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Making a binary search function

I am working on a homework task where I am supposed to make a function that will do a binary insertion sort, but my function does not seem to work properly.
Here I have tried to combine a binary search function with a insertion sort function (it is specified in the homework task that it needs to be in the form of a function: insertionSort(int[] array, int lo, int hi))
public static void insertionSort(int[] array, int lo, int hi){
int mid;
int pos;
for (int i = 1; i < array.length; i++) {
int x= array[i];
while (lo < hi) {
mid = lo + (hi -lo)/2;
if (x == array[mid]) {
pos = mid;
}
if (x > array[mid]) {
lo = mid+1;
}
else if (x < array[mid]) {
hi = mid-1;
}
}
pos = lo;
for (int j = i; j > pos; j--) {
array[j] = array[j-1];
}
array[pos] = x;
}
}
If I try to run it with the list {2,5,1,8,3}, the output will be
2 5 1 3 1 (if lo < hi and if lo > hi)
2 5 3 8 5 (if lo==hi)
What I am expecting though, is a sorted list...
Any idea of what I am doing wrong?

Just to give you a possible idea:
public static void insertionSort(int[] array) {
if (array.length <= 1) {
return;
}
// Start with an initially sorted part.
int loSorted = array.length - 1;
//int hiSorted = array.length;
while (loSorted > 0) {
// Take one from the array
int x = array[0];
// Where in the sorted part to insert?
int insertI = insertPosition(array, loSorted);
// Insert x at insertI
...
--loSorted;
}
}

whenever I need binary search, my function looks the following way:
public static void binarySearch(int arr[], int first, int last, int key){
int mid = (first + last)/2;
while( first <= last ){
if ( arr[mid] < key ){
first = mid + 1;
}else if ( arr[mid] == key ){
System.out.println("Element is found at index: " + mid);
break;
}else{
last = mid - 1;
}
mid = (first + last)/2;
}
if ( first > last ){
System.out.println("Element is not found!");
}
}
In your main method the call looks like:
public static void main(String[] args) {
int arr[] = {10,20,30,40,50};
int key = 30;
int last=arr.length-1;
binarySearch(arr,0,last,key);
}
I hope I was able to help you!

Thank you for your input. I changed the function a little bit, and it seems to be working now
` public static void insertionSort(int[] array, int lo, int hi){
int mid;
int pos;
for (int i = 1; i < array.length; i++) {
int j = i -1;
int x = array[i];
while (lo <= hi) {
mid = lo + (hi -lo)/2;
if (x == array[mid]) {
pos = mid;
break;
}
if (x > array[mid]) {
lo = mid+1;
}
else if (x < array[mid]) {
hi = mid-1;
}
}
while (j >= 0 && array[j] > x) {
array[j + 1] = array[j];
j = j - 1;
}
array[j + 1] = x;
}
}
the problem seemed to lay in the last part, where I was trying to move the elements into their right positions. The function is probably not perfect tho, so constructive criticism is welcome :)

Java sorting: random gen numbers same as sorted numbers(in terms of order)

