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The button to Quit the game on my menu is not closing the game

I am trying to make a menu for a game and can't get the "quit" button to work. This is for a school project and I'm not the greatest at coding, I recently started using eclipse and still unfamiliar with many things in java. any help would be much appreciated.
Iv'e tried searching for a solution to the problem but cant find one.
package com.game.main;
import java.awt.Canvas;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.image.BufferStrategy;
public class Game extends Canvas implements Runnable{
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = -473349850293143017L;
public static final int WIDTH = 640, HEIGHT = WIDTH / 12 * 9;
private Thread thread;
private boolean running = false;
private Menu menu;
public enum STATE {
Menu,
Game
};
public STATE gameState = STATE.Menu;
public Game() {
this.addMouseListener(menu);
new Window(WIDTH, HEIGHT, "Learning About Animals", this);
//create handlerby replacing null: the actual game
menu = new Menu(this);
if(gameState == STATE.Game);
}
public synchronized void start() {
thread = new Thread (this);
thread.start();
running = true;
}
public synchronized void stop() {
try {
thread.join();
running = false;
}catch(Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void run(){
long lastTime = System.nanoTime();
double amountOfTicks = 60.0;
double ns = 1000000000 / amountOfTicks;
double delta = 0;
long timer = System.currentTimeMillis();
int frames = 0;
while(running){
long now = System.nanoTime();
delta += (now - lastTime) / ns;
lastTime = now;
while(delta >= 1){
tick();
delta--;
}
if(running)
render();
frames++;
if(System.currentTimeMillis() - timer > 1000){
timer += 1000;
System.out.println("FPS: " + frames);
frames = 0;
}
}
stop();
}
private void render(){
BufferStrategy bs = this.getBufferStrategy();
if (bs == null){
this.createBufferStrategy(3);
return;
}
Graphics g = bs.getDrawGraphics();
//changes colour
g.setColor(Color.green);
g.fillRect(0, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
if(gameState == STATE.Game)
{
hud.render(g);
}else if(gameState == STATE.Menu) {
menu.render(g);
}
g.dispose();
bs.show();
}
private void tick(){
if(gameState == STATE.Game)
{
hud.tick();
}else if(gameState == STATE.Menu) {
menu.tick();
}
}
public static void main(String args[]) {
new Game();
}
}
package com.game.main;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import com.game.main.Game.STATE;
public class Menu extends MouseAdapter{
private Game game;
public Menu(Game game) {
this.game = game;
}
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e){
int mx = e.getX();
int my = e.getY();
//play button
if (mouseOver(mx, my, 210, 150 ,200, 64)) {
game.gameState = STATE.Game;
}
//Quit button
if (mouseOver(mx, my, 210, 350 ,200, 64)) {
System.exit(1);
}
}
public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {
}
private boolean mouseOver(int mx, int my, int x, int y, int width, int
height) {
if(mx > x && mx < x + width) {
if(my > y && my < y + height) {
return true;
}else return false;
}else return false;
}
public void tick() {
}
public void render(Graphics g) {
Font fnt = new Font("arial", 1, 50);
Font fnt2 = new Font("arial", 1, 30);
g.setFont(fnt);
g.setColor(Color.white);
g.drawString("MENU", 240, 70);
g.setFont(fnt2);
g.drawRect(210, 150, 200, 64);
g.drawString("PLAY", 270, 190);
g.setFont(fnt2);
g.drawRect(210, 250, 200, 64);
g.drawString("HELP", 270, 290);
g.setFont(fnt2);
g.drawRect(210, 350, 200, 64);
g.drawString("QUIT", 270, 390);
}
}
Looking for help to get my exit button working Im getting something saying source not found for MouseAdapter class.

Java - MouseListener Does Not Work

I have been trying to create a functional button for a basic Java game, but whenever I click on the screen (literally anywhere within or out of the parameters I have), there is no function in my game. I am trying to figure out where I have my conflict that the mouse event is not working. I have double and triple checked almost everything and I cannot find the issue. I included the Game Class and Menu class but if the other Classes are needed I will post them. I also know that the code is most likely very sloppy and improper, but I am just learning and trying to teach myself some of the basics.
Is the problem with the "STATE" enum I created?
Can the issue be somewhere within the boolean mouseOver?
