Counting number of times an int occurs in an array (Java) - java

I'm trying to count the number of occurences of ints, one to six inclusive, in an array of size 6. I want to return an array with the number of times an int appears in each index, but with one at index zero.
Example:
Input: [3,2,1,4,5,1,3]
Expected output: [2,1,2,1,1,0].
Problem:
It outputs [1,1,3,0,1,0] with the code excerpt below. How can I fix this? I can't find where I'm going wrong.
public static int arrayCount(int[] array, int item) {
int amt = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
if (array[i] == item) {
amt++;
}
}
return amt;
}
public int[] countNumOfEachScore(){
int[] scores = new int[6];
int[] counts = new int[6];
for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++){
scores[i] = dice[i].getValue();
}
for (int j = 0; j < 6; j++){
counts[j] = arrayCount(scores, j+1);
}
return counts;
}
dice[] is just an array of Die objects, which have a method getValue() which returns an int between 1 and 6, inclusive. counts[] is the int array with the wrong contents.

It'll be faster to write another code instead of debugging yours.
public static int[] count(int[] array) {
int[] result = new int[6];
for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
try{
result[array[i]-1]++;
} catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("The numbers must be between 1 and 6. Was " + String.valueOf(array[i]));
}
}
return result;
}
The above will result in an array of 6 ints. ith number in the result array will store the number of occurences of i+1.
PoC for the OP

public static void main(String [] args){
int []ar=new int[]{3,2,1,4,5,1,3};
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(counter(ar)));
}
public static int[] counter(int []ar){
int []result=new int [6];
for(int i=0;i<ar.length;i++){
int c=0;
for(int j=0;j<ar.length;j++){
if(j<i && ar[i]==ar[j])
break;
if(ar[i]==ar[j])
c++;
if(j==ar.length-1){
result[i]=c;
}
}
}
return result;
}

Related

Counting Sort implementation

Hello I am having difficulty implementing a counting sort method in java. I believe the problem comes from the last two loops I have in the method. I am getting an ArrayIndexOutOfBounds exception : 8. I believe this comes from my second to last for loop when at index 5 the value is 8 but I am not sure how to resolve this. Any help is appreciated. Thank you!
In my code k is the highest value in the input array.
Code:
public static void main(String[] args) {
int [] arrayOne = {0,1,1,3,4,5,3,0};
int [] output = Arrays.copyOf(arrayOne, arrayOne.length);
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(arrayOne));
countingSort(arrayOne, output, 5);
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(output));
}
public static void countingSort(int[] input, int[] output , int k){
int [] temp = Arrays.copyOf(input, k+1);
for (int i = 0; i <= k; i++){
temp[i] = 0;
}
for (int j = 0; j <= input.length - 1; j++){
temp[input[j]] = temp[input[j]] + 1;
}
for (int i = 1; i <= k; i++){
temp[i] = temp[i] + temp[i-1];
}
for (int j = input.length; j >= 1; j--){
output[temp[input[j]]] = input[j];
temp[input[j]] = temp[input[j]] - 1;
}
}
The problem is in the first loop because the array temp lenght is 6 and you are doing 7 interations in there.
So at the end of the for it is trying to do temp[6]=0 and the last position of your array is temp[5].
To fix this change your first loop to:
for (int i = 0; i < k; i++){
In the last loop you will get the same exception cause input[8] doesn't exist.
import java.util.Arrays;
public class CountingSort {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] input = {0,1,1,3,4,5,3,0};
int[] output = new int[input.length];
int k = 5; // k is the largest number in the input array
System.out.println("before sorting:");
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(input));
output = countingSort(input, output, k);
System.out.println("after sorting:");
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(output));
}
public static int[] countingSort(int[] input, int[] output, int k) {
int counter[] = new int[k + 1];
for (int i : input) { counter[i]++; }
int ndx = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < counter.length; i++) {
while (0 < counter[i]) {
output[ndx++] = i;
counter[i]--;
}
}
return output;
}
}
Above code is adapted from: http://www.java67.com/2017/06/counting-sort-in-java-example.html
this may help but try using the Arraya.sort() method.
e.g:
//A Java program to sort an array of integers in ascending order.
// A sample Java program to sort an array of integers
// using Arrays.sort(). It by default sorts in
// ascending order
import java.util.Arrays;
public class SortExample
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
// Our arr contains 8 elements
int[] arr = {13, 7, 6, 45, 21, 9, 101, 102};
Arrays.sort(arr);
System.out.printf("Modified arr[] : %s",
Arrays.toString(arr));
}
}
example is a snippet from https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/arrays-sort-in-java-with-examples/
As per algorithm following implementation, I have prepared for the count sort technique
public static int[] countSort(int elements[]) {
int[] sorted = new int[elements.length+1];
int[] range = new int[getMax(elements)+1];
for(int i=0;i<range.length;i++) {
range[i] = getCount(i, elements);
try {
range[i] = range[i]+range[i-1];
}catch(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException ae) {
continue;
}
}
for(int i=0;i<elements.length;i++) {
sorted[range[elements[i]]] = elements[i];
range[elements[i]] = range[elements[i]]-1;
}
return sorted;
}
public static int getCount(int value,int[] elements) {
int count = 0;
for(int element:elements) {
if(element==value) count++;
}
return count;
}
public static int getMax(int elements[]) {
int max = elements[0];
for(int i=0;i<elements.length;i++) {
if(max<elements[i]) {
max = elements[i];
}
}
return max;
}
Please review and let me know if any feedback and it is more helpful.
Note :
Non-negative no won't support in the above implementation.
don't use 0th index of the sorted array.