I have a program that sorts randomly generated numbers from least to greatest or greatest to least depending on the users choice. 2 problems are occurring.
When the user does Insertion Sorting with Descending, the randomly generated numbers and sorting numbers output like this for example:
Randomly Generated Numbers:
89 90 2 830 399
After sorting using the Insertion Sort, Using Descending Order, the array is:
89 90 2 830 399
It's weird because my other methods are EXACTLY the same, and they work fine, but for some reason this doesn't work.
Here is my code:
import javax.swing.*;
import java.lang.reflect.Array;
import java.util.Random;
public class RoutineSorter {
private static int[] generateRandomArray(int size, int randomMax) {
int[] array = new int[size];
Random randomGenerator = new Random();
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
array[i] = randomGenerator.nextInt(randomMax);
}
return array;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
int MethodChoice = Integer.parseInt(JOptionPane.showInputDialog("What method would you like to use to sort the random numbers" + "\n" + "1 - Selection Sort" + "\n" + "2 - Bubble Sort" + "\n" + "3 - Insertion Sort" + "\n" + "4 - Quick Sort"));
int iTotalCount = Integer.parseInt(JOptionPane.showInputDialog("What is the total number of integers?"));
int SortOrder = Integer.parseInt(JOptionPane.showInputDialog("1 - Ascending, " + "2 - Descending"));
int[] array = generateRandomArray(iTotalCount, 1001);
System.out.println("Randomly Generated number list: ");
for (int i: array) {
System.out.print(i + " ");
}
System.out.println("\n---------------------------------");
if (MethodChoice == 1) {
if (SortOrder == 2) {
selectionSortReverse(array);
System.out.println("After sorting using the Selection Sort, " + "Using Descending Order" + " " + "the array is: ");
} else if (SortOrder == 1) {
selectionSort(array);
System.out.println("After sorting using the Selection Sort," + " the array is:");
}
} else if (MethodChoice == 2) {
if (SortOrder == 2) {
bubbleSortReverse(array);
System.out.println("After sorting using the Bubble Sort, " + "Using Descending Order" + " " + "the array is: ");
} else if (SortOrder == 1) {
bubbleSort(array);
System.out.println("After sorting using the Bubble Sort," + " the array is:");
}
} else if (MethodChoice == 3) {
if (SortOrder == 2) {
insertionSortReverse(array);
System.out.println("After sorting using the Insertion Sort, " + "Using Descending Order" + " " + "the array is: ");
} else if (SortOrder == 1) {
insertionSort(array);
System.out.println("After sorting using the Insertion Sort," + " the array is:");
} else if (MethodChoice == 4) {
if (SortOrder == 2) {
}
}
for (int i: array) {
System.out.print(i + " ");
}
}
}
public static void quickSort(int data[], int low, int high) {
int partitionLoc;
if (low < high) {
partitionLoc = partition(data, low, high);
quickSort(data, low, partitionLoc - 1);
quickSort(data, partitionLoc + 1, high);
}
}
public static void quickSortReverse(int data[], int low, int high) {
int partitionLoc;
if (low > high) {
partitionLoc = partition(data, low, high);
quickSort(data, low, partitionLoc - 1);
quickSort(data, partitionLoc + 1, high);
}
}
public static int partition(int data2[], int left, int right) {
boolean moveLeft = true;
int separator = data2[left];
while (left < right) {
if (moveLeft == true) {
while ((data2[right] >= separator) && (left < right)) {
right--;
}
data2[left] = data2[right];
moveLeft = false;
} else {
while ((data2[left] <= separator) && (left < right)) {
left++;
}
data2[right] = data2[left];
moveLeft = true;
}
}
data2[left] = separator;
return left;
}
public static void bubbleSort(int data[]) {
//Loop to control number of passes
for (int pass = 1; pass < data.length; pass++) {
//Loop to control # of comparisons for length of array-1
for (int element = 0; element < data.length - 1; element++) {
//compare side-by-side elements and swap them if
//first element is greater than second element
if (data[element] > data[element + 1]) {
swap(data, element, element + 1); //call swap method
}
}
}
}
public static void bubbleSortReverse(int data[]) {
//Loop to control number of passes
for (int pass = 1; pass < data.length; pass++) {
//Loop to control # of comparisons for length of array-1
for (int element = 0; element < data.length - 1; element++) {
//compare side-by-side elements and swap them if
//first element is greater than second element
if (data[element] < data[element + 1]) {
swap(data, element, element + 1); //call swap method
}
}
}
}
public static void swapBubble(int array2[], int first, int second) {
int hold = array2[first];
array2[first] = array2[second];
array2[second] = hold;
}
public static void insertionSort(int data[]) {
int insert;
for (int next = 1; next < data.length; next++) {
insert = data[next];
int moveItem = next;
while (moveItem > 0 && data[moveItem - 1] > insert) {
data[moveItem] = data[moveItem - 1];
moveItem--;
}
data[moveItem] = insert;
}
}
public static void insertionSortReverse(int data[]) {
int insert;
for (int next = 1; next < data.length; next++) {
insert = data[next];
int moveItem = next;
while (moveItem < 0 && data[moveItem - 1] < insert) {
data[moveItem] = data[moveItem - 1];
moveItem--;
}
data[moveItem] = insert;
}
}
public static void selectionSort(int data[]) {
int smallest;
for (int i = 0; i < data.length - 1; i++) {
smallest = i;
//see if there is a smaller number further in the array
for (int index = i + 1; index < data.length; index++) {
if (data[index] < data[smallest]) {
swap(data, smallest, index);
}
}
}
}
public static void selectionSortReverse(int data[]) {
int smallest;
for (int i = 0; i < data.length - 1; i++) {
smallest = i;
//see if there is a smaller number further in the array
for (int index = i + 1; index < data.length; index++) {
if (data[index] > data[smallest]) {
swap(data, smallest, index);
}
}
}
}
public static void swap(int array2[], int first, int second) {
int hold = array2[first];
array2[first] = array2[second];
array2[second] = hold;
}
}

