How I can use InCombiningDiacriticalMarks ignoring one case - java

I'm writing code for remove all diacritics for one String.
For example: áÁéÉíÍóÓúÚäÄëËïÏöÖüÜñÑ
I'm using the property InCombiningDiacriticalMarks of Unicode. But I want to ignore the replace for ñ and Ñ.
Now I'm saving these two characters before replace with:
s = s.replace('ñ', '\001');
s = s.replace('Ñ', '\002');
It's possible to use InCombiningDiacriticalMarks ignoring the diacritic of ñ and Ñ.
This is my code:
public static String stripAccents(String s)
{
/*Save ñ*/
s = s.replace('ñ', '\001');
s = s.replace('Ñ', '\002');
s = Normalizer.normalize(s, Normalizer.Form.NFD);
s = s.replaceAll("[\\p{InCombiningDiacriticalMarks}]", "");
/*Add ñ to s*/
s = s.replace('\001', 'ñ');
s = s.replace('\002', 'Ñ');
return s;
}
It works fine, but I want know if it's possible optimize this code.

It depends what you mean by "optimize". It's tough to reduce the number of lines of code from what you have written, but since you are processing the string six times there's scope to improve performance by processing the input string only once, character by character:
public class App {
// See SO answer https://stackoverflow.com/a/10831704/2985643 by virgo47
private static final String tab00c0
= "AAAAAAACEEEEIIII"
+ "DNOOOOO\u00d7\u00d8UUUUYI\u00df"
+ "aaaaaaaceeeeiiii"
+ "\u00f0nooooo\u00f7\u00f8uuuuy\u00fey"
+ "AaAaAaCcCcCcCcDd"
+ "DdEeEeEeEeEeGgGg"
+ "GgGgHhHhIiIiIiIi"
+ "IiJjJjKkkLlLlLlL"
+ "lLlNnNnNnnNnOoOo"
+ "OoOoRrRrRrSsSsSs"
+ "SsTtTtTtUuUuUuUu"
+ "UuUuWwYyYZzZzZzF";
public static void main(String[] args) {
var input = "AaBbCcáÁéÉíÍóÓúÚäÄëËïÏöÖüÜñÑçÇ";
var output = removeDiacritic(input);
System.out.println("input = " + input);
System.out.println("output = " + output);
}
public static String removeDiacritic(String input) {
var output = new StringBuilder(input.length());
for (var c : input.toCharArray()) {
if (isModifiable(c)) {
c = tab00c0.charAt(c - '\u00c0');
}
output.append(c);
}
return output.toString();
}
// Returns true if the supplied char is a candidate for diacritic removal.
static boolean isModifiable(char c) {
boolean modifiable;
if (c < '\u00c0' || c > '\u017f') {
modifiable = false;
} else {
modifiable = switch (c) {
case 'ñ', 'Ñ' ->
false;
default ->
true;
};
}
return modifiable;
}
}
This is the output from running the code:
input = AaBbCcáÁéÉíÍóÓúÚäÄëËïÏöÖüÜñÑçÇ
output = AaBbCcaAeEiIoOuUaAeEiIoOuUñÑcC
Characters without diacritics in the input string are not modified. Otherwise the diacritic is removed (e.g. Çto C), except in the cases of ñ and Ñ.
Notes:
The code does not use the Normalizer class or InCombiningDiacriticalMarks at all. Instead it processes each character in the input string only once, removing its accent if appropriate. The conventional approach for removing diacritics (as used in the OP) does not support selective removal as far as I know.
The code is based on an answer by user virgo47, but enhanced to support the selective removal of accents. See virgo47's answer for details of mapping an accented character to its unaccented counterpart.
This solution only works for Latin-1/Latin-2, but could be enhanced to support other mappings.
Your solution is very short and easy to understand, but it feels brittle, and for large input I suspect that it would be significantly slower than an approach that only processed each character once.

Ave Maria Purisima,
You can create a pattern excluding the tilde from the diacritical marks set:
private static final Pattern STRIP_ACCENTS_PATTERN = Pattern.compile("[\\p{InCombiningDiacriticalMarks}&&[^\u0303]]+");
public static String stripAccents(String input) {
if (input == null) {
return null;
}
final StringBuilder decomposed = new StringBuilder(Normalizer.normalize(input, Normalizer.Form.NFD));
return STRIP_ACCENTS_PATTERN.matcher(decomposed).replaceAll(EMPTY);
}
Hope it helps

