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java.io.IOException: null InputStream when changing higher SDK version in android studio

I am very new to android and java development.
I am trying to devlop an app and integrate one SDK from Emarsys.. This SDK requires the app to use higher sdk version.
But after changing the SDK version to the higher version (33), I have an error and the app is always being terminated immediately..
DropBoxUtil pid-9840 [AppErrors] null InputStream [CONTEXT service_id=254 ]
java.io.IOException: null InputStream
at boqn.c(:com.google.android.gms#230413037#23.04.13 (150400-505809224):23)
Here is my gradle.bundle
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
android {
compileSdkVersion 33
defaultConfig {
applicationId "io.ionic.starter"
minSdkVersion 24
targetSdkVersion 33
versionCode 1
versionName "1.0"
testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
aaptOptions {
// Files and dirs to omit from the packaged assets dir, modified to accommodate modern web apps.
// Default: https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/282e181b58cf72b6ca770dc7ca5f91f135444502/tools/aapt/AaptAssets.cpp#61
ignoreAssetsPattern '!.svn:!.git:!.ds_store:!*.scc:.*:!CVS:!thumbs.db:!picasa.ini:!*~'
}
}
buildTypes {
release {
minifyEnabled false
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
}
}
}
repositories {
flatDir{
dirs '../capacitor-cordova-android-plugins/src/main/libs', 'libs'
}
}
dependencies {
implementation fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')
implementation "androidx.appcompat:appcompat:$androidxAppCompatVersion"
implementation "androidx.coordinatorlayout:coordinatorlayout:$androidxCoordinatorLayoutVersion"
implementation "androidx.core:core-splashscreen:$coreSplashScreenVersion"
implementation project(':capacitor-android')
testImplementation "junit:junit:$junitVersion"
androidTestImplementation "androidx.test.ext:junit:$androidxJunitVersion"
androidTestImplementation "androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:$androidxEspressoCoreVersion"
implementation project(':capacitor-cordova-android-plugins')
//for emersys
implementation 'androidx.core:core-ktx:1.8.0'
implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.5.0'
//Emarsys
implementation 'com.emarsys:emarsys-sdk:3.4.0'
implementation 'com.emarsys:emarsys-firebase:+'
}
apply from: 'capacitor.build.gradle'
try {
def servicesJSON = file('google-services.json')
if (servicesJSON.text) {
apply plugin: 'com.google.gms.google-services'
}
} catch(Exception e) {
logger.info("google-services.json not found, google-services plugin not applied. Push Notifications won't work")
}
gradle in project
// Top-level build file where you can add configuration options common to all sub-projects/modules.
buildscript {
repositories {
google()
mavenCentral()
}
dependencies {
classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:7.2.1'
classpath 'com.google.gms:google-services:4.3.13'
// NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong
// in the individual module build.gradle files
}
}
apply from: "variables.gradle"
allprojects {
repositories {
google()
mavenCentral()
}
}
task clean(type: Delete) {
delete rootProject.buildDir
}
and here is the manifest
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="io.ionic.starter">
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="#mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="#string/app_name"
android:roundIcon="#mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
android:supportsRtl="true"
android:theme="#style/AppTheme">
<activity
android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden|keyboard|screenSize|locale|smallestScreenSize|screenLayout|uiMode"
android:name="io.ionic.starter.MainActivity"
android:label="#string/title_activity_main"
android:theme="#style/AppTheme.NoActionBarLaunch"
android:launchMode="singleTask"
android:exported="true">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<provider
android:name="androidx.core.content.FileProvider"
android:authorities="${applicationId}.fileprovider"
android:exported="false"
android:grantUriPermissions="true">
<meta-data
android:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"
android:resource="#xml/file_paths"></meta-data>
</provider>
<!-- Emersys-->
<meta-data
android:name="com.emarsys.mobileengage.notification_color"
android:resource="#color/colorPrimary" />
<meta-data
android:name="com.emarsys.mobileengage.small_notification_icon"
android:resource="#drawable/default_small_notification_icon" />
<service
android:name="com.emarsys.service.EmarsysFirebaseMessagingService"
android:exported="false">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="com.google.firebase.MESSAGING_EVENT" />
</intent-filter>
</service>
<!-- <provider-->
<!-- android:name="com.emarsys.provider.SharedHardwareIdentificationContentProvider"-->
<!-- android:authorities="${applicationId}"-->
<!-- android:enabled="true"-->
<!-- android:exported="true"-->
<!-- android:grantUriPermissions="true" />-->
</application>
<!-- Permissions -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
</manifest>
I am not sure what causing it, because I haven't even started to integrate the service from SDK..