I am super confused and don't understand where exactly I am messing up on this. I want to be able to have the functionality I need for the game. Sorry if this is a really basic question or the code is horrible, I'll take any help you can offer.
package com.test.main;
import java.awt.Canvas;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.image.BufferStrategy;
import java.util.Random;
public class Game extends Canvas implements Runnable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 5348695609807625849L;
public static final int WIDTH = 640, HEIGHT = WIDTH / 12 * 9;
private Thread thread;
private boolean running = false;
private Random r;
private Handler handler;
private HUD hud;
private Spawn spawner;
private Menu menu;
public enum STATE {
Menu,
Game
};
public STATE gameState = STATE.Menu;
public Game(){
handler = new Handler();
menu = new Menu(this, handler);
this.addKeyListener(new KeyInput(handler));
this.addMouseListener(menu);
new Window(WIDTH, HEIGHT, "GafGin", this);
hud = new HUD();
spawner = new Spawn(handler, hud);
r = new Random();
if(gameState == STATE.Game) {
handler.addObject(new Player(WIDTH/2-32, HEIGHT/2-32, ID.Player, handler));
handler.addObject(new BasicEnemy(r.nextInt(Game.WIDTH - 50), r.nextInt(Game.HEIGHT - 50), ID.BasicEnemy, handler));
}
}
public synchronized void start() {
thread = new Thread(this);
thread.start();
running = true;
}
public synchronized void stop() {
try {
thread.join();
running = false;
}catch(Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void run() {
this.requestFocus();
long lastTime = System.nanoTime();
double amountOfTicks = 60.0;
double ns = 1000000000 / amountOfTicks;
double delta = 0;
long timer = System.currentTimeMillis();
int frames = 0;
while(running) {
long now = System.nanoTime();
delta += (now - lastTime) / ns;
lastTime = now;
while(delta >= 1) {
tick();
delta--;
gameOver();
}
if(running)
render();
frames++;
if(System.currentTimeMillis() - timer > 1000) {
timer+= 1000;
System.out.println("FPS: " + frames);
frames = 0;
}
}
stop();
}
private void tick() {
handler.tick();
if(gameState == STATE.Game) {
hud.tick();
spawner.tick();
}else if(gameState == STATE.Menu) {
menu.tick();
}
}
private void render() {
BufferStrategy bs = this.getBufferStrategy();
if(bs == null) {
this.createBufferStrategy(3);
return;
}
Graphics g = bs.getDrawGraphics();
g.setColor(Color.black);
g.fillRect(0, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
handler.render(g);
if(gameState == STATE.Game) {
hud.render(g);
}else if(gameState == STATE.Menu) {
menu.render(g);
}
g.dispose();
bs.show();
}
public static float clamp(float var, float min, float max) {
if(var >= max)
return (var = max);
else if(var <= min)
return (var = min);
else
return var;
}
public void gameOver() {
if(HUD.HEALTH <= 0) {
handler.endGame();
}
checkRunning();
}
public void checkRunning() {
if(Handler.getGameEnded() == true) {
running = false;
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Game();
}
}
package com.test.main;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.util.Random;
import com.test.main.Game.STATE;
public class Menu extends MouseAdapter{
private Game game;
private Handler handler;
private Random r = new Random();
public Menu(Game game, Handler handler) {
this.game = game;
this.handler = handler;
}
public void MousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
int mx = e.getX();
int my = e.getY();
if(mouseOver(mx, my, (Game.WIDTH / 2) - 140, (Game.HEIGHT / 2) - 64, 250, 64)){
game.gameState = STATE.Game;
handler.addObject(new Player(Game.WIDTH/2-32, Game.HEIGHT/2-32, ID.Player, handler));
handler.addObject(new BasicEnemy(r.nextInt(Game.WIDTH - 50), r.nextInt(Game.HEIGHT - 50), ID.BasicEnemy, handler));
}
if(mouseOver(mx, my, 100, 100, 250, 64)) {
game.gameState = STATE.Game;
handler.addObject(new Player(Game.WIDTH/2-32, Game.HEIGHT/2-32, ID.Player, handler));
handler.addObject(new BasicEnemy(r.nextInt(Game.WIDTH - 50), r.nextInt(Game.HEIGHT - 50), ID.BasicEnemy, handler));
}
}
public void MouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {
}
private boolean mouseOver(int mx, int my, int x, int y, int width, int height) {
if(mx > x && mx < x + width) {
if(my > y && my < y + height) {
return true;
}else return false;
}else return false;
}
public void tick() {
}
public void render(Graphics g) {
Font fnt = new Font("arial", 1, 50);
Font fnt2 = new Font("arial", 1, 30);
g.setColor(Color.white);
g.drawRect(100, 100, 250, 64);
g.setFont(fnt);
g.setColor(Color.white);
g.drawString("Menu", (Game.WIDTH / 2) - 85, (Game.HEIGHT / 2) - 124);
g.setFont(fnt2);
g.setColor(Color.white);
g.drawRect((Game.WIDTH / 2) - 140, (Game.HEIGHT / 2) - 64, 250, 64);
g.drawString("Play", (Game.WIDTH / 2) - 52, (Game.HEIGHT / 2) - 22);
g.setColor(Color.white);
g.drawRect((Game.WIDTH / 2) - 140, (Game.HEIGHT / 2), 250, 64);
g.drawString("Quit", (Game.WIDTH / 2) - 52, (Game.HEIGHT / 2) + 42);
g.setColor(Color.white);
g.drawRect((Game.WIDTH / 2) - 140, (Game.HEIGHT / 2) + 64, 250, 64);
g.drawString("Help", (Game.WIDTH / 2) - 52, (Game.HEIGHT / 2) + 106);
}
}

Make circles randomly dis/appear & change color using Swing Timer

So I'm making a game where you jump on rocks and you must not jump on rock which is covered by water. I'm stuck at the part where rocks (circles) randomly disappear in water and randomly appear and around 1.5 seconds before they disappear make it change color. I think its best to use javax.swing.Timer.