Related

Regex pattern for matching words like c++ in a text

I have a text which can have words like c++, c, .net, asp.net in any format.
Sample Text:
Hello, java is what I want. Hmm .net should be fine too. C, C++ are also need. So, get me C,C++,Java,asp.net skills.
I already have c,c++,java,.net,asp.net stored somewhere.
All I need is to pick the occurrences of all these words in the text.
The pattern I was using to match was (?i)\\b(" +Pattern.quote(key)+ ")\\b which doesn't match things like c++ and .net. So I tried escaping the literals using (?i)\\b(" +forRegex(key)+ ")\\b (method link here), and I got the same result.
The expected output is that it should match(case insensitive):
C++ : 2
C : 2
java: 2
asp.net : 1
.net : 1
Set<String> keywords; // add your keywords in this set;
String text="Hello, java is what I want. Hmm .net should be fine too. C, C++ are also need. So, get me C,C++,Java,asp.net skills.";
text=text.replaceAll("[, ; ]"," ");
String[] textArray=text.split(" ");
for(String s : keywords){
int count=0;
for(int i=0;i<textArray.length();i++){
if(textArray[i].equals(s)){
count++
}
}
System.out.println(s + " : " + count);
}
This works most of the time. (if you want better result change the regular expression on replaceAll method.)
I would choose a non-regex solution to your problem. Just put the keywords into an array, and search for each occurance in the input string. It uses String.indexOf(String, int) to iterate through the string without creating any new objects (beyond the index and counter).
public class SearchWordCountNonRegex {
public static final void main(String[] ignored) {
//Keywords and input searched for with lowercase, so the keyword "java"
//matches "Java", "java", and "JAVA".
String[] searchWords = {"c++", "c", "java", "asp.net", ".net"};
String input = "Hello, java is what I want. Hmm .net should be fine too. C, C++ are also need. So, get me C,C++,Java,asp.net skills.".
toLowerCase();
for(int i = 0; i < searchWords.length; i++) {
String searchWord = searchWords[i];
System.out.print(searchWord + ": ");
int foundCount = 0;
int currIdx = 0;
while(currIdx != -1) {
currIdx = input.indexOf(searchWord, currIdx);
if(currIdx != -1) {
foundCount++;
currIdx += searchWord.length();
} else {
currIdx = -1;
}
}
System.out.println(foundCount);
}
}
}
Output:
c++: 2
c: 4
java: 2
asp.net: 1
.net: 2
If you are really wanting a regex solution, you could try something like the following, which uses a case insensitive pattern to match each keyword.
The problem is that the number of occurrences must be kept track of separately. This could be done, for example, by adding each found keyword to a map, where the key is the keyword, and the value is its current count. In addition, once a match is found, the search continues from that point, which implies that any potential overlapping matches are hidden (such as when Asp.NET is found, that particular .NET match will never be found)--this may or may not be a desired behavior.
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
public class SearchWordsRegexNoCounts {
public static final void main(String[] ignored) {
Matcher keywordMtchr = Pattern.compile("(C\\+\\+|C|Java|Asp\\.NET|\\.NET)",
Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE).matcher("");
String input = "Hello, java is what I want. Hmm .net should be fine too. C, C++ are also need. So, get me C,C++,Java,asp.net skills.";
keywordMtchr.reset(input);
while(keywordMtchr.find()) {
System.out.println("Keyword found at index " + keywordMtchr.start() + ": " + keywordMtchr.group(1));
}
}
}
Output:
Keyword found at index 7: java
Keyword found at index 32: .net
Keyword found at index 57: C
Keyword found at index 60: C++
Keyword found at index 90: C
Keyword found at index 92: C++
Keyword found at index 96: Java
Keyword found at index 101: asp.net
Using regex I've come up with the following solution. Although it can potentially find undesired matches as described in the code comments:
// "\\" is first because we don't want to escape any escape characters we will
// be adding ourselves
private static final String[] regexSpecial = {"\\", "(", ")", "[", "]", "{",
"}", ".", "+", "*", "?", "^", "$", "|"};
private static final String regexEscape = "\\";
private static final String[] regexEscapedSpecial;
static {
regexEscapedSpecial = new String[regexSpecial.length];
for (int i = 0; i < regexSpecial.length; i++) {
regexEscapedSpecial[i] = regexEscape + regexSpecial[i];
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {
Set<String> searchWords = new HashSet<String>(Arrays.asList("c++", "c",
".net", "asp.net", "java"));
String text = "Hello, java is what I want. Hmm .net should be fine too. C, C++ are also need. So, get me\nC,C++,Java,asp.net skills.";
System.out.println(numOccurrences(text, searchWords, false));
}
/**
* Counts the number of occurrences of the given words in the given text. This
* allows the given "words" to contain non-word characters. Note that it is
* possible for unexpected matches to occur. For example if one of the words
* to match is "c" then while none of the "c"s in "coconut" will be matched,
* the "c" in "c-section" will even if only matches of "c" as in the "c
* programming language" were intended.
*/
public static Map<String, Integer> numOccurrences(String text,
Set<String> searchWords, boolean caseSensitive) {
Map<String, String> lowerCaseToSearchWords = new HashMap<String, String>();
List<String> searchWordsInOrder = sortByNonInclusion(searchWords);
StringBuilder regex = new StringBuilder("(?<!\\w)(");
boolean started = false;
for (String searchWord : searchWordsInOrder) {
lowerCaseToSearchWords.put(searchWord.toLowerCase(), searchWord);
if (started) {
regex.append("|");
} else {
started = true;
}
regex.append(escapeRegex(searchWord));
}
regex.append(")(?!\\w)");
Pattern pattern = null;
if (caseSensitive) {
pattern = Pattern.compile(regex.toString());
} else {
pattern = Pattern.compile(regex.toString(), Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
}
Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(text);
Map<String, Integer> matches = new HashMap<String, Integer>();
while (matcher.find()) {
String match = lowerCaseToSearchWords.get(matcher.group(1).toLowerCase());
Integer oldVal = matches.get(match);
if (oldVal == null) {
oldVal = 0;
}
matches.put(match, oldVal + 1);
}
return matches;
}
/**
* Sorts the given collection of words in such a way that if A is a prefix of
* B, then it is guaranteed that A will appear after B in the sorted list.
*/
public static List<String> sortByNonInclusion(Collection<String> toSort) {
List<String> sorted = new ArrayList<String>(new HashSet<String>(toSort));
// sorting in reverse alphabetical order will ensure that if A is a prefix
// of B it will appear later in the list than B
Collections.sort(sorted, new Comparator<String>() {
#Override
public int compare(String o1, String o2) {
return o2.compareTo(o1);
}
});
return sorted;
}
/**
* Escape all regex special characters in the given text.
*/
public static String escapeRegex(String toEscape) {
for (int i = 0; i < regexSpecial.length; i++) {
toEscape = toEscape.replace(regexSpecial[i], regexEscapedSpecial[i]);
}
return toEscape;
}
The printed result is
{asp.net=1, c=2, c++=2, java=2, .net=1}

