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Spring WebFlux Test Throwing "IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext" Exception

I created a simple Spring WebFlux REST api and I wanted to write test cases to test it end to end (No mocking).
But it is throwing error message.
Here are my classes.
Rest Controller Class
#RestController
#RequestMapping("/users")
public class UsersController {
private final UserService userService;
#Autowired
public UserController(UserService userService) {
this.userService = userService;
}
#RequestMapping(path = "list")
public Mono<ResponseEntity> getusersList() {
return userService.getusers();
}
Rest Controller Test Class
#RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
#WebFluxTest
public class UserControllerTestIT {
#Mock
private UserService userService;
#Autowired
private WebTestClient webTestClient;
#Test
public void testApplicationsList() {
this.webTestClient
.get()
.uri("/users/list")
.exchange();
}
}
But I'm getting the following error message. How to fix the issue ?
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:125)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:108)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:118)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:83)
at org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.SpringBootDependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(SpringBootDependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:43)
at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:246)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:227)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:289)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:291)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:246)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:97)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:190)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:68)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:47)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:242)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:70)

If you are running a test with SpringRunner.class then you need to use #MockBean instead of #Mock.
Please refer to the spring boot documentation
#RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
#WebFluxTest
public class UserControllerTestIT {
#MockBean
private UserService userService;
#Autowired
private WebTestClient webTestClient;
#Test
public void testApplicationsList() {
this.webTestClient
.get()
.uri("/users/list")
.exchange();
}
}
Also,#WebFluxTest is used in combination with #MockBean or #Import to create any collaborators required by your #Controller beans.

UnsatisfiedDependencyException using #DataJpaTest with SpringBoot

I am using SpringBoot and I have a DataJpaTest, but when I run the Test class, I get this StackTrace:
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:124)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:83)
at org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.SpringBootDependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(SpringBootDependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:47)
at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:230)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:228)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:287)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:289)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:247)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:94)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:191)
at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:68)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:51)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:237)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:70)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:147)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'restTemplate' defined in br.com.mobtrack.api.MobTrackApplication: Unsatisfied dependency expressed through method 'restTemplate' parameter 0; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'org.springframework.boot.web.client.RestTemplateBuilder' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:749)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(ConstructorResolver.java:467)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1134)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1028)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:513)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:483)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:306)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:302)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:197)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:759)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:866)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:542)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:761)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:371)
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:315)
at org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootContextLoader.loadContext(SpringBootContextLoader.java:111)
at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContextInternal(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:98)
at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:116)
... 28 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'org.springframework.boot.web.client.RestTemplateBuilder' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoMatchingBeanFound(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1474)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1102)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1064)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.resolveAutowiredArgument(ConstructorResolver.java:835)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.ConstructorResolver.createArgumentArray(ConstructorResolver.java:741)
I think this happens because I have a RestTemplate bean inside my Application class like this:
#SpringBootApplication
public class TestApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(TestApplication.class, args);
}
#Bean
public RestTemplate restTemplate(RestTemplateBuilder builder) {
return builder.build();
}
}
This is my Test Class:
#RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
#DataJpaTest
public class CityRepositoryTest {
#Autowired
private TestEntityManager entityManager;
#Autowired
private CityRepository cityRepository;
private City city;
#Before
public void init() {
city = new City();
city.setName("New York");
city.setImage("http://www.mockimage.com");
}
#Test
public void findByNameShouldReturnCity() throws Exception {
this.entityManager.persist(city);
Optional<City> hasCity = this.cityRepository.findByNameIgnoreCase("New York");
city = hasCity.get();
assertThat(city.getId()).isNotNull();
assertThat(city.getName()).isEqualTo("New York");
assertThat(city.getImage()).isEqualTo("http://www.mockimage.com");
}
#Test
public void findByNameStartingWithShouldReturnCity() throws Exception {
this.entityManager.persist(city);
Optional<City> hasCity = this.cityRepository.findByNameStartingWithIgnoreCase("New");
city = hasCity.get();
assertThat(city.getId()).isNotNull();
assertThat(city.getName()).isEqualTo("New York");
assertThat(city.getImage()).isEqualTo("http://www.mockimage.com");
}
#Test
public void findByNameWhenNoCityShouldReturnFalse() throws Exception {
this.entityManager.persist(city);
Optional<City> hasCity = this.cityRepository.findByNameStartingWithIgnoreCase("Ohaio");
assertThat(hasCity.isPresent()).isFalse();
}
}
Any help is welcome,Thanks a lot!