Could you help me achieve that?
Here is my code so far:
Main class:
import java.awt.Canvas;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Menu;
import java.awt.Window;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.image.BufferStrategy;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.swing.Timer;
public class Game extends Canvas implements Runnable{
private static final long serialVersionUID = -7800496711589684767L;
public static final int WIDTH = 640, HEIGHT = WIDTH / 12 * 9;
private Thread thread;
private boolean running = false;
private Random r;
private Handler handler;
//private HUD hud;
private Menu menu;
public enum STATE {
Menu,
Help,
Game
};
public STATE gameState = STATE.Menu;
public Game() {
handler = new Handler();
menu = new Menu(this, handler);
this.addKeyListener(new KeyInput(handler));
this.addMouseListener(menu);
new Window(WIDTH, HEIGHT, "My game", this);
//hud = new HUD();
r = new Random();
//if(gameState == STATE.Game) {
if(gameState == STATE.Game) { //handler.addObject(new Player(100, 200, ID.Player));
}
//handler.addObject(new Player(100, 200, ID.Player));
//handler.addObject(new BasicEnemy(100, 200, ID.BasicEnemy));
}
public synchronized void start() {
thread = new Thread(this);
thread.start();
running = true;
}
public synchronized void stop() {
try {
thread.join();
running = false;
}catch(Exception ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); }
}
public void run()
{
this.requestFocus();
long lastTime = System.nanoTime();
double amountOfTicks = 60.0;
double ns = 1000000000 / amountOfTicks;
double delta = 0;
long timer = System.currentTimeMillis();
int frames = 0;
while(running)
{
long now = System.nanoTime();
delta += (now - lastTime) / ns;
lastTime = now;
while(delta >=1)
{
tick();
delta--;
}
if(running)
render();
frames++;
if(System.currentTimeMillis() - timer > 1000)
{
timer += 1000;
//System.out.println("FPS: "+ frames);
frames = 0;
}
}
stop();
}
private void tick() {
handler.tick();
//hud.tick();
if(gameState == STATE.Game) {
Random r = new Random();
long now = System.currentTimeMillis();
int b = 0;
//System.out.println(now);
long extraSeconds = 500;
}else if(gameState == STATE.Menu) {
menu.tick();
}
}
private void render() {
BufferStrategy bs = this.getBufferStrategy();
if(bs == null) {
this.createBufferStrategy(3);
return;
}
Graphics g = bs.getDrawGraphics();
long now = System.currentTimeMillis();
g.setColor(new Color(87, 124, 212));
g.fillRect(0, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
if(gameState == STATE.Game) {
g.setColor(new Color(209, 155, 29));
for(int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
g.fillOval(80 + (100 * i), 325, 70, 20);
}
if(gameState == STATE.Game) {
}else if(gameState == STATE.Menu || gameState == STATE.Help){
menu.render(g);
}
handler.render(g);
if(gameState == STATE.Game) {
}
//hud.render(g);
g.dispose();
bs.show();
}
public static int clamp(int var, int min, int max) {
if(var >= max)
return var = max;
else if(var <= max)
return var = min;
else
return var;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Game();
}
}
GameObject class:
package com.pitcher654.main;
import java.awt.Graphics;
public abstract class GameObject {
protected static int x, y;
protected ID id;
protected int velX, velY;
public GameObject(int x, int y, ID id) {
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
this.id = id;
}
public abstract void tick();
public abstract void render(Graphics g);
public void setX(int x) {
this.x = x;
}
public void setY(int y) {
this.y = y;
}
public int getX() {
return x;
}
public int getY() {
return y;
}
public void setID(ID id) {
this.id = id;
}
public ID getID() {
return id;
}
public void setVelX(int velX) {
this.velX = velX;
}
public void setVelY(int velY) {
this.velY = velY;
}
public int getVelX() {
return velX;
}
public int getVelY() {
return velY;
}
}
Handler class:
package com.pitcher654.main;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.util.LinkedList;
public class Handler {
LinkedList<GameObject> object = new LinkedList<GameObject>();
public void tick() {
for(int i = 0; i < object.size(); i++) {
GameObject tempObject = object.get( i );
tempObject.tick();
}
}
public void render(Graphics g) {
for(int i = 0; i < object.size(); i++) {
GameObject tempObject = object.get(i);
tempObject.render(g);
}
}
public void addObject(GameObject object) {
this.object.add(object);
}
public void removeObject(GameObject object) {
this.object.remove(object);
}
}
ID class:
package com.pitcher654.main;
public enum ID {
Player(),
Player2(),
BasicEnemy(),
Misc();
}
KeyInput class:
package com.pitcher654.main;
import java.awt.event.KeyAdapter;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
public class KeyInput extends KeyAdapter{
