Unresolved dependency in UnitTesting Spring Boot - java

I getting the following error when trying to write a unit test for CircuitBreaker code example.
org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException:
Error creating bean with name
'com.foosball.team.Service.TeamServiceUnitTest': Unsatisfied
dependency expressed through field 'registry'; nested exception is
org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No
qualifying bean of type
'io.github.resilience4j.circuitbreaker.CircuitBreakerRegistry'
available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire
candidate. Dependency annotations:
{#org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
TeamService:
#Service
public class TeamService {
#Autowired
private ITeamRepository teamRepository;
#Autowired
private PlayerClient playerClient;
Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TeamService.class);
.
.
.
TeamServiceUnitTest:
#SpringBootTest(classes = {
TeamService.class
})
#RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
#DirtiesContext
public class TeamServiceUnitTest extends AbstractCircuitBreakerTest {
#MockBean
private ITeamRepository teamRepository;
#MockBean
private PlayerClient playerClient;
#Autowired
private TeamService service;
private TeamEntity teamEntity;
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TeamServiceUnitTest.class);
#Before
public void setUp(){
teamEntity = new TeamEntity();
teamEntity.setId(1L);
teamEntity.setPlayerOne("One");
teamEntity.setPlayerTwo("Two");
teamEntity.setPlayerThree("Three");
teamEntity.setPlayerFour("Four");
}
#Test
#DisplayName("when Player Client Fails 11 Times Then CircuitBreaker Should Be In OPEN State")
public void whenPlayerClientFailsElevenTimesThenCircuitBreakerShouldBeInOPENState(){
//Given
when(teamRepository.findAll()).thenReturn(new ArrayList<>());
when(playerClient.get(Mockito.anyString())).thenThrow(new RuntimeException());
//When
for(int i=0; i<11; i++){
try {
service.addTeam(teamEntity);
} catch (Exception ignore) {
logger.info(ignore.getClass().getName());
}
}
//Then
checkHealthStatus(BACKEND_B, CircuitBreaker.State.OPEN);
}
}
Ref Class:
public class AbstractCircuitBreakerTest {
protected static final String BACKEND_A = "backendA";
protected static final String BACKEND_B = "playerClientCircuitBreaker";
#Autowired
protected CircuitBreakerRegistry registry;
#Before
public void setup(){
transitionToClosedState(BACKEND_A);
transitionToClosedState(BACKEND_B);
}
protected void checkHealthStatus(String circuitBreakerName, CircuitBreaker.State state) {
CircuitBreaker circuitBreaker = registry.circuitBreaker(circuitBreakerName);
assertThat(circuitBreaker.getState()).isEqualTo(state);
}
protected void transitionToOpenState(String circuitBreakerName) {
CircuitBreaker circuitBreaker = registry.circuitBreaker(circuitBreakerName);
if(!circuitBreaker.getState().equals(CircuitBreaker.State.OPEN)){
circuitBreaker.transitionToOpenState();
}
}
protected void transitionToClosedState(String circuitBreakerName) {
CircuitBreaker circuitBreaker = registry.circuitBreaker(circuitBreakerName);
if(!circuitBreaker.getState().equals(CircuitBreaker.State.CLOSED)){
circuitBreaker.transitionToClosedState();
}
}
}
Ref Project: https://github.com/resilience4j/resilience4j-spring-boot2-demo
Proposed Soln Discussion: https://github.com/resilience4j/resilience4j-spring-boot2-demo/issues/33
Proposed Soln Project: https://github.com/shah-smit/resilience4j-spring-boot2-demo-maven

Looks like CircuitBreakerRegistry you're trying to autowire in you test is a factory class, not a bean. Instead of
#Autowired
protected CircuitBreakerRegistry registry;
Try:
protected CircuitBreakerRegistry registry = CircuitBreakerRegistry.ofDefaults()

Here's an answer about not working tests.
Few things here:
1. Using CircuitBreakerRegistry.ofDefaults() creates new instance of object each time so this way the CircuitBreakerRegistry objects you're using in AbstractCircuitBreakerTest and HomeService are different instances. You should probably go back to #Autowired annotation but first you need to define bean of CircuitBreakerRegistry like this:
public class CircuitBreakerConfiguration {
#Bean
public CircuitBreakerRegistry circuitBreakerRegistry() {
return CircuitBreakerRegistry.ofDefaults();
}
}
You're using #RunWith(SpringRunner.class) but it's just Junit annotation and it does not initialize Spring Context in your test. You're autowiring a bean in your test so you need Spring Context. For this add also #SpringBootTest annotation.
You're expecting the registry BACKEND_A state to change to OPEN after 11 calls of service.getGreeting() method but I cannot see any usage of transitionToOpenState method.

