A Java config analog of XML configuration not working - java

TL/DR: The problem boils down to creating a custom Spring scope, injecting a prototype-like scoped bean into a singleton with proxyMode = ScopedProxyMode.TARGET_CLASS but still getting a singleton in the Java config version of the configuration (whereas it works fine with XML).
UPDATE: Problem solved, see answer.
I'm using jBehave to write BDD test scenarios for our Spring application. We recently thought that we need independence in executing test scenarios (meaning that test context has to be reset before each scenario) and found this article on the web that addresses exactly the issue we're dealing with.
The article advises creating a custom Spring Scenario scope, assigning it to the class that represents test context and injecting an AOP proxy instead of the context file.
I've coded everything in accordance with the article and it worked great, but the thing is we need it in terms of Java config, not XML, and when I converted all the changes to Java config, it stopped working - meaning the Map in StoryContext was not reset after each test scenario and contained values from the previous scenario.
My changes were as follows:
marked the ScenarioScope class with the #Component annotation:
#Component
public class ScenarioScope implements Scope {
private final ConcurrentMap<String, Object> cache = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
#BeforeScenario
public void startScenario() {
cache.clear();
}
#Override
public Object get(String name, ObjectFactory<?> objectFactory) {
return cache.putIfAbsent(name, objectFactory.getObject());
}
#Override
public Object remove(String name) {
return cache.remove(name);
}
#Override
public void registerDestructionCallback(String name, Runnable callback) {
}
#Override
public Object resolveContextualObject(String key) {
return null;
}
#Override
public String getConversationId() {
return "scenario scope";
}
}
created a Spring configuration class to add the new scope:
#Configuration
public class SpringConfiguration {
#Bean
public static CustomScopeConfigurer scopeConfigurer() {
CustomScopeConfigurer configurer = new CustomScopeConfigurer();
configurer.addScope("scenario", new ScenarioScope());
return configurer;
}
}
annotated the StoryContext class with the #Component and #Scope annotations:
#Component
#Scope(value = "scenario", proxyMode = ScopedProxyMode.TARGET_CLASS)
public class StoryContext {
private Map<String, Object> storyContext = new HashMap<>();
public void put(String key, Object value) {
storyContext.put(key,value);
}
public <T> T get(String key, Class<T> tClass) {
return (T) storyContext.get(key);
}
#PostConstruct
public void clearContext() {
storyContext.clear();
}
}
To my knowledge, the code above is analogous to the XML configuration, which was as follows:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<context:annotation-config />
<context:component-scan base-package="foo"/>
<bean id="scenarioScope" class="foo.ScenarioScope"/>
<bean class="foo.CustomScopeConfigurer">
<property name="scopes">
<map>
<entry key="scenario" value-ref="scenarioScope"/>
</map>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="storyContext" class="foo.StoryContext" scope="scenario">
<aop:scoped-proxy/>
</bean>
</beans>
Can anyone please point me to why the Java config is not working as expected? I've spent some time researching stackoverflow but the majority of similar questions is solved by adding proxyMode = ScopedProxyMode.TARGET_CLASS to the #Scope annotation, which I did.
UPDATE: So I tried to gradually move from XML to Java config by commenting / decommenting corresponding lines in the files and figured out that the problem is in this part of the code:
<bean class="foo.CustomScopeConfigurer">
<property name="scopes">
<map>
<entry key="scenario" value-ref="scenarioScope"/>
</map>
</property>
</bean>
When I replace it with
#Configuration
public class SpringConfiguration {
#Bean
public static CustomScopeConfigurer scopeConfigurer() {
CustomScopeConfigurer configurer = new CustomScopeConfigurer();
configurer.addScope("scenario", new ScenarioScope());
return configurer;
}
}
the StoryContext bean becomes a singleton. I tried doing it another way through registering a custom BeanFactoryPostProcessor and using the registerScope() method as described here, but it didn't work either.

I've managed to solve the problem, and the solution was trivial: the ScenarioScope instance in the SpringConfiguration class has to be managed by the Spring container rather than be created via the new() operator:
#Configuration
public class SpringConfiguration {
#Bean
public static CustomScopeConfigurer scopeConfigurer(ScenarioScope scenarioScope) {
CustomScopeConfigurer configurer = new CustomScopeConfigurer();
configurer.addScope("scenario", scenarioScope);
return configurer;
}
}

