I'm trying to create a service that handles networking in my app. I followed all the steps in https://developer.android.com/reference/android/app/Service and https://developer.android.com/guide/components/bound-services#Binding, but the activity doesn't seem to connect with the service.
Here is the SocketService, which has the TcpClient object that connects to my server using sockets:
public class SocketService extends Service{
TcpClient tcpClient = new TcpClient();
private final IBinder mBinder = new LocalBinder();
/**
* Class used for the client Binder. Because we know this service always
* runs in the same process as its clients, we don't need to deal with IPC.
*/
public class LocalBinder extends Binder {
SocketService getService() {
// Return this instance of LocalService so clients can call public methods
return SocketService.this;
}
}
#Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return mBinder;
}
/*
* Client methods
*/
public void connect(MyCallback callback, String ip, int port){
tcpClient.connect(callback, ip, port);
}
public String disconnect(){
return tcpClient.disconnect();
}
public String send(String data){
return tcpClient.send(data);
}
public String recv(){
return tcpClient.recv();
}
}
Here is my main activity:
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
SocketService socketService;
boolean bound = false;
#Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
}
#Override
protected void onStart(){
super.onStart();
Intent serviceIntent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, SocketService.class);
if(bindService(serviceIntent, mConnection, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE)){
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "bound", Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
}
if(bound) {
socketService.connect(this, ip, port);
} else {
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "not bond", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
}
/*
* Service callback
*/
private ServiceConnection mConnection = new ServiceConnection() {
#Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName className,
IBinder service) {
// We've bound to LocalService, cast the IBinder and get LocalService instance
Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "ServiceConnection", Toast.LENGTH_LONG);
socketService = ((SocketService.LocalBinder) service).getService();
bound = true;
}
#Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName arg0) {
socketService = null;
bound = false;
}
};
}
And the AndroidManifest:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.example.drrbarrera.home">
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="#mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="#string/app_name"
android:roundIcon="#mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
android:supportsRtl="true"
android:theme="#style/AppTheme">
<activity android:name=".MainActivity">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<service
android:name=".SocketService"
android:enabled="true"
android:exported="true">
</service>
</application>
</manifest>
As I said before, the MainActivity doesn't seem to connect. "socketService" (in the MainActivity) stays null and "bound" stays false, like if "mConnection" wasn't being executed. Any idea of what might be wrong?
Any help is appreciated.
Thanks in advance!
The call to bindService() returns a boolean result telling you whether the bind is successful (really, it means in progress). The operation is asynchronous, even within the same process (which is what your LocalBinder is.)
In other words, the binding is not complete until your ServiceConnection.onServiceConnected() is called back. Once that callback is hit and you get the service binder, then you can call through to the backing service.
A few other notes to help you out:
Since your Service is running in the same process as your Activity, the calls are direct and not using binder threads. This will have an effect on your Activity code.
Blocking calls should not be main on your main (UI) thread. This means if your Activity code is going to call socketService.connect(), it will need to do it from a background thread. Otherwise, you will get an exception as Android now prevents network I/O on the main thread. Other types of blocking operations can result in an ANR, which will result in your app crashing.
If your network I/O is for REST or other HTTP related traffic, look at using Retrofit or Volley as they are highly performant, extensible and deal with network and HTTP related heavy lifting for you.
Related
I'm writing a service that tracks system changes, meaning, I'm willing to track whenever a keyboard becomes visible / hidden for any application.