String splitting and wrapping

Suppose I am given this string-
String A_Old[]="010.011.100.000.111";
On every occurrence of "000" I am expected to break the string and wrap the end towards the front of the string. The resultant should look like this-
String A_New[]="111.010.011.100";
Any help on how to tackle this problem would be appreciated.
Also, what do I do when there are multiple occurrences of "000"?
String A_Old[]="010.011.100.000.111.001.011.000.101.110";
should convert to :
String A_New[]="101.110.111.001.011.010.011.100";
Code in java or c++ is understood and appreciated.
EDIT
This was what I thought would work-
String b[]=A_Old.split(".000.",2); //should split the string in 2 parts.
A_New=b[1].concat(b[0]); // concatenation with a loss of a period
I was told to avoid the loss of the period as well as not using dummy variables. Both of which fails here. Any idea on how to tackle this?
To rotate the list, you wanna split and then concatenate in the order you want. You probably want to check for blanks/if it's the last element.
public static void main(String[] args)
{
String inString = "010.011.100.000.111";
String outString = "";
String[] arr = inString.split("\\.000\\.");
outString = arr[0];
for(int i = 1; i < arr.length; i++)
{
outString = outString + arr[i];
}
System.out.println(outString);
}
By Using Split method and reverse forloop in java
public static void main(String[] args) {
//insert code here
String A_Old="010.011.100.000.111.001.011.000.101.110";
String A_new ="";
String newe[]=A_Old.split("\\.000");
for(int i=newe.length-1;i>=0;i--){
A_new+=newe[i];
}
System.out.print(A_new.replaceFirst("\\.", ""));
}
I tried it in java:
public static String convert(String in) {
String[] strs = in.split("\\.*000\\.*");
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = strs.length - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
sb.append(strs[i]);
if (i > 0 && strs[i - 1].length() > 0) {
sb.append(".");
}
}
return sb.toString();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(convert("010.011.100.000.111"));
System.out.println(convert("010.011.100.000.111.001.011.000.101.110"));
System.out.println(convert("010.011.100.111"));
System.out.println(convert("000.010.011.100.111"));
System.out.println(convert("010.011.100.111.000"));
System.out.println(convert("000.010.011.100.111.000"));
}
Output:
111.010.011.100
101.110.111.001.011.010.011.100
010.011.100.111
010.011.100.111
010.011.100.111
010.011.100.111
"No dummy variables" sounds like a recursive solution is sought. Is this a Scheme class?
Here's a Perl solution. C++11 is sufficiently high-level to provide most of the facilities demonstrated here:
my #tests = (
'010.011.100.000.111',
'010.011.100.000.111.001.011.000.101.110'
);
foreach ( #tests ) {
print "$_ => ", rotate($_), "\n"; # Call our rotate routine, and show results.
}
sub rotate {
# Split the string into components, reverse their order, join them with '.'
return join('.', reverse split /(?:^|\.)000(?:\.|$)/, shift);
}
No dummy variables. In fact, no explicit variables either.
Here's how the split regex works:
(?:^|\.) # Match either start of string, or a dot.
000 # Match three zeros.
(?:\.|$) # Match either a dot, or the end of string.
This permits the 000 to appear anywhere in the string (including beginning or end). If it appears at the beginning, there will not need to be a leading dot. If it appears at the end, a trailing dot will not be required. Anywhere else, dots must surround the 000.
Update:
Here is a recursive solution using Perl. From what I've read of the Java solutions (I'm not a Java guy), it seems like translation should be straightforward for someone with some Java background.
my #tests = (
'010.011.100.000.111',
'010.011.100.000.111.001.011.000.101.110'
);
foreach ( #tests ) {
print "($_) => (", rotate($_), ")\n";
}
sub rotate {
my( $ok, $rest ) = split /(?:^|\.)000(?:\.|$)/, $_[0], 2;
return $ok unless defined $rest;
return join( '.', rotate($rest), $ok);
}
Update2:
And here's another Perl solution that eliminates any explicit variables, using only subroutine parameters:
my #tests = (
'010.011.100.000.111',
'010.011.100.000.111.001.011.000.101.110'
);
foreach ( #tests ) {
print "($_) => (", rotate($_), ")\n";
}
sub rotate {
return sub {
return $_[0] unless defined $_[1];
return join( '.', rotate($_[1]), $_[0]);
}->( split /(?:^|\.)000(?:\.|$)/, shift, 2 );
}
I have no idea how one would translate that Java. I suspect translation would become a little more difficult, though I'm confident there must exist a semantically equivalent C++11 solution.

