Map string properties to JSONB - java

I've been trying map my string properties to Postgresql's JSONB using JPA. I did read perfect article by Vlad Mihalcea many times and also seen relative questions and problems with similar stuff. BUT I still have this exception org.postgresql.util.PSQLException: ERROR: column "json_property" is of type jsonb but expression is of type character varying every time when I'm trying insert something into my table.
And what even worse is - all these advices in similar questions were useful until I changed my entity class and made him inherits super class. And now situation is like this:
If #TypeDef and #Type on my child class and it works great
But I want use abstraction layer and set annotations, which I noticed above, to my base entity class and after that exception says me 'Hello! It's me again'
My hierarchy is pretty simple and here it is:
Base entity
#TypeDef(name = "jsonb", typeClass = JsonBinaryType.class)
#MappedSuperclass
public abstract class AbstractServiceEntity implements Serializable {
private Integer id;
#Id
#GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
#Column(name = "id")
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
Child entity
#Entity
#Table(schema = "ref", name = "test_json_3")
#NoArgsConstructor
#AllArgsConstructor
#Getter
#Setter
public class TestJson extends AbstractServiceEntity {
#Type(type = "jsonb")
#Column(columnDefinition = "jsonb")
private String jsonProperty;
My table
create table ref.test_json_3
(
id serial primary key,
json_property jsonb
)
UPD
I've succesfully inserted record with JPA native query, but I had to unwrap my query into hibernate query. Not sure that it's the most convinient way to manage inserting data into DB. The my question is actual, I still need your help) Example with native query below.
Code snippent with result
#Repository
public class JpaTestRepository {
#PersistenceContext
private EntityManager entityManager;
#Transactional
public void insert(TestJson testJson) {
entityManager.createNativeQuery("INSERT INTO test_json_3 (json_property) VALUES (?)")
.unwrap(Query.class)
.setParameter(1, testJson.getJsonProperty(), JsonBinaryType.INSTANCE)
.executeUpdate();
}

Finally I found solution for my problem. Answer is - just use your #Column(columnDefinition = "jsonb") and #Type(type = "jsonb" via getters but not class properties.
entity definition
#Entity
#Table(schema = "ref", name = "test_json_3")
#NoArgsConstructor
#AllArgsConstructor
#Setter
public class TestJson extends AbstractServiceEntity {
private String jsonProperty;
#Type(type = "jsonb")
#Column(columnDefinition = "jsonb")
public String getJsonProperty() {
return jsonProperty;
}

You can try to add #TypeDefs under class TestJson:
#TypeDefs({
#TypeDef(name = "jsonb", typeClass = JsonBinaryType.class)
})
public class TestJson extends AbstractServiceEntity {

Alternate solution for mapping String to Jsonb type. Just add the following annotation on your string.
#ColumnTransformer(write = "?::jsonb")
private String jsonProperty;

Related

How is it possible that querying base entity in joined inheritance strategy also fetches sub entities?

I have an abstract base class:
#Inheritance(strategy = InheritanceType.JOINED)
#Getter
#Setter
#Entity
#ToString
public abstract class BillingDetails {
#javax.persistence.Id
#GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.SEQUENCE,
generator = "pk_for_inheritance")
Long Id;
#NotNull
private String owner;
}
and one subclass extending base class
#Entity
#Getter
#Setter
#ToString(callSuper = true)
public class CreditCard extends BillingDetails{
#Basic(optional = false)
private String cardNumber;
#Basic(optional = false)
private LocalDate expDate;
#Basic(optional = false)
private String cardKey;
}
when I query against base Entity BillingDetails and print results like so:
List<BillingDetails> details=billingDetailsRepository.findAll();
details.forEach(System.out::println);
I get the following output:
CreditCard(super=BillingDetails(Id=1, owner=Mehmet Dogan), cardNumber=6145 1233 4577 2360, expDate=2022-05-03, cardKey=673)
My question is:
Although I understand in joined strategy hibernates joins related base and sub tables ,How is it possible that I can print properties of subclass CreditCard when my result list is of type BillingDetails and only Id and Owner properties are declared in my base class ?
What I have missed here was I think polymorphism. When I tried to get Class of results like
List<BillingDetails> details=billingDetailsRepository.findAll();
details.forEach(x-> System.out.println(x.getClass()));
I got the following output :
class com.rumlor.domainmodelmapping.models.inheritancemodels.CreditCard
so somehow I missed somewhere even if results are cast to List Of BillingDetails ,Hibernate polymorphed every sub instance to base entity for me.
additional check :
CreditCard card= (CreditCard) details.get(0);
System.out.println(card);
result :
CreditCard(super=BillingDetails(Id=1, owner=Mehmet Dogan), cardNumber=6145 1233 4577 2360, expDate=2022-05-03, cardKey=673)