To achieve the following task, i built a small Activity that launches a services
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
#Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
Intent serviceIntent = new Intent(this, MyService.class);
startService(serviceIntent);
//setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
}
}
The manifest.xml itself
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="somepackage">
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="#mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="#string/app_name"
android:roundIcon="#mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
android:supportsRtl="true"
android:theme="#style/AppTheme">
<activity android:name=".MainActivity">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<service
android:name=".MyService"
android:enabled="true"
android:exported="true"
android:configChanges="orientation|screenSize|keyboardHidden"></service>
</application>
</manifest>
and the service itself:
public class MyService extends Service {
public MyService() {
}
private static final String TAG =
"abbeyservice";
#Override
public void onCreate() {
Log.d(TAG, "Service onCreate");
}
#Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
Log.i(TAG, "Service onStartCommand");
return Service.START_STICKY;
}
#Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent arg0) {
Log.i(TAG, "Service onBind");
return null;
}
#Override
public void onConfigurationChanged(Configuration newConfig) {
super.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);
}
#Override
public void onDestroy() {
Log.i(TAG, "Service onDestroy");
}
}
Problem is I'm notified for changes within, and only for my activity. Which is seen as a white screen for unknown reasons(even though i didn't use SetContentView(..))
When you talk of "keyboard" you are talking about the soft keyboard. This doesn't result in a configuration change, as the configuration has not changed.
There are devices with hardware keyboards that slide out, so they generate a configuration change event when they are slid out or back in again. There is also a possibility to attach an external keyboard to some Android devices and the act of connecting or disconnecting a hardware keyboard also generates a configuration change event.
To detect if the keyboard is shown in your own app, see
How to check visibility of software keyboard in Android?
As far as I know, there is no way to find out if the soft keyboard is shown in another app.
So I have two different apps made, one sends a broadcast and another receives it and displays a toast. However, when I close the receiver app the broadcast is no longer received by the second app even though I defined the receiver in the manifest file.
The broadcast sender in the MainActivity of app1.
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
#Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
Button b = (Button)findViewById(R.id.button2);
b.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
#Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Intent i = new Intent();
i.setAction("com.example.ali.rrr");
i.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_INCLUDE_STOPPED_PACKAGES);
sendBroadcast(i);
Log.e("Broadcast","sent");
}
});
}
App 2 broadcast receiver:
public class MyReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
#Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
// TODO: This method is called when the BroadcastReceiver is receiving
// an Intent broadcast.
Toast.makeText(context, "Broadcast has been recieved!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
Log.e("SUCCESS", "IN RECIEVER");
//throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not yet implemented");
}
App 2s Manifest:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="#mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="#string/app_name"
android:roundIcon="#mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
android:supportsRtl="true"
android:theme="#style/AppTheme">
<receiver
android:name=".MyReceiver"
android:enabled="true"
android:exported="true">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="com.example.ali.rrr" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
<activity
android:name=".MainActivity"
android:label="#string/title_activity_main"
android:theme="#style/AppTheme.NoActionBar" />
<activity
android:name=".Main2Activity"
android:label="#string/title_activity_main2"
android:theme="#style/AppTheme.NoActionBar">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application>
After registering my BroadcastReceiver (BR) statically in the manifest, applying the proper intent filters, using JobIntentService (and registering it in the manifest) to handle the work that was called from my BR, I was still getting inconsistent results.
Once all of what I listed above has been done you should be able to send an ADB command to activate your broadcast and process the work in your service even if the app is closed. This was working for me some of the time, but not all of the time.
This article describes limitation to BRs.
"As of Android 3.1 the Android system excludes all receiver from receiving intents by default if the corresponding application has never been started by the user or if the user explicitly stopped the application via the Android menu" (AKA a user executes Force Stop)
When I start the app by debugging it, then swipe it closed on my device, my ADB command never activates my BR. However, after my debugging session is over, when I open up the app on my device and swipe it closed, I can activate my BR through ADB commands.
This occurs because when you debug an application, then manually swipe it closed on the device, Android considers this a Force Stop hence why my BR cannot be activated until I re-open the app on the device without debugging.
Scoured the internet for hours, and wasn't able to find my solution, so I thought I'd post it here just in case some poor unfortunate soul is encountering the same weird functionality I was.
Happy coding :)
First of all you need to use the Service for this functionality to work.
