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App crashing when switching to landscape mode (Android Studio)

I'm new to android development, and I have been trying to use fragments, however, the app is crashing when I try to switch to landscape mode. I have been trying to use android:configChanges="keyboard|keyboardHidden|orientation|screenLayout|uiMode|screenSize|smallestScreenSize" android:windowSoftInputMode="adjustPan" in my application manifest, but it seems that the application just ignores it and keeps staying in portrait mode despite being in landscape until the app restarts.
Here is my code
main XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity">
<fragment
android:id="#+id/fragment"
android:name="com.example.TopFrag"
android:layout_width="421dp"
android:layout_height="163dp"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.49"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
<fragment
android:id="#+id/fragment2"
android:name="com.example.BottomFrag"
android:layout_width="413dp"
android:layout_height="568dp"
android:layout_marginTop="1dp"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.708"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="#+id/fragment" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
//Main activity `
package com.example;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.app.Fragment;
import android.app.FragmentTransaction;
import android.app.FragmentManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
MainActivity
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements TopFrag.TopHalfFragmentListener{
#Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
FragmentManager fm = getFragmentManager();
FragmentTransaction ft = fm.beginTransaction();
Fragment myFragment = new TopFrag();
ft.replace(R.id.fragment,myFragment);
ft.commit();
}
#Override
public void handleClicks(int holder) {
}
}
Fragment XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="#color/topFrag"
tools:context=".TopFrag" >
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<Button
android:id="#+id/btnUp"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginTop="88dp"
android:layout_marginEnd="71dp"
android:text="#string/minus"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="#+id/btnDown"
app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.855"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
<Button
android:id="#+id/btnDown"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_marginTop="88dp"
android:layout_marginEnd="88dp"
android:text="#string/plus"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
</FrameLayout>
Fragment.java
package com.example;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Fragment;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.Button;
/**
* A simple {#link Fragment} subclass.
*/
public class TopFrag extends Fragment implements View.OnClickListener{
public TopFrag() {
// Required empty public constructor
}
Button up;
Button down;
int count =0;
#Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
View mv = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_top, container, false);
up = mv.findViewById(R.id.btnDown);
down = mv.findViewById(R.id.btnUp);
up.setOnClickListener(this);
down.setOnClickListener(this);
return mv;
}
#Override
public void onClick(View v) {
if (up.isPressed()){
count= count+1;
}else if(count>0){
count= count -1;
}
TopHalfFragmentListener clickListner = (TopHalfFragmentListener) getActivity();
clickListner.handleClicks(count);
}
public interface TopHalfFragmentListener{
void handleClicks(int count);
}
}
Fragment 2 XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="#color/bottomFragColor"
tools:context=".BottomFrag" >
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<TextView
android:id="#+id/txtOutput"
android:layout_width="31dp"
android:layout_height="13dp"
android:layout_marginTop="200dp"
android:textSize="18sp"
android:textStyle="bold"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
</FrameLayout>
Fragment 2.JAVA
import android.os.Bundle;
import androidx.fragment.app.Fragment;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
/**
* A simple {#link Fragment} subclass.
*/
public class BottomFrag extends Fragment {
public BottomFrag() {
// Required empty public constructor
}
#Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
View mv = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_bottom, container, false);
return mv;
}
}
The error i received..
E/AndroidRuntime: FATAL EXCEPTION: main
Process: com.example, PID: 1096
java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity
ComponentInfo{com.example/com.example.MainActivity}: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file
line #9: Binary XML file line #9: Error inflating class fragment
at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2817)
at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2892)
at android.app.ActivityThread.handleRelaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:4754)
at android.app.ActivityThread.-wrap18(Unknown Source:0)
at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1599)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:105)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:164)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:6541)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at com.android.internal.os.Zygote$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(Zygote.java:240)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:767)
Caused by: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #9: Binary XML file line #9: Error
inflating class fragment
Caused by: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #9: Error inflating class fragment
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Fragment com.example.TopFrag did not create a view.
at android.app.FragmentManagerImpl.onCreateView(FragmentManager.java:3643)
at android.app.FragmentController.onCreateView(FragmentController.java:98)
at android.app.Activity.onCreateView(Activity.java:6187)
at androidx.fragment.app.FragmentActivity.onCreateView(FragmentActivity.java:389)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:780)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:730)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:863)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflateChildren(LayoutInflater.java:824)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:515)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:423)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:374)
at androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatDelegateImpl.setContentView(AppCompatDelegateImpl.java:469)
at androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity.setContentView(AppCompatActivity.java:140)
at com.example.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:22)
at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:6975)
at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1213)
at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2770)
at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2892)
at android.app.ActivityThread.handleRelaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:4754)
at android.app.ActivityThread.-wrap18(Unknown Source:0)
at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1599)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:105)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:164)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:6541)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at com.android.internal.os.Zygote$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(Zygote.java:240)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:767)
Any help is much appreciated.