I fixed this issue by taking lower version of the Emersys SDK :)

In build.gradle (project), update Google Service dependency to
classpath 'com.google.gms:google-services:4.3.15'

Android Studio suddenly can't find ANY drawable components

Like the title suggests, all of a sudden, my Android Studio projects simply can't locate any of my drawable resources that I call when using android:background="#drawable/serving_editor_background" for example, it'll just give me this error code for every single drawable that has been called:
AAPT: error: resource drawable/serving_editor_background (aka com.example.poop123:drawable/serving_editor_background) not found.
Execution failed for task ':app:mergeDebugResources'.
> com.android.build.gradle.tasks.ResourceException (no error message)
ParseError at [row,col]:[2,6]
Message: The processing instruction target matching "[xX][mM][lL]" is not allowed.
It literally does it for every single one (with their respective names and file path), all of the ones that used to work up until now, not a single one works, and I never changed anything in the gradle, but I'll still provide it:
plugins {
id 'com.android.application'
id 'com.google.gms.google-services'
}
android {
compileSdkVersion 30
buildToolsVersion "30.0.3"
defaultConfig {
applicationId "com.example.poop123"
minSdkVersion 23
targetSdkVersion 30
versionCode 1
versionName "1.0"
testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
}
buildTypes {
release {
minifyEnabled false
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android-optimize.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
}
}
compileOptions {
sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
}
}
dependencies {
implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.3.1'
implementation 'com.google.android.material:material:1.4.0'
implementation 'androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:2.1.1'
implementation 'com.ismaeldivita.chipnavigation:chip-navigation-bar:1.3.2'
implementation 'org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:1.3.72'
implementation 'androidx.legacy:legacy-support-v4:1.0.0'
implementation 'com.github.devlight.navigationtabstrip:navigationtabstrip:+'
implementation 'com.google.firebase:firebase-database:20.0.2'
implementation 'androidx.gridlayout:gridlayout:1.0.0'
implementation 'androidx.wear:wear:1.0.0'
testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.+'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:junit:1.1.3'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.4.0'
compileOnly 'com.google.android.wearable:wearable:2.6.0'
AndroidManifest.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.example.poop123">
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK" />
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="#mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="#string/app_name"
android:roundIcon="#mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
android:supportsRtl="true"
android:theme="#style/Theme.Poop123">
<activity android:name=".EditAddition"></activity>
<activity android:name=".ConfirmAddition" />
<activity android:name=".Goal" />
<activity android:name=".ActivityLevel" />
<activity android:name=".newFoodMenu" />
<activity android:name=".foodLibrary" />
<activity android:name=".MainActivity">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application>
</manifest>
I'm getting really frustrated at this, because I changed absolutely nothing (just a specific XML code for a certain activity), and now none of the drawables can be found.
If any more info, let me know.

Bascially, I loaded up an old version of the project, copy pasted all the new code into the current project, noticed that on one of the drawable's, I had an extra
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
And for some reason it completely clogged up the whole thing, and the exception messages it gave, had 0 to do with it in a sense, had to manually find the problem myself.

First of all locate the drawable folder of your project and see the resources. if you found the resources try android:src="#drawable/resource"

Error play-services-maps:17.0.1 in Android Studio

The following error is happening to me:
ERROR: Manifest merger failed with multiple errors, see logs (Gradle sync issues -> Manifest merger failed with multiples erros, see logs)
The AndroidManifest.xml file says the errors are:
Merging Errors: Error: Missing 'package' key attribute on element package at AndroidManifest.xml:33:9-64 play-services-maps:17.0.1 manifest, line 32 Error:
Validation failed, exiting play-services-maps:17.0.1 manifest
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.google.android.gms.maps" >
<uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="14" />
<!-- Include required permissions for Google Maps API to run. -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-feature
android:glEsVersion="0x00020000"
android:required="true" />
<queries>
<!-- Needs to be explicitly declared on Android R+ -->
<package android:name="com.google.android.apps.maps" />
</queries>
<application>
<!-- Needs to be explicitly declared on P+ -->
<uses-library
android:name="org.apache.http.legacy"
android:required="false" />
</application>
</manifest>
build.gradle (Project: app)
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
android {
compileSdkVersion 28
buildToolsVersion "30.0.3"
defaultConfig {
applicationId "com.example.testmaps"
minSdkVersion 21
targetSdkVersion 28
versionCode 1
versionName "1.0"
testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
}
buildTypes {
release {
minifyEnabled false
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android-optimize.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
}
}
}
dependencies {
implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.3.0'
implementation 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-maps:17.0.1'
testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test:runner:1.3.0'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.3.0'
}