I didn't like the other solution as I did want my application to use the spring provided RestTemplateBuilder since it provides some default message converters and other functionality I needed when running my app.
However I found 2 ways to alter my test to get my DataJpaTest's to run, not sure which is best:
Method One - provide a mock RestTemplate in your test.
#RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
#DataJpaTest
public class SomeTest {
#MockBean
private RestTemplate restTemplate;
Method Two - add AutoConfigureWebClient annotation so spring will wire the RestTemplateBuilder
#RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
#DataJpaTest
#AutoConfigureWebClient
public class SomeTest {
With both ways I could keep my existing configured rest template in my application class:
#Bean
public RestTemplate restTemplate(RestTemplateBuilder builder) {
return builder.build();
}

As the error is clearly saying - there is no qualifying bean of type RestTemplateBuilder being available for use of RestTemplate bean building.
The bean for RestTempalteBuilder is injected into context by the spring boot starter for web. There is generally no need to declare a RestTemplateBuilder bean into the context as it is already provided by the spring-boot auto-configuration. If the project is a spring-boot application this will work out of box as intended.
If required, one can customise it by creating a new one in the application configuration.Something like below:
#Bean
public RestTemplateBuilder restTemplateBuilder() {
return new RestTemplateBuilder()
.basicAuthorization("abc", "password");
}
#Bean
public RestTemplate restTemplate(RestTemplateBuilder builder) {
return builder.build();
}
And if no real reason to customise it, you could rather have a simpler bean definition for RestTemplate as below:
#Bean
public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
return new RestTemplate();
}

No qualifying bean of type "myOwnType" - Primitive beans like String works

I have a Spring project and try to pass the services application context to an other service which is "spring free".
My Spring project:
#Service
public class MySpringService implements MyApi {
...
private static MySpringService INSTANCE;
#Autowired
private MyRepository repo;
#SuppressWarnings("resource")
public static MySpringService implementation() {
if (INSTANCE == null) {
ApplicationContext ctx = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(MyServiceConfig.class);
INSTANCE = ctx.getBean(MySpringService.class);
}
return INSTANCE;
}
This is the corresponding AppConfig:
#Configuration
#ComponentScan("de.mypackage.my.serivce")
public class MyServiceConfig
...
#Bean
public MySpringService mySpringService() {
return new MySpringService();
}
In my other other project I just try to call MySpringService spgSvc = MySpringService.implementation(); which leads to a NoSuchBeanDefinitionException:
org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [de.mypackage.my.serivce.MySpringService] is defined
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.getBean(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:348)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.getBean(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:335)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getBean(AbstractApplicationContext.java:1088)
at de.mypackage.my.serivce.MySpringService.implementation(MySpringService.java:54)
at de.mypackage.second.service.OtherService.resolveCampaignTree(OtherService.java:18)
at de.mypackage.second.service.ResolverTest.testMe(ResolverTest.java:22)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:271)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:70)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:238)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:53)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:86)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:678)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192)
On the other hand I can pass easily primitive beans which are just a String or Integer. Also this approach already works in other projects! I checked every code row but I still do not know what I messed up here. Maven install worked successful. Only difference this time I am within a JUNIT test which calls the "spring free" project where the exception is thrown. Anyone here who has an idea?
EDIT:
I tried to solve it with an explicit #Qualifier(myQualifier) at my bean definition public MySpringService mySpringService(). But trying to get the bean with INSTANCE = (MySpringService) ctx.getBean("myQualifier"); leads to following exception:
org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No bean named 'myQualifier' is defined
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.getBeanDefinition(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:677)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(AbstractBeanFactory.java:1180)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:284)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:197)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getBean(AbstractApplicationContext.java:1076)
at de.mypackage.my.serivce.MySpringService.implementation(MySpringService.java:54)
at de.mypackage.second.service.OtherService.resolveCampaignTree(OtherService.java:18)
at de.mypackage.second.service.ResolverTest.testMe(ResolverTest.java:22)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:44)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:271)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:70)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:50)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:238)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:53)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:86)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:678)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192)

My problem occurred due not fully understanding which used Spring annotations are necessary.
The "component scan" was completely unnecessary.
The #Service annotation and the #Bean definition of MySpringService might lead to the problems.
After deleting the #Service and #ComponentScan my services works fine! This insight brought me Grzegorz: http://www.baeldung.com/spring-nosuchbeandefinitionexception