About inheritance mapping and best practices in Java

I'm learning about the ways of mapping inheritance from database to java with JPA/Hibernate. I've found several examples of how to do it, but not how to apply it.
Now, I'm trying to apply this knowledge on a small project, but I run into a problem where I can't do it the way I thought it would be ideal.
About the code below, the problem is: I have an "Expense" class that records a new expense (credit card debt, etc.), this debt has a creditor, which can be a person (PF) or institution (PJ). A expense has only one creditor, but I'm forced to model with one of each subclass.
#Data
#Entity
#Table(name = "expense")
public class Expense {
// CODE
#ManyToOne
#JoinColumn(name = "creditorPF")
private CreditorPF creditorPF;
#ManyToOne
#JoinColumn(name = "creditorPJ")
private CreditorPJ creditorPJ;
}
#Data
#Entity
#Table(name = "creditor")
#Inheritance(strategy = InheritanceType.JOINED)
public abstract class Creditor {
#Id
#GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
#Column(name = "idCreditor")
protected Long id;
#NonNull
protected String description;
}
#Getter
#Setter
#Entity
#Table(name = "creditor_pf")
#PrimaryKeyJoinColumn(name = "idCreditor")
public class CreditorPF extends Creditor {
private String cpf;
#Builder
public CreditorPF() {
super("");
}
#Builder
public CreditorPF(String cpf, String nome) {
super(nome);
this.cpf = cpf;
}
}
#Getter
#Setter
#Entity
#Table(name = "creditor_pj")
#PrimaryKeyJoinColumn(name = "idCreditor")
public class CreditorPJ extends Creditor {
private String cnpj;
#Builder
public CreditorPJ(String cnpj, String nome) {
super(nome);
this.cnpj = cnpj;
}
#Builder
public CreditorPJ() {
super("");
}
}
This works fine, but I don't think it's a good design, because the design is allowing one more creditor per subclass, even if I add validations to prevent it, the design would be semantically incorrect.
Is there a way I can get a design like this code below, but that I can get the subclass information when I retrieve the object through hibernate?
#Data
#Entity
#Table(name = "expense")
public class Expense {
// CODE
#ManyToOne
#JoinColumn(name = "creditor")
private Creditor creditor;
}
In case of getting the Credit type from THROUGH the Expense Object ,there's no way besides using instanceof or getClass() as #Chris said ,btw it's preferable to use composition over inheritence,since it doesn't introduce this problem and preserves database consistency since you can"t be FORCED to have nullable fields, and in your case you can implement it using a class Creditor containing an enum which holds the creditor type since it's know to you ,hope this helps !

Record projection with another record projection

I get problem with nessted projection. (inside projection)
Root entity:
#Entity(name = "AAA")
#NoArgsConstructor
#AllArgsConstructor
#Data
public class AAA{
#Id
private Long id;
#OneToOne
private BBB bbb;
}
where BBB looks like this:
#Entity(name = "BBB")
#NoArgsConstructor
#AllArgsConstructor
#Data
public class BBB{
#Id
private Long id;
#Column(name = "name")
private String name;
Projections
public record AAAProjection(
Long id,
BBBProjection bbb
) {
}
public record BBBProjection(
Long id,
String name
) {
}
When I try to query with these projections, an exception is thrown:
org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.QuerySyntaxException: Unable to locate appropriate constructor on class AAAProjection
Is there any way to use nested projection in projection in Spring Boot Data JPA?
I solved this using traversing in projection, like this:
public record AAAProjection(
Long id,
Long bbbId,
String bbbName
) {
}
To get a field from a nested entity just use its name in the projection, here is BBBProjection bbb so there is the pattern like:
bbb<FieldName>

