This question already has an answer here:
Can't draw to JPanel with getGraphics
(1 answer)
Closed 4 years ago.
I'm having trouble getting the graphics of my JPanel to work. It refuses to draw anything, regardless of anything I've tried and anything I can find on the internet.
import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.util.Timer;
import java.util.*;
import java.io.*;
public class Mandelbrot{
public static void main(String[] args){
JFrame win=new JFrame();
JPanel dis=new JPanel();
win.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
win.setResizable(false);
win.setVisible(true);
win.add(dis);
dis.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(1000,500));
win.pack();
Graphics g=dis.getGraphics();
g.setColor(Color.red);
g.fillRect(0, 0, 100, 100);
}
}
Posting as an answer because I ran out of comment room:
Note:
If you need to be constantly changing things, then a JPanel is probably not your best option. I recommend you rethink what you are trying to do because you should probably use a Canvas or paint to a bunch of different labels/glass panes and overlay them however you want, this will allow you to have moving components/animations in a foreground item, and make different changes to the background item.
Alternatively, you can make the JPanel draw a buffered image, or you can store a list of items to paint, and you can paint them each time. For the buffered image method you can directly edit and draw to the buffered image every time you need to make a change.
Below is an example of how to use the buffered image method.
First create a custom JPanel in a new class:
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
public class DrawPanel extends JPanel{
public BufferedImage canvas = new BufferedImage(panelWidth, panelHeight, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB);
#Override
public void paintComponent(Graphics g){
//Draw the canvas
g.drawImage(canvas, 0, 0, this);
}
}
Now in your main method you can replace JPanel dis=new JPanel() with this:
DrawPanel dis = new DrawPanel();
Graphics g=dis.canvas.getGraphics();
g.setColor(Color.red);
g.fillRect(0, 0, 100, 100);
Note how I use dis.canvas to get the graphics of the bufferedImage instead of the graphics of the JPanel.
It's as simple as that.
As per Andrews comment. You should consider extending a JLabel instead of a JPanel, it is much more lightweight, and easier to update using label.repaint();.
public static void main(String... args) {
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setResizable(false);
JPanel panel = new JPanel() {
#Override
public void paint(Graphics g) {
super.paint(g);
g.setColor(Color.red);
g.fillRect(0, 0, 100, 100);
}
};
panel.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(640, 480));
frame.add(panel);
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.pack();
}
Just an example - you should create a new Class subclassing JPanel, see Painting in AWT and Swing.
Related
I have issue with drawing shapes inside of JPanel that I already added using Netbeans GUI. Now, I have no idea where to add code for drawing a circle inside of that JPanel and how to insert and call it in the JPanel that is sitting empty now, waiting for this shape to be drawn. I already set up destination JPanel to be Flow layout.
Netbeans Designer created a big class in which I have entire frame with this JPanel, and I want to keep it inside of it as I can't really add it any other way because Designer doesn't let me change main initComponents method in which all components are sitting now. I have been reading tutorials and previous posts but noone really encountered this using Netbeans Designer.
SO can someone just help me with adding proper method in this frame class and how to call it from JPanel I want to draw in. JPanel is 50x50 pixels.
So as per #Abra, I changed some code:
so I made a new Circle Class, adjusted it a bit as I don't want to create a new frame but put this in JPanel.
public class Circle extends JPanel {
Color color;
public void circle(Color color) {
this.color = color;
setPreferredSize(new Dimension (30,30));
}
public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
g.drawOval(0, 0, r, r);
g.setColor(color);
}
private void showGUI() {
JPanel panel = new JPanel();
panel.add(this, FlowLayout.CENTER);
panel.setVisible(true);
}
}
Then I opened JPanel in Designer, and added code to run it, in initComponents method like this:
circlePanel.setPreferredSize(new java.awt.Dimension(40, 40));
new Circle().showGUI();
PanelDS.add(circlePanel);
circlePanel is destination for this drawing and is inside PanelDS itself. It doesn't work this way tho, but Netbeans shows no errors in code. Additionally, how can I forward color to circle class.