I have the right concept but the issue here that I can see is the naming of the class and its instances plus the beans. Try doing something like the below and you can choose either option 1, or option 2 to inject the MySpringService object in class MyApiImplementation.
#Configuration
#ComponentScan({"de.mypackage.my.serivce"})
public class MyServiceConfig {
#Bean
public MySpringService mySpringService() {
return new MySpringService();
}
...
}
#Service
public class MyApiImplementation implements MyApi {
/* Option: 1
* The mySpringService field name below should match the method name
* mySpringService() in the MyServiceConfig.
*/
#Autowired
private static MySpringService mySpringService;
/* Option: 2
* Or the below if the name of the field (in this case instance) does not
* match the method name mySpringService() in the MyServiceConfig.
*/
#Autowired
#Qualifier("mySpringService")
private static MySpringService instance;
...
}

Spring in Action Chapter 2 changing XML bean to JavaConfig doesn't pass the test

Below is my Bean configuration code, but the configuration doesn't pass the test as it says it failed to load ApplicationContext. Is there something I'm doing wrong? I added #Autowire to methods of each class that's needed (except for interface method), but I still have no idea why it's not loading
package soundsystems;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
#Configuration
public class CDPlayerConfig
{
#Bean
public CompactDisc sgtPeppers()
{
return new SgtPeppers();
}
#Bean(name = "SgtPepperPlayer")
public CDPlayer cdPlayer()
{
return new CDPlayer(sgtPeppers());
}
#Bean(name = "AnyCDPlayer")
public CDPlayer cdPlayer(CompactDisc cd)
{
return new CDPlayer(cd);
}
#Bean
public BlankDisc reallyBlankDisc()
{
return new BlankDisc();
}
#Bean
public BlankDisc blankDisc()
{
BlankDisc bd = new BlankDisc();
String title = "Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band";
String artist = "The Beatles";
List<String> tracks = new ArrayList<String>();
tracks.add("Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band");
tracks.add("With a Little Help from My Friends");
tracks.add("Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds");
tracks.add("Getting Better");
tracks.add("Fixing a Hole");
bd.setTitle(title);
bd.setArtist(artist);
bd.setTracks(tracks);
return bd;
}
#Bean
public Discography beatlesDiscography()
{
Discography dg = new Discography();
String artist = "The Beatles";
CompactDisc SgtPeppers = new SgtPeppers();
CompactDisc WhiteAlbum = new WhiteAlbum();
CompactDisc HardDaysNight = new HardDaysNight();
CompactDisc Revolver = new Revolver();
List<CompactDisc> cds = new ArrayList<CompactDisc>();
cds.add(SgtPeppers);
cds.add(WhiteAlbum);
cds.add(HardDaysNight);
cds.add(Revolver);
dg.setArtist(artist);
dg.setCDs(cds);
return dg;
}
}
package soundsystems;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import org.junit.Rule;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.contrib.java.lang.system.SystemOutRule;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
#RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
#ContextConfiguration(classes = CDPlayerConfig.class)
public class CDPlayerTest
{
#Rule
public final SystemOutRule log = new SystemOutRule().enableLog();
#Autowired
private CompactDisc cd;
#Autowired
private MediaPlayer player;
#Test
public void cdShouldNotBeNull()
{
assertNotNull(cd);
}
#Test
public void play()
{
player.play();
assertEquals("Playing Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band" + " by The Beatles\n", log.getLog());
}
}
Thanks for having a look.
edit: Error
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:124)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:83)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:117)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:83)
at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:228)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:230)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:289)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:291)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:249)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:89)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:193)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:86)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:675)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'AnyCDPlayer': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire method: public void soundsystems.CDPlayer.setCompactDisc(soundsystems.CompactDisc); nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [soundsystems.CompactDisc] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 3: blankDisc,sgtPeppers,reallyBlankDisc
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:334)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1214)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:543)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:482)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:306)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:230)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:302)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:197)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:772)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:839)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:538)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:125)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractGenericContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericContextLoader.java:60)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.delegateLoading(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:109)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:261)
at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContextInternal(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:98)
at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:116)
... 25 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire method: public void soundsystems.CDPlayer.setCompactDisc(soundsystems.CompactDisc); nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [soundsystems.CompactDisc] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 3: blankDisc,sgtPeppers,reallyBlankDisc
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredMethodElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:661)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:88)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:331)
... 41 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [soundsystems.CompactDisc] is defined: expected single matching bean but found 3: blankDisc,sgtPeppers,reallyBlankDisc
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1126)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1014)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredMethodElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:618)
... 43 more

