Move camera to the direction it's facing - java

I have a camera that has X, Y and Z Coordinates.
The camera also has a Yaw and a pitch.
int cameraX = Camera.getX();
int cameraY = Camera.getY();
int cameraZ = Camera.getZ();
int cameraYaw = Camera.getYaw();
int cameraPitch = Camera.getPitch();
The yaw has 2048 units in 360 degrees, so at 160 degrees the getYaw() method will return 1024.
Currently I move the camera forward by just setting the Y + 1 in each loop.
Camera.setY(Camera.getY() + 1);
How would I set the camera X and Y to the direction I'm facing (The Yaw)?
I don't want to use the pitch in this situation, just the Yaw.

If I understand your question correctly, you're trying to get the camera to move in the direction you're looking (in 2D space, you're only moving horizontally).
I made a small LookAt header-only library for C++, but here is part of it rewritten in Java. What this code does is it takes a rotation and a distance, then calculates how far you need to move (in both the x and y coordinate) to get there.
// Returns how far you need to move in X and Y to get to where you're looking
// Rotation is in degrees, distance is how far you want to move
public static double PolarToCartesianX(double rotation, double distance) {
return distance * Math.cos(rotation * (Math.PI / 180.0D));
}
public static double PolarToCartesianY(double rotation, double distance) {
return distance * Math.sin(rotation * (Math.PI / 180.0D));
}

Related

Can't Correctly rotate 3D Point A to B (on X, Y, Z axis)

I has tirelessly been researching for three weeks now, each and every procedure for rotating a 3D Point 'A' to 3D Point 'B', the following are the techniques I attempted with no success:
Rotation Matrix
Euler Angles to Rotation Matrix
Axis Angle to Rotation Matrix
Quaternion Coordinate Rotation
Trigonometry Multiple Axis Rotation
I would like to perform a simultaneous 3d 3 axis (so, X, Y, Z) rotation in java (please know I don't particularly understand the mathematics behind it, I would prefer the answer to be in java code, with the example I displayed).
e.g.
Pointf a = new Pointf(0f, 2f, 0f);
Pointf b = new Pointf(2f, 0f, 2f);
// ~~~ Start of Rotation Matrix ~~~
// azimuth (Z Axis)
float azimuth = (float) Math.toRadians(90f);
// elevation (Y Axis)
float elevation = (float) Math.toRadians(0f);
// tilt (X Axis)
float tilt = (float) Math.toRadians(90f);
/*
public static Matrix4x4f createRotationMatrix(double azimuth, double elevation, double tilt) {
// Assuming the angles are in radians.
//Precompute sines and cosines of Euler angles
double su = sin(tilt);
double cu = cos(tilt);
double sv = sin(elevation);
double cv = cos(elevation);
double sw = sin(azimuth);
double cw = cos(azimuth);
//Create and populate RotationMatrix
Matrix4x4f A = Matrix4x4f.create();
A.values[0] = (float) (cv*cw);
A.values[1] = (float) ((su*sv*cw) - (cu*sw));
A.values[2] = (float) ((su*sw) + (cu*sv*cw));
A.values[4] = (float) (cv*sw);
A.values[5] = (float) ((cu*cw) + (su*sv*sw));
A.values[6] = (float) ((cu*sv*sw) - (su*cw));
A.values[8] = (float) -sv;
A.values[9] = (float) (su*cv);
A.values[10] = (float) (cu*cv);
return A;
}
*/
// Multiplies the Z * Y * X Rotation Matrices to form 'Matrix4x4f m'
Matrix4x4f m = Matrix4x4.createRotationMatrix(azimuth, elevation, tilt);
// Multiple point 'a' with Matrix4x4f 'm' to get point 'b'
m.transform(a); // Should return {2, 0, 2} same 'b', but returns {2, 0, 0}
// ~~~ End of Rotation Matrix ~~~
FYI. My main source of information was from the following:
http://www.euclideanspace.com/maths/geometry/rotations/conversions/angleToMatrix/index.htm
Thanks All
I can explain an algorithm for finding the matrix of rotation, though I don't have code for it.
Every rotation is around an axis. I assume that you want an axis that goes through the origin O. In that case, the rotation takes place in the plane defined by the three points O, A, and B. As the rotation axis, you can use the vector which is the cross product of the two vectors OA and OB. Here is the formula.
Let's call the three components of this direction vector for the axis (u,v,w), for simplicity (and we'll assume its normalized). Next find the angle theta between OA and OB, this is found by the standard formula for the angle between two vectors.
Finally, the hard part is done for you at this site, which links to the following 3D matrix of rotation about the origin, which will rotate A to B. Java code for this matrix can be downloaded at this site.
You can check out some rotations interactively here.