private Handler handler;
public KeyInput(Handler handler) {
this.handler = handler;
}
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
int key = e.getKeyCode();
for(int i = 0; i < handler.object.size(); i++) {
GameObject tempObject = handler.object.get(i);
if(tempObject.getID() == ID.Player) {
//kez events for Player 1
//GameObject object = new GameObject(0, 0, ID.Misc);
//System.out.println(tempObject.getID());
if(GameObject.x != 500) {
if(key == KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT) {
Player.currentStone++;
tempObject.setX(tempObject.getX() + 100);
}
}
if(GameObject.x != 100){
if(key == KeyEvent.VK_LEFT) {
Player.currentStone--;
tempObject.setX(tempObject.getX() - 100);
}
}
}
}
if(key == KeyEvent.VK_ESCAPE) System.exit(1);
}
public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {
int key = e.getKeyCode();
}
}
Menu class:
package com.pitcher654.main;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import com.pitcher654.main.Game.STATE;
public class Menu extends MouseAdapter{
private Game game;
private Handler handler;
private GameObject Player;
public Menu(Game game, Handler handler) {
this.game = game;
this.handler = handler;
}
public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {
int mx = e.getX();
int my = e.getY();
if(game.gameState == STATE.Menu) {
//play 1 button
if(mouseOver(mx, my, (Game.WIDTH - 250) / 2, 150, 250, 64)) {
game.gameState = STATE.Game;
handler.addObject(new Player(100, 200, ID.Player));
//handler.addObject(new BasicEnemy(0, 0, ID.BasicEnemy));
}
//Instructions button
if(mouseOver(mx, my, (Game.WIDTH - 250) / 2, 250, 250, 64)) {
game.gameState = STATE.Help;
}
//Quit button
if(mouseOver(mx, my, (Game.WIDTH - 250) / 2, 350, 250, 64)) {
System.exit(1);
}
}
//Bacl to menu in game button
if(game.gameState == STATE.Help) {
if(mouseOver(mx, my, 23, 395, 100, 32)) {
game.gameState = STATE.Menu;
//handler.object.remove(Player);
}
}
}
public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {
}
private boolean mouseOver(int mx, int my, int x, int y, int width, int height) {
if(mx > x && mx < x + width) {
if(my > y && my < y + height) {
return true;
}else return false;
}else return false;
}
public void tick() {
}
public void render(Graphics g) {
if(game.gameState == STATE.Menu) {
Font fnt = new Font("Trebuchet MS", 30, 15);
g.setColor(new Color(87, 124, 212));
g.fillRect(0, 0, game.WIDTH, game.HEIGHT);
g.setColor(Color.white);
g.setFont(new Font("Papyrus", 1, 50));
g.drawString("Price iz davnine", (Game.WIDTH - 250) / 2 - 50, 70);
g.drawRect((Game.WIDTH - 250) / 2, 150, 250, 64);
g.drawRect((Game.WIDTH - 250) / 2, 250, 250, 64);
g.drawRect((Game.WIDTH - 250) / 2, 350, 250, 64);
g.setFont(new Font("Trebuchet MS", 5000, 20));
g.drawString("Play", (Game.WIDTH - 250) / 2 + 110, 190);
g.setFont(fnt);
g.drawString("How to Play", (Game.WIDTH - 250) / 2 + 85, 290);
g.drawString("Quit", (Game.WIDTH - 250) / 2 + 105, 390);
}else if(game.gameState == STATE.Help) {
g.setColor(Color.white);
g.setFont(new Font("Papyrus", 1, 50));
g.drawString("How to play", (Game.WIDTH - 250) / 2 - 50, 70);
g.setFont(new Font("Trebuchetr MS", 30, 10));
g.drawRect(23, 395, 100, 32);
g.setColor(Color.black);
g.drawString("Back to Menu", 33, 415);
}
}
}
Player class:
package com.pitcher654.main;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.swing.Timer;
import com.pitcher654.main.Game.STATE;
public class Player extends GameObject {
Random r = new Random();
public static int currentStone = 1;
public Player(int x, int y, ID id) {
super(x, y, id);
//velX = r.nextInt(5) + 1;
//velY = r.nextInt(5);
}
public void tick() {
x += velX;
y += velY;
//System.out.println(x);
//if(x == 500) x = 500;
}
public void render(Graphics g) {
if(id == ID.Player) g.setColor(Color.white);
g.fillRect(x, y, 32, 32);
g.drawLine(x + 15, y, x + 15, y + 100);
g.drawLine(x + 15, y + 100, x, y + 135);
g.drawLine(x + 15, y + 100, x + 33, y + 135);
g.drawLine(x + 15, y + 70, x - 35, y + 30);
g.drawLine(x + 15, y + 70, x + 65, y + 30);
/*if(game.gameState == STATE.Menu) {
g.setColor(new Color(87, 124, 212));
g.fillRect(0, 0, Game.WIDTH, Game.HEIGHT);
}*/
}
}
And window class:
package com.pitcher654.main;
import java.awt.Canvas;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URL;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
public class Window extends Canvas{
private static final long serialVersionUID = 9086330915853125521L;
BufferedImage image = null;
URL url = null;
public Window(int width, int height, String title, Game game) {
JFrame frame = new JFrame(title);
try {
image = ImageIO.read(new URL("https://static.wixstatic.com/media/95c249_b887de2536aa48cb962e2336919d2693.png/v1/fill/w_600,h_480,al_c,usm_0.66_1.00_0.01/95c249_b887de2536aa48cb962e2336919d2693.png"));
