I am very new to programming, and while working on my first software development project I came across the error: "package javax.activation is not visible." I have read other posts that have said that in order to fix the error, one must add a dependency to the module path?
Because I'm just starting out, I really don't know what this means and how to go about that, and was wondering if someone could point me in the right direction? Thanks in advance. (I'm also using JGrasp if that matters)
Broadly speaking, a dependency is code (often written by someone else) which your application needs to compile.
A dependency in your case, is a java library which has classes that need to be on your class path. You can find more about class paths here: https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/essential/environment/paths.html. In order to overcome error mentioned in a question, you need to have javax.activation module dependency on your class path.
You could do it in few ways. In the majority of IDEs (in your case we are talking about JGrasp) there is a way to add a dependency to the project directly. Then, your IDE would compile the code with given dependency on a class path and problem would be solved. And that would be the first and most beginner-friendly way, unfortunately I haven't a faintest idea about JGrasp so I'm going to focus on other solutions.
The second way you could do this is to build your program with build automation tool, such as Apache Maven or Gradle. You should definitely check those guys out, as they are insanely useful when it comes to building Java code and, sooner or later, you will probably start using them anyway. Let's say you have chosen Apache Maven. In your project you would then have a pom.xml file and you would simply look-up the needed dependency in Maven Central repository, add it to your dependencies section in pom.xml file and build the application. Your pom would look something like this:
<project>
...
<dependencies>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.validation/validation-api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.validation</groupId>
<artifactId>validation-api</artifactId>
<version>2.0.1.Final</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
...
</project>
Of course Apache Maven is not a lightweight tool so you would have to take some time to learn how to build code with it. I recommend starting with this tutorial:
https://maven.apache.org/guides/getting-started/maven-in-five-minutes.html
I also encourage you to get your hands on Apache Maven docs, as it is quite readable and transparent.
And the last way I can think of is to manually compile your application and include the required dependency during the compilation process. There are plenty of tutorials on SO that tell you how to do this, so I'll simply summarize and indicate the resources. What you need to do is to find the required dependency jar package. You will want to search the maven central repository (see: https://mvnrepository.com/) and from there download your .jar file. The next thing you need to do is to learn how to compile your Java code to .class files including the downloaded jar. To acquire such a wonderful skill, please see this one: How to include jar files with java file and compile in command prompt
Amongst those three ways, the recommended one is to get to know with build tools such as Apache Maven or Gradle. Hope I helped you! Good luck
Related
I just produced my first parent-module project with maven, and successfully installed it. Can I add this project as a dependency in another project, only by referring to the parent? My Eclipse IDE complains that it can't find the parent.jar, but that is not a surprise, as it is packaged as parent.pom.
Question:
So is it possible to add a parent (.pom) dependency, and get all transitive dependencies for free, or do I have to add .jar's.
Bonus Question:
Is it possible to add dependencies to other packaging formats as well, like a war? I can't really figure out how that would work, or why I would need that at this point though. Just curious.
Disclaimer:
I'm still learning maven, and find the philosophy and theory of it to be great. However, there are so many pits and reefs that seems to pop out, and more than once, I struggle to see if I'm trying to do something impossible, or if there is another mistake in configurations I.E. Right now Eclipse says it can't find any of my .m2 referenced dependencies in this one particular project. I have no idea why, as other projects works fine. I am in other words trying to find the error, by checking one area at the time...
Answer: Yes, you can add different types such as pom, test-jar and so on. Jar is just the default
Bonus Answer: Yes, you can specify type war as well
The Maven-Guide defines the following types: "The current core packaging values are: pom, jar, maven-plugin, ejb, war, ear, rar, par."
Here is a example on how a POM is included:
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.my</groupId>
<artifactId>comm-group</artifactId>
<type>pom</type>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
This (the pom of comm-group) is oftenly used to group certain dependencies and include all of them using the type-pom.
Here is additional information on grouping: http://blog.sonatype.com/2009/10/maven-tips-and-tricks-grouping-dependencies/#.VFC7LR_JY8c Note that there are similar behaviours you could create using polymorphism.
I had my issues with maven when we migrated from Ant and i still have certain concernes on it (like were is the advantage of maven if 80% of our SWEs apply wrong scopes, types and so on leading to a massive drawback if they just 'need to add a fcking jar' as well as to refactorings lead by "maven gurus").
BUT: I can guarantee you that if you go throught http://maven.apache.org/pom.html completely you will aquire statisfieing results compared to ANT over time.
Update: I just ran into the case where my pom could not be included on the remote build server while it worked building it from inside Intellij Idea/ Eclipse. Type definition in my case had to be lowercase (e.g. 'pom' instead of 'POM').
I am following an online tutorial, and am stuck trying to get Spring libraries to run things with. The instructions are either a little out of date or assume I know how to do things in a Maven world that I do not.
They give web addresses on the Spring site from which they say I can "download the jars". But you can't download jars from any of them; evidently what you can do is find pom.xml fragments and use them to download jars. If you know how.
For example: the tutorial says:
Finally, following is the list of Spring and other libraries to be
included in your web application. You simply drag these files and drop
them in WebContent/WEB-INF/lib folder.
commons-logging-x.y.z.jar
org.springframework.asm-x.y.z.jar
org.springframework.beans-x.y.z.jar
org.springframework.context-x.y.z.jar
org.springframework.core-x.y.z.jar
org.springframework.expression-x.y.z.jar
org.springframework.web.servlet-x.y.z.jar
org.springframework.web-x.y.z.jar
spring-web.jar
I love the "simply" here.