I believe that Spring's #Autowired default mode is by type. It means that Spring will try to autowire bean by interface type, btw you have 3 beans with same interface and Spring got confused which one to choose. If you want to achieve autowiring by name you should use #Qualifier: #Qualifier("beanname")

The error is quite clear:
Could not autowire method: public void soundsystems.CDPlayer.setCompactDisc(soundsystems.CompactDisc);
nested exception is
org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException:
No qualifying bean of type [soundsystems.CompactDisc] is defined:
expected single matching bean but found 3: blankDisc,sgtPeppers,reallyBlankDisc
You annotated you setCompactDisc() method in CDPlayer with #Autowired, so Spring tries to call it with a bean of type CompactDisc, but it has 3 of them, and thus can't decide which one to inject. Don't annotate this method with Autowired. Or even better, remove that method, since the CompactDisc is already initialized by the constructor.

Spring MVC Controller Test Case not working

#RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
#ContextConfiguration(classes=BaseTestConfig.class)
#WebAppConfiguration
public class BookDetailsControllerTestCase {
private MockMvc mockMvc;
#Autowired
private WebApplicationContext wac;
/**
*
*/
private BookDetailsController fixture = new BookDetailsController();
public BookDetailsController getFixture() {
return fixture;
}
public void setFixture(BookDetailsController fixture) {
this.fixture = fixture;
}
/**
* #throws java.lang.Exception
*/
#BeforeClass
public static void setUpBeforeClass() throws Exception {
}
/**
* #throws java.lang.Exception
*/
#AfterClass
public static void tearDownAfterClass() throws Exception {
}
/**
* #throws java.lang.Exception
*/
#Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(this.wac).build();
}
/**
* #throws java.lang.Exception
*/
#After
public void tearDown() throws Exception {
}
#Test
public void testGetBookDetails() {
fail("Not yet implemented");
}
}
This is my test case for the getBookDetails method of the Book Details Controller. However, I am getting the following error trace.
Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener#58e34201] to prepare test instance [com.sapestore.controller.test.BookDetailsControllerTestCase#30027d3e]
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
at org.springframework.test.context.CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:99)
at org.springframework.test.context.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:101)
at org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.setUpRequestContextIfNecessary(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:161)
at org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:101)
at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:331)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:213)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:290)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:292)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:233)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:87)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:238)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:53)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunBefores.evaluate(RunBefores.java:26)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.RunAfters.evaluate(RunAfters.java:27)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:71)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:176)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:675)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'accountController': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private com.sapestore.service.AccountService com.sapestore.controller.AccountController.accountService; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [com.sapestore.service.AccountService] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {#org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:292)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1185)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:537)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:304)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:300)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:195)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:703)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:760)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:482)
at org.springframework.test.context.web.AbstractGenericWebContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericWebContextLoader.java:132)
at org.springframework.test.context.web.AbstractGenericWebContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractGenericWebContextLoader.java:59)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.delegateLoading(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:100)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.loadContext(AbstractDelegatingSmartContextLoader.java:250)
at org.springframework.test.context.CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContextInternal(CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:64)
at org.springframework.test.context.CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(CacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:91)
... 27 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private com.sapestore.service.AccountService com.sapestore.controller.AccountController.accountService; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [com.sapestore.service.AccountService] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {#org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:508)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:289)
... 43 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [com.sapestore.service.AccountService] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {#org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionException(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1103)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:963)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:858)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:480)
... 45 more
This is my folder structure
/webapp/WEb_INF/application-context.xml
/src/test/resources/test-application-context.xml
package com.sapestore.controller.test;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver;
#Configuration
#ComponentScan("com.sapestore")
#EnableWebMvc
public class BaseTestConfig {
#Bean
public InternalResourceViewResolver setupViewResolver() {
InternalResourceViewResolver resolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
resolver.setPrefix("/");
resolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
return resolver;
}
}
This is the BaseTestConfig.java file
Please help me run the test case!

The stacktrace says that spring trys to instantiate an accountService. This service seems to be an dependency for your AccountController. But spring don't find anything that cann be bound to this dependency in your controller.
Have you anntotated your service correctly so spring can identify the class as spring bean (for more information read the reference: http://static.springsource.org/spring/docs/3.0.x/spring-framework-reference/html/beans.html#beans-stereotype-annotations).
If the service is annotated correctly and it's still not working, can you provide some code from your controller and your service?