Java codingbat help - withoutString

I'm using codingbat.com to get some java practice in. One of the String problems, 'withoutString' is as follows:
Given two strings, base and remove, return a version of the base string where all instances of the remove string have been removed (not case sensitive).
You may assume that the remove string is length 1 or more. Remove only non-overlapping instances, so with "xxx" removing "xx" leaves "x".
This problem can be found at: http://codingbat.com/prob/p192570
As you can see from the the dropbox-linked screenshot below, all of the runs pass except for three and a final one called "other tests." The thing is, even though they are marked as incorrect, my output matches exactly the expected output for the correct answer.
Here's a screenshot of my output:
And here's the code I'm using:
public String withoutString(String base, String remove) {
String result = "";
int i = 0;
for(; i < base.length()-remove.length();){
if(!(base.substring(i,i+remove.length()).equalsIgnoreCase(remove))){
result = result + base.substring(i,i+1);
i++;
}
else{
i = i + remove.length();
}
if(result.startsWith(" ")) result = result.substring(1);
if(result.endsWith(" ") && base.substring(i,i+1).equals(" ")) result = result.substring(0,result.length()-1);
}
if(base.length()-i <= remove.length() && !(base.substring(i).equalsIgnoreCase(remove))){
result = result + base.substring(i);
}
return result;
}
Your solution IS failing AND there is a display bug in coding bat.
The correct output should be:
withoutString("This is a FISH", "IS") -> "Th a FH"
Yours is:
withoutString("This is a FISH", "IS") -> "Th a FH"
Yours fails because it is removing spaces, but also, coding bat does not display the correct expected and run output string due to HTML removing extra spaces.
This recursive solution passes all tests:
public String withoutString(String base, String remove) {
int remIdx = base.toLowerCase().indexOf(remove.toLowerCase());
if (remIdx == -1)
return base;
return base.substring(0, remIdx ) +
withoutString(base.substring(remIdx + remove.length()) , remove);
}
Here is an example of an optimal iterative solution. It has more code than the recursive solution but is faster since far fewer function calls are made.
public String withoutString(String base, String remove) {
int remIdx = 0;
int remLen = remove.length();
remove = remove.toLowerCase();
while (true) {
remIdx = base.toLowerCase().indexOf(remove);
if (remIdx == -1)
break;
base = base.substring(0, remIdx) + base.substring(remIdx + remLen);
}
return base;
}
I just ran your code in an IDE. It compiles correctly and matches all tests shown on codingbat. There must be some bug with codingbat's test cases.
If you are curious, this problem can be solved with a single line of code:
public String withoutString(String base, String remove) {
return base.replaceAll("(?i)" + remove, ""); //String#replaceAll(String, String) with case insensitive regex.
}
Regex explaination:
The first argument taken by String#replaceAll(String, String) is what is known as a Regular Expression or "regex" for short.
Regex is a powerful tool to perform pattern matching within Strings. In this case, the regular expression being used is (assuming that remove is equal to IS):
(?i)IS
This particular expression has two parts: (?i) and IS.
IS matches the string "IS" exactly, nothing more, nothing less.
(?i) is simply a flag to tell the regex engine to ignore case.
With (?i)IS, all of: IS, Is, iS and is will be matched.
As an addition, this is (almost) equivalent to the regular expressions: (IS|Is|iS|is), (I|i)(S|s) and [Ii][Ss].
EDIT
Turns out that your output is not correct and is failing as expected. See: dansalmo's answer.
public String withoutString(String base, String remove) {
String temp = base.replaceAll(remove, "");
String temp2 = temp.replaceAll(remove.toLowerCase(), "");
return temp2.replaceAll(remove.toUpperCase(), "");
}
Please find below my solution
public String withoutString(String base, String remove) {
final int rLen=remove.length();
final int bLen=base.length();
String op="";
for(int i = 0; i < bLen;)
{
if(!(i + rLen > bLen) && base.substring(i, i + rLen).equalsIgnoreCase(remove))
{
i +=rLen;
continue;
}
op += base.substring(i, i + 1);
i++;
}
return op;
}
Something things go really weird on codingBat this is just one of them.
I am adding to a previous solution, but using a StringBuilder for better practice. Most credit goes to Anirudh.
public String withoutString(String base, String remove) {
//create a constant integer the size of remove.length();
final int rLen=remove.length();
//create a constant integer the size of base.length();
final int bLen=base.length();
//Create an empty string;
StringBuilder op = new StringBuilder();
//Create the for loop.
for(int i = 0; i < bLen;)
{
//if the remove string lenght we are looking for is not less than the base length
// and the base substring equals the remove string.
if(!(i + rLen > bLen) && base.substring(i, i + rLen).equalsIgnoreCase(remove))
{
//Increment by the remove length, and skip adding it to the string.
i +=rLen;
continue;
}
//else, we add the character at i to the string builder.
op.append(base.charAt(i));
//and increment by one.
i++;
}
//We return the string.
return op.toString();
}
Taylor's solution is the most efficient one, however I have another solution that is a naive one and it works.
public String withoutString(String base, String remove) {
String returnString = base;
while(returnString.toLowerCase().indexOf(remove.toLowerCase())!=-1){
int start = returnString.toLowerCase().indexOf(remove.toLowerCase());
int end = remove.length();
returnString = returnString.substring(0, start) + returnString.substring(start+end);
}
return returnString;
}
#Daemon
your code works. Thanks for the regex explanation. Though dansalmo pointed out that codingbat is displaying the intended output incorrectly, I through in some extra lines to your code to unnecessarily account for the double spaces with the following:
public String withoutString(String base, String remove){
String result = base.replaceAll("(?i)" + remove, "");
for(int i = 0; i < result.length()-1;){
if(result.substring(i,i+2).equals(" ")){
result = result.replace(result.substring(i,i+2), " ");
}
else i++;
}
if(result.startsWith(" ")) result = result.substring(1);
return result;
}
public String withoutString(String base, String remove){
return base.replace(remove,"");
}