In the method insertionSortReverse() there is the mistake at the beginning of the while loop:
while (moveItem < 0 &&
It should be
while (moveItem > 0 &&
I suppose...

I fixed it. The problem was my insertionSortReverse() subroutine, one of the signs was the wrong way, so I put it to the opposite.
BEFORE
public static void insertionSortReverse(int data[]) {
int insert;
for (int next = 1; next < data.length; next++) {
insert = data[next];
int moveItem = next;
while (moveItem < 0 && data[moveItem - 1] < insert) {
data[moveItem] = data[moveItem - 1];
moveItem--;
}
data[moveItem] = insert;
}
}
AFTER
public static void insertionSortReverse(int data[]) {
int insert;
for (int next = 1; next < data.length; next++) {
insert = data[next];
int moveItem = next;
while (moveItem > 0 && data[moveItem - 1] < insert) {
data[moveItem] = data[moveItem - 1];
moveItem--;
}
data[moveItem] = insert;
}
}

Sorting and Binary search using Java

I was asked to sort and search an array. The sorting the array was simple and my code worked but then whenever I try to call the binary search method it works for the first element in the array but gives me "-1" as a result
My full code is as follows:
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[] array = new int[5];
array[0] = 50;
array[1] = 40;
array[2] = 10;
array[3] = 20;
array[4] = 100;
sort(array, (array.length - 1));
for (int x = 0; x < array.length; x++) {
System.out.println(" " + array[x]);
}
System.out.println("");
System.out.println("Binary search (R): " + rBsearch(array, 0, (array.length), 20));
}
public static void sort(int[] a, int last) {
if (last > 0) {
int max = findMax(a, last);
swap(a, last, max);
sort(a, last - 1);
}
}
public static int rBsearch(int[] L, int low, int high, int k) {
int mid = (low + high) / 2;
if (low > high) {
return -1;
} else if (L[mid] == k) {
return mid;
} else if (L[mid] < k) {
return rBsearch(L, k, mid + 1, high);
} else {
return rBsearch(L, k, low, mid - 1);
}
}
public static int findMax(int[] arr, int last) {
int max = 0;
for (int i = 0; i <= last; i++) {
if (arr[i] > arr[max]) {
max = i;
}
}
return max;
}
public static void swap(int[] arr, int last, int max) {
int temp = arr[last];
arr[last] = arr[max];
arr[max] = temp;
}