Return all negative elements of a array

Okay, so i need to find all the negative numbers of array and return them.I found the negative number, but how do i return them all? P.S yes i am a beginner.
public static void main(String[] args) {
int [] array = {5,-1,6,3,-20,10,20,-5,2};
System.out.println(findNumber(array));
}
public static int findNumber(int[] sum) {
int num = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < sum.length ; i++) {
if(sum[i] < num) {
num = sum[i];
}
}
return num;
}
Java 8 based solution. You can use stream to filter out numbers greater than or equal to zero
public static int[] findNumber(int[] sum)
{
return Arrays.stream(sum).filter(i -> i < 0).toArray();
}
There are multiple ways of doing this, if you just want to output all of the negative numbers easily you could do this:
public static void main(String[] args) {
int [] array = {5,-1,6,3,-20,10,20,-5,2};
ArrayList<Integer> negativeNumbers = findNumber(sum);
for(Integer negNum : negativeNumbers) {
System.out.println(negNum);
}
}
public static ArrayList<Integer> findNumber(int[] sum) {
ArrayList<Integer> negativeNumbers = new ArrayList<>();
for (int i = 0; i < sum.length ; i++) {
if(sum[i] < 0) {
negativeNumber.add(sum[i]);
}
}
return negativeNumbers;
}
As you told you are beginner, i'm giving code in using arrays only.
Whenever you come across a negative number, just add it to the array and increment it's index number and after checking all the numbers, return the array and print it.
public static void main(String[] args)
{
int [] array = {5,-1,6,3,-20,10,20,-5,2};
int[] neg = findNumber(array);
for(int i = 0 ; i<neg.length; i++)
{
System.out.println(neg[i]);
}
}
public static int[] findNumber(int[] a)
{
int j=0;
int[] n = new int[a.length];
for(int i = 0; i<a.length ; i++)
{
if(a[i] <0)
{
n[j] = a[i];
j++;
}
}
int[] neg = new int[j];
for( int k = 0 ; k < j ; k++)
{
neg[k] = n[k];
}
return neg;
}
I hope it helps.
You can modify your method to iterate through the array of numbers, and add every negative number you encounter, to a List.
public static List<Integers> findNegativeNumbers(int[] num) {
List<Integers> negativeNumbers = new ArrayList<>();
for (int i = 0; i < num.length; i++) {
if(num[i] < 0) {
negativeNumbers.add(num[i]);
}
}
return negativeNumbers;
}
You could then print out the list of negative numbers from this method itself, or return the list with return to be printed in main.
You code is returning the sum of elements, but I understood that you wanted every negative number.
So, I assumed you want something like this:
public static void main(String[] args) {
int [] array = {5,-1,6,3,-20,10,20,-5,2};
Integer [] result = findNumbers( array );
for( int i : result )
{
System.out.println( i );
}
}
public static Integer[] findNumbers(int[] v) {
List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>();
for (int i = 0; i < v.length ; i++) {
if(v[i] < 0) {
list.add(v[i]);
}
}
return list.toArray( new Integer[0] );
}
Is it?
Best regards.
public static int[] findNum(int[] array)
{
int negativeIntCount = 0;
int[] negativeNumbers = new int[array.length];
for(int i = 0; i < array.length; i++)
{
if(array[i] < 0)
{
negativeIntCount++;
negativeNumbers[i] = array[i];
}
}
System.out.println("Total negative numbers in given arrays is " + negativeIntCount);
return negativeNumbers;
}
To display as an array in output :
System.out.println(Arrays.toString(findNum(array)));
To display output as space gaped integers :
for(int x : findNum(array))
{
System.out.print(" " + x)
}

