There are several web spring boot java applications. I need to prepare several components for integration testing. My task is to mock all external behaviour such as other projects's components, db calls etc. I found a solution for this using #Profileannotation from spring framework. Here's an example. I can simply create new profile and declare two beans implementations for each profile: one for real usage, for production and another one for integration testing, for stubbing. It would look like this:
#Profile("PROD")
#Configuration
#EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
}
#Profile("MOCK")
#Configuration
#EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityMockConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
}
But I have doubts about this design. It looks little bit messy for me. Does this solution considered acceptable for task I have?
Doing this, your mocks and their configuration will be probably packaged with the app running in production.
This seems very odd to me. Would you package your units tests in your deliverd Spring application ? I don't think so. So I would like to say this is a "bad" design since testing dependencies should not be embedded with production code.
However, Spring's documentation about #Profile annotation is using the exemple of environment segregation.
Now, there is a question which needs to be answered: what do you mean by "integration testing" ?
Is this automated integration test ? Or do you want to run your application in different modes for the testing teams ?
Is this is an automated integration test, then there is no reason to use #Profile annotation as automated tests and production code will not be packaged together.
However, if you want your users to make integration tests, then you could create standalone fake project which will be used to simulate the external dependencies you are calling (database, webservices, etc).
Then, #Profile can be used to switch from fake to production mode but only through configuration file: fake profile will make call on your fake external services whereas production will call the real external services.
Related
I want to toggle the webEnvironment config inside SpringBootTest to support running the tests in a pipeline (where the tests needs to be able to boot the server themselves) and locally (where I want to use a standalone server for faster tests.
Figured having a Profile which I could set would be a good solution to it but SpringBootTest seems to flat out ignore whatever profile I attach at the same level, is it simply too early in Spring's lifecycle for it to pick up profiles? Is there a better way to do this?
#Profile("myProfile")
#SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.DEFINED_PORT) // Starts regardless of what #Profile is
public class MyClass{
...
}
E: Related question:
SpringBootTest enable/disable webEnvironment based on input
E2: After some discussion down below I'm ditching the remote mode, not worth the hassle.
I was wondering why do you even need to rely on spring here? JUnit already has #EnabledIf annotation (documentation), so you can use it to not even attempt to run the test.
In my understanding it's even better, because this will work for all the tests that might even not run spring (unit tests for example). Also it should be better from the performance endpoint (you don't try to even run the Application Context, find/register beans, etc.)
I have a simple Spring Boot application which reads from Kafka topic and persists the messages to some cache.
I would like to add an integration test, which would launch my original application, generate some messages from embedded Kafka, and then assert cache contents.
I'm struggling with the "launch my original application" part. How does one do that from Spring Boot integration test?
I've tried doing something like that:
#RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
#SpringBootTest(classes = OriginalApplication.class)
#EmbeddedKafka
public class OriginalApplicationIntegrationTest {
#Test
public void test() throws Exception {
...
}
}
But I see no attempts from Spring to launch my original application.
First of all, there are two possible big "areas" that can go wrong:
Spring Boot Test Setup
Kafka Integration
I believe the question is around the first part so I'll concentrate on that part.
For a quick answer:
When you put a #SpringBootTest annotation, try to use it without parameters at all. And make sure the test is put in a correct package, it matters. This will turn on the automatic resolution of your application.
Now I'll try to briefly explain why its important, the topic is really broad and deep.
Spring Boot checks whether the class annotated with #SpringBootConfiguration (its an annotation put on #SpringBootApplication - which is in turn is on your main class) exists in the same package as the integration test ( Lets say, com.abc.myapp.test is where you put a test)
If not found, it goes one package up and checks there (com.abc.myapp). It will do that again and again till the root package however, lets assume the #SpringBootApplication annotated class is in this package. Notice, If this recursive "search" doesn't find #SpringBootApplication annotated class - the test doesn't start. That's why its important to use the package structure offered by spring boot application.
Now when it finds that class it know which packages should be scanned for beans to start the spring boot application. So it tries to find beans according to practices of spring boot (package com.abc.myapp and beneath). It does it again recursively top-to-bottom this time.
It also runs your starters (autoconfigurations) in this mode.
So, bottom line:
Specifying #SpringBootTest without parameters makes spring boot doing its best to mimic the startup of the real application
If you use it with parameters where you put it a configuration however, it behaves totally differently: Its like saying: "I know where my configurations are, don't try to start everything, here is my configuration, load only it".
A totally different thing, no recursive searches, no auto-configurations startup, etc.
I am trying to implement integration tests for my Tomcat application, but my issue is that the application is launched separately from the tests so the tests cannot access the application context and neither the database.
My idea is running the tests "within" the running application, so I can #Autowire EntityManager and check for instance the state of the database during testing or even create database entities for testing.
My only idea of doing this is to actually run the application programmatically from the tests as ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml") and the access the Context. This would work, but it would be very hard for debugging as we wouldn't be able to use Hotswapping during the testing. Also I guess the server would be stopped as soon as the tests would end. I guess that is not the best and correct solution.
EDIT:
My question was probably unclear, so I will try to clarify.