In the Activity you can start and stop the service by using the below codes.
// to start a service
Intent service = new Intent(context, MyBrodcastRecieverService.class);
context.startService(service);
// to Stop service
Intent service = new Intent(context, MyBrodcastRecieverService.class);
context.stopService(service);
Then you can use the below service
public class MyBrodcastRecieverService extends Service
{
private static BroadcastReceiver br_ScreenOffReceiver;
#Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent arg0)
{
return null;
}
#Override
public void onCreate()
{
registerScreenOffReceiver();
}
#Override
public void onDestroy()
{
unregisterReceiver(br__ScreenOffReceiver);
m_ScreenOffReceiver = null;
}
private void registerScreenOffReceiver()
{
br_ScreenOffReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver()
{
#Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)
{
Log.d(TAG, "ACTION_SCREEN_OFF");
// do something, e.g. send Intent to main app
}
};
IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_OFF);
registerReceiver(br_ScreenOffReceiver, filter);
}
}
I faced this issue recently. The BroadcastReceiver was working fine even if the app was removed from the background in the emulator and Samsung phones. But it failed to start my app in Chinese manufactured phones like Realme, Mi etc. While struggling to find a way to fix this I found that in the app details page there is battery optimisation settings where the Auto-launch feature was disabled. After I enabled it the app was working fine and BroadcastReceiver was able to start the app. I was unable ti find a way to enable this setting programmatically but I found this question which helped me direct the user to that setting page.
You can go through below solution;
Activity.java
Intent intent=new Intent(MainActivity.this,BroadcastService.class);
startService(intent);
BroadcastService.java
public class BroadcastService extends Service {
private static MusicIntentReceiver br_ScreenOffReceiver;
#Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent arg0)
{
return null;
}
#Override
public void onCreate()
{
registerScreenOffReceiver();
}
#Override
public void onDestroy()
{
}
private void registerScreenOffReceiver()
{
br_ScreenOffReceiver = new MusicIntentReceiver()
{
#Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)
{
if (intent.getAction().equals(Intent.ACTION_HEADSET_PLUG)) {
int state = intent.getIntExtra("state", -1);
switch (state) {
case 0:
Log.e("AAAAAAAAAA", "Headset is unplugged");
break;
case 1:
Log.e("AAAAAAAAA", "Headset is plugged");
break;
default:
Log.e("AAAAAAAAAAAA", "I have no idea what the headset state is");
}
}
}
};
IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(Intent.ACTION_HEADSET_PLUG);
registerReceiver(br_ScreenOffReceiver, filter);
}
}
Menifest
<service android:enabled="true" android:name=".BroadcastService" />
Try this way..
Intent i = new Intent();
i.setAction("com.example.ali.rrr");
i.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_INCLUDE_STOPPED_PACKAGES);
i.setComponent(
new ComponentName("PackageNameApp2","PackageNameApp2.MainActivity"));
sendBroadcast(i);
I have my main activity that start a service (Location service) and I want that service to broadcast the new location each time a new location is found.
Thanks to the log I know the service is working and I have new locations every seconds or so, but I never get the broadcast.
MainActivity.java
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private static final String TAG = "mainActivity";
private CMBroadcastReceiver mMessageReceiver = new CMBroadcastReceiver();
/** Called when the activity is first created. */
#Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// Start Service
startService(new Intent(this, LocationService.class));
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
}
#Override
public void onResume()
{
LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this).registerReceiver(
mMessageReceiver, new IntentFilter(CMBroadcastReceiver.RECEIVE_LOCATION_UPDATE));
super.onResume();
}
#Override
public void onPause()
{
LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this).unregisterReceiver(mMessageReceiver);
super.onPause();
}
}
CMBroadcastReceiver.java
public class CMBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
private static final String TAG = "CMBroadcastReceiver";
public static final String RECEIVE_LOCATION_UPDATE = "LOCATION_UPDATES";
#Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
Log.i(TAG, "Received broadcast");
String action = intent.getAction();
if (action.equals(RECEIVE_LOCATION_UPDATE))
{
Log.i(TAG, "Received location update from service!");
}
}
}
LocationService.java
/**
* Callback that fires when the location changes.