java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #13

I'm new at learning Android. I'll be short. I'm receiving the error as mentioned at the bottom. I've added a fragment via XML. I've searched for solutions but none worked so far. Where am I going wrong?
If I can be pointed to a solution that's okay. May I get an explanation as to why this happens?
E/AndroidRuntime: FATAL EXCEPTION: main
Process: com.example.workout, PID: 7653
java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{com.example.workout/com.example.workout.DetailActivity}: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #9: Binary XML file line #9: Error inflating class fragment
at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2969)
at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:3047)
at android.app.ActivityThread.-wrap11(Unknown Source:0)
at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1777)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:106)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:166)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:6861)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:450)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:936)
Caused by: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #9: Binary XML file line #9: Error inflating class fragment
Caused by: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #9: Error inflating class fragment
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Binary XML file line #9: Must specify unique android:id, android:tag, or have a parent with an id for com.example.workout.WorkoutDetailFragment
at androidx.fragment.app.FragmentManagerImpl.onCreateView(FragmentManagerImpl.java:3177)
at androidx.fragment.app.FragmentController.onCreateView(FragmentController.java:134)
at androidx.fragment.app.FragmentActivity.dispatchFragmentsOnCreateView(FragmentActivity.java:357)
at androidx.fragment.app.FragmentActivity.onCreateView(FragmentActivity.java:336)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:791)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:741)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:874)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflateChildren(LayoutInflater.java:835)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:515)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:423)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:374)
at androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatDelegateImpl.setContentView(AppCompatDelegateImpl.java:555)
at androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity.setContentView(AppCompatActivity.java:161)
at com.example.workout.DetailActivity.onCreate(DetailActivity.java:12)
at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:7110)
at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:7101)
at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1214)
at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2922)
at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:3047)
at android.app.ActivityThread.-wrap11(Unknown Source:0)
at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1777)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:106)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:166)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:6861)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:450)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:936)
DetailActivity Xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".DetailActivity">
<fragment
class="com.example.workout.WorkoutDetailFragment"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
/>
DetailActivity Java
package com.example.workout;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
public class DetailActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
#Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_detail);
}
}
Fragment xml
<!-- TODO: Update blank fragment layout -->
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge"
android:id="#+id/textTitle"
android:text="#string/workout_title"/>
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="#+id/textDescription"
android:text="#string/workout_description"/>
</LinearLayout>
MainActivity Java
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
#Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
}
public void onShowDetails(View view){
Intent intent = new Intent(this, DetailActivity.class);
startActivity(intent);
}
}

fix your detail_activity.xml replace class by android:name
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".DetailActivity">
<fragment
android:name="com.example.workout.WorkoutDetailFragment"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
/>
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

Modify your DetailActivity.xml tag fragment as follow
<fragment android:name="com.example.workout.WorkoutDetailFragment"
android:id="#+id/frag"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent" />

Implement your main activity with OnFragmentInteractionListener and change xml as per below code
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements WorkoutDetailFragment.OnFragmentInteractionListener {
#Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.detail_activity);
}
#Override
public void onFragmentInteraction(Uri uri) {
}}
And your XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context=".MainActivity">
<fragment
android:id="#+id/fragment"
android:name="com.example.myapplication.WorkoutDetailFragment"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="0dp"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
Share Fragment class file if you still can't execute

Please specify the unique id for your fragment and try.
<fragment
android:id="#+id/fragId"
class="com.example.workout.WorkoutDetailFragment"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
/>