Parsing comma-separated values enclosed with quotes

I'm trying to parse comma separated values that are enclosed in quotes using only standard Java libraries (I know this must be possible)
As an example file.txt contains a new line for each row of
"Foo","Bar","04042013","04102013","Stuff"
"Foo2","Bar2","04042013","04102013","Stuff2"
However when I parse the file with the code I've written so far:
import java.io.*;
import java.util.Arrays;
public class ReadCSV{
public static void main(String[] arg) throws Exception {
BufferedReader myFile = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("file.txt"));
String myRow = myFile.readLine();
while (myRow != null){
//split by comma separated quote enclosed values
//BUG - first and last values get an extra quote
String[] myArray = myRow.split("\",\""); //the problem
for (String item:myArray) { System.out.print(item + "\t"); }
System.out.println();
myRow = myFile.readLine();
}
myFile.close();
}
}
However the output is
"Foo Bar 04042013 04102013 Stuff"
"Foo2 Bar2 04042013 04102013 Stuff2"
Instead of
Foo Bar 04042013 04102013 Stuff
Foo2 Bar2 04042013 04102013 Stuff2
I know I went wrong on the Split but I'm not sure how to fix it.
Before doing split, just remove first double quote and last double quote in myRow variable using below line.
myRow = myRow.substring(1, myRow.length() - 1);
(UPDATE) Also check if myRow is not empty. Otherwise above code will cause exception. For example below code checks if myRow is not empty and then only removes double quotes from the string.
if (!myRow.isEmpty()) {
myRow = myRow.substring(1, myRow.length() - 1);
}
i think you will probably have to go for a stateful approach, basically like the code below (another state would be necessary if you want to allow escaping of quotes within a value):
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class CSV {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String s = "\"hello, i am\",\"a string\"";
String x = s;
List<String> l = new ArrayList<String>();
int state = 0;
while(x.length()>0) {
if(state == 0) {
if(x.indexOf("\"")>-1) {
x = x.substring(x.indexOf("\"")+1).trim();
state = 1;
} else {
break;
}
} else if(state == 1) {
if(x.indexOf("\"")>-1) {
String found = x.substring(0,x.indexOf("\""));
System.err.println("found: "+found);
l.add(found);
x = x.substring(x.indexOf("\"")+1).trim();
state = 0;
} else {
throw new RuntimeException("bad format");
}
} else if(state == 2) {
if(x.indexOf(",")>-1) {
x = x.substring(x.indexOf(",")+1).trim();
state = 0;
} else {
break;
}
}
}
for(String f : l) {
System.err.println(f);
}
}
}
Instead, you can use replaceAll, which, for me, looks more suitable for this task:
myRow = myRow.replaceAll("\"", "").replaceAll(","," ");
This will replace all the " with nothing (Will remove them), then it'll replace all , with space (You can increase the number of spaces of course).
The problem in above code snippet is that you are splitting the String based on ",".
on your Line start "foo"," and end ","stuff" the starting and ending quotes does not match with "," so there are not splitted.
so this definitely not a bug in java. in your case you need to handle that part yourself.
You have multiple options to do it. some of them can be like below.
1. If you are sure there will be always a starting " and ending " you can remove them from String before hand before splitting.
2. If the starting " and " are optional, you can first check it with startsWith endsWith and then remove if exists before splitting.
You can simply get the String delimitered by the comma and then delete the first and last '"'.
=)
hope thats helpfull
dont have much time :D
String s = "\"Foo\",\"Bar\",\"04042013\",\"04102013\",\"Stuff\"";
String[] bufferArray = new String[10];
String bufferString;
int i = 0;
System.out.println(s);
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(s);
scanner.useDelimiter(",");
while(scanner.hasNext()) {
bufferString = scanner.next();
bufferArray[i] = bufferString.subSequence(1, bufferString.length() - 1).toString();
i++;
}
System.out.println(bufferArray[0]);
System.out.println(bufferArray[1]);
System.out.println(bufferArray[2]);
This solution is less elegant than a String.split() oneliner. The advantage is that we avoid fragile string manipulation, ie. the use of String.substring(). The string must end with ," however.
This version handles spaces between delimiters. Delimiter characters within quotes are ignored as expected, as are escaped quotes (for example \").
String s = "\"F\\\",\\\"oo\" , \"B,ar\",\"04042013\",\"04102013\",\"St,u\\\"ff\"";
Pattern p = Pattern.compile("(.*?)\"\\s*,\\s*\"");
Matcher m = p.matcher(s + ",\""); // String must end with ,"
while (m.find()) {
String result = m.group(1);
System.out.println(result);
}

Determine if a String is a number and convert in Java?