Related

Spring: couldn't autowire field - no beans of type found

I'm struggling this for couple of hours, but couldn't figure what is wrong with my settings...
Currently, in the TestController, the engine field is marked with the error
"could not autowire. No beans of 'ServerEngine' type found".
I already tried to replace #SpringBootApplication with #Configuration, #EnableAutoConfiguration and #ComponentScan but still getting the error.
below are the relevant files:
Application.java
#SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applictionContext.xml");
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
}
}
ServerEngine.java (act as the main system's singleton)
public class ServerEngine {
#Autowired
private DataLayer dataLayer;
public DataLayer getDal(){
return dataLayer;
}
#Autowired
private UsersDal usersDal;
public UsersDal getUsersDal(){
return usersDal;
}
}
TestController.java
#RestController
#RequestMapping("/test")
public class TestController {
#Autowired
ServerEngine engine;
#RequestMapping(value = "/users", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public void test(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){
engine.getUsersDal().addOrUpdateUser(...);
}
}
applictionContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="serverEngine" class="partners.dataaccess.ServerEngine"/>
<bean id="usersDal" class="partners.dataaccess.UsersDal"/>
<bean id="dataLayer" class="partners.dal.DataLayer">
<constructor-arg name="username" value="..."/>
<constructor-arg name="password" value="..."/>
<constructor-arg name="url" value="..."/>
</bean>
</beans>
In main, you're instantiating an ApplicationContext applicationContext, but then you do nothing with it - you don't pass it to the SpringApplication.
I'm not familiar with Spring Boot, but I see no place in your code in which the XML config's name is given to the SpringApplication either. So it probably only uses annotation config.
And finally, since ServerEngine isn't annotated with #Service, it won't be instantiated as a Spring bean during component-scan.
The easiest and best solution would be to annotate the classes that you are autowiring in you application like ServerEngine, UsersDal and DataLayer with the annotation #Service or #Component. If you do that, you don't have to explicitly create beans for them in xml or java configurations.

Spring injects a one-element Set instead of an empty Set

We have an application where we are trying to inject an empty java.util.HashSet into a member of type java.util.Set, in a class which itself is a #Component. Spring seems to inject a HashSet with one element of the containing type. Any idea why Spring doesn't just inject an empty set?
Set element class:
#Component
public class SetElement
{
private String value;
public String getValue()
{
return value;
}
}
Class that contains a Set as a member:
#Component
public class MyClassWithSet
{
#Autowired
private Set<SetElement> setOfElements;
protected void setStringSet(Set<SetElement> stringSet)
{
this.setOfElements = stringSet;
}
public Set<SetElement> getStringSet()
{
return Collections.unmodifiableSet(setOfElements);
}
}
Spring.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
">
<bean id="setOfElements" class="java.util.HashSet" />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.vikdor.db " />
</beans>
Sample test case to confirm the behavior
#RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
#ContextConfiguration(locations =
{ "classpath:META-INF/spring.xml" })
public class SpringSetTest
{
#Autowired
private MyClassWithSet myClassWithSet;
#Test
public void test()
{
assertNotNull(myClassWithSet);
assertNotNull(myClassWithSet.getStringSet());
assertTrue(myClassWithSet.getStringSet().isEmpty());
}
}
If you use #Autowired on a typed collection instance, then all beans in the application context that satisfy the type are injected:
It is also possible to provide all beans of a particular type from the
ApplicationContext by adding the annotation to a field or method that
expects an array of that type [...] The same applies for typed
collections:
public class MovieRecommender {
private Set<MovieCatalog> movieCatalogs;
#Autowired
public void setMovieCatalogs(Set<MovieCatalog> movieCatalogs) {
this.movieCatalogs = movieCatalogs;
}
// ...
}
http://static.springsource.org/spring/docs/3.1.x/spring-framework-reference/html/beans.html#beans-autowired-annotation
Thus, your single instance of SetElement is injected into the #Autowired Set<SetElement>. A possible solution would be to use a setter for the field. Alternatively, you could use the #Qualifier annotation or the #Resource annotation to refer to the bean by name.