Fragment inflation from different flavors

I am learning Android and I cannot find the solution to a fragment instantiation error when they are in different flavors.
Setup:
I have a main fragment that is loaded into the main activity.
I have two favors: paid and free.
The main (common) part of the app doesn't have the fragment (layout + java files), I put them into the favors.
I get the following error when I try to run my program:
01-24 19:38:06.211 27417-27417/com.udacity.gradle.builditbigger.paid E/AndroidRuntime: FATAL EXCEPTION: main
Process: com.udacity.gradle.builditbigger.paid, PID: 27417
java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{com.udacity.gradle.builditbigger.paid/com.udacity.gradle.builditbigger.MainActivity}: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #1: Binary XML file line #1: Error inflating class fragment
at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2817)
at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2892)
at android.app.ActivityThread.-wrap11(Unknown Source:0)
at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1593)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:105)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:164)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:6541)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at com.android.internal.os.Zygote$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(Zygote.java:240)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:767)
Caused by: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #1: Binary XML file line #1: Error inflating class fragment
Caused by: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #1: Error inflating class fragment
Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException
at java.lang.VMClassLoader.findLoadedClass(Native Method)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.findLoadedClass(ClassLoader.java:738)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:363)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:312)
at android.support.v4.app.Fragment.isSupportFragmentClass(Fragment.java:499)
at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.onCreateView(FragmentManager.java:3637)
at android.support.v4.app.FragmentController.onCreateView(FragmentController.java:111)
at android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity.dispatchFragmentsOnCreateView(FragmentActivity.java:338)
at android.support.v4.app.BaseFragmentActivityApi14.onCreateView(BaseFragmentActivityApi14.java:39)
at android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity.onCreateView(FragmentActivity.java:67)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:780)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:730)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:492)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:423)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:374)
at android.support.v7.app.AppCompatDelegateImplV9.setContentView(AppCompatDelegateImplV9.java:287)
at android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity.setContentView(AppCompatActivity.java:139)
at com.udacity.gradle.builditbigger.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:14)
at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:6975)
at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1213)
at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2770)
at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2892)
at android.app.ActivityThread.-wrap11(Unknown Source:0)
at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1593)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:105)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:164)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:6541)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at com.android.internal.os.Zygote$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(Zygote.java:240)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:767)
I have tried many different versions of the fragment name because the error message tells me that the problem is with that, unfortunately none of them worked. Could you please help me to find the route cause of the issue (I mean not just the solution but why doesn't this work)? The code can be found on GitHub, but the relevant files are here:
src/java/com/udacity/gradle/builditbigger/MainActivity.java
package com.udacity.gradle.builditbigger;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.MenuItem;
import android.view.View;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
#Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
}
#Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu_main, menu);
return true;
}
#Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
// Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will
// automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long
// as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml.
int id = item.getItemId();
//noinspection SimplifiableIfStatement
if (id == R.id.action_settings) {
return true;
}
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}
public void tellJoke(View view) {
new EndpointsAsyncTask().execute(this);
}
}
src/res/layout/activity_main.xml
<fragment xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:id="#+id/fragment"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:layout="#layout/fragment_main" />
src/free/java/com/udacity/gradle/builditbigger/free/MainActivityFragment.java
package com.udacity.gradle.builditbigger.free;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import com.google.android.gms.ads.AdRequest;
import com.google.android.gms.ads.AdView;
import com.udacity.gradle.builditbigger.R;
/**
* A placeholder fragment containing a simple view.
*/
public class MainActivityFragment extends Fragment {
public MainActivityFragment() {
}
#Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
View root = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_main, container, false);
AdView mAdView = (AdView) root.findViewById(R.id.adView);
// Create an ad request. Check logcat output for the hashed device ID to
// get test ads on a physical device. e.g.
// "Use AdRequest.Builder.addTestDevice("ABCDEF012345") to get test ads on this device."
AdRequest adRequest = new AdRequest.Builder()
.addTestDevice(AdRequest.DEVICE_ID_EMULATOR)
.build();
mAdView.loadAd(adRequest);
return root;
}
}
src/free/res/layout/fragment_main.xml
<RelativeLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:ads="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:paddingBottom="#dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:paddingLeft="#dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingRight="#dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingTop="#dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
tools:context="com.udacity.gradle.builditbigger.MainActivity">
<TextView
android:id="#+id/instructions_text_view"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="#string/instructions" />
<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_below="#+id/instructions_text_view"
android:onClick="tellJoke"
android:text="#string/button_text" />
<com.google.android.gms.ads.AdView
android:id="#+id/adView"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
ads:adSize="BANNER"
ads:adUnitId="#string/banner_ad_unit_id" />
</RelativeLayout>
src/paid/java/com/udacity/gradle/builditbigger/paid/MainActivityFragment.java
package com.udacity.gradle.builditbigger.paid;
import android.support.v4.app.Fragment;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import com.udacity.gradle.builditbigger.R;
/**
* A placeholder fragment containing a simple view.
*/
public class MainActivityFragment extends Fragment {
public MainActivityFragment() {
}
#Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
View root = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_main, container, false);
return root;
}
}
src/paid/res/layout/fragment_main.xml
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:paddingBottom="#dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:paddingLeft="#dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingRight="#dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingTop="#dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
tools:context="com.udacity.gradle.builditbigger.MainActivity">
<TextView
android:id="#+id/instructions_text_view"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="#string/instructions" />
<Button
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_below="#+id/instructions_text_view"
android:onClick="tellJoke"
android:text="#string/button_text" />
</RelativeLayout>