If you replace com.google.android.gms:play-services-maps:17.0.1 to com.google.android.gms:play-services-maps:17.0.0, your problem will be solved.
Basically you have to use 17.0.0 of play-services-maps

Android Manifest Default Activity not found

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
package="com.gmail.mansur.project">
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.VIBRATE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-permission
android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_CACHE_FILESYSTEM"
tools:ignore="ProtectedPermissions" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INSTALL_SHORTCUT" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.UNINSTALL_SHORTCUT" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BROADCAST_STICKY" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE" />
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:hardwareAccelerated="true"
android:icon="#mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="#string/app_name"
android:roundIcon="#mipmap/mylogo"
android:supportsRtl="true"
android:theme="#style/AppTheme.NoActionBar"
tools:ignore="GoogleAppIndexingWarning"
>
<activity
android:name=".FirstActivity"
android:isScrollContainer="true"
android:label="#string/app_name"
android:screenOrientation="portrait"
android:theme="#style/Mansur"
android:windowSoftInputMode="adjustPan">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<activity
android:name=".MainActivity"
android:hardwareAccelerated="true"
android:isScrollContainer="true"
android:label="#string/app_name"
android:screenOrientation="portrait"
android:theme="#style/Mansur"
android:windowSoftInputMode="adjustPan">
</activity>
<activity
android:name=".StartActivity"
android:label="Bilgi Teknolojileri"
android:logo="#mipmap/mylogo"
android:screenOrientation="portrait"
android:theme="#style/AppTheme"
android:windowSoftInputMode="adjustPan"
tools:ignore="ExtraText" />
<service
android:name="com.example.myapplicationservices.MyApplicationService"
android:enabled="true"
android:exported="false" />
<!--android:stopWithTask="false"-->
</application>
</manifest>
// Top-level build file where you can add configuration options common to all sub-projects/modules.
buildscript {
ext {
release = [
versionName: "6.1.1",
versionCode: 6101
]
setup = [
compileSdk: 28,
buildTools: "28.0.3",
minSdk : 14,
targetSdk : 28
]
versions = [
androidX: '1.0.0',
constraintLayout: '1.1.3'
]
}
repositories {
google()
jcenter()
mavenCentral()
maven { url 'https://jitpack.io' }
maven {
url "https://maven.google.com"
}
}
dependencies {
classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.2.1'
classpath 'com.github.dcendents:android-maven-gradle-plugin:2.1'
classpath 'com.jfrog.bintray.gradle:gradle-bintray-plugin:1.8.4'
// classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.2.0'
}
}
allprojects {
repositories {
google()
jcenter()
mavenCentral()
maven { url "https://oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/snapshots/" }
maven {
url "https://maven.google.com"
}
}
}
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
android {
compileSdkVersion 28
defaultConfig {
multiDexEnabled true
applicationId "com.gmail.mansur.project"
minSdkVersion 22
targetSdkVersion 28
versionCode 1
versionName '1.1'
testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
// setProperty("archivesBaseName", "MaterialDrawer-v$versionName-c$versionCode")
}
buildTypes {
// debug {
// applicationIdSuffix ".debug"
// versionNameSuffix "-DEBUG"
// try {
// signingConfig signingConfigs.debug
// } catch (ex) {
// }
// minifyEnabled false
// }
release {