You goofed up the binary search intervals
public static int rBsearch(int[] L, int low, int high, int k) {
int mid = (low + high) / 2;
if (low > high) {
return -1;
} else if (L[mid] == k) {
return L[mid];
} else if (L[mid] < k) {
return rBsearch(L, mid + 1, high, k);
} else {
return rBsearch(L, low, mid - 1, k);
}
}

You did a mistake in calling the rBsearch method in the following lines
Instead of
else if (L[mid] < k) {
return rBsearch(L, k, mid + 1, high);
} else {
return rBsearch(L, k, low, mid - 1);
}
You should use
else if (L[mid] < k) {
return rBsearch(L, mid + 1, high,k); //the order of the parameters
} else {
return rBsearch(L, low, mid - 1,k);
}

Easiest way is:
Convert you array to list: Arrays.asList(array)
For sort: Collections#sort
For search: Collections#binarySearch
See this

Take Array From User
Sort Array using Build-in Function of Java...
then Search Element using Binary Search....
import java.lang.reflect.Array;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Scanner;
class BinarySearch
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
int array[];
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter number of elements:");
int Size_Of_Array = input.nextInt();
array = new int[Size_Of_Array];
System.out.println("Enter " + Size_Of_Array + " integers");
for (int counter = 0; counter < Size_Of_Array; counter++)
array[counter] = input.nextInt();
Arrays.sort(array);
System.out.println("Sorting Array is :-");
for (int counter = 0; counter < Size_Of_Array; counter++)
System.out.println(array[counter]);
System.out.println("Enter the search value:");
int Searching_item = input.nextInt();
int First_Index=0;
int Last_Index=Size_Of_Array-1;
int Middle_Index=(First_Index+Last_Index)/2;
while(First_Index <= Last_Index)
{
if(array[Middle_Index] < Searching_item)
{
First_Index=Middle_Index+1;
}
else if ( array[Middle_Index] == Searching_item )
{
System.out.println(Searching_item + " found at location " + (Middle_Index + 1) + ".");
break;
}
else
{
Last_Index = Middle_Index - 1;
}
Middle_Index = (First_Index + Last_Index)/2;
if ( First_Index > Last_Index )
{
System.out.println(Searching_item + " is not found.\n");
}
}
}
}
Result of BinarySearch

How can i fin the index using exponential, binary or interpolatin search recursively? [duplicate]

This question already has an answer here:
How can I locate an index given the following constraints? [closed]
(1 answer)
Closed 9 years ago.
Given an array of n integers A[0…n−1], such that ∀i,0≤i≤n, we have that |A[i]−A[i+1]|≤1, and if A[0]=x, A[n−1]=y, we have that x<y. Locate the index j such that A[j]=z, for a given value of z, x≤ z ≤y
I dont understand the problem. I've been stuck on it for 4 days. Any idea of how to approach it with binary search, exponential search or interpolation search recursively? We are given an element z find the index j such that a [j] = z (a j) am i right?.
static int binarySearch(int[] searchArray, int x) {
int start, end, midPt;
start = 0;
end = searchArray.length - 1;
while (start <= end) {
midPt = (start + end) / 2;
if (searchArray[midPt] == x) {
return midPt;
} else if (searchArray[midPt] < x) {
start = midPt + 1;
} else {
end = midPt - 1;
}
}
return -1;
}

You can use the basic binary search algorithm. The fact that A[i] and A[i+1] differ by at most 1 guarantees you will find a match.
Pseudocode:
search(A, z):
start := 0
end := A.length - 1
while start < end:
x = A[start]
y = A[end]
mid := (start+end)/2
if x <= z <= A[mid]:
end := mid
else if A[mid] < z <= y
start := mid + 1
return start
Note that this doesn't necessarily return the first match, but that wasn't required.