Spring Data/Hibernate Generates two queries instead of a JOIN

Context: I have two tables: Questionnaire and Question Section. A Questionnaire can have many Question Sections. Questionnaires and Question Sections both have Start and End Dates to determine if they are active records.
Here are my entities as written:
#Entity
#Data
public class Questionnaire {
#Id
#GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
private UUID id;
private String name;
private Date startDate;
private Date endDate;
private String description;
#OneToMany(cascade = CascadeType.All,
fetch = FetchType.LAZY,
mappedBy = "questionnaire")
#JsonManagedReference
private List<QuestionSection> questionSections = new ArrayList<QuestionSection>();
}
#Entity
#Data
public class QuestionSection {
#Id
#GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
private UUID id;
private String name;
private String description;
private int sectionLevel;
private Date startDate;
private Date endDate;
#ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY, optional = false)
#JoinColumn(name = "QUESTIONNAIRE_ID", nullable = false)
#JsonBackReference
private Questionnaire questionnaire;
}
Here is my Spring Data Repository with a single declared method:
public interface QuestionnaireRepository extends JpaRepository<Questionnaire, UUID> {
Questionnaire findByNameAndEndDateIsNull(String name);
// Previous goal query, but worked all the way back to the above simple query
// Questionnaire findByIdAndQuestionSectionsEndDateIsNull(UUID id);
}
The above derived query generates two queries shown below:
-- For brevity
select questionnaire.id as id
questionnaire.description as description
questionnaire.end_date as end_date
questionnaire.start_date as start_date
from questionnaire
where questionnaire.name='Foo' and (questionnaire.end_date is null)
select questionsection.questionnaire_id as questionnaire id
...rest of fields here...
from question_section
where questionsection.questionnaire_id = id from above query
Then Spring Data or Hibernate is combining those two above queries into one data object representative of the questionnaire object and returning that.
My problem with this is that I would have expected One query to run with a Join between the two tables, not two and then combine the results in memory. I'm pretty experienced with Spring Data and ORMs in general and have not been able to find any documentation as to why this is happening. Honestly I wouldn't care except that my original intention was to query at the parent entity and 'filter' out children that have end dates (not active). This derived query (commented out above) exhibited the same behavior which ultimately resulted in the data set that was returned containing the end dated question sections.
I know there's 100 other ways I could solve this problem (which is fine) so this is more of an educational interest for me at this point if anyone has any insight into this behavior. I could be missing something really simple.
You should be able to do this using the Entity Graph feature introduced in JPA 2.1.
https://www.baeldung.com/jpa-entity-graph
Spring Data offers support for Entity Graphs via the #NamedEntityGraph and #EntityGraph annotations:
https://www.baeldung.com/spring-data-jpa-named-entity-graphs
So in your code:
Entity:
#Entity
#NamedEntityGraph(name = "Questionnaire.questionSections",
attributeNodes = #NamedAttributeNode("questionSections ")
)
public class Questionnaire{
//...
}
Repository:
public interface QuestionnaireRepository extends JpaRepository<Questionnaire, UUID> {
#NamedEntityGraph("Questionnaire.questionSections")
Questionnaire findByNameAndEndDateIsNull(String name);
}
public interface QuestionnaireRepository extends JpaRepository<Questionnaire, UUID> {
#EntityGraph(attributePaths = { "questionSections" })
Questionnaire findByNameAndEndDateIsNull(String name);
}

How do I avoid NullPointerException with OneToOne mapping against a parent entity class?

I have searched and found similar issues, but they don't quite seem to be the same problem as
Why am I getting this NullPointer exception?
OneToOne Mapping with hibernate/JBoss/Seam
ANN-613 - NPE when mappedBy property is wrong on a #OneToOne
ANN-558 - #OneToMany(mappedBy="") can not recognize properties in parent classes
Hibernate Users - NPE with #Id on #OneToOne
I have a few entities mapped like this:
Person
|
+--User
I want to add a new entity PersonPartDeux with a OneToOne mapping to Person. The resulting mapping should look something like this:
Person + PersonPartDeux
|
+--User
When I do so, a NullPointerException is thrown while trying to load the mapping:
java.lang.NullPointerException
at org.hibernate.cfg.OneToOneSecondPass.doSecondPass(OneToOneSecondPass.java:135)
How do I specify the mapping so I can avoid this exception?
Here's my code:
#Entity
#Inheritance(strategy = InheritanceType.JOINED)
public abstract class Person implements Serializable
{
#Id
#GeneratedValue
public Long id;
#Version
public int version = 0;
public String name;
#OneToOne(cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
#PrimaryKeyJoinColumn
public PersonPartDeux personPartDeux;
}
#Entity
public class PersonPartDeux implements Serializable
{
#Id
#GeneratedValue(generator = "person-primarykey")
#GenericGenerator(
name = "person-primarykey",
strategy = "foreign",
parameters = #Parameter(name = "property", value = "person")
)
public Long id = null;
#Version
public int version = 0;
#OneToOne(optional=false, mappedBy="person")
public Person person;
public String someText;
}
#Entity
#PrimaryKeyJoinColumn(name = "person_Id")
public class User extends Person
{
public String username;
public String password;
}
As for why I'm bothering, I need both the inheritance and the OneToOne mapping to solve different known issues in my application.
Attach the Hibernate source to your project, so you can click thru or 'Open Type' (Ctrl-Shift-T in Eclipse) to view the OneToOneSecondPass source.
Seeing the source, will give you a clear indication as to what needs to be specified.
In my source (Hibernate 4.1.7), line 135 is
propertyHolder.addProperty( prop, inferredData.getDeclaringClass() );
However you're probably using an earlier version.
Looking at the mappings, I'm suspicious of the #OneToOne definition -- mappedBy="person".
#OneToOne(optional=false, mappedBy="person")
public Person person;
What does it usefully mean, to map an association property by itself? Hibernate already knows the property is a OneToOne -- you just told it that.
Pointing the underpinning mapping/ FK of the property, at itself.. probably isn't actually telling Hibernate any correct or useful information.
Here's an example from the HB dosc, perhaps showing better how to do what you want:
#Entity
class MedicalHistory implements Serializable {
#Id Integer id;
#MapsId #OneToOne
#JoinColumn(name = "patient_id")
Person patient;
}
#Entity
class Person {
#Id #GeneratedValue Integer id;
}
Source: http://docs.jboss.org/hibernate/annotations/3.5/reference/en/html_single/
(3.5 docs off JBoss site.)
Cheers, hope this helps.

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