Meanwhile, I found the solution. In src/res/layout/activity_main.xml you need to give the android:name attribute to the fragment in order to make it work. The name is the same in both flavors (MainActivityFragment), but the namespaces are different (free and paid). The only way to resolve this issue is that you need to move this layout file to the flavor parts of the application, and delete the original from the main part. Long story short, you have to delete the src/res/layout/activity_main.xml file, and add these two files to the project:
src/free/res/layout/activity_main.xml
<fragment xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:id="#+id/fragment"
android:name="com.udacity.gradle.builditbigger.free.MainActivityFragment"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:layout="#layout/fragment_main" />
src/paid/res/layout/activity_main.xml
<fragment xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:id="#+id/fragment"
android:name="com.udacity.gradle.builditbigger.paid.MainActivityFragment"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:layout="#layout/fragment_main" />
I am sorry for the original question, but I hope that it will be useful for someone.

android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #17: Error inflating class android.support.design.widget.NavigationView

I know its a kind of duplicate question but none of the suggested answers in the other posts helped me in resolving this Error.so please help me in resolving this error. I know my question has a lot of code to read but i have to post all of my code you guyz can take a look at my whole code.
My Stacktrace :-
E/AndroidRuntime: FATAL EXCEPTION: main
Process: com.vamediabox.vamediaboxapp, PID: 30915
java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{com.vamediabox.vamediaboxapp/com.vamediabox.vamediaboxapp.activities.MainActivity}: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #17: Error inflating class android.support.design.widget.NavigationView
at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2184)
at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2233)
at android.app.ActivityThread.access$800(ActivityThread.java:135)
at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1196)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:136)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5001)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:515)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:785)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:601)
at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)
Caused by: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #17: Error inflating class android.support.design.widget.NavigationView
at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:620)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:696)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:755)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:492)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:397)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:353)
at android.support.v7.app.AppCompatDelegateImplV9.setContentView(AppCompatDelegateImplV9.java:289)
at android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity.setContentView(AppCompatActivity.java:139)
at com.vamediabox.vamediaboxapp.activities.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:38)
at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:5231)
at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1087)
at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2148)
at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2233)
at android.app.ActivityThread.access$800(ActivityThread.java:135)
at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1196)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:136)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5001)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:515)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:785)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:601)
at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)
Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.constructNative(Native Method)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:594)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:696)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:755)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:492)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:397)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:353)
at android.support.v7.app.AppCompatDelegateImplV9.setContentView(AppCompatDelegateImplV9.java:289)
at android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity.setContentView(AppCompatActivity.java:139)
at com.vamediabox.vamediaboxapp.activities.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:38)
at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:5231)
at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1087)
at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2148)
at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2233)
at android.app.ActivityThread.access$800(ActivityThread.java:135)
at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1196)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:136)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5001)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:515)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:785)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:601)
at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Unexpected end of document
at android.support.v7.view.SupportMenuInflater.parseMenu(SupportMenuInflater.java:209)
at android.support.v7.view.SupportMenuInflater.inflate(SupportMenuInflater.java:122)