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
frame.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(width, height));
frame.setMaximumSize(new Dimension(width, height));
frame.setMinimumSize(new Dimension(width, height));
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setResizable(false);
frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
frame.add(game);
frame.setIconImage(image);
//DrawingPanel panel = new DrawingPanel();
//frame.getContentPane().add(panel);
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.requestFocus();
game.start();
}
public class DrawingPanel extends JPanel {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -7662876024842980779L;
public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
g.setColor(new Color(209, 155, 29));
g.fillOval(100, 100, 100, 100);
}
}
}

Based on you code, a Swing Timer isn't what you want. You already have a "game/main" loop which should be updating the current state of the game on each cycle and rendering it, you simply need to devise a means by which you can create a "rock", with a given life span, each time it's rendered, it needs to check if it's life span is nearly over and have it removed when it dies.
The rock is really just another entity in your game, which can be updated and rendered.
import java.awt.Canvas;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Component;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.event.ComponentAdapter;
import java.awt.image.BufferStrategy;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;
import javax.swing.UIManager;
import javax.swing.UnsupportedLookAndFeelException;
public class RockyRoad {
public static void main(String[] args) {
new RockyRoad();
}
public RockyRoad() {
EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
#Override
public void run() {
try {
UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName());
} catch (ClassNotFoundException | InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
JFrame frame = new JFrame("Testing");
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.add(new Game());
frame.pack();
frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
});
}
public static class Game extends Canvas implements Runnable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -7800496711589684767L;
public static final int WIDTH = 640, HEIGHT = WIDTH / 12 * 9;
private Thread thread;
private boolean running = false;
private Random rnd;
private List<Entity> entities = new ArrayList<>(25);
public enum STATE {
Menu,
Help,
Game
};
public STATE gameState = STATE.Game;
public Game() {
rnd = new Random();
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
#Override
public void run() {
start();
}
});
}
#Override
public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
return new Dimension(WIDTH, HEIGHT);
}
public synchronized void start() {
thread = new Thread(this);
thread.start();
running = true;
}
public synchronized void stop() {
try {
thread.join();
running = false;
} catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void run() {
this.requestFocus();
long lastTime = System.nanoTime();
double amountOfTicks = 60.0;
double ns = 1000000000 / amountOfTicks;
double delta = 0;
long timer = System.currentTimeMillis();
int frames = 0;
while (running) {
long now = System.nanoTime();
delta += (now - lastTime) / ns;
lastTime = now;
while (delta >= 1) {
tick();
delta--;
}
if (running) {
update();
render();
}
frames++;
if (System.currentTimeMillis() - timer > 1000) {
timer += 1000;
//System.out.println("FPS: "+ frames);
frames = 0;
}
}
stop();
}
private void tick() {
//hud.tick();
}
protected void update() {
if (gameState == STATE.Game) {
if (rnd.nextBoolean()) {
System.out.println("New...");
int x = rnd.nextInt(getWidth() - Rock.SIZE);
int y = rnd.nextInt(getHeight() - Rock.SIZE);
int lifeSpan = 4000 + rnd.nextInt(6000);
entities.add(new Rock(lifeSpan, x, y));
}
List<Entity> toRemove = new ArrayList<>(entities.size());
List<Entity> control = Collections.unmodifiableList(entities);
for (Entity entity : entities) {
if (entity.update(control, this) == EntityAction.REMOVE) {
System.out.println("Die...");
toRemove.add(entity);
}
}
entities.removeAll(toRemove);
}
}
private void render() {
BufferStrategy bs = this.getBufferStrategy();
if (bs == null) {
this.createBufferStrategy(3);
return;
}
Graphics2D g = (Graphics2D) bs.getDrawGraphics();
long now = System.currentTimeMillis();
g.setColor(new Color(87, 124, 212));
g.fillRect(0, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
if (gameState == STATE.Game) {
g.setColor(new Color(209, 155, 29));
if (gameState == STATE.Game) {
for (Entity entity : entities) {
entity.render(g, this);
}
}
g.dispose();