Related

ApplicationContext returns null in SpringBootTest run with SpringRunner.class

I have a problem of running my Test class. It returns "org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 't.c.i.s.se.Sfts' available: expected single matching bean but found 2: sftsImpl,sfts" this exception after I run it.
Here's my test class;
#RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
#SpringBootTest(classes = Sfta.class)
public class SftaTests {
#Autowired
ApplicationContext ac;
#Test
public void contextLoads() {
Sfts sfts= ac.getBean(Sfts.class);
assertTrue(Sfts instanceof SftsImpl);
}
}
And my other classes are like;
public interface Sfts {
public void process();
}
#Service
#Component
public class SftsImpl implements Sfts {
#Autowired
private GlobalConfig globalConfig;
#Autowired
private Ftr ftr;
private Fc fc;
#Async
#Scheduled(initialDelayString = "${s.f.t.m}", fixedRateString = "${s.f.t.m}")
public void process() {
int hod = DateTime.now().getHourOfDay();
if (hod != 6){
fc = new Fc(globalConfig, ftr);
fc.control();
}
}
}
Why I get the error after running the test application?
Try to remove #Component annotation from the SftsImpl bean.
#Service is enough to register a bean.
Also if you just want to test your bean - getting it from ApplicationContext maybe is not the best option.
Code example of a unit test without using ApplicationContext:
#RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
#SpringBootTest(classes = Sfta.class)
public class SftaTests {
#Autowired
Sfts sfts;
#Test
public void testAsync() {
sfts.process();
// do assertions here
}
}

NoSuchBeanException, even when Bean is defined

I have 2 classes.
Target.java: Class to be tested
Helper.java: Helper class
#Component
public class Helper {
public void helperMethod() {
// some code
}
}
#Service
public class Target {
private final Helper helper;
public Target(Helper helper) {
this.helper = helper;
}
public void someMethod() {
helper.helperMethod();
}
}
I am testing someMethod() method of Target class. But when running the test case it gives following error:
Unsatisfied dependency expressed through constructor parameter 1; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'com.abc.def.Helper' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate.
Other answers that I have seen for similar question were because of not writing #Component, but I have done that too.
You have provided the correct annotations for the 2 classes in order to ensure that spring treats them as a component and manage their life cycles. Now, if you want to use these beans in any part of the application you would need to declare the dependency for that, the easiest way is as below by using the #Autowired annotation, there are mulitple ways to define dependency and you can choose the best options for your use case accordingly:
#Service
public class Target {
#Autowired
private final Helper helper;
public Target(Helper helper) {
this.helper = helper;
}
public void someMethod() {
helper.helperMethod();
}
}
Not sure if I understood you correctly, but I also had similiar issue when writing tests for my application using JUnit. My workaround was to put in my TestClass configuration where I define beans which i need for testing. E.g.
#RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
public class TestSomeService {
#TestConfiguration
static class TestSomeServiceConfiguration {
#Bean
public Helper helper() { return new Helper(); }
#Bean
public Target targer() {
return new Target(
helper()
);
}
}
#Autowired
private Target targetUnderTest;
#Test
public void testTarget() {
}
}

