Questions regarding Spring boot and JPA - java

I was working on a project using Spring boot, Spring MVC, and Hibernate. I encountered this problem which had already taken me 2 days.
My project was an imitation of twitter. When I started to work on the project, I used the JPA to get the Hibernate Session. Here is the code in my BaseDaoImpl class:
#Autowired
private EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory;
public Session getSession(){
return entityManagerFactory.createEntityManager().unwrap(Session.class);
}
In my Service class, I used the #Transactional annotation:
#Service("userServ")
#Transactional(propagation=Propagation.REQUIRED, readOnly=false,rollbackFor={Exception.class, RuntimeException.class})
public class UserServImpl implements IUserServ {}
And finally, an overview of my main class:
#SpringBootApplication
#EnableTransactionManagement
#EntityScan(basePackages = {"edu.miis.Entities"})
#ComponentScan({"edu.miis.Controllers","edu.miis.Service","edu.miis.Dao"})
#EnableAutoConfiguration
#Configuration
public class FinalProjectSpringbootHibernateDruidApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(FinalProjectSpringbootHibernateDruidApplication.class, args);
}
}
When I was using this setting, everything seemed fine - until I was able to move up to a the extent where I started to add "post" function. I could add posts and comments into the database. However, I could not do this a lot of times. Every time I added up to 4 posts, the program ceased to run - no exceptions, no errors - the page just got stuck there.
I looked up online, realizing that the problem was probably due to the entityManagerFactory. I was told that entityManagerFactory.createEntityManager().unwrap(Session.class)opens new Hibernate sessions, instead of the traditional sessionFactory.getCurrentSession() that returns an existing session.
So I started to work on it. I changed my Dao configuration into this:
#Autowired
private EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory;
public Session getSession(){
Session session = entityManagerFactory.unwrap(SessionFactory.class).getCurrentSession();
return session;
}
My idea was to use the autowired EntityManagerFactory to return a Hibernate SessionFactory so that the getCurrentSession method can be then used.
But then I got problem:
Since I configured to this setting, any operation that involves input from controller to the service-dao-database invokes an exception: No Transaction Is In Progress
But the weird thing is: although the system broke due to no visible transaction in progress, Hibernate still generates new SQL statements, and data still get synchronized into the database.
Can anybody help me over how to get this issue resolved?
Sincerely thanks!

Following #M. Deinum's suggestion, I finally had this issue resolved.
The reason why the #Transactional annotation didn't work in my code in the first place, was because in my original code, I used plain Hibernate features - Session, SessionFactory, getCurrentSession() etc.
In order for these features to work, I need to specifically configure the transaction manager into a Hibernate Transaction Manager (under default setting, Spring boot autowires a JPA transaction manager).
But the problem is: most of methods that were used to support Hibernate features are now deprecated. Now, the JPA method is the mainstream.
Use EntityManager instead of Session/
Use EntityManager.persist instead of Session.save
Use EntityManager.merge instead of Session.update
Use EntityManager.remove instead of Session.remove.
That's all.
Thanks!

Related

Postgres Hibernate set session variables for row level security

I am having trouble finding information about this issue I am running into. I am interested in implementing row level security on my Postgres db and I am looking for a way to be able to set postgres session variables automatically through some form of an interceptor. Now, I know that with hibernate you are able to do row-level-security using #Filter and #FilterDef, however I would like to additionally set policies on my DB.
A very simple way of doing this would be to execute the SQL statement SET variable=value prior to every query, though I have not been able to find any information on this.
This is being used on a spring-boot application and every request is expected to will have access to a request-specific value of the variable.
Since your application uses spring, you could try accomplishing this in one of a few ways:
Spring AOP
In this approach, you write an advice that you ask spring to apply to specific methods. If your methods use the #Transactional annotation, you could have the advice be applied to those immediately after the transaction has started.
Extended TransactionManager Implementation
Lets assume your transaction is using JpaTransactionManager.
public class SecurityPolicyInjectingJpaTransactionManager extends JpaTransactionManager {
#Autowired
private EntityManager entityManager;
// constructors
#Override
protected void prepareSynchronization(DefaultTransactionStatus status, TransactionDefinition definition) {
super.prepareSynchronization(status, definition);
if (status.isNewTransaction()) {
// Use entityManager to execute your database policy param/values
// I would suggest you also register an after-completion callback synchronization
// This after-completion would clear all the policy param/values
// regardless of whether the transaction succeeded or failed
// since this happens just before it gets returned to the connection pool
}
}
}
Now simply configure your JPA environment to use your custom JpaTransactionManager class.
There are likely others, but these are the two that come to mind that I've explored.