I have a Tomcat application with Spring and Hibernate. The Spring beans and Hibernate database connection is initialised when the Tomcat application is started. The issue is how to run the tests of the active Spring beans from methods annotated with #Test in src/test/java which are started separately.
Consider this class:
#Component
class MyRepository {
#Autowired
EntityManager em;
#Transactional
public void myMethod(MyEntity entity) {
// do some job with entity
...
em.flush();
}
}
This class will be initialised with Tomcat as a MyRepository bean.
To test it, I cannot just call new MyRepository().myMethod(...) - I need to access the bean. The issue is accessing the bean from the #Test method:
#Test
void testMyRepository() {
Item item = ...
// then use the repository to handle the entity
context.getBean(MyRepository.class).myMethod(item);
// then assert the state of the database
context.getBean(EntityManager.class).find(Item.class, ...) ...
}
I can probably get the context in the initialisation of the tests with
ApplicationContext context = ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
But it would mean launching the whole application each time the tests are started. The better solution would be if the application could run separately from the tests.
Hope my problem is more clear now.
I would suggest you to use the SpringRunner to start the Spring application context and perform your tests on that running instance. You can customize the context the way it doesn't contain parts you don't want to tests and you can create mocks for components that require some external resources (REST clients and such). Take a look at the Spring docs or Spring Boot docs.
If multiple tests use the same Spring context configuration, the context is started just once and reused. So it's good to have it's configuration in a parent class of your tests. You can autowire any Spring bean into your test and test it.
You can use an in-memory database (such as H2) instead of a production one, so your tests are not dependent on an external infrastructure. To initialize the database, use tools like Flyway or Liquibase. To clear the database before each test, you can use the #Sql annotation.
You can find many examples of projects with such tests, for example my own demo.
If you want to test an external system, I would suggest something like JMeter.
Unfortunately you cant mirror your classes and use them in your tests. Thats a big disadvantage of web services. They always depend on user / machine interaction. With a lot of effort you can extract the functionality of the essential classes or methods and construct test scenarios etc. with jUnit.
The Overview of your possibilities:
special drivers and placeholders
you can use a logger with detailed log-level and file output. Then you created scenarios with the expected result and compare it with your log files.
Capture replay tools. They record your exection and replay them for monitoring.
I can also recommend using Selenium for the frontend tests.
Hope it helped.
I have developed my application and I have a .properties file containing several key-value properties.
In my code I inject said properties like this:
#Value("${services.host}${services.name}")
private String hostname;
I am searching for a way to check every #Value inside of my code so to make sure that every property will be solved at runtime. Something like simulating my application startup.
Is it possible?
Yes, you can create a JUnit test class that loads your application context (just like your production code would) and then execute a test method that verifies that your property values have been injected.
#RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
#ContextConfiguration(classes = {AppConfig.class})
public class SpringApplicationTest {
#Autowired
private MyServiceBean serviceBean;
#Test
public void shouldExecuteServiceBean_andProduceExpectedOutcome() {
//TODO test setup
serviceBean.doSomething()
//TODO assert output
}
}
In this example MyServiceBean.java is a class that would be executed from your Main class, so that you are testing the end-to-end logic of your application, including all of the spring dependency injections. Think of it as your "happy path" test scenario. I always include at least one test like this in my projects, to ensure that all of the spring injections are correct and load without error. You wan't to catch the errors before you build and deploy your code.
In the example above AppConfig.java is the same Spring configuration class you use when your code is deployed. You probably want to add another configuration class that overrides some properties/beans specifically for testing only.
#ContextConfiguration(classes = {AppConfig.class, TestConfig.class})
Using a test only class, you can mock out any dependencies that make testing difficult (i.e. use an in-memory database), and also override properties so you can test against "localhost" rather than another service which may or may not be available (so long as you can create an equivalent localhost service in your test setup).
Note: If you are finding it difficult to test your application due to too many dependencies, or external dependencies that cannot be swapped out easily, the pain you are feeling is a good guide to start thinking about how to change your architecture to support ease of testing. You also can just test portions of your application using the above concepts.
I'm writing a module-level integration test for a system using Spring Integration. I need the integration plan up and running but at this level am still using MockMvc and a mocked repository interface to ensure that I have all of my mappings, conversions, and message routing correct.
Right now, my module-level Enable configuration is meta-annotated with #EnableMongoRepositories, and the Spring test runner aborts because it doesn't have a live mongoTemplate to create the repositories from; the mock repository doesn't prevent the attempt to create real ones.
I know that I can conditionalize the inclusion of #EnableMongoRepositories, but is there simpler way to tell Spring Data not to create repository proxies if I'm already supplying mocks for them?
Basaically if I understand correctly you have two kinds of set up for your MongoDB repositories, mock and live. So you want to run integration tests and control the repository that is being used. I would suggest using "Spring Profiles".
create an simple interface say MongodbCofig
crate two configuration classes for mock and live. Make sure these classes implement MongodbConfig. Set the profiles (#Profiles) in both the classes.
Later activate the required profile before running the tests
For detailed understanding of profiles you can refer here