Autowiring fails in Junit testing and spring #configuration

I have two #Configuration classes. I need a bean from one configuration class to another. I have autowired the configuration 1 into 2. All works fine. When executing the unit testing, am getting the below exception.
setUpContext(com.trafigura.titan.framework.services.messaging.loader.SpringLoadTest)
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'com.xxx.MessagingServicesConfig': Injection of autowired dependencies failed;
nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private com.xxx.EMSJMSConfig com.xxx.MessagingServicesConfig.emsJmsConfig;
nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type[com.xxx.EMSJMSConfig] found for dependency:
expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {#org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
Is there anything I need to do additionally to make this working?
Below is the setup for testing.
#Configuration
#Import({MessagingServicesConfig.class,...,EMSJMSConfig.class
})
public class MessagingConfig {}
#Profile("EMS-MESSAGING")
#Configuration
public class EMSJMSConfig {
#Bean
public javax.jms.ConnectionFactory jmsSubscriberConnectionFactory() throws JMSException {
SingleConnectionFactory singleConnectionFactory = new SingleConnectionFactory(tibjmsConnectionFactory());
return singleConnectionFactory;
}
}
#Configuration
public class MessagingServicesConfig {
#Autowired
private EMSJMSConfig emsJmsConfig;
#Bean(destroyMethod = "shutdown")
public MessagingService messagingService() throws JMSException {
...
ConnectionFactory cf=emsJmsConfig.jmsSubscriberConnectionFactory(); // Getting NPE at this line.
}
}
and finally the test class,
public class MessagingServicesConfigTest {
private MessagingServicesConfig config;
private EMSJMSConfig emsJmsConfig;
#BeforeMethod
public void setUp() throws Exception {
config = new MessagingServicesConfig();
... //what needs to be done here to have the EMSJMSConfig
}
#Test
public void testBuildsCorrectService() throws JMSException {
MessagingService service = config.messagingService();
...
}
}
By calling new you're creating object yourself, Spring doesn't know anything about it.
Moreover, you should have a test configuration which will be aware of your beans.
Use an appropriate Runner to load SpringContext.
#ContextConfiguration(classes = TestConfig.class)
#RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
class Tests {
#Autowired // if needed
private MessagingServicesConfig config;
}
While in TestConfig you can create beans or import configuration from the Application:
#Configuration
#Import({MessagingServicesConfig.class})
public class TestConfig {}
#Configuration
#Import({EMSJMSConfig.class})
public class MessagingServicesConfig {}
Or you can refer to your config classes directly:
#ContextConfiguration(classes = {MessagingServicesConfig.class, EMSJMSConfig.class})

Can not Autowire bean in Junit

I am trying to unit test a Controller Class with Junit. However, when I try to autowire my PlayerRepository interface, which extends crudRepository, it gives this error:
2018-12-06 21:59:39.530 ERROR 8780 --- [ main]
o.s.test.context.TestContextManager : Caught exception while
allowing TestExecutionListener
[org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.SpringBootDependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener#78e117e3]
to prepare test instance
[edu.ceng.gameproject.player.PlayerControllerTest#4f704591]
(I did not put the entire error since it is very long.)
and it also says:
Caused by:
org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No
qualifying bean of type 'edu.ceng.gameproject.player.PlayerRepository'
available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire
candidate. Dependency annotations:
{#org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
By the way, I can do the autowire in my controller to make changes on database. It just does not work in testing. Here is my code:
Controller Class:
#Controller // This means that this class is a Controller
#RequestMapping(path="/Player") // This means URL's start with /Player
(after Application path)
public class PlayerController {
#Autowired
private PlayerRepository playerRepository;
}
Here is the PlayerRepsitory interface:
#Repository
public interface PlayerRepository extends CrudRepository<Player, String> {
}
Abstract test class where I do the autowiring :
#RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
#SpringBootTest(classes = Main.class)
#WebAppConfiguration
public abstract class GameProjectBackEndApplicationTests {
protected MockMvc mvc;
#Autowired
WebApplicationContext webApplicationContext;
#Autowired
PlayerRepository playerRepository;
protected void setUp() {
mvc =
MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(webApplicationContext).build();
}
}
PlayerControllerTest class where I use the autowired playerRepository:
public class PlayerControllerTest extends GameProjectBackEndApplicationTests
{
#Override
#Before
public void setUp() {
super.setUp();
}
#Test
public void test_getUsersList_withOk() throws Exception {
String uri = "/Player/all";
// Create user in the database
Player createdUser = playerRepository.save(new Player("testUser",
"testPassword"));
MvcResult mvcResult = mvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get(uri)
.accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE)).andReturn();
// check if status is 200 - OK
int status = mvcResult.getResponse().getStatus();
assertEquals(200, status);
String content = mvcResult.getResponse().getContentAsString();
Player[] playerList = super.mapFromJson(content, Player[].class);
// check if list has actually any user
assertTrue(playerList.length > 0);
// check returned list has user that we created
boolean contains = false;
for (int i = 0; i < playerList.length; i++) {
if
(createdUser.getUsername().equals(playerList[i].getUsername())
&&
createdUser.getPasswd().equals(playerList[i].getPasswd())) {
contains = true;
}
}
// assert there is a user that we created
assertTrue(contains);
//delete created user
playerRepository.deleteById(createdUser.getUsername());
}
}
Thanks in advance.
As I said in the comments, use #MockBean to inject a mock for every dependency needed in your controller. Your test class will look like this.
#RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
#SpringBootTest(classes = Main.class)
#WebAppConfiguration
public class GameProjectBackEndApplicationTests {
private MockMvc mvc;
#Autowired
private WebApplicationContext webApplicationContext;
#MockBean
private PlayerRepository playerRepository;
#Before
public void setUp() {
mvc =
MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(webApplicationContext).build();
// Mock calls to PlayerRepository
// Mockito.when(playerRepository.getEntries(1)).thenReturn(myList);
}
#Test
public void myTest() {
....
}
}
Also, I don't really recommend using inheritance for your tests. It is better to have everything in one place.