minifyEnabled false
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
}
}
packagingOptions {
exclude 'META-INF/DEPENDENCIES'
exclude 'META-INF/LICENSE'
exclude 'META-INF/LICENSE.txt'
exclude 'META-INF/license.txt'
exclude 'META-INF/NOTICE'
exclude 'META-INF/NOTICE.txt'
exclude 'META-INF/notice.txt'
exclude 'META-INF/android.support.design_material.version'
exclude 'META-INF/androidx.localbroadcastmanager_localbroadcastmanager.version'
exclude 'META-INF/androidx.transition_transition.version'
exclude 'META-INF/androidx.appcompat_appcompat.version'
exclude 'META-INF/androidx.swiperefreshlayout_swiperefreshlayout.version'
exclude 'META-INF/androidx.cursoradapter_cursoradapter.version'
exclude 'META-INF/androidx.drawerlayout_drawerlayout.version'
exclude 'META-INF/androidx.print_print.version'
exclude 'META-INF/androidx.versionedparcelable_versionedparcelable.version'
exclude 'META-INF/androidx.interpolator_interpolator.version'
exclude 'META-INF/androidx.fragment_fragment.version'
exclude 'META-INF/androidx.customview_customview.version'
exclude 'META-INF/androidx.documentfile_documentfile.version'
exclude 'META-INF/androidx.legacy_legacy-support-core-utils.version'
exclude 'META-INF/androidx.vectordrawable_vectordrawable.version'
exclude 'META-INF/androidx.loader_loader.version'
exclude 'META-INF/androidx.viewpager_viewpager.version'
exclude 'META-INF/androidx.asynclayoutinflater_asynclayoutinflater.version'
exclude 'META-INF/androidx.recyclerview_recyclerview.version'
exclude 'META-INF/androidx.core_core.version'
exclude 'META-INF/proguard/androidx-annotations.pro'
exclude 'META-INF/androidx.vectordrawable_vectordrawable-animated.version'
exclude 'META-INF/androidx.slidingpanelayout_slidingpanelayout.version'
exclude 'META-INF/androidx.cardview_cardview.version'
exclude 'META-INF/androidx.coordinatorlayout_coordinatorlayout.version'
exclude 'META-INF/androidx.legacy_legacy-support-core-ui.version'
exclude 'META-INF/com.google.android.material_material.version'
}
repositories {
maven { url 'https://jitpack.io' }
maven { url "http://clojars.org/repo" }
}
compileOptions {
targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
}
buildToolsVersion '28.0.3'
productFlavors {
}
// lintOptions {
// abortOnError false
// }
}
dependencies {
implementation fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')
// implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:28.0.0'
// implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:28.0.0-alpha1'
// implementation 'com.android.support:design:28.0.0-alpha1'
// implementation 'com.android.support:design:28.0.0'
// implementation 'com.android.support:support-v4:28.0.0-alpha1'
implementation 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:1.1.3'
implementation project(':myapplicationwebapi')
implementation project(':myapplicationservices')
implementation 'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:28.0.0'
implementation 'de.hdodenhof:circleimageview:2.2.0'
implementation 'com.github.leinardi:FloatingActionButtonSpeedDial:master-SNAPSHOT'
implementation 'com.kaopiz:kprogresshud:1.2.0'
implementation 'com.yarolegovich:lovely-dialog:1.1.0'
implementation 'com.muddzdev:styleabletoast:2.1.2'
implementation 'com.annimon:stream:1.2.1'
implementation project(':recyclerrefreshlayout')
implementation 'com.android.support:support-annotations:28.0.0'
implementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.2'
implementation 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.2'
implementation 'com.mikepenz:materialdrawer:6.1.1'
implementation 'com.google.android.material:material:1.0.0'