to apply your algorithms your need a sorted array.
the condition of you problem says that you have an array which has elements that differ with max 1, not necessarily sorted!!!
so, here are the steps to write the code :
check if problem data respects given conditions
sort input array + saving old indexes values, so later can can initial positions of elements
implement you search methods in recursive way
Binary search source
Interpolation search source
Here's full example source :
public class Test {
// given start ======================================================
public int[] A = new int[] { 1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 4, 3, 2, 1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,
7, 8 };
public int z = 4;
// given end =======================================================
public int[] indexes = new int[A.length];
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Test test = new Test();
if (test.z < test.A[0] || test.z > test.A[test.A.length - 1]){
System.out.println("Value z="+test.z+" can't be within given array");
return;
}
sort(test.A, test.indexes);
int index = binSearch(test.A, 0, test.A.length, test.z);
if (index > -1) {
System.out.println("Binary search result index =\t"
+ test.indexes[index]);
}
index = interpolationSearch(test.A, test.z, 0, test.A.length-1);
if (index > -1) {
System.out.println("Binary search result index =\t"
+ test.indexes[index]);
}
}
public static void sort(int[] a, int[] b) {
for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++)
b[i] = i;
boolean notSorted = true;
while (notSorted) {
notSorted = false;
for (int i = 0; i < a.length - 1; i++) {
if (a[i] > a[i + 1]) {
int aux = a[i];
a[i] = a[i + 1];
a[i + 1] = aux;
aux = b[i];
b[i] = b[i + 1];
b[i + 1] = aux;
notSorted = true;
}
}
}
}
public static int binSearch(int[] a, int imin, int imax, int key) {
// test if array is empty
if (imax < imin)
// set is empty, so return value showing not found
return -1;
else {
// calculate midpoint to cut set in half
int imid = (imin + imax) / 2;
// three-way comparison
if (a[imid] > key)
// key is in lower subset
return binSearch(a, imin, imid - 1, key);
else if (a[imid] < key)
// key is in upper subset
return binSearch(a, imid + 1, imax, key);
else
// key has been found
return imid;
}
}
public static int interpolationSearch(int[] sortedArray, int toFind, int low,
int high) {
if (sortedArray[low] == toFind)
return low;
// Returns index of toFind in sortedArray, or -1 if not found
int mid;
if (sortedArray[low] <= toFind && sortedArray[high] >= toFind) {
mid = low + ((toFind - sortedArray[low]) * (high - low))
/ (sortedArray[high] - sortedArray[low]); // out of range is
// possible here
if (sortedArray[mid] < toFind)
low = mid + 1;
else if (sortedArray[mid] > toFind)
// Repetition of the comparison code is forced by syntax
// limitations.
high = mid - 1;
else
return mid;
return interpolationSearch(sortedArray, toFind, low, high);
} else {
return -1;
}
}
}

Java BinarySearch

Can I get some help please? I have tried many methods to get this to work i got the array sorted and to print but after that my binary search function doesnt want to run and give me right results. It always gives me -1. Any help?
public class BinarySearch {
public static final int NOT_FOUND = -1;
public static int binarySearch(double[] a, double key) {
int low = 0;
int high = a.length -1;
int mid;
while (low<=high) {
mid = (low+high) /2;
if (mid > key)
high = mid -1;
else if (mid < key)
low = mid +1;
else
return mid;
}
return NOT_FOUND;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
double key = 10.5, index;
double a[] ={10,5,4,10.5,30.5};
int i;
int l = a.length;
int j;
System.out.println("The array currently looks like");
for (i=0; i<a.length; i++)
System.out.println(a[i]);
System.out.println("The array after sorting looks like");
for (j=1; j < l; j++) {
for (i=0; i < l-j; i++) {
if (a[i] > a[i+1]) {
double temp = a[i];
a[i] = a[i+1];
a[i+1] = temp;
}
}
}
for (i=0;i < l;i++) {
System.out.println(a[i]);
}
System.out.println("Found " + key + " at " + binarySearch(double a[], key));
}
}