I know variants of this question have been asked frequently before (see here and here for instance), but this is not an exact duplicate of those.
I would like to check if a String is a number, and if so I would like to store it as a double. There are several ways to do this, but all of them seem inappropriate for my purposes.
One solution would be to use Double.parseDouble(s) or similarly new BigDecimal(s). However, those solutions don't work if there are commas present (so "1,234" would cause an exception). I could of course strip out all commas before using these techniques, but that would seem to pose loads of problems in other locales.
I looked at Apache Commons NumberUtils.isNumber(s), but that suffers from the same comma issue.
I considered NumberFormat or DecimalFormat, but those seemed far too lenient. For instance, "1A" is formatted to "1" instead of indicating that it's not a number. Furthermore, something like "127.0.0.1" will be counted as the number 127 instead of indicating that it's not a number.
I feel like my requirements aren't so exotic that I'm the first to do this, but none of the solutions does exactly what I need. I suppose even I don't know exactly what I need (otherwise I could write my own parser), but I know the above solutions do not work for the reasons indicated. Does any solution exist, or do I need to figure out precisely what I need and write my own code for it?
Sounds quite weird, but I would try to follow this answer and use java.util.Scanner.
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(input);
if (scanner.hasNextInt())
System.out.println(scanner.nextInt());
else if (scanner.hasNextDouble())
System.out.println(scanner.nextDouble());
else
System.out.println("Not a number");
For inputs such as 1A, 127.0.0.1, 1,234, 6.02e-23 I get the following output:
Not a number
Not a number
1234
6.02E-23
Scanner.useLocale can be used to change to the desired locale.
You can specify the Locale that you need:
NumberFormat nf = NumberFormat.getInstance(Locale.GERMAN);
double myNumber = nf.parse(myString).doubleValue();
This should work in your example since German Locale has commas as decimal separator.
You can use the ParsePosition as a check for complete consumption of the string in a NumberFormat.parse operation. If the string is consumed, then you don't have a "1A" situation. If not, you do and can behave accordingly. See here for a quick outline of the solution and here for the related JDK bug that is closed as wont fix because of the ParsePosition option.
Unfortunately Double.parseDouble(s) or new BigDecimal(s) seem to be your best options.
You cite localisation concerns, but unfortunately there is no way reliably support all locales w/o specification by the user anyway. It is just impossible.
Sometimes you can reason about the scheme used by looking at whether commas or periods are used first, if both are used, but this isn't always possible, so why even try? Better to have a system which you know works reliably in certain situations than try to rely on one which may work in more situations but can also give bad results...
What does the number 123,456 represent? 123456 or 123.456?
Just strip commas, or spaces, or periods, depending on locale specified by user. Default to stripping spaces and commas. If you want to make it stricter, only strip commas OR spaces, not both, and only before the period if there is one. Also should be pretty easy to check manually if they are spaced properly in threes. In fact a custom parser might be easiest here.
Here is a bit of a proof of concept. It's a bit (very) messy but I reckon it works, and you get the idea anyways :).
public class StrictNumberParser {
public double parse(String numberString) throws NumberFormatException {
numberString = numberString.trim();
char[] numberChars = numberString.toCharArray();
Character separator = null;
int separatorCount = 0;
boolean noMoreSeparators = false;
for (int index = 1; index < numberChars.length; index++) {
char character = numberChars[index];
if (noMoreSeparators || separatorCount < 3) {
if (character == '.') {
if (separator != null) {
throw new NumberFormatException();
} else {
noMoreSeparators = true;
}
} else if (separator == null && (character == ',' || character == ' ')) {
if (noMoreSeparators) {
throw new NumberFormatException();
}
separator = new Character(character);
separatorCount = -1;
} else if (!Character.isDigit(character)) {
throw new NumberFormatException();
}
separatorCount++;
} else {
if (character == '.') {
noMoreSeparators = true;
} else if (separator == null) {
if (Character.isDigit(character)) {
noMoreSeparators = true;
} else if (character == ',' || character == ' ') {
separator = new Character(character);
} else {
throw new NumberFormatException();
}
} else if (!separator.equals(character)) {
throw new NumberFormatException();
}
separatorCount = 0;
}
}
if (separator != null) {
if (!noMoreSeparators && separatorCount != 3) {
throw new NumberFormatException();
}
numberString = numberString.replaceAll(separator.toString(), "");
}
return Double.parseDouble(numberString);
}
public void testParse(String testString) {
try {
System.out.println("result: " + parse(testString));
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
System.out.println("Couldn't parse number!");
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
StrictNumberParser p = new StrictNumberParser();
p.testParse("123 45.6");
p.testParse("123 4567.8");
p.testParse("123 4567");
p.testParse("12 45");
p.testParse("123 456 45");
p.testParse("345.562,346");
p.testParse("123 456,789");
p.testParse("123,456,789");
p.testParse("123 456 789.52");
p.testParse("23,456,789");
p.testParse("3,456,789");
p.testParse("123 456.12");
p.testParse("1234567.8");
}
}
EDIT: obviously this would need to be extended for recognising scientific notation, but this should be simple enough, especially as you don't have to actually validate anything after the e, you can just let parseDouble fail if it is badly formed.