Merge sort 3 way java

I have to make a 3 way merge sort of an array. the array length is a in a power of 3, i.e. 3,9,27 etc. So I can use only one split function and not "left","mid","right".
Would like to get an answer how to repair it and why does not it work.
I have written the code, however don't know how to get it to work.
Here it is:
EDITED THE CODE, STILL DOES NOT WORK
public class Ex3 {
public static void main(String[] args) { //main function
Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in); //scanner
int size = in.nextInt();
int[] arr = new int[size];
for (int i = 0; i<arr.length; i++){
arr[i] = in.nextInt();
}
in.close();
arr = merge3sort (arr); //send to the function to merge
for (int i = 0; i<arr.length; i++){ //printer
System.out.print(arr[i]+ " ");
}
}
static int[] split(int[] m, int thirdNum) { //split function that splits to 3 arrays
int third[] = new int[m.length/3];
int third1[]=new int[m.length/3];
int third2[]=new int[m.length/3];
for(int i = 0; i<=m.length/3; i++)
third[i]=m[i];
for(int i=0; i<=m.length/3;i++)
third1[i]=m[i+thirdNum];
for(int i=0; i<=m.length/3;i++)
third2[i]=m[i+2*thirdNum];
return merge(third,third1,third2);
//return null;
}
static int minOf3(int[] a3) { //function that finds out how what is the index of the smallest number
int num0 = a3[0];
int num1 = a3[1];
int num2 = a3[2];
int idx = 0;
if(num0<num1 && num1<num2)
idx=0;
if(num1<num0 && num0<num2)
idx=1;
else
idx=2;
return idx;
}
static int[] merge(int[] th0, int[] th1, int[] th2) { //function that sorts the numbers between 3 arrays
int len0=th0.length;
int len1=th1.length;
int len2=th2.length;
int[] united = new int[len0+len1+len2];
int ind = 0; int i0=0; int i1=0; int i2=0;
while(i0<len0 && i1<len1 && i2<len2){
if(th0[i0]<th1[i1]){
if(th0[i0]<th2[i2]){
united[ind]=th0[i0];
i0=i0+1;
}//end inner if
else{
united[ind]=th2[i2];
i2=i2+1;
}//end inner else
}//end outer if
else{
united[ind]=th1[i1];
i1=i1+1;
}//end outer else
ind=ind+1;
}//end while
for (int i = i0; i < len0; i = i + 1) {
united[ind] = th0[i];
ind = ind + 1;
}
for (int i = i1; i < len1; i = i + 1) {
united[ind] = th1[i];
ind = ind + 1;
}for (int i = i2; i < len2; i = i + 1) {
united[ind] = th2[i];
ind = ind + 1;
}
return united;
}
static int[] merge3sort(int[] m) { //function that glues all together
if (m.length == 1) {
return m;
}
else{
return merge(merge3sort(split(m,m.length/3)),merge3sort(split(m,m.length/3)),merge3sort(split(m,m.length/3))); }
}
I get the following exception:
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException: 0
at ololosh1.Ex3.split(Ex3.java:27)
at ololosh1.Ex3.merge3sort(Ex3.java:98)
at ololosh1.Ex3.main(Ex3.java:15)
Look at this part of your code:
for(int i = 0; i<=m.length/3; i++)
third[i]=m[i];
for(int i=0; i<=m.length/3;i++)
third1[i]=m[i+thirdNum];
for(int i=0; i<=m.length/3;i++)
third2[i]=m[i+2*thirdNum];
Arrays are indexed from 0 to length-1. Each third* array has length m.length/3. Therefore their index can only go up to m.length/3 - 1. Yet you are indexing up to and including m.length/3.
Once you get your application working correctly, you really should clean it up. There is a lot of redundancy. For example, you are using the expression m.length/3 multiple times in method split() but you are also passing that same value to it as an argument.