*/
#Override
public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {
mCurrentLocation = location;
mLastUpdateTime = DateFormat.getTimeInstance().format(new Date());
Log.i(TAG, "onLocationChanged " + location);
Intent intent = new Intent(CMBroadcastReceiver.RECEIVE_LOCATION_UPDATE);
LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this).sendBroadcast(intent);
Log.i(TAG, "Broadcast sent");
}
AndroidManifest.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.cyclemapapp.gpstracker">
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION"/>
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="#mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="#string/app_name"
android:supportsRtl="true"
android:theme="#style/AppTheme">
<activity
android:name=".MainActivity"
android:label="#string/title_activity_main"
android:theme="#style/AppTheme.NoActionBar">
android:configChanges="orientation|screenSize">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<service android:name=".LocationService" android:process=":location_service" />
</application>
I the log I can see that "Broadcast Sent" But I never get the "Broadcast Received"
Any help will would be greatly appreciated.
EDIT:
Edited how the intent was created in the location service as Shaishav suggested.
Still doesn't work.
LocalBroadcastManager does not work across processes. Your Service is running in a separate process.
You can either run your Service in the same process as the Activity - by removing the process attribute from the <service> element - or use some sort of IPC instead - e.g., by sending and receiving the broadcasts on a Context instead of LocalBroadcastManager.
In your LocationService, send local broadcast using:
Intent intent = new Intent(CMBroadcastReceiver.RECEIVE_LOCATION_UPDATE);
LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(this).sendBroadcast(intent);
<service android:name=".LocationService" android:process=":location_service" />
Your service is in a separate process from the activity. LocalBroadcastManager is only for use in one process. Either remove android:process from the <service>, or use some IPC mechanism (e.g., system broadcasts, properly secured).
I am trying to start a Service that implements SensorEventListener. I am getting an error in my logcat claiming:
android.content.ActivityNotFoundException:Unable to find explicit activity class
{com.devicemoved/com.devicemoved.ShakeWakeupService};
have you declared this activity in your AndroidManifest.xml?
My Service is declared in my manifest as shown:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.devicemoved"
android:versionCode="1"
android:versionName="1.0" >
<uses-sdk
android:minSdkVersion="8"
android:targetSdkVersion="18" />
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="#drawable/ic_launcher"
android:label="#string/app_name"
android:theme="#style/AppTheme" >
<activity
android:name="com.devicemoved.launcherGo"
android:label="#string/app_name" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<service android:name="com.devicemoved.ShakeWakeupService" />
</application>
The Activity
public class ShakeWakeupService extends Service implements SensorEventListener {
private Context mContext;
SensorManager mSensorEventManager;
Sensor mSensor;
// BroadcastReceiver for handling ACTION_SCREEN_OFF.
public BroadcastReceiver mReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
#Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
// Check action just to be on the safe side.
if (intent.getAction().equals(Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_OFF)) {
Log.v("shake mediator screen off", "trying re-registration");
// Unregisters the listener and registers it again.
mSensorEventManager.unregisterListener(ShakeWakeupService.this);
mSensorEventManager.registerListener(ShakeWakeupService.this,
mSensor, SensorManager.SENSOR_DELAY_NORMAL);
}
}
};
#Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
Log.v("shake service startup", "registering for shake");
mContext = getApplicationContext();
// Obtain a reference to system-wide sensor event manager.
mSensorEventManager = (SensorManager) mContext
.getSystemService(Context.SENSOR_SERVICE);
// Get the default sensor for accel
mSensor = mSensorEventManager
.getDefaultSensor(Sensor.TYPE_ACCELEROMETER);
// Register for events.
mSensorEventManager.registerListener(this, mSensor,
SensorManager.SENSOR_DELAY_NORMAL);
// Register our receiver for the ACTION_SCREEN_OFF action. This will
// make our receiver
// code be called whenever the phone enters standby mode.
IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_OFF);
registerReceiver(mReceiver, filter);
}
#Override
public void onDestroy() {
// Unregister our receiver.
unregisterReceiver(mReceiver);
// Unregister from SensorManager.
mSensorEventManager.unregisterListener(this);
}
#Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
// We don't need a IBinder interface.
return null;
}
public void onShake() {
// Poke a user activity to cause wake?
}
public void onAccuracyChanged(Sensor sensor, int accuracy) {
// not used right now
}
// Used to decide if it is a shake
public void onSensorChanged(SensorEvent event) {
if (event.sensor.getType() != Sensor.TYPE_ACCELEROMETER)
return;
Log.v("sensor", "sensor change is verifying");
}
}
The only thing I could possibly think of is that I am suppose to declare a broadcast receiver since I am using it in my class but I am not sure how to do that in this instance because I am not extending Broadcastreceiver.
I am calling this class from an activity with a button.
Any help will be great Thank You
You can already declared the package in the manifest tag, you should only need the .ShakeWakeupService part. Also make sure there is an empty constructor available for the system to construct your service
I am having issue when sending data from Service to Activity through Notification , I click a Notification an Activity get invoked but when i try to add some parameters through bundle i am not able to get the parameters in that called intent , I have gone through the link
How to send parameters from a notification-click to an activity?
But still no luck.
Has the same issue occurred with somebody else ?
Thanks in advance.
You have to modify the Manifest file as well.
Here is the example that works:
These variables and methods are members of Service class:
public static final String MOVEMENT_UPDATE = "com.client.gaitlink.AccelerationService.action.MOVEMENT_UPDATE";
public static final String ACCELERATION_X = "com.client.gaitlink.AccelerationService.ACCELERATION_X";
public static final String ACCELERATION_Y = "com.client.gaitlink.AccelerationService.ACCELERATION_Y";
public static final String ACCELERATION_Z = "com.client.gaitlink.AccelerationService.ACCELERATION_Z";
private void announceAccelerationChanges()//this method sends broadcast messages
{
Intent intent = new Intent(MOVEMENT_UPDATE);
intent.putExtra(ACCELERATION_X, accelerationX);
intent.putExtra(ACCELERATION_Y, accelerationY);
intent.putExtra(ACCELERATION_Z, accelerationZ);
sendBroadcast(intent);
}
And this are the methods from Main activity:
You have to register receiver in the onResume method:
#Override
public void onResume()
{
IntentFilter movementFilter;
movementFilter = new IntentFilter(AccelerationService.MOVEMENT_UPDATE);
accelerationReceiver = new AccelerationServiceReceiver();
registerReceiver(accelerationReceiver, movementFilter);
startAccelerationService();
super.onResume();
}
private void startAccelerationService()
{
startService(new Intent(this, AccelerationService.class));
}
public class AccelerationServiceReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver
{
#Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)//this method receives broadcast messages. Be sure to modify AndroidManifest.xml file in order to enable message receiving
{
accelerationX = intent.getDoubleExtra(AccelerationService.ACCELERATION_X, 0);
accelerationY = intent.getDoubleExtra(AccelerationService.ACCELERATION_Y, 0);
accelerationZ = intent.getDoubleExtra(AccelerationService.ACCELERATION_Z, 0);
announceSession();
updateGUI();
}
}
This is the part of AndroidManifest.xml file that has to be set in order to receive broadcast messages:
<activity android:name=".GaitLink"
android:label="#string/app_name">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
<action android:name="com.client.gaitlink.CommunicationService.action.ACTIVITY_STATUS_UPDATE" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>