Also might be a good idea to properly extend NumberFormat with this. have a getSeparator() for parsed numbers and a setSeparator for giving desired output format... This sort of takes care of localisation, but again more work would need to be done to support ',' for decimals...
Not sure if it meets all your requirements, but the code found here might point you in the right direction?
From the article:
To summarize, the steps for proper input processing are:
Get an appropriate NumberFormat and define a ParsePosition variable.
Set the ParsePosition index to zero.
Parse the input value with parse(String source, ParsePosition parsePosition).
Perform error operations if the input length and ParsePosition index value don't match or if the parsed Number is null.
Otherwise, the value passed validation.
This is an interesting problem. But perhaps it is a little open-ended? Are you looking specifically to identify base-10 numbers, or hex, or what? I'm assuming base-10. What about currency? Is that important? Or is it just numbers.
In any case, I think that you can use the deficiencies of Number format to your advantage. Since you no that something like "1A", will be interpreted as 1, why not check the result by formatting it and comparing against the original string?
public static boolean isNumber(String s){
try{
Locale l = Locale.getDefault();
DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat("###.##;-##.##");
Number n = df.parse(s);
String sb = df.format(n);
return sb.equals(s);
}
catch(Exception e){
return false;
}
}
What do you think?
This is really interesting, and I think people are trying to overcomplicate it. I would really just break this down by rules:
1) Check for scientific notation (does it match the pattern of being all numbers, commas, periods, -/+ and having an 'e' in it?) -- if so, parse however you want
2) Does it match the regexp for valid numeric characters (0-9 , . - +) (only 1 . - or + allowed)
if so, strip out everything that's not a digit and parse appropriately, otherwise fail.
I can't see a shortcut that's going to work here, just take the brute force approach, not everything in programming can be (or needs to be) completely elegant.
My understanding is that you want to cover Western/Latin languages while retaining as much strict interpretation as possible. So what I'm doing here is asking DecimalFormatSymbols to tell me what the grouping, decimal, negative, and zero separators are, and swapping them out for symbols Double will recognize.
How does it perform?
In the US, it rejects: "1A", "127.100.100.100"
and accepts "1.47E-9"
In Germany it still rejects "1A"
It ACCEPTS "1,024.00" but interprets it correctly as 1.024. Likewise, it accepts "127.100.100.100" as 127100100100.0
In fact, the German locale correctly identifies and parses "1,47E-9"
Let me know if you have any trouble in a different locale.
import java.util.Locale;
import java.text.DecimalFormatSymbols;
public class StrictNumberFormat {
public static boolean isDouble(String s, Locale l) {
String clean = convertLocaleCharacters(s,l);
try {
Double.valueOf(clean);
return true;
} catch (NumberFormatException nfe) {
return false;
}
}
public static double doubleValue(String s, Locale l) {
return Double.valueOf(convertLocaleCharacters(s,l));
}
public static boolean isDouble(String s) {
return isDouble(s,Locale.getDefault());
}
public static double doubleValue(String s) {
return doubleValue(s,Locale.getDefault());
}
private static String convertLocaleCharacters(String number, Locale l) {
DecimalFormatSymbols symbols = new DecimalFormatSymbols(l);
String grouping = getUnicodeRepresentation( symbols.getGroupingSeparator() );
String decimal = getUnicodeRepresentation( symbols.getDecimalSeparator() );
String negative = getUnicodeRepresentation( symbols.getMinusSign() );
String zero = getUnicodeRepresentation( symbols.getZeroDigit() );
String clean = number.replaceAll(grouping, "");
clean = clean.replaceAll(decimal, ".");
clean = clean.replaceAll(negative, "-");
clean = clean.replaceAll(zero, "0");
return clean;
}
private static String getUnicodeRepresentation(char ch) {
String unicodeString = Integer.toHexString(ch); //ch implicitly promoted to int
while(unicodeString.length()<4) unicodeString = "0"+unicodeString;
return "\\u"+unicodeString;
}
}
You're best off doing it manually. Figure out what you can accept as a number and disregard everything else:
import java.lang.NumberFormatException;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
public class ParseDouble {
public static void main(String[] argv) {
String line = "$$$|%|#|1A|127.0.0.1|1,344|95|99.64";
for (String s : line.split("\\|")) {
try {
System.out.println("parsed: " +
any2double(s)
);
}catch (NumberFormatException ne) {
System.out.println(ne.getMessage());
}
}
}
public static double any2double(String input) throws NumberFormatException {
double out =0d;
Pattern special = Pattern.compile("[^a-zA-Z0-9\\.,]+");
Pattern letters = Pattern.compile("[a-zA-Z]+");
Pattern comma = Pattern.compile(",");
Pattern allDigits = Pattern.compile("^[0-9]+$");
Pattern singleDouble = Pattern.compile("^[0-9]+\\.[0-9]+$");
Matcher[] goodCases = new Matcher[]{
allDigits.matcher(input),
singleDouble.matcher(input)
};
Matcher[] nanCases = new Matcher[]{
special.matcher(input),
letters.matcher(input)
};
// maybe cases
if (comma.matcher(input).find()){
out = Double.parseDouble(
comma.matcher(input).replaceFirst("."));
return out;
}
for (Matcher m : nanCases) {
if (m.find()) {
throw new NumberFormatException("Bad input "+input);
}
}
for (Matcher m : goodCases) {
if (m.find()) {
try {
out = Double.parseDouble(input);
return out;
} catch (NumberFormatException ne){
System.out.println(ne.getMessage());
}
}
}
throw new NumberFormatException("Could not parse "+input);
}
}
If you set your locale right, built in parseDouble will work with commas. Example is here.
I think you've got a multi step process to handle here with a custom solution, if you're not willing to accept the results of DecimalFormat or the answers already linked.