Spring Boot MongoRepository #Rollback for tests

I wrote a Test for a MongoRepository in Spring Boot, and the test works fine. The only problem is that when the test is over, I want a rollback, so that there will be no change in the database caused by the test.
// package...
// imports...
#RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
#SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = MetistrafficApplication.class)
#Rollback(true)
public class AppRepositoryTests {
#Autowired
private AppRepository appRepository;
#Test
public void insertTest() {
App app = new App("test");
App appInserted = appRepository.save(app);
assertThat(appInserted.getName(), equalTo(app.getName()));
}
}
I put #Transactional before #Rollback, but get this error:
java.lang.illegalstateexception:Failed to retrieve PlatformTransactionManager for #Transactional test for test context
When I searched for the error, I couldn't find any code with MongoRepository. So, how can I solve this?
EDIT: After adding #Transactional("PlatformTransactionManager"), the error I get is changed to this:
org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No bean named 'PlatformTransactionManager' is defined: No matching PlatformTransactionManager bean found for qualifier 'PlatformTransactionManager' - neither qualifier match nor bean name match!
As far as I know, there isn't an implementation of Spring's TransactionManager for MongoDB since it is not transactional in the ACID sense. So no, you cannot use #Transactional annotations with MongoDB and you'll have to do all the cleanup manually or else use DBUnit and add your own extensions for MongoDB.
EDIT:
As Petter mentioned in his answer, starting with MongoDB 4.0, MongoDB has support for ACID transactions and you can find the official SpringData examples on GitHub and also have the feature's release post in Spring's developer blog
Now you can use #Transactional with mongo. Take a look at this example: https://www.baeldung.com/spring-data-mongodb-transactions
You'll need mongo 4.0. Also need to enable mongo replication (mongod --replSet rs0)
Then you'll need to add this bean to your spring application
#Bean
MongoTransactionManager transactionManager(MongoDbFactory dbFactory) {
return new MongoTransactionManager(dbFactory);
}
This is enough to use #Transactional in your code.
I guess you use try catch block. Its better if you can avoid try catch. Anyway if you need to rollback you can do it like this.
TransactionAspectSupport.currentTransactionStatus().setRollbackOnly();

Spring Boot with session-based data source

I've been tearing my hair out with what should be a pretty common use case for a web application. I have a Spring-Boot application which uses REST Repositories, JPA, etc. The problem is that I have two data sources:
Embedded H2 data source containing user authentication information
MySQL data source for actual data which is specific to the authenticated user
Because the second data source is specific to the authenticated user, I'm attempting to use AbstractRoutingDataSource to route to the correct data source according to Principal user after authentication.
What's absolutely driving me crazy is that Spring-Boot is fighting me tooth and nail to instantiate this data source at startup. I've tried everything I can think of, including Lazy and Scope annotations. If I use Session scope, the application throws an error about no session existing at startup. #Lazy doesn't appear to help at all. No matter what annotations I use, the database is instantiated at startup by Spring Boot and doesn't find any lookup key which essentially crashes the entire application.
The other problem is that the Rest Repository API has IMO a terrible means of specifying the actual data source to be used. If you have multiple data sources with Spring Boot, you have to juggle Qualifier annotations which is a runtime debugging nightmare.
Any advice would be very much appreciated.
Your problem is with the authentication manager configuration. All the samples and guides set this up in a GlobalAuthenticationConfigurerAdapter, e.g. it would look like this as an inner class of your SimpleEmbeddedSecurityConfiguration:
#Configuration
public static class AuthenticationConfiguration extends GlobalAuthenticationConfigurerAdapter
{
#Bean(name = Global.AUTHENTICATION_DATA_QUALIFIER + "DataSource")
public DataSource dataSource()
{
return new EmbeddedDatabaseBuilder().setName("authdb").setType(EmbeddedDatabaseType.H2).addScripts("security/schema.sql", "security/data.sql").build();
}
#Override
public void init(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception
{
auth.jdbcAuthentication().dataSource(dataSource()).passwordEncoder(passwordEncoder());
}
}
If you don't use GlobalAuthenticationConfigurerAdapter then the DataSource gets picked up by Spring Data REST during the creation of the Security filters (before the #Primary DataSource bean has even been registered) and the whole JPA initialization starts super early (bad idea).
UPDATE: the authentication manager is not the only problem. If you need to have a session-scoped #Primary DataSource (pretty unusual I'd say), you need to switch off everything that wants access to the database on startup (Hibernate and Spring Boot in various places). Example:
spring.datasource.initialize: false
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddlAuto: none
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.temp.use_jdbc_metadata_defaults: false
spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect: H2
FURTHER UPDATE: if you're using the Actuator it also wants to use the primary data source on startup for a health indicator. You can override that by prividing a bean of the same type, e.g.
#Bean
#Scope(value="session", proxyMode=ScopedProxyMode.TARGET_CLASS)
#Lazy
public DataSourcePublicMetrics dataSourcePublicMetrics() {
return new DataSourcePublicMetrics();
}
P.S. I believe the GlobalAuthenticationConfigurerAdapter might not be necessary in Spring Boot 1.2.2, but it is in 1.2.1 or 1.1.10.