Bullet positioning while rotating

i'm creating an android app(top-down shooter) on libgdx and have a problem with bullet positioning(No, with math for real)
So the problem is calculating a position of bullet
I want to spawn bullet here:
example
(where the red line is)
I calculating a position as:
bullet.setPosition(world.getPlayer().getX() + world.getPlayer().getWidth() * (float) Math.cos(Math.toRadians(world.getPlayer().getRotation())),
world.getPlayer().getY() + world.getPlayer().getHeight() * (float) Math.sin(Math.toRadians(world.getPlayer().getRotation())));
And it works well while rotation = 0, but as soon as i start to rotate my player it goes wrong :(
I am assuming that your player object is a libGDX Sprite. Therefore, the getX and getY are the coordinates of the bottom-left corner of the sprite and the getRotation is the rotation of the sprite about the origin (assumed to be at the centre of the player).
By doing some basic trigonometry you can convert the angle and a displacement to an (x,y) coordinate as you have attempted. The bullet needs to be rotated about the centre of the player. This can be done with the following code:
Sprite player = world.getPlayer(); //Just to tidy up the code
//Half width, half height and rotation
float hw = player.getWidth() / 2.0f;
float hh = player.getHeight() / 2.0f;
float rot = Math.toRadians(player.getRotation());
bullet.setPosition(player.getX() + hw + hw * (float) Math.cos(rot),
player.getY() + hh + hh * (float) Math.sin(rot));

move bitmap from (x,y) to (x2,y2) how to compute x,y values between start and destination

Is there a way to move a bitmap from point1 to point 2 using the angle?
x += speed * Math.sin(getAngle(pointDestination));
y += speed * Math.cos(getAngle(pointDestination));
edit:
public double getAngle(Point target) {
double angle = (Math.atan2(target.y - y, target.x - x));
double angledeg = angle*0.0174532925;
return angledeg;
}
Should getAngle() be executed on every iteration or just once at the beginning?
Unfortunately the sprite moves to a wrong direction.
Your problem is that you increment the x value and when you go to increment the y too you are using the new x that you just incremented to calculate the angle.
Change it to:
float angle=getAngle(pointDestination);
x += speed * Math.cos(angle);
y += speed * Math.sin(angle);
public double getAngle(Point target) {
return Math.atan2(target.y - y, target.x - x);
}
Instead of doing a incremental update of the bitmap position, you better define a (mathematical) function that computes the position (x, y) over time. The advantage is that this will result in very exact and predictable movements independent of CPU speed / frames per second.
Assuming that the bitmap should move at constant speed from (x1, y1) to (x2, y2) in time milliseconds, so your (time dependent) position functions are as follows:
x(t) := x1 + (x2 - x1) * t / time // t in range [0, time]
y(t) := y1 + (y2 - y1) * t / time // t in range [0, time]
(Note: By doing some physics/maths, you can define more sophisticated functions that result in more complex movements).
This two functions can then be used in your animation thread to update the position of the bitmap:
bitmap.setX(x(currentTime - animationStartTime));
bitmap.setY(y(currentTime - animationStartTime));
Have a look at Trident animation library. It supports multiple UI frameworks and seems to be exactly what you're looking for!
Update: In case you really want to do a incremental update, e.g. based on your current frame rate, you don't need trigonometric functions (sin, cos, tan, ...) at all, just vectors:
// x, y is the current position of the bitmap
// calculate vector (dx, dy) to target:
double dx = x2 - x;
double dy = y2 - y;
// calculate length of this vector:
double l = Math.hypot(dx, dy); // calculates sqrt(dx² + dy²)
// calculate unit vector of (dx, dy):
double vx = dx / l;
double vy = dy / l;
// update bitmap position:
// distance is the number of pixels to travel in this iteration (frame)
x += distance * vx;
y += distance * vy;
Note that all values should be of type double. Otherwise, if int is used for x and y and the increment is lower than 1 (e.g. due to slow movement, i.e. distance is very low), the bitmap won't move at all due to rounding errors!
Also note that in this approach you have to measure the frame rate to adjust distance accordingly to compensate deviation. The formula could be something like:
double distance = (time elapsed since last frame in sec) * (distance to travel per sec)

Move in the same angle from point to point?