2D Array Methods & Demo

I have an assignment to design and implement methods to process 2D Arrays.
It needs to have an implementation class (Array2DMethods) that has the following static methods:
readInputs() to read the number of rows and columns fro the user then reads a corresponding entry to that size. Ex: if a user enters 3 for # of rows and 3 for # of columns it'll declare an array of 10 and reads 9 entries.
max(int [][] anArray) it returns the max value in the 2D parameter array anArray
rowSum(int[][] anArray) it returns the sum of the elements in row x of anArray
columnSum(int[][] anArray) it returns the sum of the elements in column x of anArray **careful w/ rows of different lengths
isSquare(int[][] anArray) checks if the array is square (meaning every row has the same length as anArray itself)
displayOutputs(int[][] anArray) displays the 2 Dim Array elements
It also needs a testing class (Arrays2DDemo) that tests the methods.
I've commented the parts I'm having problems with. I'm not sure how to test the methods besides the readInputs method and also not sure how to format the part where you ask the user to enter a number for each row.
Here's my code so far:
import java.util.Scanner;
class Array2DMethods {
public static int [][] readInputs(){
Scanner keyboard = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print(" How many rows? ");
int rows = keyboard.nextInt();
System.out.print(" How many columns? ");
int columns = keyboard.nextInt();
int [][] ret = new int[rows][columns];
for (int i = 0; i<ret.length; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < ret[i].length; j++) {
System.out.print("please enter an integer: "); //Need to format like Enter [0][0]: ... Enter [0][1]: ...etc.
ret[i][j] = keyboard.nextInt();
}
}
return ret;
}
public static int max(int [][] anArray) {
int ret = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
for (int i = 0; i < anArray.length; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < anArray[i].length; j++) {
if (anArray[i][j] > ret) {
ret = anArray[i][j];
}
}
}
return ret;
}
public static void rowSum(int[][]anArray) {
int ret = 0;
for (int i = 0; i<anArray.length; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < anArray[i].length; j++) {
ret = ret + anArray[i][j];
}
}
}
public static void columnSum(int[][]anArray) {
int ret = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < anArray.length; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < anArray[i].length; j++) {
ret = ret + anArray[i][j];
}
}
}
public static boolean isSquare(int[][]anArray) {
for (int i = 0, l = anArray.length; i < l; i++) {
if (anArray[i].length != l) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
public static void displayOutputs(int[][]anArray) {
System.out.println("Here is your 2Dim Array:");
for(int i=0; i<anArray.length; i++) {
for(int j=0; j<anArray[i].length; j++) {
System.out.print(anArray[i][j]);
System.out.print(", ");
}
System.out.println();
}
}
}
Class Arrays2DDemo:
public class Arrays2DDemo {
public static void main(String[] args){
System.out.println("Let's create a 2Dim Array!");
int [][] anArray = Array2DMethods.readInputs();
Array2DMethods.max(anArray);
Array2DMethods.rowSum(anArray);
//need to print out and format like this: Ex Sum of row 1 = 60 ...etc
Array2DMethods.columnSum(anArray);
//need to print out and format like this: Ex Sum of column 1 = 60 ...etc.
Array2DMethods.isSquare(anArray);
//need to print out is this a square array? true
Array2DMethods.displayOutputs(anArray);
//need it to be formatted like [10, 20, 30] etc
}
}
Assuming you want anArray to be the array you read in during your inputting, you should name that variable, as such...
public static void main(String[] args){
System.out.println("Let's create a 2Dim Array!");
int[][] anArray = Array2DMethods.readInputs();
System.out.println("max " + Array2DMethods.max(anArray));
Array2DMethods.rowSum(anArray);
Array2DMethods.columnSum(anArray);
System.out.println("Square " + Array2DMethods.isSquare(anArray));
Array2DMethods.displayOutputs(anArray);
}
Say you have a function f which takes a single input x. The problem is you're asking the computer to evaluate f(x) without ever telling it what x is. If you give x a value, however, such as x = 3, then asking f(x) becomes legal, because it becomes f(3), which can be evaluated.

