn't satisfied my exact needed answer, so here is an example that I wrote and perfectly works, even user clicks the Don't ask again checkbox.
Create a method that will be called when you want to ask for runtime permission like readContacts() or you can also have openCamera() as shown below:
private void readContacts() {
if (!askContactsPermission()) {
return;
} else {
queryContacts();
} }
Now we need to make askContactsPermission(), you can also name it as askCameraPermission() or whatever permission you are going to ask.
private boolean askContactsPermission() {
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {
return true;
}
if (checkSelfPermission(READ_CONTACTS) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
return true;
}
if (shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(READ_CONTACTS)) {
Snackbar.make(parentLayout, R.string.permission_rationale, Snackbar.LENGTH_INDEFINITE)
.setAction(android.R.string.ok, new View.OnClickListener() {
#Override
#TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.M)
public void onClick(View v) {
requestPermissions(new String[]{READ_CONTACTS}, REQUEST_READ_CONTACTS);
}
}).show();
} else if (contactPermissionNotGiven) {
openPermissionSettingDialog();
} else {
requestPermissions(new String[]{READ_CONTACTS}, REQUEST_READ_CONTACTS);
contactPermissionNotGiven = true;
}
return false;
}
Before writing this function make sure you have defined the below instance variable as shown:
private View parentLayout;
private boolean contactPermissionNotGiven;;
/**
* Id to identity READ_CONTACTS permission request.
*/
private static final int REQUEST_READ_CONTACTS = 0;
Now final step to override the onRequestPermissionsResult method as shown below:
/**
* Callback received when a permissions request has been completed.
*/
#RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.M)
#Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, #NonNull String[] permissions,
#NonNull int[] grantResults) {
if (requestCode == REQUEST_READ_CONTACTS) {
if (grantResults.length == 1 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
queryContacts();
}
}
}
Here we are done with the RunTime permissions, the addon is the openPermissionSettingDialog() which simply open the Setting screen if user have permanently disable the permission by clicking Don't ask again checkbox. below is the method:
private void openPermissionSettingDialog() {
String message = getString(R.string.message_permission_disabled);
AlertDialog alertDialog =
new AlertDialog.Builder(MainActivity.this, AlertDialog.THEME_DEVICE_DEFAULT_LIGHT)
.setMessage(message)
.setPositiveButton(getString(android.R.string.ok),
new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
#Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setAction(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS);
Uri uri = Uri.fromParts("package", getPackageName(), null);
intent.setData(uri);
startActivity(intent);
dialog.cancel();
}
}).show();
alertDialog.setCanceledOnTouchOutside(true);
}
What we missed ?
1. Defining the used strings in strings.xml
<string name="permission_rationale">"Contacts permissions are needed to display Contacts."</string>
<string name="message_permission_disabled">You have disabled the permissions permanently,
To enable the permissions please go to Settings -> Permissions and enable the required Permissions,
pressing OK you will be navigated to Settings screen</string>
Initializing the parentLayout variable inside onCreate method
parentLayout = findViewById(R.id.content);
Defining the required permission in AndroidManifest.xml
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS" />
The queryContacts method, based on your need or the runtime permission you can call your method before which the permission was needed. in my case I simply use the loader to fetch the contact as shown below:
private void queryContacts() {
getLoaderManager().initLoader(0, null, this);}
This works great happy coding :)
public class SplashActivity extends RuntimePermissionsActivity {
#Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_splash);
SplashActivity.super.requestAppPermissions(new
String[]{android.Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE,
Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE}, R.string.app_name
, 20);
}
#Override
public void onPermissionsGranted(int requestCode) {
try {
TelephonyManager tele = (TelephonyManager) getApplicationContext()
.getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
String imei =tele.getDeviceId()
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public abstract class RuntimePermissionsActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private SparseIntArray mErrorString;
#Override
protected void onCreate(#Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
mErrorString = new SparseIntArray();
}
#Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {
super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
int permissionCheck = PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
for (int permission : grantResults) {
permissionCheck = permissionCheck + permission;
}
if ((grantResults.length > 0) && permissionCheck == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
onPermissionsGranted(requestCode);
} else {
finish();
}
}
public void requestAppPermissions(final String[] requestedPermissions,
final int stringId, final int requestCode) {
mErrorString.put(requestCode, stringId);
int permissionCheck = PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
boolean shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale = false;
for (String permission : requestedPermissions) {
permissionCheck = permissionCheck + ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, permission);
shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale = shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale || ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, permission);
}
if (permissionCheck != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
if (shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale) {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(RuntimePermissionsActivity.this, requestedPermissions, requestCode);
/*Snackbar.make(findViewById(android.R.id.content), stringId,
Snackbar.LENGTH_INDEFINITE).setAction("GRANT",
new View.OnClickListener() {
#Override
public void onClick(View v) {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(RuntimePermissionsActivity.this, requestedPermissions, requestCode);
}
}).show();*/
} else {
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, requestedPermissions, requestCode);
}
} else {
onPermissionsGranted(requestCode);
}
}
public abstract void onPermissionsGranted(int requestCode);
}