at android.support.design.widget.NavigationView.inflateMenu(NavigationView.java:250)
at android.support.design.widget.NavigationView.<init>(NavigationView.java:174)
at android.support.design.widget.NavigationView.<init>(NavigationView.java:100)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.constructNative(Native Method)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:594)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:696)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:755)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:492)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:397)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:353)
at android.support.v7.app.AppCompatDelegateImplV9.setContentView(AppCompatDelegateImplV9.java:289)
at android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity.setContentView(AppCompatActivity.java:139)
at com.vamediabox.vamediaboxapp.activities.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:38)
at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:5231)
at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1087)
at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2148)
at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2233)
at android.app.ActivityThread.access$800(ActivityThread.java:135)
at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1196)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:136)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5001)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:515)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:785)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:601)
at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)
My activity_main.xml :-
<android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:id="#+id/drawer_layout"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:fitsSystemWindows="true"
tools:openDrawer="start">
<include
layout="#layout/app_bar_navigation_panel"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent" />
<android.support.design.widget.NavigationView
android:id="#+id/nav_view"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:layout_gravity="start"
android:fitsSystemWindows="true"
app:headerLayout="#layout/nav_header_navigation_panel"
app:itemTextColor="#color/black"
app:menu="#menu/main_drawer" />
</android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout>
My app_bar_navigation_panel.xml :-
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.design.widget.CoordinatorLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:fitsSystemWindows="true"
tools:context="com.vamediabox.vamediaboxapp.activities.MainActivity">
<android.support.design.widget.AppBarLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:background="#color/red_button"
android:theme="#style/AppTheme.AppBarOverlay">
<include layout="#layout/toolbar" />
</android.support.design.widget.AppBarLayout>
<include layout="#layout/content_navigation_panel" />
</android.support.design.widget.CoordinatorLayout>
My content_navigation_panel.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
app:layout_behavior="#string/appbar_scrolling_view_behavior"
android:orientation="vertical">
<FrameLayout
android:id="#+id/your_placeholder"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="#color/white" />
</LinearLayout>
My nav_header_navigation_panel.xml :-
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="#dimen/nav_header_height"
android:layout_gravity="center"
android:gravity="center"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:paddingBottom="#dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:paddingLeft="#dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingRight="#dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
android:paddingTop="#dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
android:background="#drawable/background1"
android:theme="#style/ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.Dark">
<ImageView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:src="#drawable/logo"
android:id="#+id/iv1"
android:scaleType="fitCenter"/>
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_below="#+id/iv1"
android:layout_marginTop="15dp"
android:textSize="15sp"
android:text="www.vamediabox.com"
android:textColor="#color/white"/>
</RelativeLayout>
My toobar.xml
<android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
android:id="#+id/toolbar"
android:background="#drawable/background1"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="?attr/actionBarSize"
app:popupTheme="#style/ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.Light"
app:theme="#style/ThemeOverlay.AppCompat.Dark.ActionBar" />
My main_drawer.xml :-
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:anroid="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto">
<group android:checkableBehavior="single">
<item
android:id="#+id/nav_home"
android:icon="#drawable/ic_home_black_24dp"
android:title="Home" />
<item
android:id="#+id/nav_about"
android:icon="#drawable/ic_info_black_24dp"
android:title="About Us" />
<item
android:id="#+id/nav_services"
android:icon="#drawable/ic_settings_black_24dp"
android:title="Services" />
<item
android:id="#+id/nav_Portfolio"
android:icon="#drawable/ic_card_travel_black_24dp"
android:title="Portfolio" />
<item
android:id="#+id/nav_contact"
android:icon="#drawable/ic_contact_mail_black_24dp"
android:title="Contact" />
</group>
<menu>
<item
android:id="#+id/nav_exit"
android:icon="#drawable/ic_exit_to_app_black_24dp"
android:title="Exit" />
</menu>
</menu>
my home_fragment.xml
<RelativeLayout
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="#drawable/background1"
android:layout_marginTop="15dp"
tools:context="com.vamediabox.vamediaboxapp.activities.MainActivity">
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="#+id/ly_homeimage">