you are not actually comparing with the array values. in
while (low <= high) {
mid = (low + high) / 2;
if (mid > key) {
high = mid - 1;
} else if (mid < key) {
low = mid + 1;
} else {
return mid;
}
}
Instead use this section
while (low <= high) {
mid = (low + high) / 2;
if (a[mid] > key) {
high = mid - 1;
} else if (a[mid] < key) {
low = mid + 1;
} else {
return mid;
}
}
You were correct to find the indexes, but what you were doing is that you were just comparing index number with your key, which is obviously incorrect. When you write a[mid] you will actually compare your key with the number which is at index mid.
Also the last line of code is giving compile error, it should be
System.out.println("Found " + key + " at " + binarySearch(a, key));

Here
if (mid > key)
high = mid -1;
else if (mid < key)
low = mid +1;
else
return mid;
You're comparing index to a value (key) in array. You should instead compare it to a[mid]
And,
System.out.println("Found " + key + " at " + binarySearch(double a[], key));
Should be
System.out.println("Found " + key + " at " + binarySearch(a, key));

public static double binarySearch(double[] a, double key) {
if (a.length == 0) {
return -1;
}
int low = 0;
int high = a.length-1;
while(low <= high) {
int middle = (low+high) /2;
if (b> a[middle]){
low = middle +1;
} else if (b< a[middle]){
high = middle -1;
} else { // The element has been found
return a[middle];
}
}
return -1;
}

int binarySearch(int list[], int lowIndex, int highIndex, int find)
{
if (highIndex>=lowIndex)
{
int mid = lowIndex + (highIndex - lowIndex)/2;
// If the element is present at the
// middle itself
if (list[mid] == find)
return mid;
// If element is smaller than mid, then
// it can only be present in left subarray
if (list[mid] > find)
return binarySearch(list, lowIndex, mid-1, find);
// Else the element can only be present
// in right subarray
return binarySearch(list, mid+1, highIndex, find);
}
// We reach here when element is not present
// in array
return -1;
}

I somehow find the iterative version not quite easy to read, recursion makes it nice and easy :-)
public class BinarySearch {
private static int binarySearchMain(int key, int[] arr, int start, int end) {
int middle = (end-start+1)/2 + start; //get index of the middle element of a particular array portion
if (arr[middle] == key) {
return middle;
}
if (key < arr[middle] && middle > 0) {
return binarySearchMain(key, arr, start, middle-1); //recurse lower half
}
if (key > arr[middle] && middle < arr.length-1) {
return binarySearchMain(key, arr, middle+1, end); //recurse higher half
}
return Integer.MAX_VALUE;
}
public static int binarySearch(int key, int[] arr) { //entry point here
return binarySearchMain(key, arr, 0, arr.length-1);
}
}

Here is a solution without heap. The same thing can be done in an array.
If we need to find 'k' largest numbers, we take an array of size 'k' populated with first k items from the main data source. Now, keep on reading an item, and place it in the result array, if it has a place.
public static void largestkNumbers() {
int k = 4; // find 4 largest numbers
int[] arr = {4,90,7,10,-5,34,98,1,2};
int[] result = new int[k];
//initial formation of elems
for (int i = 0; i < k; ++i) {
result[i] = arr[i];
}
Arrays.sort(result);
for ( int i = k; i < arr.length; ++i ) {
int index = binarySearch(result, arr[i]);
if (index > 0) {
// insert arr[i] at result[index] and remove result[0]
insertInBetweenArray(result, index, arr[i]);
}
}
}
public static void insertInBetweenArray(int[] arr, int index, int num) {
// insert num at arr[index] and remove arr[0]
for ( int i = 0 ; i < index; ++i ) {
arr[i] = arr[i+1];
}
arr[index-1] = num;
}
public static int binarySearch(int[] arr, int num) {
int lo = 0;
int hi = arr.length - 1;
int mid = -1;
while( lo <= hi ) {
mid = (lo+hi)/2;
if ( arr[mid] > num ) {
hi = mid-1;
} else if ( arr[mid] < num ) {
lo = mid+1;
} else {
return mid;
}
}
return mid;
}