bs.show();
}
}
public static int clamp(int var, int min, int max) {
if (var >= max) {
return var = max;
} else if (var <= max) {
return var = min;
} else {
return var;
}
}
}
public interface Renderable {
public void render(Graphics2D g2d, Component parent);
}
public enum EntityAction {
NONE,
REMOVE;
}
public interface Entity extends Renderable {
// In theory, you'd pass the game model which would determine
// all the information the entity really needed
public EntityAction update(List<Entity> entities, Component parent);
}
public static class Rock implements Renderable, Entity {
protected static final int SIZE = 20;
private int lifeSpan;
private long birthTime;
private int x, y;
public Rock(int lifeSpan, int x, int y) {
if (lifeSpan <= 1500) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Life span for a rock can not be less then or equal to 1.5 seconds");
}
this.lifeSpan = lifeSpan;
birthTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
this.x = x;
this.y = y;
}
#Override
public void render(Graphics2D g2d, Component parent) {
long age = System.currentTimeMillis() - birthTime;
if (age < lifeSpan) {
if (age < lifeSpan - 1500) {
g2d.setColor(Color.BLUE);
} else {
g2d.setColor(Color.RED);
}
g2d.fillOval(x, y, SIZE, SIZE);
}
}
#Override
public EntityAction update(List<Entity> entities, Component parent) {
EntityAction action = EntityAction.NONE;
long age = System.currentTimeMillis() - birthTime;
System.out.println("Age = " + age + "; lifeSpan = " + lifeSpan);
if (age >= lifeSpan) {
action = EntityAction.REMOVE;
}
return action;
}
}
}

Java: Place an Image over a shape

I have been working on a simple Java game and have done so successfully using shapes, but the next big step is to do so using images. I was wondering whether there was a method where I could simply place an image over a shape such as a rectangle, which would make the process much easier and doesn't require me to re-write most of my code.
Here's the two classes of my game for reference:
The first class named "Flappy Bird"
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Rectangle;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.event.MouseListener;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.Timer;
public class FlappyBird implements ActionListener, MouseListener, KeyListener {
public static FlappyBird flappyBird;
public final int WIDTH = 800, HEIGHT = 800;
public Renderer renderer;
public Rectangle bird;
public ArrayList<Rectangle> columns;
public int ticks, yMotion, score;
public boolean gameOver, started;
public Random rand;
public FlappyBird() {
JFrame jframe = new JFrame();
Timer timer = new Timer(20, this);
renderer = new Renderer();
rand = new Random();
jframe.add(renderer);
jframe.setTitle("Flappy Bird");
jframe.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
jframe.setSize(WIDTH, HEIGHT);
jframe.addMouseListener(this);
jframe.addKeyListener(this);
jframe.setResizable(false);
jframe.setVisible(true);
bird = new Rectangle(WIDTH / 2 - 10, HEIGHT / 2 - 10, 20, 20);
columns = new ArrayList<Rectangle>();
addColumn(true);
addColumn(true);
addColumn(true);
addColumn(true);
timer.start();
}
public void addColumn(boolean start) {
int space = 300;
int width = 100;
int height = 50 + rand.nextInt(300);
if (start) {
columns.add(new Rectangle(WIDTH + width + columns.size() * 300, HEIGHT - height - 120, width, height));
columns.add(new Rectangle(WIDTH + width + (columns.size() - 1) * 300, 0, width, HEIGHT - height - space));
} else {
columns.add(new Rectangle(columns.get(columns.size() - 1).x + 600, HEIGHT - height - 120, width, height));
columns.add(new Rectangle(columns.get(columns.size() - 1).x, 0, width, HEIGHT - height - space));
}
}
public void paintColumn(Graphics g, Rectangle column) {
g.setColor(Color.green.darker());
g.fillRect(column.x, column.y, column.width, column.height);
}
public void jump() {
if (gameOver) {
bird = new Rectangle(WIDTH / 2 - 10, HEIGHT / 2 - 10, 20, 20);
columns.clear();
yMotion = 0;
score = 0;
addColumn(true);
addColumn(true);
addColumn(true);
addColumn(true);
gameOver = false;
}
if (!started)
started = true;
else if (!gameOver) {
if (yMotion > 0)
yMotion = 0;
yMotion -= 10;
}
}
#Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
int speed = 10;
ticks++;
if (started) {
for (int i = 0; i < columns.size(); i++) {
Rectangle column = columns.get(i);
column.x -= speed;
}
if (ticks % 2 == 0 && yMotion < 15)
yMotion += 2;
for (int i = 0; i < columns.size(); i++) {
Rectangle column = columns.get(i);
if (column.x + column.width < 0) {
columns.remove(column);
if (column.y == 0)
addColumn(false);
}
}
bird.y += yMotion;
for (Rectangle column : columns) {
if (column.y == 0 && bird.x + bird.width / 2 > column.x + column.width / 2 - 10 && bird.x + bird.width / 2 < column.x + column.width / 2 + 10) {