<ImageView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="250dp"
android:src="#drawable/socialmedia"
android:scaleType="fitXY"/>
</LinearLayout>
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_below="#+id/ly_homeimage"
android:layout_margin="10dp">
<ScrollView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
<TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:textSize="25sp"
android:textStyle="bold"
android:textColor="#color/aluminum"
android:text="#string/activity_home" />
</ScrollView>
</LinearLayout>
</RelativeLayout>
My main_activity.java
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements NavigationView.OnNavigationItemSelectedListener {
Fragment fragment;
FragmentManager fragmentManager;
Toolbar toolbar;
private Bundle bundle;
#Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
toolbar = (Toolbar) findViewById(R.id.toolbar);
setSupportActionBar(toolbar);
final DrawerLayout drawer = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);
ActionBarDrawerToggle toggle = new ActionBarDrawerToggle(this, drawer, toolbar, R.string.navigation_drawer_open, R.string.navigation_drawer_close);
assert drawer != null;
drawer.setDrawerListener(toggle);
drawer.setScrimColor(Color.TRANSPARENT);
toggle.syncState();
toggle.setToolbarNavigationClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
#Override
public void onClick(View view) {
if (drawer.isDrawerVisible(GravityCompat.START)) {
drawer.closeDrawer(GravityCompat.START);
} else {
drawer.openDrawer(GravityCompat.START);
}
}
});
NavigationView navigationView = (NavigationView) findViewById(R.id.nav_view);
navigationView.setNavigationItemSelectedListener(this);
bundle = getIntent().getExtras();
fragment = new HomeFragment();
getSupportActionBar().setTitle("VAMEDIA BOX");
setFragment();
}
#Override
protected void onStop() {
super.onStop();
}
public void setFragment() {
FragmentManager manager = getSupportFragmentManager();
FragmentTransaction transaction = manager.beginTransaction();
transaction.replace(R.id.your_placeholder, fragment).addToBackStack(null);
transaction.commit();
}
private void showMessageDialog(final boolean exit) {
//Exit Dialog
final android.app.Dialog popuplayout = new android.app.Dialog(MainActivity.this);
popuplayout.requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);
popuplayout.setContentView(R.layout.exitdialog);
popuplayout.getWindow().setBackgroundDrawable(new ColorDrawable(Color.TRANSPARENT));
Button btnYes = (Button) popuplayout.findViewById(R.id.btnYes);
Button btnNo = (Button) popuplayout.findViewById(R.id.btnNo);
TextView tittle = (TextView) popuplayout.findViewById(R.id.txtdialogtitle);
tittle.setText("");
TextView msg = (TextView) popuplayout.findViewById(R.id.txtdialogMsg);
if (!exit)
msg.setText("Do you want to exit from application?");
else
msg.setText("Do you want to exit from application?");
Display display = ((WindowManager) getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE)).getDefaultDisplay();
int width = display.getWidth();
popuplayout.show();
WindowManager.LayoutParams lp = new WindowManager.LayoutParams();
lp.copyFrom(popuplayout.getWindow().getAttributes());
lp.width = (int) (width - (width * 0.20));
lp.height = WindowManager.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT;
popuplayout.getWindow().setAttributes(lp);
btnYes.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
#Override
public void onClick(View v) {
popuplayout.cancel();
if (!exit) {
finish();
} else {
moveTaskToBack(true);
finish();
}
}
});
btnNo.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
#Override
public void onClick(View v) {
popuplayout.cancel();
}
});
}
#Override
public void onBackPressed() {
DrawerLayout drawer = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);
if (drawer.isDrawerOpen(GravityCompat.START)) {
drawer.closeDrawer(GravityCompat.START);
} else {
showMessageDialog(true);
}
}
#SuppressWarnings("StatementWithEmptyBody")
#Override
public boolean onNavigationItemSelected(#NonNull MenuItem item) {
String title = "";
switch (item.getItemId()) {
case R.id.nav_home: {
fragment = new HomeFragment();
title = "VAMEDIA BOX ";
break;
}
case R.id.nav_exit: {
title = "VAMEDIA BOX";
showMessageDialog(true);
}
}
getSupportActionBar().setTitle(title);
DrawerLayout drawer = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);
drawer.closeDrawer(GravityCompat.START);
setFragment();
return true;
}
}
My HomeFragment.java
public class HomeFragment extends Fragment {
private static final String ARG_PARAM1 = "param1";
private static final String ARG_PARAM2 = "param2";
private String mParam1;
private String mParam2;
private OnFragmentInteractionListener mListener;
public HomeFragment() {
}
public static HomeFragment newInstance(String param1, String param2) {
HomeFragment fragment = new HomeFragment();
Bundle args = new Bundle();
args.putString(ARG_PARAM1, param1);
args.putString(ARG_PARAM2, param2);
fragment.setArguments(args);
return fragment;
}
#Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
if (getArguments() != null) {
mParam1 = getArguments().getString(ARG_PARAM1);
mParam2 = getArguments().getString(ARG_PARAM2);
}
}
#Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// Inflate the layout for this fragment
return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_home, container, false);
}
// TODO: Rename method, update argument and hook method into UI event
public void onButtonPressed(Uri uri) {
if (mListener != null) {
mListener.onFragmentInteraction(uri);
}
}
#Override
public void onAttach(Context context) {
super.onAttach(context);
}
#Override
public void onDetach() {
super.onDetach();
mListener = null;
}
public interface OnFragmentInteractionListener {
// TODO: Update argument type and name
void onFragmentInteraction(Uri uri);
}
}

Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Unexpected end of document
at
android.support.v7.view.SupportMenuInflater.parseMenu(SupportMenuInflater.java:209)
As per official doc
<menu>
Defines a Menu, which is a container for menu items. A <menu> element must be the root node for the file and can hold one or more <item> and <group> elements.
Change your main_drawer.xml like this it will work
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:anroid="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto">
<group android:checkableBehavior="single">
<item
android:id="#+id/nav_home"
android:icon="#drawable/ic_home_black_24dp"
android:title="Home"/>
<item
android:id="#+id/nav_about"
android:icon="#drawable/ic_info_black_24dp"
android:title="About Us"/>
<item
android:id="#+id/nav_services"
android:icon="#drawable/ic_settings_black_24dp"
android:title="Services"/>
<item
android:id="#+id/nav_Portfolio"
android:icon="#drawable/ic_card_travel_black_24dp"
android:title="Portfolio"/>
<item
android:id="#+id/nav_contact"
android:icon="#drawable/ic_contact_mail_black_24dp"
android:title="Contact"/>
</group>
<item
android:id="#+id/nav_exit"
android:icon="#drawable/ic_exit_to_app_black_24dp"
android:title="Exit"/>
</menu>

Android Studio "Unfortunately my project has stopped" due to FATAL EXCEPTION

When I run my project with the emulator, it popped up "Unfortunately project has stopped" with a fatal exception, can anyone look at my project and know what error is? I got following logcat error:
**03-07 18:42:53.990 2615-2615/com.example.admin.fragmentsmemecreator23 E/AndroidRuntime: FATAL EXCEPTION: main
Process: com.example.admin.fragmentsmemecreator23, PID: 2615
java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity ComponentInfo{com.example.admin.fragmentsmemecreator23/com.example.admin.fragmentsmemecreator23.MainActivity}: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #24: Binary XML file line #2: Binary XML file line #2: Error inflating class <unknown>
at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2416)
at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2476)
at android.app.ActivityThread.-wrap11(ActivityThread.java)
at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1344)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:148)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5417)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:726)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:616)
Caused by: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #24: Binary XML file line #2: Binary XML file line #2: Error inflating class <unknown>
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:539)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:423)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:374)
at android.support.v7.app.AppCompatDelegateImplV7.setContentView(AppCompatDelegateImplV7.java:256)
at android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity.setContentView(AppCompatActivity.java:109)
at com.example.admin.fragmentsmemecreator23.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:19)
at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:6237)
at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1107)
at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2369)
at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2476) 
at android.app.ActivityThread.-wrap11(ActivityThread.java) 
at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1344) 
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102) 
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:148) 
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5417) 
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method) 
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:726) 
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:616) 
Caused by: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #2: Binary XML file line #2: Error inflating class <unknown>
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:539)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:423)
at com.example.admin.fragmentsmemecreator23.BottomPictureFragment.onCreateView(BottomPictureFragment.java:19)
at android.support.v4.app.Fragment.performCreateView(Fragment.java:1962)
at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.moveToState(FragmentManager.java:1036)
at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.moveToState(FragmentManager.java:1226)
at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.addFragment(FragmentManager.java:1328)
at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.onCreateView(FragmentManager.java:2284)
at android.support.v4.app.FragmentController.onCreateView(FragmentController.java:111)
at android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity.dispatchFragmentsOnCreateView(FragmentActivity.java:314)
at android.support.v4.app.BaseFragmentActivityHoneycomb.onCreateView(BaseFragmentActivityHoneycomb.java:31)
at android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity.onCreateView(FragmentActivity.java:79)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:754)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:704)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:835)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflateChildren(LayoutInflater.java:798)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.parseInclude(LayoutInflater.java:971)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflate(LayoutInflater.java:831)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.rInflateChildren(LayoutInflater.java:798)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:515)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:423) 
at android.view.LayoutInflater.inflate(LayoutInflater.java:374) 
at android.support.v7.app.AppCompatDelegateImplV7.setContentView(AppCompatDelegateImplV7.java:256) 
at android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity.setContentView(AppCompatActivity.java:109) 
at com.example.admin.fragmentsmemecreator23.MainActivity.onCreate(MainActivity.java:19) 
at android.app.Activity.performCreate(Activity.java:6237) 
at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1107) 
at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2369) 
at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2476) 
at android.app.ActivityThread.-wrap11(ActivityThread.java) 
at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:1344) 
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:102) 
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:148) 