How to make spring inject value into a static field

I know this may looks like a previously asked question but I'm facing a different problem here.
I have a utility class that has only static methods. I don't and I won't take an instance from it.
public class Utils{
private static Properties dataBaseAttr;
public static void methodA(){
}
public static void methodB(){
}
}
Now I need Spring to fill dataBaseAttr with database attributes Properties.Spring config is:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.0.xsd">
<util:properties id="dataBaseAttr"
location="file:#{classPathVariable.path}/dataBaseAttr.properties" />
</beans>
I already done it in other beans but the problem here in this class (Utils) isn't a bean, And if I make it a bean nothing changes I still can't use the variable since the class will not be instantiated and variable always equals null.
You have two possibilities:
non-static setter for static property/field;
using org.springframework.beans.factory.config.MethodInvokingFactoryBean to invoke a static setter.
In the first option you have a bean with a regular setter but instead setting an instance property you set the static property/field.
public void setTheProperty(Object value) {
foo.bar.Class.STATIC_VALUE = value;
}
but in order to do this you need to have an instance of a bean that will expose this setter (its more like an workaround).
In the second case it would be done as follows:
<bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.MethodInvokingFactoryBean">
<property name="staticMethod" value="foo.bar.Class.setTheProperty"/>
<property name="arguments">
<list>
<ref bean="theProperty"/>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
On you case you will add a new setter on the Utils class:
public static setDataBaseAttr(Properties p)
and in your context you will configure it with the approach exemplified above, more or less like:
<bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.MethodInvokingFactoryBean">
<property name="staticMethod" value="foo.bar.Utils.setDataBaseAttr"/>
<property name="arguments">
<list>
<ref bean="dataBaseAttr"/>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
I've had a similar requirement: I needed to inject a Spring-managed repository bean into my Person entity class ("entity" as in "something with an identity", for example an JPA entity). A Person instance has friends, and for this Person instance to return its friends, it shall delegate to its repository and query for friends there.
#Entity
public class Person {
private static PersonRepository personRepository;
#Id
#GeneratedValue
private long id;
public static void setPersonRepository(PersonRepository personRepository){
this.personRepository = personRepository;
}
public Set<Person> getFriends(){
return personRepository.getFriends(id);
}
...
}
.
#Repository
public class PersonRepository {
public Person get Person(long id) {
// do database-related stuff
}
public Set<Person> getFriends(long id) {
// do database-related stuff
}
...
}
So how did I inject that PersonRepository singleton into the static field of the Person class?
I created a #Configuration, which gets picked up at Spring ApplicationContext construction time. This #Configuration gets injected with all those beans that I need to inject as static fields into other classes. Then with a #PostConstruct annotation, I catch a hook to do all static field injection logic.
#Configuration
public class StaticFieldInjectionConfiguration {
#Inject
private PersonRepository personRepository;
#PostConstruct
private void init() {
Person.setPersonRepository(personRepository);
}
}
As these answers are old, I found this alternative. It is very clean and works with just java annotations:
To fix it, create a “none static setter” to assign the injected value for the static variable. For example :
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
#Component
public class GlobalValue {
public static String DATABASE;
#Value("${mongodb.db}")
public void setDatabase(String db) {
DATABASE = db;
}
}
https://www.mkyong.com/spring/spring-inject-a-value-into-static-variables/

Advanced Spring #Qualifier

I have:
#Component
class MyDecorator{
private Cache cache;
/*
some wrapped methods like get put remove
*/
}
Is it possible to autowire MyDecorator in different places with different cache?
I can configure XML like this:
<bean id="id1" class="MyDecorator ">
<property name="cache" value="Cache1" />
</bean>
<bean id="id2" class="MyDecorator ">
<property name="cache" value="Cache2" />
</bean>
But is there more elegance way without addition of xml configs, only with annotation?
Correct code should be
#Configuration
public class AppConfig {
#Bean
public MyAdapter adaptedCache2() {
return new MyAdapter (cache1);
}
#Bean
public MyAdapter adaptedCache2() {
return new MyAdapter (cache2);
}}
according to specs will be generated two beans adaptedCache1 and adaptedCache2
and now i can
autowire those beans with qualifiers adaptedCache1 and adaptedCache2
With Java configuration (Spring 3.1) you can write:
#Bean
public MyDecorator decoratedCache1() {
return new MyDecorator(cache1);
}
#Bean
public MyDecorator decoratedCache2() {
return new MyDecorator(cache2);
}
Of course in this case MyDecorator does not need #Component:
#Component
class MyDecorator{
private final Cache cache;
public MyDecorator(Cache cache) {
this.cache = cache;
}
}