score++;
}
if (column.intersects(bird)) {
gameOver = true;
if (bird.x <= column.x)
bird.x = column.x - bird.width;
else
if (column.y != 0)
bird.y = column.y - bird.height;
else if (bird.y < column.height)
bird.y = column.height;
}
}
if (bird.y > HEIGHT - 120 || bird.y < 0)
gameOver = true;
if (bird.y + yMotion >= HEIGHT - 120) {
bird.y = HEIGHT - 120 - bird.height;
gameOver = true;
}
}
renderer.repaint();
}
public void repaint(Graphics g) {
g.setColor(Color.cyan);
g.fillRect(0, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
g.setColor(Color.orange);
g.fillRect(0, HEIGHT - 120, WIDTH, 120);
g.setColor(Color.green);
g.fillRect(0, HEIGHT - 120, WIDTH, 20);
g.setColor(Color.red);
g.fillRect(bird.x, bird.y, bird.width, bird.height);
for (Rectangle column : columns)
paintColumn(g, column);
g.setColor(Color.white);
g.setFont(new Font("Arial", 1, 100));
if (!started)
g.drawString("Click to start!", 75, HEIGHT / 2 - 50);
if (gameOver)
g.drawString("Game Over!", 100, HEIGHT / 2 - 50);
if (!gameOver && started)
g.drawString(String.valueOf(score), WIDTH / 2 - 25, 100);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
flappyBird = new FlappyBird();
}
#Override
public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {
jump();
}
#Override
public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {
if (e.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.VK_SPACE)
jump();
}
#Override
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e){
}
#Override
public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {
}
#Override
public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e) {
}
#Override
public void mouseExited(MouseEvent e){
}
#Override
public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {
}
#Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
}
}
The second class named "Renderer":
import java.awt.Graphics;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
public class Renderer extends JPanel {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
#Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
FlappyBird.flappyBird.repaint(g);
}
}
I know this is a massive ask and I would like to give a HUGE thank you to everyone who replies and to the wonderful community here :-)

Calling one class from another when action performed

I have this game/test class of an flappy bird example, and i have a Login Screen, upon clicking a JButton "loggin" in this screen class i would like to call the flappyBird class Below.
I have Tried something like this but with no luck
if(event == jButtonLogin){
this.dispose();
FlappyBird bird = new FlappyBird();
bird.setVisible();
//since it has Jframe in it i though this logic would work.
IF someone can point me the right way please
public class FlappyBird implements ActionListener, MouseListener, KeyListener {
//private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public static FlappyBird flappyBird; //creating a static flappybird so it can be acessed within main
public final int WIDTH = 800, HEIGHT = 600; //scren size of the game
public int highScore = 0;
public Renderer renderer;
public Random rand;
public Rectangle bird;
public int ticks, yMotion, score; //bird movement
public boolean gameOver, started;
public ArrayList<Rectangle> columns; //arrrayList of Recatangles names column
public FlappyBird()
{
JFrame jframe = new JFrame(); //main frame of game
Timer timer = new Timer(20,this);
renderer = new Renderer();
rand = new Random();
jframe.setSize(WIDTH, HEIGHT);
jframe.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
jframe.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
// jframe.setResizable(false);
jframe.setVisible(true);
jframe.addMouseListener(this);
jframe.addKeyListener(this);
jframe.setTitle("FlappyTest");
jframe.add(renderer); //need to create what were rendering
bird = new Rectangle(50 - 10,HEIGHT/2 - 10,20,20);
columns = new ArrayList<Rectangle>();
addColumn(true);
addColumn(true);
addColumn(true);
addColumn(true);
timer.start();
}
public void addColumn(boolean start){
int space = 350;
int width = 100;
int height = 50 + rand.nextInt(300); // height of column //minum = 50 // and talles being random at 300
if (start) //if first pipes
{
columns.add(new Rectangle(WIDTH + width + columns.size() * 200, HEIGHT - height - 100, width, height)); //top pipe
columns.add(new Rectangle(WIDTH + width + (columns.size() - 1) * 200, 0, width, HEIGHT - height - space)); // bot pipe
}
else
{
columns.add(new Rectangle(columns.get(columns.size() - 1).x + 300, HEIGHT - height - 100, width, height)); //top pipe
columns.add(new Rectangle(columns.get(columns.size() - 1).x, 0, width, HEIGHT - height - space)); //bot pipe