Creating beans when Autowiring with Spring

I am trying to write a test for my controller. When the web service is running everything works fine. However, when I run the test I get:
Error creating bean with name 'Controller': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'service'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'com.prov.Service' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {#org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
As you can see below, I believe have everything correctly Autowired and my project structure is correctly set up so that the component scanner can find the annotations properly, yet I still get this error.
Controller:
#RestController
#RequestMapping("/api")
public class Controller {
#Autowired
private Service service;
#JsonView(Views.All.class)
#RequestMapping(value = "/prov/users", method = RequestMethod.POST)
#ResponseBody
public CommonWebResponse<String> handleRequest(#RequestBody UserData userData) {
return service.prov(userData);
}
}
Service:
#Service
public class Service {
#Autowired
private Repo repo;
#Autowired
private OtherService otherService;
public CommonWebResponse<String> prov(UserData userData) {
// do stuff here
return new SuccessWebResponse<>("Status");
}
}
Controller Test:
#RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
#WebMvcTest(
controllers = Controller.class,
excludeFilters = {
#ComponentScan.Filter(
type = FilterType.ASSIGNABLE_TYPE,
value = {CorsFilter.class, AuthenticationFilter.class}
)
}
)
#AutoConfigureMockMvc(secure = false)
public class ControllerTest {
public static final MediaType APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8 = new MediaType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON.getType(), MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON.getSubtype(), Charset.forName("utf8"));
#Autowired
private MockMvc mvc;
#Test
public void connectToEndpoint_shouldReturnTrue() {
UserData userData = new UserData("a", "bunch", "of", "fields");
try {
mvc.perform(post("/api/prov/users").contentType(APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8)
.content(asJsonString(userData))
.accept(MediaType.ALL))
.andExpect(status().isOk());
} catch (Exception e) {
Assert.fail();
}
}
}
The Controller class autowires your Service class. Therefore, testing the Controller class requires existence of your Service class because Controller depends on creating a bean of type Service. This means you either have to #Autowired your service class into your test, or (preferably) mock it using something like Mockito.
(edit with code example):
#RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
#WebMvcTest(Controller.class)
public class ControllerTest {
#MockBean
private Service service
#Autowired
private MockMvc mvc;
#Test
public void foo() {
String somePayload = "Hello, World";
String myParams = "foo";
when(service.method(myParams)).thenReturn(somePayload);
mvc.perform(get("my/url/to/test").accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON))
.andExpect(status().isOk())
.andExpect(jsonPath("$", is(equalTo("Hello, World"))));
}
}
Do note that this example uses Hamcrest for things like is() and equalTo()

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