implementation "com.google.android.material:material:${versions.androidX}"
implementation "androidx.appcompat:appcompat:${versions.androidX}"
implementation "androidx.recyclerview:recyclerview:${versions.androidX}"
implementation "androidx.cardview:cardview:${versions.androidX}"
implementation "androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:${versions.constraintLayout}"
implementation 'com.squareup.picasso:picasso:2.5.2'
implementation 'com.github.bumptech.glide:glide:3.8.0'
// the sample uses more advanced functions of the fastadapter
// https://github.com/mikepenz/FastAdapter/
implementation 'com.mikepenz:fastadapter-commons:3.3.0'
// used to generate the Open Source section
// https://github.com/mikepenz/AboutLibraries
implementation 'com.mikepenz:aboutlibraries:6.2.0'
//used to provide different itemAnimators for the RecyclerView
//https://github.com/mikepenz/ItemAnimators
implementation 'com.mikepenz:itemanimators:1.1.0'
// used to provide the MiniDrawer to normal Drawer crossfade effect via a SlidingPane layout
// --> https://github.com/mikepenz/MaterialDrawer/blob/develop/app/src/main/java/com/mikepenz/materialdrawer/app/MiniDrawerActivity.java
// https://github.com/mikepenz/Crossfader
implementation 'com.mikepenz:crossfader:1.6.0'
// used to provide the two step crossfade DrawerLayout. Which allows to have a mini layout which transforms to a normal layout within the drawer
// --> https://github.com/mikepenz/MaterialDrawer/blob/develop/app/src/main/java/com/mikepenz/materialdrawer/app/CrossfadeDrawerLayoutActvitiy.java
// https://github.com/mikepenz/CrossfadeDrawerLayout
implementation('com.mikepenz:crossfadedrawerlayout:1.1.0')
implementation 'com.mikepenz:google-material-typeface:3.0.1.3.original#aar'
implementation 'com.mikepenz:fontawesome-typeface:5.3.1.1#aar'
implementation 'com.mikepenz:octicons-typeface:3.2.0.5#aar'
//font
implementation 'com.mikepenz:material-design-iconic-typeface:2.2.0.5#aar'
implementation 'com.mikepenz:meteocons-typeface:1.1.0.5#aar'
implementation 'com.mikepenz:community-material-typeface:2.7.94.1#aar'
implementation 'com.mikepenz:weather-icons-typeface:2.0.10.5#aar'
implementation 'com.mikepenz:typeicons-typeface:2.0.7.5#aar'
implementation 'com.mikepenz:entypo-typeface:1.0.0.5#aar'
implementation 'com.mikepenz:devicon-typeface:2.0.0.5#aar'
implementation 'com.mikepenz:foundation-icons-typeface:3.0.0.5#aar'
implementation 'com.mikepenz:ionicons-typeface:2.0.1.5#aar'
implementation 'com.mikepenz:pixeden-7-stroke-typeface:1.2.0.3#aar'
implementation 'com.nikhilpanju.recyclerviewenhanced:recyclerviewenhanced:1.1.0'
// implementation 'org.jetbrains:annotations:15.0'
}
configurations.all {
resolutionStrategy.force "com.mikepenz:iconics-core:3.1.0"
resolutionStrategy.force "com.mikepenz:fastadapter:3.3.0"
resolutionStrategy.force "com.android.support:support-v4:${versions.androidX}"
resolutionStrategy.force "com.android.support:appcompat-v7:${versions.androidX}"
resolutionStrategy.force "com.android.support:cardview-v7:${versions.androidX}"
resolutionStrategy.force "com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:${versions.androidX}"
resolutionStrategy.force "com.android.support:design:${versions.androidX}"
resolutionStrategy.force "com.android.support:support-annotations:${versions.androidX}"
}
I have tried:
1-İnvalidate Caches / Restart
2-Check Filter intent
3-Manifest delete after created
4-Clean Project/Rebuild Project
I couldn't find the solution to the problem , i did sync gradle but not improved. Also added in manifest "" didn't work again :)
Help me thank you :)
enter image description here