}
}
public void paintColumn(Graphics g, Rectangle column) //passing theses two vriable on the method
{
g.setColor(Color.green); //darker()
g.fillRect(column.x, column.y, column.width, column.height);
}
public void jump()
{
if(gameOver)
{
bird = new Rectangle(50 - 10,HEIGHT/2 - 10,20,20);
columns.clear();
yMotion = 0;
score = 0;
addColumn(true);
addColumn(true);
addColumn(true);
addColumn(true);
gameOver = false;
}
if(!started)
{
started = true;
}
else if(!gameOver)
{
if (yMotion > 0)
{
yMotion = 0;
}
yMotion -=15;
}
}
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) //action being performed on the timer (20,THIS)
{
int speed = 10; //columns speed
ticks++; //keeping count of each tick of the bird
if(started)
{
for(int i = 0;i < columns.size(); i++)
{
Rectangle column = columns.get(i);
column.x -= speed;
}
if(ticks % 2 == 0 && yMotion < 15)
{
yMotion += 2;
}
for(int i = 0;i < columns.size(); i++) // for the whole columns ArrayList
{
Rectangle column = columns.get(i); // grab column at whichever i postion
if(column.x + column.y < 0) // column x.y less than 0
{
columns.remove(column); //remove that current column
if(column.y == 0) //if the column.y == 0 when it turns 0 and you have no more starting columns
{
addColumn(false); // you add the other columns false // infinite loop
}
}
}
bird.y += yMotion;
for(Rectangle column : columns)
{ // FOR EACH RECTANGLE column IN COLUMNS
if(column.y == 0 && bird.x + bird.width / 2 > column.x + column.width / 2 - 10 && bird.x + bird.width / 2 < column.x + column.width / 2 + 10)
{
score++;
}
if(column.intersects(bird))
{ //colision detection with pipes
gameOver = true;
if(bird.x < column.x)
{
bird.x = column.x - bird.width;
}
else
{
if(column.y != 0){ //if its not the top column
bird.y = column.y - bird.height;
}
else if(bird.y < column.height)
{
bird.y = column.height;
}
}
}
}
if(bird.y > HEIGHT - 100) // if the Y becomes greater then the ground or if its less than 0
{
gameOver = true;
}
if(bird.y + yMotion >= HEIGHT - 120)
bird.y = HEIGHT - 100 - bird.height;
}
renderer.repaint(); //EVERY 20 WE CALL REPAINT USING THE RENDERER TO UPDATE IT+
}
public void repaint(Graphics g) //MAIN SCREEN REPAINT
{
//System.out.println("Teste");
System.out.println(bird.y);
g.setColor(Color.BLACK); //bground of the screen
g.fillRect(0,0,WIDTH,HEIGHT);
g.setColor(Color.BLUE); //blue line
g.drawLine(0, HEIGHT-100, WIDTH, HEIGHT-100);
g.setColor(Color.WHITE); //White Screen
g.fillRect(0,HEIGHT-98,WIDTH, HEIGHT-100);
g.setColor(Color.WHITE); //adding bird component
g.fillRect(bird.x,bird.y,bird.width,bird.height);
for (Rectangle column : columns)
{
paintColumn(g, column);
}
g.setColor(Color.RED);
g.setFont(new Font("Arial",1,100));
if(!started)
{
g.drawString("Click to Start!", 75, HEIGHT / 2 - 50);
}
if(gameOver)
{
g.drawString("GAME OVER!", 75, HEIGHT / 2 - 50);
if(score > highScore){
highScore = score;
}
}
if(!gameOver && started)
{
g.drawString(String.valueOf(score),WIDTH/2-25, 100);
}
g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
g.setFont(new Font("Arial",1,20));
g.drawString("High Score : " + highScore, 10, 50);
}
public static void main(String[] args)
{
flappyBird = new FlappyBird(); // creating a new instance of flappybird
}
#Override
public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent arg0)
{
jump();
}
#Override
public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent arg0)
{
}
#Override
public void mouseExited(MouseEvent arg0)
{
}
#Override
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent arg0)
{
}
#Override
public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent arg0)
{
}
#Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e)
{
if(e.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.VK_SPACE)
{
jump();
}
}
#Override
public void keyReleased(KeyEvent arg0)
{
}
#Override
public void keyTyped(KeyEvent arg0)
{
}
}

Consider looking into layout managers to achieve the behavior of a state-based game.
Ex: In your main method, rather than calling new FlappyBird() you would instead call something like new Login().
Be careful in the creation of the Login object - you don't want to necessarily reinvent the wheel by "opening" and creating a second JFrame (an undesirable band-aid solution can be done by hiding JFrames but that isn't what you want).
Instead, as MadProgrammer hinted at - Layout managers can instantly allow your application swap environments. Some retooling is in order to accomplish this design, but overall it is more modular, scalable (if you want to include an options page), and more OOP-oriented.
Ultimately, from the Login object, the user will be able to click a button that swaps the Layout to the Play Layout (which is where all of your FlappyBird stuff is).