int BinSearch(int[] array, int size, int value)
{
if(size == 0) return -1;
if(array[size-1] == value) return size-1;
if(array[0] == value) return 0;
if(size % 2 == 0) {
if(array[size-1] == value) return size-1;
BinSearch(array,size-1,value);
}
else
{
if(array[size/2] == value) return (size/2);
else if(array[size/2] > value) return BinSearch(array, (size/2)+1, value);
else if(array[size/2] < value) return (size/2)+BinSearch(array+size/2, size/2, value);
}
}
or
Binary Search in Array

/**
* Find whether 67 is a prime no
* Domain consists 25 of prime numbers
* Binary Search
*/
int primes[] = {2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47, 53, 59, 61, 67, 71, 73, 79, 83, 89, 97};
int min = 0,
mid,
max = primes.length,
key = 67,
count= 0;
boolean isFound = false;
while (!isFound) {
if (count < 6) {
mid = (min + max) / 2;
if (primes[mid] == key) {
isFound = true;
System.out.println("Found prime at: " + mid);
} else if (primes[mid] < key) {
min = mid + 1;
isFound = false;
} else if (primes[mid] > key) {
max = mid - 1;
isFound = false;
}
count++;
} else {
System.out.println("No such number");
isFound = true;
}
}

/**
HOPE YOU LIKE IT
A.K.A Binary Search
Take number array of 10 elements, input a number a check whether the number
is present:
**/
package array;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
class BinaryS
{
public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException
{
BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
System.out.print("Enter a number: ");
int n=Integer.parseInt(br.readLine());
int a[]={10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90,100};
int upper=a.length-1,lower=0,mid;
boolean found=false;
int pos=0;
while(lower<=upper)
{
mid=(upper+lower)/2;
if(n<a[mid])upper=mid-1;
else if(n>a[mid])lower=mid+1;
else
{
found=true;
pos=mid;
break;
}
}
if(found)System.out.println(n+" found at index "+pos);
else System.out.println(n+" not found in array");
}
}

Well I know I am posting this answer much later.
But according to me its always better to check boundary condition at first.
That will make your algorithm more efficient.
public static int binarySearch(int[] array, int element){
if(array == null || array.length == 0){ // validate array
return -1;
}else if(element<array[0] || element > array[array.length-1]){ // validate value our of range that to be search
return -1;
}else if(element == array[0]){ // if element present at very first element of array
return 0;
}else if(element == array[array.length-1]){ // if element present at very last element of array
return array.length-1;
}
int start = 0;
int end = array.length-1;
while (start<=end){
int midIndex = start + ((end-start)/2); // calculate midIndex
if(element < array[midIndex]){ // focus on left side of midIndex
end = midIndex-1;
}else if(element > array[midIndex]){// focus on right side of midIndex
start = midIndex+1;
}else {
return midIndex; // You are in luck :)
}
}
return -1; // better luck next time :(
}

static int binarySearchAlgorithm() {
// Array should be in sorted order. Mandatory requirement
int[] a = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10};
int lowIndex = 0;
int valueToFind = 8;
int highIndex = a.length - 1;
while (lowIndex <= highIndex) {
//Finding the midIndex;
int midIndex = (highIndex + lowIndex) / 2;
// Checking if midIndex value of array contains the value to be find.
if (a[midIndex] == valueToFind) {
return midIndex;
}
// Checking the mid Index value is less than the value to be find.
else if (a[midIndex] < valueToFind) {
// If Yes, changing the lowIndex value to midIndex value + 1;
lowIndex = midIndex + 1;
} else if (a[midIndex] > valueToFind) {
// If Yes, changing the highIndex value to midIndex value - 1;
highIndex = midIndex - 1;
} else {
return -1;
}
}
return -1;
}