Execute initialization code in EJB3.1

I am currently migrating to EJB3.1 after using Spring for many years. One thing I would like to implement in EJB, for which I couldn't find a matching pattern yet is my MigrationManager.
In Spring I had a bean that dealt with database schema and data migration. For this I implemented a Spring BeanFactoryPostProcessor because this way I had the database connection injected, but the JPA system is not yet initialized. So I could perform all migration steps and then have the application finishing starting.
How can I do something like this in EJB3.1 (Using CDI ... if this is of importance)
Chris
This is the way to run some initialization code from an EJB:
#Singleton
#Startup
public class MigrationManager {
#PostConstruct
public void migrate() {
// do work
}
}
You don't need a separate app for that (as suggested in a comment above).
EntityManagers get instantiated lazily, so as long as you don't inject an EntityManager into some other startup code, this should give you a chance to update your database schema before an EntityManager is actually hitting the database.
By the way, for database schema migration I'd recommend Liquibase, which can be triggered by a ServletContextListener.

Seeking a Spring (3.0.5) Solution for: No Hibernate Session bound to thread, and configuration does not allow creation of non-transactional one here

I have a Transaction problem on Spring 3.0.5. In my case I get the so-called exception "No Hibernate Session bound to thread, and configuration does not allow creation of non-transactional one here"... I have tried everything so far. I can see in my log that the transactional services are detected and registered as Spring beans and I can also see in the logs that they are proxied and associated with underlying Spring transaction interceptors. (Advise) When I run my Spring MVC app my controller will call the service...... :-( but the transaction interceptors are not triggered. (??) I expect my Spring service proxy to open a session and start a transaction before calling my target service method. Since this does not happen, I get the above exception. I have been almost two days on this problem. Tried everything which I found on the internet...but in vain.
I have layered architecture: presentation (springmvc), service (transaction annotated), dataacess (Spring/Hibernate classic sessionfactory). My model objects are annotated with jpa (javax.persistence.*). My spring context config files are separated in appContext.xml, appContext-service.xml and appContext-dao.xml. I have defined my Spring LocalSessionFactoryBean, Datasource and TransactionManager (HibernateTransactionManager) in appContext-dao.xml. I have put in appContext-service.xml where my service implementations resides. In all of my config files I have included and to detect my beans through Controller, Service and Repository annotations.
I appreciate any kind of help.
It sounds like you are doing everything correctly and you know what you are doing. There's not much we can do here unless you show some configuration.
What I'd suggest is some debugging.
First: do you have Unit tests in the service layer that test the queries you are using? Perhaps you can find the error in the service layer.
Then: debug the MVC app, check the types of the injected services. Verify that they are proxies, not the original types.
If they are the original types, you
have an error in your transaction
configuration .
If they are proxies, step through the
query methods and verify that the
transaction logic is applied.
This sounds like accessing a lazily-loaded list or set of you dao after the closing of the transaction. This typically happens if you access that list in the view in stead of the controller, as your controller probably calls methods in transaction scope, and then leaves the transaction and forwards the loaded bean to the view.
Simple solutions:
Configure your data bean to eagerly load
Force loading of the dependencies in the controller (just loop through them)
have a look at this article ans possibly also quite a few right here on SO on lazy loading / lazy fetching of one-to-many associations and the like
Imagine:
// your dao
public class Foo {
// lots of other properties
List<Something> stuff;
// getters and setter for stuff
}
// repository
#Transactional
public class FooRepo {
public Foo loadFoo(int id) {
...
}
}
// Controller
public class Controller {
public void Control() {
sessionContext.set("foo", repo.loadFoo(1)); // transaction managed by spring
}
public void setFooRepo(FooRepo repo) {this.repo = repo};
}
// View
for (Something something : foo.getStuff()) {
// Ooops transaction is closed! stuff is lazily loaded so NOT AVAILABLE
// practical solutions:
// - do not load lazily (Foo.hbm.xml)
// - or force loading by getting all Somethings in the controller
}

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