1) Identify the decimal and grouping separators. You might need to identify other format symbols (such as scientific notation indicators).
http://download.oracle.com/javase/1.4.2/docs/api/java/text/DecimalFormat.html#getDecimalFormatSymbols()
2) Strip out all grouping symbols (or craft a regex, be careful of other symbols you accept such as the decimal if you do). Then strip out the first decimal symbol. Other symbols as needed.
3) Call parse or isNumber.
One of the easy hacks would be to use replaceFirst for String you get and check the new String whether it is a double or not. In case it's a double - convert back (if needed)
If you want to convert some string number which is comma separated decimal to double, you could use DecimalSeparator + DecimalFormalSymbols:
final double strToDouble(String str, char separator){
DecimalFormatSymbols s = new DecimalFormatSymbols();
s.setDecimalSeparator(separator);
DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat();
double num = 0;
df.setDecimalFormatSymbols(s);
try{
num = ((Double) df.parse(str)).doubleValue();
}catch(ClassCastException | ParseException ex){
// if you want, you could add something here to
// indicate the string is not double
}
return num;
}
well, lets test it:
String a = "1.2";
String b = "2,3";
String c = "A1";
String d = "127.0.0.1";
System.out.println("\"" + a + "\" = " + strToDouble(a, ','));
System.out.println("\"" + a + "\" (with '.' as separator) = "
+ strToDouble(a, '.'));
System.out.println("\"" + b + "\" = " + strToDouble(b, ','));
System.out.println("\"" + c + "\" = " + strToDouble(c, ','));
System.out.println("\"" + d + "\" = " + strToDouble(d, ','));
if you run the above code, you'll see:
"1.2" = 0.0
"1.2" (with '.' as separator) = 1.2
"2,3" = 2.3
"A1" = 0.0
"127.0.0.1" = 0.0
This will take a string, count its decimals and commas, remove commas, conserve a valid decimal (note that this is based on US standardization - in order to handle 1.000.000,00 as 1 million this process would have to have the decimal and comma handling switched), determine if the structure is valid, and then return a double. Returns null if the string could not be converted. Edit: Added support for international or US. convertStoD(string,true) for US, convertStoD(string,false) for non US. Comments are now for US version.
public double convertStoD(string s,bool isUS){
//string s = "some string or number, something dynamic";
bool isNegative = false;
if(s.charAt(0)== '-')
{
s = s.subString(1);
isNegative = true;
}
string ValidNumberArguements = new string();
if(isUS)
{
ValidNumberArguements = ",.";
}else{
ValidNumberArguements = ".,";
}
int length = s.length;
int currentCommas = 0;
int currentDecimals = 0;
for(int i = 0; i < length; i++){
if(s.charAt(i) == ValidNumberArguements.charAt(0))//charAt(0) = ,
{
currentCommas++;
continue;
}
if(s.charAt(i) == ValidNumberArguements.charAt(1))//charAt(1) = .
{
currentDec++;
continue;
}
if(s.charAt(i).matches("\D"))return null;//remove 1 A
}
if(currentDecimals > 1)return null;//remove 1.00.00
string decimalValue = "";
if(currentDecimals > 0)
{
int index = s.indexOf(ValidNumberArguements.charAt(1));
decimalValue += s.substring(index);
s = s.substring(0,index);
if(decimalValue.indexOf(ValidNumberArguements.charAt(0)) != -1)return null;//remove 1.00,000
}
int allowedCommas = (s.length-1) / 3;
if(currentCommas > allowedCommas)return null;//remove 10,00,000
String[] NumberParser = s.split(ValidNumberArguements.charAt(0));
length = NumberParser.length;
StringBuilder returnString = new StringBuilder();
for(int i = 0; i < length; i++)
{
if(i == 0)
{
if(NumberParser[i].length > 3 && length > 1)return null;//remove 1234,0,000
returnString.append(NumberParser[i]);
continue;
}
if(NumberParser[i].length != 3)return null;//ensure proper 1,000,000
returnString.append(NumberParser[i]);
}
returnString.append(decimalValue);
double answer = Double.parseDouble(returnString);
if(isNegative)answer *= -1;
return answer;
}
This code should handle most inputs, except IP addresses where all groups of digits are in three's (ex: 255.255.255.255 is valid, but not 255.1.255.255). It also doesn't support scientific notation
It will work with most variants of separators (",", "." or space). If more than one separator is detected, the first is assumed to be the thousands separator, with additional checks (validity etc.)
Edit: prevDigit is used for checking that the number uses thousand separators correctly. If there are more than one group of thousands, all but the first one must be in groups of 3. I modified the code to make it clearer so that "3" is not a magic number but a constant.
Edit 2: I don't mind the down votes much, but can someone explain what the problem is?
/* A number using thousand separator must have
groups of 3 digits, except the first one.
Numbers following the decimal separator can
of course be unlimited. */
private final static int GROUP_SIZE=3;
public static boolean isNumber(String input) {
boolean inThousandSep = false;
boolean inDecimalSep = false;
boolean endsWithDigit = false;
char thousandSep = '\0';
int prevDigits = 0;
for(int i=0; i < input.length(); i++) {
char c = input.charAt(i);
switch(c) {
case ',':
case '.':
case ' ':
endsWithDigit = false;
if(inDecimalSep)
return false;
else if(inThousandSep) {
if(c != thousandSep)
inDecimalSep = true;
if(prevDigits != GROUP_SIZE)
return false; // Invalid use of separator
}
else {
if(prevDigits > GROUP_SIZE || prevDigits == 0)
return false;
thousandSep = c;
inThousandSep = true;
}
prevDigits = 0;
break;
default:
if(Character.isDigit(c)) {
prevDigits++;
endsWithDigit = true;
}
else {
return false;
}
}
}
return endsWithDigit;
}
Test code:
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(isNumber("100")); // true
System.out.println(isNumber("100.00")); // true
System.out.println(isNumber("1,5")); // true
System.out.println(isNumber("1,000,000.00.")); // false
System.out.println(isNumber("100,00,2")); // false
System.out.println(isNumber("123.123.23.123")); // false
System.out.println(isNumber("123.123.123.123")); // true
}

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