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5417) 
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method) 
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:726) 
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:616) 
Caused by: android.view.InflateException: Binary XML file line #2: Error inflating class <unknown>
at android.view.LayoutInflater.createView(LayoutInflater.java:645)
at com.android.internal.policy.PhoneLayoutInflater.onCreateView(PhoneLayoutInflater.java:58)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.onCreateView(LayoutInflater.java:694)
at android.view.LayoutInflater.createViewFromTag(LayoutInflater.java:762)
There are three java classes and three xml files: 1. MainActivity.java 2. TopSectionFragment.java 3. BottomPictureFragment.java 4. top_section_fragment.xml 5. bottom_picture_fragment.xml 6.activity_main.xml
MainActivity.java
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements TopSectionFragment.TopSectionListener{
#Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
}
//This gets called when the user clicks the button
#Override
public void createMeme(String top, String bottom) {
BottomPictureFragment bottomFragment=(BottomPictureFragment)getSupportFragmentManager().findFragmentById(R.id.fragment2);
bottomFragment.setMemeText(top,bottom);
}
#Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu_main, menu);
return true;
}
#Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
// Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will
// automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long
// as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml.
int id = item.getItemId();
//noinspection SimplifiableIfStatement
if (id == R.id.action_settings) {
return true;
}
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}
}
TopSectionFragment.java
public class TopSectionFragment extends Fragment{
private static EditText topTextInput;
private static EditText bottomTextInput;
TopSectionListener activityCommander;
public interface TopSectionListener{
public void createMeme(String top,String bottom);
}
#Override
public void onAttach(Activity activity) {
super.onAttach(activity);
try {
activityCommander = (TopSectionListener) activity;
}catch (ClassCastException e){
System.out.println(e.getStackTrace());
throw new ClassCastException(activity.toString());
}
}
#Nullable
#Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, #Nullable ViewGroup container, #Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
View view=inflater.inflate(R.layout.top_section_fragment, container,false);
topTextInput=(EditText) view.findViewById(R.id.topTextInput);
bottomTextInput=(EditText) view.findViewById(R.id.bottomTextInput);
final Button button=(Button) view.findViewById(R.id.button);
button.setOnClickListener(
new View.OnClickListener(){
public void onClick(View v){
buttonClicked(v);
}
}
);
return view;
}
public void buttonClicked(View view){
activityCommander.createMeme(topTextInput.getText().toString(),bottomTextInput.getText().toString());
}
}
BottomPictureFragment.java
public class BottomPictureFragment extends Fragment{
private static TextView topMemeText;
private static TextView bottomMemeText;
#Nullable
#Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, #Nullable ViewGroup container, #Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
View view=inflater.inflate(R.layout.bottom_picture_fragment, container,false);
topMemeText=(TextView)view.findViewById(R.id.topMemeText);
bottomMemeText=(TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.bottomMemeText);
return view;
}
public void setMemeText(String top,String bottom){
topMemeText.setText(top);
bottomMemeText.setText(bottom);
}
}
top_section_fragment.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent">
<EditText
android:id="#+id/topTextInput"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
android:layout_marginTop="15dp"
android:width="300dp"/>
<EditText
android:id="#+id/bottomTextInput"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_below="#+id/topTextInput"
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
android:layout_marginTop="15dp"
android:width="300dp"/>
<Button
android:id="#+id/button"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_below="#+id/bottomTextInput"
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
android:layout_marginTop="15dp"
android:text="#string/button_text"/>
</RelativeLayout>
bottom_picture_fragment.xml
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:background="#drawable/chirag">
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge"
android:text="#string/top_text"
android:id="#+id/topMemeText"
android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
android:textColor="#FFF"
android:gravity="center_horizontal" />
<TextView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge"
android:text="#string/bottom_text"
android:id="#+id/bottomMemeText"
android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
android:textColor="#FFF"
android:gravity="center_horizontal" />
</RelativeLayout>
activity_main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.design.widget.CoordinatorLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:fitsSystemWindows="true"
tools:context="com.example.admin.fragmentsmemecreator23.MainActivity">
<android.support.design.widget.AppBarLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:theme="#style/AppTheme.AppBarOverlay">
<android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar
android:id="#+id/toolbar"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="?attr/actionBarSize"
android:background="?attr/colorPrimary"
app:popupTheme="#style/AppTheme.PopupOverlay" />
</android.support.design.widget.AppBarLayout>
<include layout="#layout/content_main" />
</android.support.design.widget.CoordinatorLayout>

One solution would be , You should replace the activity with the fragment first and then pass arguments of top and bottom value to that fragment.
It would be something like
#Override
public void createMeme(String top, String bottom)
Fragment fragment = new BottomPictureFragment();
Bundle args = new Bundle();
args.putString("Top", top);
args.putString("Bottom",bottom);
fragment .setArguments(args);
FragmentManager frgManager = getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().replace(R.id.activity_main, fragment).commit();
After doing this you can get the arguments in the BottomPictureFragment inside onCreateView() and call the setMeme(top,bottom) function from the onCreateView().