Creating an Array with the same numbers from an old one but without repetitions

So I created an array with random numbers, i printed and counted the repeated numbers, now I just have to create a new array with the same numbers from the first array but without any repetitions. Can't use ArrayList by the way.
What I have is.
public static void main(String[] args) {
Random generator = new Random();
int aR[]= new int[20];
for(int i=0;i<aR.length;i++){
int number=generator.nextInt(51);
aR[i]=number;
System.out.print(aR[i]+" ");
}
System.out.println();
System.out.println();
int countRep=0;
for(int i=0;i<aR.length;i++){
for(int j=i+1;j<aR.length-1;j++){
if(aR[i]==aR[j]){
countRep++;
System.out.println(aR[i]+" "+aR[j]);
break;
}
}
}
System.out.println();
System.out.println("Repeated numbers: "+countRep);
int newaR[]= new int[aR.length - countRep];
}
Can someone help?
EDIT: Can't really use HashSet either. Also the new array needs to have the correct size.
Using Java 8 and streams you can do the following:
int[] array = new int[1024];
//fill array
int[] arrayWithoutDuplicates = Arrays.stream(array)
.distinct()
.toArray();
This will:
Turn your int[] into an IntStream.
Filter out all duplicates, so retaining distinct elements.
Save it in a new array of type int[].
Try:
Set<Integer> insertedNumbers = new HashSet<>(newaR.length);
int index = 0;
for(int i = 0 ; i < aR.length ; ++i) {
if(!insertedNumbers.contains(aR[i])) {
newaR[index++] = aR[i];
}
insertedNumbers.add(aR[i]);
}
One possible approach is to walk through the array, and for each value, compute the index at which it again occurs in the array (which is -1 if the number does not occur again). The number of values which do not occur again is the number of unique values. Then collect all values from the array for which the corresponding index is -1.
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Random;
public class UniqueIntTest
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
int array[] = createRandomArray(20, 0, 51);
System.out.println("Array " + Arrays.toString(array));
int result[] = computeUnique(array);
System.out.println("Result " + Arrays.toString(result));
}
private static int[] createRandomArray(int size, int min, int max)
{
Random random = new Random(1);
int array[] = new int[size];
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
{
array[i] = min + random.nextInt(max - min);
}
return array;
}
private static int[] computeUnique(int array[])
{
int indices[] = new int[array.length];
int unique = computeIndices(array, indices);
int result[] = new int[unique];
int index = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++)
{
if (indices[i] == -1)
{
result[index] = array[i];
index++;
}
}
return result;
}
private static int computeIndices(int array[], int indices[])
{
int unique = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++)
{
int value = array[i];
int index = indexOf(array, value, i + 1);
if (index == -1)
{
unique++;
}
indices[i] = index;
}
return unique;
}
private static int indexOf(int array[], int value, int offset)
{
for (int i = offset; i < array.length; i++)
{
if (array[i] == value)
{
return i;
}
}
return -1;
}
}
This sounds like a homework question, and if it is, the technique that you should pick up on is to sort the array first.
Once the array is sorted, duplicate entries will be adjacent to each other, so they are trivial to find:
int[] numbers = //obtain this however you normally would
java.util.Arrays.sort(numbers);
//find out how big the array is
int sizeWithoutDuplicates = 1; //there will be at least one entry
int lastValue = numbers[0];
//a number in the array is unique (or a first duplicate)
//if it's not equal to the number before it
for(int i = 1; i < numbers.length; i++) {
if (numbers[i] != lastValue) {
lastValue = i;
sizeWithoutDuplicates++;
}
}
//now we know how many results we have, and we can allocate the result array
int[] result = new int[sizeWithoutDuplicates];
//fill the result array
int positionInResult = 1; //there will be at least one entry
result[0] = numbers[0];
lastValue = numbers[0];
for(int i = 1; i < numbers.length; i++) {
if (numbers[i] != lastValue) {
lastValue = i;
result[positionInResult] = i;
positionInResult++;
}
}
//result contains the unique numbers
Not being able to use a list means that we have to figure out how big the array is going to be in a separate pass — if we could use an ArrayList to collect the results we would have only needed a single loop through the array of numbers.
This approach is faster (O(n log n) vs O (n^2)) than a doubly-nested loop through the array to find duplicates. Using a HashSet would be faster still, at O(n).

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