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How to prevent self-closing <tags/> in XML?

I modify XML file using the Transformer class and transform method. It correctly modify my parameters but changed XML style (write XML attributes in different way):
Original:
<a struct="b"></a>
<c></c>
After edit:
<a struct="b"/>
<c/>
I know that I can set properties: transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.KEY,value), but I did not find proper settings.
Can anyone help the transformer not change the write format?
XMLReader xr = new XMLFilterImpl(XMLReaderFactory.createXMLReader()
Source src = new SAXSource(xr, new InputSource(new
StringReader(xmlArray[i])));
<<modify xml>>
TransformerFactory transFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
Transformer transformer = transFactory.newTransformer();
transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.OMIT_XML_DECLARATION,"yes");
StringWriter buffer = new StringWriter();
transformer.transform(src, new StreamResult(buffer));
xmlArray[i] = buffer.toString();

Those forms are semantically equivalent. No conforming XML parser will care, and neither should you.

Disable caching in Javax xml transformer

In this article (https://www.ahoi-it.de/ahoi/news/java-xslt-memory-leak/4830) it is explained that Javax xml transformer caches XML contents to its internal HashMap for later use.
This is my issue: I am reading XML messages from activemq and if something fails, I retry to convert them again using Javax XML transformer and send them to certain endpoint. The problem is that eventually my Docker container restarts because it runs out of memory.
What I would like to do is disable caching, unfortunately, after 3 hours of research I still have no idea how to do so.
I have a utils class with static methods and this is how my Javax XML Transformer looks like:
public static String getTransformedXml(Object input, String transformerFileName)
throws IOException, TransformerException {
ClassPathResource classPathResource = new ClassPathResource(transformerFileName);
InputStream xsltStream = classPathResource.getInputStream();
TransformerFactory factory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
Source xslt = new StreamSource(xsltStream);
Transformer transformer = factory.newTransformer(xslt);
transformer.setErrorListener(new XsltTransformerErrorListener(transformerFileName));
Source text = new StreamSource(new StringReader(XmlUtils.encode(input, input.getClass())));
StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
StreamResult result = new StreamResult(writer);
transformer.transform(text, result);
return result.getWriter().toString();
}

Try to change the TransformerFactoryImpl :
TransformerFactory tFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance("org.apache.xalan.processor.TransformerFactoryImpl",null);

DOM XML Public Doctype not appearing in result xml file

I have written a code to generate XML files. I am stuck at defining doctype for the XML as it should be public. I am able to get SYSTEM doctype successfully but somehow not able to get public doctype written in XML. Below code for SYSTEM doctype is working but same snippet for PUBLIC doctype is not working :
String xmldestpath = "C:/failed/tester.xml";
doctype2 = CreateDoctypeString();
StreamResult result = new StreamResult(new File(xmldestpath ));
try {
transformer = transformerFactory.newTransformer();
transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.DOCTYPE_SYSTEM,"TEST");
transformer.transform(source, result);
// logger.debug("COMPLETED Copying xml files /....!!");
System.out.println("COMPLETED Copying xml files to bulk import....!!");
Not working snippet. Its not giving error but no doctype is appearing in resultant xml:
String xmldestpath = "C:/failed/tester.xml";
doctype2 = CreateDoctypeString();
StreamResult result = new StreamResult(new File(xmldestpath ));
try {
transformer = transformerFactory.newTransformer();
transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.DOCTYPE_PUBLIC,"TEST");
transformer.transform(source, result);
// //logger.debug("COMPLETED Copying xml files /....!!");
System.out.println("COMPLETED Copying xml files to bulk import....!!");

If you know you need/want PUBLIC, perhaps you should know that a public literal cannot exist without a system literal.
The XML specification shows:
ExternalID ::= 'SYSTEM' S SystemLiteral
| 'PUBLIC' S PubidLiteral S SystemLiteral
So it should be easy to conclude that you need to specify both in order to get it to work, as demonstrated by this MCVE:
TransformerFactory transformerFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
Transformer transformer = transformerFactory.newTransformer();
transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.DOCTYPE_PUBLIC, "TEST1");
transformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.DOCTYPE_SYSTEM, "TEST2");
transformer.transform(new StreamSource(new StringReader("<Root></Root>")),
new StreamResult(System.out));
Output
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE Root PUBLIC "TEST1" "TEST2">
<Root/>

Java: convert StreamResult to DOM

I am performing a xslt transformation from one xml format to another with saxon and xslt, after what transforming the result xml into Java DOM to work with it further:
System.setProperty("javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory", "net.sf.saxon.TransformerFactoryImpl");
TransformerFactory tFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
Transformer transformer = tFactory.newTransformer(new StreamSource(new File("xslt.xsl")));
transformer.transform(new StreamSource(new File(inputXML)),
new StreamResult(new File (outputXML)));
DocumentBuilder documentBuilder = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder();
Document document = documentBuilder.parse(outputXML);
What I don't like in this situation, is creating intermediate outputXML file. Is it possible to avoid its creating?

The answer was provided by #Andreas. If someone is interested, the result code snippet in my case looked like this:
System.setProperty("javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory", "net.sf.saxon.TransformerFactoryImpl");
TransformerFactory tFactory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
DOMResult xmlResult = new DOMResult();
Transformer transformer = tFactory.newTransformer(new StreamSource(new File("xslt.xsl")));
transformer.transform(new StreamSource(new File(outputXML)),
xmlResult);
Document document = (Document) xmlResult.getNode();

DocumentResult result = new DocumentResult();
transformer.transform( new StreamSource(new File(inputXML)), result );
Document transformedDoc = result.getDocument();

Can JAXP be used to create HTML5 documents?

Are there elements in the HTML5 specification which can not be created with a XML library such as JAXP? One example are named HTML entities which are not defined in XML. Are there other areas which are incompatible?

JAXP apparently only works on well formed XML. You'd need to convert the HTML to XHTML before subjecting it to the JAXP's standard parser.
// Create Transformer
TransformerFactory tf = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
StreamSource xslt = new StreamSource(
"src/blog/jaxbsource/xslt/stylesheet.xsl");
Transformer transformer = tf.newTransformer(xslt);
// Source
JAXBContext jc = JAXBContext.newInstance(Library.class);
JAXBSource source = new JAXBSource(jc, catalog);
// Result
StreamResult result = new StreamResult(System.out);
// Transform
transformer.transform(source, result);
Url:[https://dzone.com/articles/using-jaxb-xslt-produce-html][1]