I have many but not all of these (version 3.2.4). I have googled the library names and used jarfinder for the ones I don't have, but haven't found them all. It seems to me I'm flailing around a bit, just trying this and that until something works. I hate that.
I'm hoping someone can give me a set of steps I should follow when faced with this sort of thing, since we're faced with it all the time. Do I need to stop my current study of programming and learn Maven inside and out so that I can configure the bloody system so I can program again?
Is it a maven project you have?
If so in the pom.xml you just need to place the “pom fragments” in the xml.
i.e. between the dependencies tags. For example,
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.8.2</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
Once you have done that run maven install. Under Eclipse it is: run as > maven install.
That will download all the dependences i.e. jars you have listed into the you local maven repository.
I think the default is C:\Users\yourName\.m2\repository
Found most of the needed jar files here:
http://www.java2s.com/Code/Jar/CatalogJar.htm
while I downloaded commons-logging here:
http://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-logging/commons-logging/1.2
My advice is, stop study you program language, Java I guess and learn how to integrate maven dependencies of Spring in your Maven project.
http://spring.io/blog/2009/12/02/obtaining-spring-3-artifacts-with-maven/
You cannot start the house from the roof
Dependency issues, we've all dealt with them, but I'm mostly used to C# and now working in Java so I have some questions.
Let's say I add a library to my project, called ExtLib.
ExtLib has a certain library included in its lib-folder, let's call it LogLib-1.0.
I'm using Eclipse and I've made a User Library for ExtLib, included its main jar file and all of the files in its lib-folder. So far so good.
But now I want to do some logging of my own, so I make another User Library and add the newer LogLib-1.1 to it, because it has some new features I want to use.
Can I ever be sure I'm not breaking ExtLib this way?
I know .NET uses the Global Assembly Cache and methods like that, but I have no clue how Java handles this. I tried Googling, but didn't find much, a few mentions of the Classloader here and there, but nothing helpful.
Can anyone tell me what a proper way to deal with this issue is? Or is it no issue at all?
In this specific case (LogLib-1.0 and LogLib-1.1) we're dealing with the same library that is both a direct dependency of your application, and a "transitive" dependency via the ExtLib. In this situation, dependency management can come to help.
It will probably reason that LogLib-1.1 is a backward compatible release of LogLib-1.0, and it will decide that your application can run fine using only LogLib-1.1.
In the Java world, tools like Maven, Gradle or SBT exist to help you in this. Maven is the most widespread, and other tools often are compatible with Maven.
Usage
To solve this situation using Maven, you would add a file called pom.xml to your application, stating it depends on LogLib version 1.1. That might look like this (note that this example is pure fiction):
<dependency>
<groupId>org.loglib</groupId>
<artifactId>loglib</artifactId>
<version>1.1</version>
</dependency>
The ExtLib you're using also has a pom.xml shipped with it, and it might state
<dependency>
<groupId>org.loglib</groupId>
<artifactId>loglib</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
</dependency>
Maven (or any other tool) would decide that including LogLib-1.1 is sufficient to get your application running. When using Maven, mvn depedency:tree helps you visualise that.
Deployment
With respect to the packaging / deployment question: mvn package will package your application to a jar, war or ear archive, including only the dependencies you need (and not two versions of the same lib). This makes you don't have to worry about the order in which your application server reads the jar files.
I have a Maven project (ejb container) where I need to use the jcifs library.
I made the entries in pom.xml like:
<dependency>
<groupId>jcifs</groupId>
<artifactId>jcifs</artifactId>
<version>1.3.17</version>
<type>jar</type>
</dependency>
Everything is okay, I see the jar file inside the ear package, I see it also in the dependencies of the project, I can use the classes but at runtime I get:
javax.ejb.EJBException: java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: jcifs/smb/SmbFile
at org.jboss.ejb3.tx.Ejb3TxPolicy.handleExceptionInOurTx(Ejb3TxPolicy.java:63)
What am I doing wrong?
Right-click the webproject and go to properties -> Java EE Module Dependencies. Check the Maven dependencies is checked.If not check and redeploy .
I would like to help the people who are as stupid as I am. This is not really the about the same scenario as asked for in this question, but this question helped me to figure out my problem.
I wrote a little code in a scratch file, in my case in Intellij. Before that I added the jcifs dependency to my maven project, assuming that the scratch file would find it there, which in hindsight is a bit stupid, because how would the scratch space know.
So my hint is to have a look where the dependency will actually have an effect, i.e. is available - compile time, runtime, scratch space?
Also I wanted to mention that I used this library, which works very fine for me https://github.com/hierynomus/smbj.
So in my case I edited the run configuration so that it would take the maven modules configuration into the classpath.
So my guess is that #SANN3 's answer is correct for the actual question.
I'm currently working on a Java class whose dependencies are resolved by maven. I now try to integrate the class into a JRuby script.
Is it possible to manage the java dependencies such that the corresponding .jar files and the Java class file are handed over to JRuby automatically?
I have tried to call JRuby from maven, but wasn't able to fix the dependencies. Is there a possibility of handing over the correct maven class path inside the pom.xml file?
Thanks a lot, Philipp
It's not quite what you're after, but you might take a look at this question and answer and compile your Java 'with dependencies', using the assembly:single plugin/goal. Then your JRuby scripts only need to reference a single jar to work.
Whether it's a useful idea or not is dependent on your needs, and how you want to distribute your scripts.
<dependency>
<groupId>org.jruby</groupId>
<artifactId>jruby</artifactId>
<version>1.7.10</version>
</dependency>
Add this to pom.xml and try. This should automatically pull the Jruby jar for your project.