I need to be able to move my player x and y pixels in the same direction as a point to a point. It's hard to explain, but this is what I am trying to do:
Angles 1 and 2 have to be the same. Point 1 stays the same at (100, 100), however point 2 constantly changes and so must the angles. I have tried this:
moveRectangle.setX(touchEvent.getX());
moveRectangle.setY(touchEvent.getY());
float theta = (float) Math.toDegrees(Math.atan2(touchEvent.getY() - 100,touchEvent.getY() - 100));
float velX = (float) (getSpeed() * Math.cos(theta));
float velY = (float) (getSpeed() * Math.sin(theta));
player.move(velX, velY);
The above code is constantly run when the user puts his finger on moveRectangle (Point 2) and moves it. But the above code does not work. The player just moves in one of two directions. player.move just adds velX and velY velocity. So how can I get the two angles and move the player in the right direction? Thanks.
Would it be easier to approach this problem using a cartesian approach (vectors) versus polar approach (angle and magnitude)? So, if the player is at point p0 and the "finger" is at point p1, then the direction the player should be moving v is given by the vector p1-p0. You can then scale the resulting vector v by the player's speed, and add the player's speed to his position. You can do this easily on a frame-by-frame basis.
Do you need just to know velocity on X and Y axis? You can do it without using trigonometry (just use Pythagorean theorem).
final float deltaX = touchEvent.getX() - player.x; // player.x is point1.x
final float deltaY = touchEvent.getY() - player.y; // player.y is point1.y
final float length = Maths.sqrt((deltaX)^2 + (deltaY)^2);
final float itterations = length / getSpeed();
final float velX = deltaX / itterations;
final float velY = deltaY / itterations;
player.move(velX, velY);
Or you need a code of player moving in cycle?
Remove Math.toDegrees().
From the Math.sin() / cos() Javadoc:
Parameters:
a - an angle, in radians.
Returns:
the sine of the argument.

quaternion to angle

Alright, so this is how I am doing it:
float xrot = 0;
float yrot = 0;
float zrot = 0;
Quaternion q = new Quaternion().fromRotationMatrix(player.model.getRotation());
if (q.getW() > 1) {
q.normalizeLocal();
}
float angle = (float) (2 * Math.acos(q.getW()));
double s = Math.sqrt(1-q.getW()*q.getW());
// test to avoid divide by zero, s is always positive due to sqrt
// if s close to zero then direction of axis not important
if (s < 0.001) {
// if it is important that axis is normalised then replace with x=1; y=z=0;
xrot = q.getXf();
yrot = q.getYf();
zrot = q.getZf();
// z = q.getZ();
} else {
xrot = (float) (q.getXf() / s); // normalise axis
yrot = (float) (q.getYf() / s);
zrot = (float) (q.getZf() / s);
}
But it doesn't seem to work when I try to put it into use:
player.model.addTranslation(xrot * player.speed, 0, zrot * player.speed);
AddTranslation takes 3 numbers to move my model by than many spaces (x, y, z), but hen I give it the numbers above it doesn't move the model in the direction it has been rotated (on the XZ plane)
Why isn't this working?
Edit: new code, though it's about 45 degrees off now.
Vector3 move = new Vector3();
move = player.model.getRotation().applyPost(new Vector3(1,0,0), move);
move.multiplyLocal(-player.speed);
player.model.addTranslation(move);
xrot, yrot, and zrot define the axis of the rotation specified by the quaternion. I don't think you want to be using them in your addTranslation() call...in general, that won't have anything to do with the direction of motion.
What I mean by that is: your 3-D object -- let's say for the sake of argument that it's an airplane -- will have a certain preferred direction of motion in its original coordinate
system. So if the original orientation has the center of mass at the origin, and the
propeller somewhere along the +X axis, the plane wants to fly in the +X direction.
Now you introduce some coordinate transformation that rotates the airplane into some other orientation. That rotation is described by a rotation matrix, or equivalently, by a
quaternion. Which way does the plane want to move after the rotation?
You could find
that by taking a unit vector in the +X direction: (1.0, 0.0, 0.0), then applying the
rotation matrix or quaternion to that vector to transform it into the new coordinate
system. (Then scale it by the speed, as you're doing above.) The X, Y, and Z components
of the transformed, scaled vector give the desired incremental motion along each axis. That transformed vector is generally not going to be the rotation axis of the quaternion, and I think that's probably your problem.

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