Adding a Pre-constructed Bean to a Spring Application Context

I am writing a class that implements the following method:
public void run(javax.sql.DataSource dataSource);
Within this method, I wish to construct a Spring application context using a configuration file similar to the following:
<bean id="dataSource" abstract="true" />
<bean id="dao" class="my.Dao">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
Is it possible to force Spring to use the DataSource object passed to my method wherever the "dataSource" bean is referenced in the configuration file?
I have been in the exact same situation. As nobody proposed my solution (and I think my solution is more elegant), I will add it here for future generations :-)
The solution consists of two steps:
create parent ApplicationContext and register your existing bean in it.
create child ApplicationContext (pass in parent context) and load beans from XML file
Step #1:
//create parent BeanFactory
DefaultListableBeanFactory parentBeanFactory = new DefaultListableBeanFactory();
//register your pre-fabricated object in it
parentBeanFactory.registerSingleton("dataSource", dataSource);
//wrap BeanFactory inside ApplicationContext
GenericApplicationContext parentContext =
new GenericApplicationContext(parentBeanFactory);
parentContext.refresh(); //as suggested "itzgeoff", to overcome a warning about events
Step #2:
//create your "child" ApplicationContext that contains the beans from "beans.xml"
//note that we are passing previously made parent ApplicationContext as parent
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
new String[] {"beans.xml"}, parentContext);
I discovered two Spring interfaces can be used to implement what I need. The BeanNameAware interface allows Spring to tell an object its name within an application context by calling the setBeanName(String) method. The FactoryBean interface tells Spring to not use the object itself, but rather the object returned when the getObject() method is invoked. Put them together and you get:
public class PlaceholderBean implements BeanNameAware, FactoryBean {
public static Map<String, Object> beansByName = new HashMap<String, Object>();
private String beanName;
#Override
public void setBeanName(String beanName) {
this.beanName = beanName;
}
#Override
public Object getObject() {
return beansByName.get(beanName);
}
#Override
public Class<?> getObjectType() {
return beansByName.get(beanName).getClass();
}
#Override
public boolean isSingleton() {
return true;
}
}
The bean definition is now reduced to:
<bean id="dataSource" class="PlaceholderBean" />
The placeholder receives its value before creating the application context.
public void run(DataSource externalDataSource) {
PlaceholderBean.beansByName.put("dataSource", externalDataSource);
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
assert externalDataSource == context.getBean("dataSource");
}
Things appear to be working successfully!
The second solution causes an exception because of a refresh problem. A more elegant way will be adding objects to the context and then loading xml definitions using the xmlreader.
Thus:
ObjectToBeAddedDynamically objectInst = new ObjectToBeAddedDynamically();
DefaultListableBeanFactory parentBeanFactory = new DefaultListableBeanFactory();
parentBeanFactory.registerSingleton("parameterObject", objectInst);
GenericApplicationContext parentContext = new GenericApplicationContext(parentBeanFactory);
XmlBeanDefinitionReader xmlReader = new XmlBeanDefinitionReader(parentContext);
xmlReader.loadBeanDefinitions(new FileSystemResource("beandefinitions.xml"));
parentContext.refresh();
ObjectUsingDynamicallyAddedObject userObjectInst= (ObjectUsingDynamicallyAddedObject )parentContext.getBean("userObject");
and
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean id="userObject" class="com.beanwiring.ObjectUsingDynamicallyAddedObject"
>
<constructor-arg ref="parameterObject" />
</bean>
</beans>
works perfect!
You can create a wrapper class for a DataSource that simply delegates to a contained DataSource
public class DataSourceWrapper implements DataSource {
DataSource dataSource;
public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) {
this.dataSource = dataSource;
}
#Override
public Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {
return dataSource.getConnection();
}
#Override
public Connection getConnection(String username, String password)
throws SQLException {
return dataSource.getConnection(username, password);
}
//delegate to all the other DataSource methods
}
Then in you Spring context file you declare DataSourceWrapper and wire it into all your beans. Then in your method you get a reference to DataSourceWrapper and set the wrapped DataSource to the one passed in to your method.
This all working is highly depended on what happens in your Spring context file when its being loaded. If a bean requires the DataSource to already be available when the context loads then you may have to write a BeanFactoryPostProcessor that alters the Spring context file as it loads, rather then doing things after the load (though perhaps a lazy-init could solve this issue).
If you create an object by calling "new", it's not under the control of the Spring factory.
Why not have Spring inject the DataSource into the object instead of passing it into run()?
There's a more elegant way in which you can use an external xml file and load it with file system resource then inject beans configured in it into your application context. Thus:
import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionRegistry;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware;
import org.springframework.context.support.GenericApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.Order;
import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
#Service
#Order(-100)
public class XmlBeanInitializationService implements ApplicationContextAware, InitializingBean {
private ApplicationContext applicationContext;
#Value("${xmlConfigFileLocation}")
private String xmlConfigFileLocation;
#Override
public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
XmlBeanDefinitionReader reader = new XmlBeanDefinitionReader((BeanDefinitionRegistry)applicationContext);
reader.loadBeanDefinitions(new FileSystemResource(xmlConfigFileLocation));
}
#Override
public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
this.applicationContext = applicationContext;
}
}
where ${xmlConfigFileLocation} is a property specified in your application.properties file which points to the file location in your system thus:
xmlConfigFileLocation="your-file-path-anywhere-in-your-system"
and your xml file may contain:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<bean class="com.yourpackage.YourBean1Class"></bean>
<bean class="com.yourpackage.YourBean2Class"></bean>
<bean class="com.yourpackage.YourBean3Class"></bean>
</beans>
thus when your application starts spring loads the class and loads the bean into application context.
Hope this helps someone.

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