In order to draw on a JPanel you need to override the paintComponent() method of JPanel. In order to override the method, you need to create a class that extends JPanel. I don't think that there exists a GUI designer that can generate the required code for you. So you have to write the code of the class that extends JPanel.
Here is a minimal example. It displays a blue circle.
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.WindowConstants;
public class Drawing2 extends JPanel {
private JFrame frame;
public Drawing2() {
setPreferredSize(new Dimension(100, 100));
}
#Override
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
g.fillOval(25, 25, 50, 50);
}
private void showGui() {
frame = new JFrame("Drawing");
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.add(this, BorderLayout.CENTER);
frame.pack();
frame.setLocationByPlatform(true);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
new Drawing2().showGui();
}
}
Here's what you should see when you run the above code.
import java.util.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.awt.geom.*;
class game extends JFrame {
public game(){ //this is constructor
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.setSize(500,500);
frame.setTitle("Hello world");
}
public void paint(Graphics g){
Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) g;
Line2D line = new Line2D.Double(60,90,150,100);
g2.draw(line);
}
public static void main(String args[]) {
game l = new game();
}
}
The above code is compiling in java but on running the code it only displays the frame and its title, but does not include any of the lines being drawn using the Graphics2D and Line2D, what is the mistake that is being made??? The frame being displayed does not show any content, why is that???
First, you are creating and displaying a JFrame which is not an instance of game, so there is no chance that it paints what you have in the paint method of game .
You usually don't want to create a subclass of JFrame for custom painting anyway, just create a subclass of JPanel, and set it as the content pane of the frame.
Also don't override paint, but paintComponent, which is the method responsible for painting the current component.
You should also call the parent method of paintComponent, to make sure that all the usual cleaning takes place correctly.
Also by convention, class names should start with an upper case letter.
One last thing, make the frame visible only once you have added all your components, or you may encounter visual glitches some day.
Putting it all together :
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.geom.Line2D;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
class Game extends JPanel {
#Override
public void paintComponent(final Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) g;
g2.setColor(Color.BLACK);
Line2D line = new Line2D.Double(60, 90, 150, 100);
g2.draw(line);
}
public static void main(final String args[]) {
Game l = new Game();
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
frame.setSize(500, 500);
frame.setTitle("Hello world");
frame.setContentPane(l);
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}
In your constructor call method of JFrame class using this keyword because you extends JFrame class in your class.
public game(){ //this is constructor
/*JFrame frame = new JFrame();
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.setSize(500,500);
frame.setTitle("Hello world");*/
this.setVisible(true);
this.setSize(500,500);
this.setTitle("Hello world");
}
This solve your problem.
you dont need to create instance of JFrame class ,
modified you constructor as shown below
public game(){ //this is constructor
setVisible(true);
setSize(500,500);
setTitle("Hello world");
}
I've tried to research how Java's 2D rendering works, but I could never understand it. Here is the code in my main class:
import java.awt.Dimension;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
public class Main{
public static void main(String args[]) {
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
frame.setSize(new Dimension(500,500));
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setTitle("JFrame testing");
frame.setVisible(true);
Frame panel = new Frame();
frame.add(panel);
}
}
And then here is for the JPanel class:
import java.awt.Graphics;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
public class Frame extends JPanel{
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public Frame() {
Graphics g = this.getGraphics();
g.drawRect(0, 0, 100, 100);
this.paintComponent(g);
}
}
I am also getting this exception, but I'm not sure what it means:
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException
at Frame.<init>(Frame.java:10)
at Main.main(Main.java:18)
I'm basically just trying to draw a rectangle onto a panel to be shown on the frame I've created. I've heard about the paintComponent method, but I also don't fully understand that.
You should Never use getGraphics() of a Component.
Try below code
public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
super.paintComponent(g);
g.drawRect(0, 0, 100, 100);
//this.paintComponent(g);
}
Edit
"why is super.paintComponent(g); called again inside the method?"
The documentation of paintComponent says it pretty well:
if you do not invoker super's implementation you must honor the opaque
property, that is if this component is opaque, you must completely
fill in the background in a non-opaque color. If you do not honor the
opaque property you will likely see visual artifacts.