You could move
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
to another activity, and click File -> Invalidate Caches / Restart..., then clicking on Invalidate and Restart.

java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: com.google.android.gms.R$string

I am having a little trouble with the complier,
Same code I use on Nexus 5, no error.
as Soon as I use it in Tablet, it crash right away and the error said
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: com.google.android.gms.R$string
with brunch of unknown source...
and if i remove
multiDexEnabled true
and remove
compile 'org.twitter4j:twitter4j-core:4.0.2'
then it works on both, does anybody know the reason why?
Below is my build.grade
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
android {
compileSdkVersion 23
buildToolsVersion "23.0.1"
defaultConfig {
applicationId "com.package.name"
minSdkVersion 16
targetSdkVersion 23
versionCode 1
versionName "1.0"
multiDexEnabled true
}
buildTypes {
release {
minifyEnabled true
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
}
}
}
dependencies {
compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
compile 'org.twitter4j:twitter4j-core:4.0.2'
compile 'com.android.support:multidex:1.0.1'
compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:23.1.1'
compile 'com.google.android.gms:play-services:8.4.0'
compile 'com.android.support:design:23.1.1'
compile 'com.squareup.okhttp:okhttp:2.5.0'
compile 'com.android.support:support-v4:23.1.1'
compile 'com.squareup.picasso:picasso:2.5.2'
compile 'com.isseiaoki:simplecropview:1.0.8'
compile 'com.qozix:tileview:2.0.7'
compile 'com.android.support:cardview-v7:23.1.1'
compile 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-gcm:8.4.0'
}
Blow is the manifest.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.package.name" >
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_INTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
<uses-permission android:name="com.android.launcher.permission.INSTALL_SHORTCUT" />
<uses-permission android:name="com.google.android.c2dm.permission.RECEIVE" />
<uses-permission
android:name="com.google.android.c2dm.permission.C2D_MESSAGE"
android:protectionLevel="signature" />
<application
android:name=".utility.Apps"
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="#mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="#string/app_name"
android:supportsRtl="true"
android:largeHeap="true"
android:theme="#style/AppTheme" >
<receiver
android:name=".gcm.GcmBroadcastReceiver"
android:permission="com.google.android.c2dm.permission.SEND" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="com.google.android.c2dm.intent.RECEIVE" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
<service android:name=".gcm.GcmIntentService" />
<activity android:name=".SplashActivity"
android:theme="#style/AppTheme.NoActionBar" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
and then a lot of activities

I look into my code many time, and I look at each library I am using and I was able to fix it.
First, like #BrainMiz said mutiDexEnabled should set it off. I just comment it instead of set it as false.
defaultConfig {
applicationId "com.package.name"
minSdkVersion 16
targetSdkVersion 23
versionCode 1
versionName "1.0"
//multiDexEnabled true
}
Second, it is the dependencies.
Since I don't have any jar in my libs folder I remove
compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
also remove all not being used gms library, only add the one that being used. I have to give some credits to #Radix because I did found some error in my code regarding to the code that where I check if the device has google play store.
dependencies {
//compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
compile 'org.twitter4j:twitter4j-core:4.0.2'
compile 'com.android.support:multidex:1.0.1'
compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:23.1.1'
//compile 'com.google.android.gms:play-services:8.4.0'
compile 'com.android.support:design:23.1.1'
compile 'com.squareup.okhttp:okhttp:2.5.0'
//compile 'com.android.support:support-v4:23.1.1'
compile 'com.squareup.picasso:picasso:2.5.2'
compile 'com.isseiaoki:simplecropview:1.0.8'
compile 'com.qozix:tileview:2.0.7'
compile 'com.android.support:cardview-v7:23.1.1'
compile 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-gcm:8.4.0'
}

I believe you should try turning multiDexEnabled false and get rid of the compile 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-gcm:8.4.0' . You have two play-services which forces you to turn multiDexEnabled to true

Change this line
<uses-permission
android:name="com.google.android.c2dm.permission.C2D_MESSAGE"
android:protectionLevel="signature" />
with this
<permission android:name="<your-package-name>.permission.C2D_MESSAGE"
android:protectionLevel="signature" />
<uses-permission android:name="<your-package-name>.permission.C2D_MESSAGE" />
Also i see a lot of anomaly in your manifest with respect to how you have declared GCM . Have a look at the technical docs.

Got the same problem.. just clean the project, then make it and finally run it

In my case, I changed the theme of my app in the AndroidManifest.xml file and cleared out my styles.xml file (because I'm a noob and hoped to just use an out-of-the-box android theme). After launching the app, I assume there were zombie references to the old theme that caused the error because, after reverting my changes, the error disappeared.

I did remove
compile 'com.android.support:multidex:1.0.1'
and sync project. After added this line and synced again. Next, cleaned project to remove old dex files (may cause problem with dex archives merging), and it helped.

I had the same issue
Had in gradle.build dependencies :
compile 'com.android.support:multidex:1.0.0'
And in AndroidManifest.xml :
<application
...
android:name="android.support.multidex.MultiDexApplication">

Having same issue and was stuck for a whole day. Finally got solution.
Add in your app level gradle.build:
repositories {
jcenter()
}
dependencies {
compile 'com.google.android:multidex:0.1'
}
Then override attachBaseContext in your Application class like below:
#Override
protected void attachBaseContext(Context base) {
super.attachBaseContext(base);
MultiDex.install(this);
}
And don't forgot to enable mutlidex support as below:
android {
...
defaultConfig {
...
multiDexEnabled true
}
}