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How can I make DOMParser parse rootless XML without throwing exceptions? [duplicate]

I am trying to read this XML file using PHP and I have two root elements. The code that I wrote in PHP reads only one root element and when I add the other one (<action>) it gives me an error.
I want to do something like this : if($xml->action=="register") then print all parameters.
This is my XML file:
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='ISO-8859-1'?>
<action>register</action>
<paramters>
<name>Johnny B</name>
<username>John</username>
</paramters>
And this is my PHP script:
<?php
$xml = simplexml_load_file("test.xml");
echo $xml->getName() . "<br />";
foreach($xml->children() as $child)
{
echo $child->getName() . ": " . $child . "<br />";
}
?>
I really don't know how to do all this...

Fix your XML, it's invalid. XML files can only have 1 root element.
Example valid XML:
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='ISO-8859-1'?>
<action>
<type>register</type>
<name>Johnny B</name>
<username>John</username>
</actions>
Or if you want only parameters to have own elements:
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='ISO-8859-1'?>
<action type="register">
<name>Johnny B</name>
<username>John</username>
</actions>
or if you want multiple actions:
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='ISO-8859-1'?>
<actions>
<action type="register">
<name>Johnny B</name>
<username>John</username>
</action>
</actions>
EDIT:
As I've said in my comment, your teacher should fix his XML. It is invalid. Also he should put his XML through a validator.
If you're really desperate you can introduce an articificial root element, but this is really bad practice and should be avoided at all costs:
$xmlstring = str_replace(
array('<action>','</paramters>'),
array('<root><action>', '</paramters></root>'),
$xmlstring
);

None of the previous answers is quite accurate. The XML specification defines several kinds of entity: document entities, external parsed entities, document type definitions for example. Your example is not a well-formed document entity, which is what XML parsers are normally asked to parse. However, it is a well-formed external parsed entity. The way to process a well-formed external parsed entity is to reference it from a skeletal document entity, like this:
<!DOCTYPE wrapper [
<!ENTITY e SYSTEM "my.xml">
]>
<wrapper>&e;</wrapper>
and then pass the document entity to the XML parser.

As it is an invalid xml file, you can do the following trick.
Insert a dummy start tag at the second line as <dummy>
In the end finish it with </dummy>
Happy parsing ;)

How to use xpath in camel when the outermost element has an xmlns attribute?

I am having some trouble using xpath to extract the "Payload" values below using apache-camel. I use the below xpath in my route for both of the example xml, the first example xml returns SomeElement and SomeOtherElement as expected, but the second xml seems unable to parse the xml at all.
xpath("//Payload/*")
This example xml parses just fine.
<Message>
<Payload>
<SomeElement />
<SomeOtherElement />
</Payload>
</Message>
This example xml does not parse.
<Message xmlns="http://www.fake.com/Message/1">
<Payload>
<SomeElement />
<SomeOtherElement />
</Payload>
</Message>
I found a similar question about xml and xpath, but it deals with C# and is not a camel solution.
Any idea how to solve this using apache-camel?

Your 2nd example xml, specifies a default namespace: xmlns="http://www.fake.com/Message/1" and so your xpath expression will not match, as it specifies no namespace.
See http://camel.apache.org/xpath.html#XPath-Namespaces on how to specify a namespace.
You would need something like
Namespaces ns = new Namespaces("fk", "http://www.fake.com/Message/1");
xpath("//fk:Payload/*", ns)
I'm not familiar with Apache-Camel, this was just a result of some quick googling.
An alternative maybe to just change your xPath to something like
xpath("//*[local-name()='Payload']/*)
Good luck.

remove <![CDATA[ tag from xml webserivce responses

I am using below format to response for the webservices.
<Name>abc</Name>
<Detail>
<RESPONSE>
<Age>20</Age>
<Address>blahblah</Address>
<Mobile>12345</Mobile>
</RESPONSE>
</Detail>
Due to the requirements, I need to return xml format data insides the <Detail></Detail> tag.
In my java class, I parse using Xstream and format into xml and put insides the Detail tag.
But when I test using SOAPUI , I am getting extra <![CDATA[<RESPONSE>.. <</RESPONSE>]]> insdies Detail tag.
How can I avoid having those CDATA tag for the xml response?

<![CDATAP[......]]> is used to tell that the XML meaning of it should not be taken and to treat it as normal text that is called character data. so Parser won't seek for any XML meaning in it.
As Dave Newton and kshitij told it will automatically removed while converting it into object.
If you are not supposed to parse it as it is no issue to bother about it.

Getting doc tag names while iterating the elements

i have this XML document:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-16"?>
<root>
<items>
<item1>
<tag1>1</tag1>
<tag2>2</tag2>
<tag3>3</tag3>
</item1>
<item2>
<tag1>4</tag1>
<tag2>5</tag2>
<tag3>6</tag3>
</item2>
</items>
</root>
I want to iterate the item elements (item1, item2...), and for each tag get the tag name and after that the value of the tag.
I am using DOM parser.
Any ideas?

Sorry, but this ain't an unsolvable or complicated problem, this is simply reading a tutorial which can be googled within seconds.
And of course, you might also check the documentation, which will give you a hint about this handy method called "getNodeName()".

Parse XML ampersand in Java

I download an XML-file, I generate using PHP, that looks similar to this
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<customersXML>
...
<customer id="12" name="Me+%26+My+Brother" swid="1" />
...
</customersXML>
Now I need to parse it in Java, but before that I use URL-Decode, so the XML become this
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<customersXML>
...
<customer id="12" name="Me & My Brother" swid="1" />
...
</customersXML>
But when I parse the XML-file using SAX, I get a problem with "&". How can I get around this?

The ampersand is a special character in xml (O'reilly Xml: Entities: Handling Special Content) and needs to be encoded. Replace it with & before sending it.

If the XML in question isn't urlencoded in the first place (which it doesn't look like it is), then you shouldn't be urldecoding it. Breaking the xml and then "unbreaking" it really doesn't seem like the best way to go about it. Just use the original xml and parse that.

Never process XML as a string without parsing it, or you are liable to end up with something that is no longer XML. As you have discovered.

You should FIRST parse, THEN url decode.