This question already has answers here:
JFrame not presenting any Components
(4 answers)
Closed 5 years ago.
I am trying to buff my java skills (been about 10 years since I coded). Currently I am just trying to make a basic program that will have balls bouncing off the edges of the JFrame. However, as a starter in this program I tried drawing a line and box on the JPanel.
The issue I am finding is I have to call frame.setResizable(false) in order or the screen to paint my box and line. It will paint them if I resize the JFrame after it comes up. However, I would like it to paint as soon as the JFrame opens.
Putting in:
frame.setResizable(false);
frame.setResizable(true);
seems redundant. Is there a cleaner way to do this so it paints when the JFrame opens?
Below is my code if this helps:
MAIN CLASS
package bbs;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.Toolkit;
import javax.swing.ImageIcon;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
public class BouncingBalls {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//Create the basic frame, set its size, and tell it to be visible
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
frame.setSize(800, 600);
frame.setVisible(true);
//Get a icon for the Program
ImageIcon logoicon = new ImageIcon("ball.jpg");
Image logo = logoicon.getImage();
frame.setIconImage(logo);
frame.setResizable(false);
frame.setResizable(true);
//find the center of the screen and where the frame should go
Dimension dim = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize();
int w = frame.getSize().width;
int h = frame.getSize().height;
int x = (dim.width-w)/2;
int y = (dim.height-h)/2;
//Move the window
frame.setLocation(x, y);
//Tell the program to stop when the X button is selected
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
Draw object = new Draw();
frame.add(object);
object.drawing();
}
}
PAINTING CLASS
package bbs;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
public class Draw extends JPanel {
/**
* This is added to handle the serialization warning and is of the type Long to accommodate the warning
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
public void drawing(){
repaint();
}
public void paintComponent(Graphics g){
super.paintComponent(g);
g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
g.drawLine(10, 20, 300, 200);
g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
g.fillRect(300, 200, 150, 200);
}
}
frame.setVisible(true);
This should be the last statement executed AFTER all components have been added to the frame.
Then all the components will paint normally.
I'm making a program for drawing out an Image and it seems I've made a mistake and my program just doesn't want to draw out the image. Can someone please point out the mistake for mi because i really don't see it.
package basic_game_programing;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Image;
import javax.swing.ImageIcon;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
public class Practise extends JPanel {
public Image image;
//#####PAINT__FUNCTION#####
public void PaintComponent(Graphics g){
super.paintComponent(g);
ImageIcon character = new ImageIcon("C:/Documents and Settings/Josip/Desktop/game Šlije/CompletedBlueGuy.PNG");
image = character.getImage();
g.drawImage(image,20,20,null);
g.fillRect(20, 20, 100, 100);
}
//######MAIN__FUCTION#######
public static void main(String[]args){
Practise panel = new Practise();
//SETTING UP THE FRAME
JFrame frame = new JFrame();
//
frame.setVisible(true);
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.setSize(500,500);
frame.add(panel);
//SETTING UP THE PANEL
//
}
}
You're miscapitalizing paintComponent by using PaintComponent instead (note the first "P").
So Change PaintComponent to paintComponent.
Use the #Override annotation above the method to let the compiler tell you when you're making this kind of mistake.
Never read an image into a painting method since this slows down a method that needs to be fast, and makes the image be read in over and over when one read is enough.
The method should be protected not public.
Use ImageIO.read(...) to read in your image, and use resources and relative path within the jar file, rather than use files or ImageIcons.
Don't call setVisible(true) on the JFrame until after adding all components, else some might not show.
Do read the tutorials as most all of this is well explained there.
e.g.,
public class Practise extends JPanel {
private Image image;
public Practice() {
// read in your image here
image = ImageIO.read(.......); // fill in the ...
}
#Override // use override to have the compiler warn you of mistakes
protected void paintComponent(Graphics g){
super.paintComponent(g);
// never read within a painting method
// ImageIcon character = new ImageIcon("C:/Documents and Settings/Josip/Desktop/game Šlije/CompletedBlueGuy.PNG");
// image = character.getImage();
g.drawImage(image, 20, 20, this);
g.fillRect(20, 20, 100, 100);
}
}