How to retrieve all the tables from database using Java - java

I am using JDBC and PostgreSQL as database, I was trying to create a logic in such a way that we can fetch all the data from a table, whatever table name user gives in the input it should get fetched, but the issue here is, I don't know how to do that.
Whenever we used to fetch table data from the database we are required to specify the the type of data we are getting on every index while we use ResultSet.
How to overcome from this hardcoded need of providing this metadata and make our code more general for any table with any number of columns and with any type
My code:
Statement sttm = con1.createStatement();
System.out.println("Enter table name (usertable)");
String name = sc.next();
String tableData="";
String qu = "select * from "+name;
ResultSet rs =sttm.executeQuery(qu);
while(rs.next()) {
// here we need to define the type by writing .getInt or getString
tableData = rs.getInt(1)+":"+rs.getString(2)+":"+rs.getInt(3);
System.out.println(tableData);
}
System.out.println("*********---------***********-----------**********");
sttm.close();
Anyone please suggest me some way to do it.

You can use ResultSet.getObject(int). getObject will automatically retrieve the data in the most appropriate Java type for the SQL datatype of the column.
To retrieve the number of columns, you can use ResultSet.getMetaData(), and then use ResultSetMetaData.getColumnCount() to retrieve the number of columns.
In short, to print all columns of all rows, you can do something like:
try (ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(qu)) {
ResultSetMetaData rsmd = rs.getMetaData();
int columnCount = rsmd.getColumnCount();
while (rs.next()) {
StringBuilder tableData = new StringBuilder();
for (int colIdx = 1; colIdx <= columnCount; colIdx++) {
tableData.append(rs.getObject(colIdx));
if (colIdx != columnCount) {
tableData.append(':');
}
}
System.out.println(TableData);
}
}
You can also use ResultSetMetaData to get more information on the columns of the result set, for example if you need specific handling for certain types of columns. You can use getColumnType to get the java.sql.Types value of the column, or getColumnTypeName to get the type name in the database, or getColumnClassName to get the name of the class returned by ResultSet.getObject(int/String), etc.
However, as Sorin pointed out in the comments, accepting user input and concatenating it into a query string like you're currently doing, makes you vulnerable to SQL injection. Unfortunately, it is not possible to parameterize object names, but you can mitigate this risk somewhat by 1) checking the table against the database metadata (e.g. DatabaseMetaData.getTables), and 2) using Statement.enquoteIdentifier (though this won't necessarily protect you against all forms of injection).

If you want to print data of any table from a database then check my github project over CRUD java MySQL
https://github.com/gptshubham595/jdbc_mysql_CRUD-JAVA-
These are implemented

Related

How to pass query param to REST API to do a IN query in DB [duplicate]

This question already has answers here:
PreparedStatement IN clause alternatives?
(33 answers)
Closed 5 years ago.
Say that I have a query of the form
SELECT * FROM MYTABLE WHERE MYCOL in (?)
And I want to parameterize the arguments to in.
Is there a straightforward way to do this in Java with JDBC, in a way that could work on multiple databases without modifying the SQL itself?
The closest question I've found had to do with C#, I'm wondering if there is something different for Java/JDBC.
There's indeed no straightforward way to do this in JDBC. Some JDBC drivers seem to support PreparedStatement#setArray() on the IN clause. I am only not sure which ones that are.
You could just use a helper method with String#join() and Collections#nCopies() to generate the placeholders for IN clause and another helper method to set all the values in a loop with PreparedStatement#setObject().
public static String preparePlaceHolders(int length) {
return String.join(",", Collections.nCopies(length, "?"));
}
public static void setValues(PreparedStatement preparedStatement, Object... values) throws SQLException {
for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {
preparedStatement.setObject(i + 1, values[i]);
}
}
Here's how you could use it:
private static final String SQL_FIND = "SELECT id, name, value FROM entity WHERE id IN (%s)";
public List<Entity> find(Set<Long> ids) throws SQLException {
List<Entity> entities = new ArrayList<Entity>();
String sql = String.format(SQL_FIND, preparePlaceHolders(ids.size()));
try (
Connection connection = dataSource.getConnection();
PreparedStatement statement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
) {
setValues(statement, ids.toArray());
try (ResultSet resultSet = statement.executeQuery()) {
while (resultSet.next()) {
entities.add(map(resultSet));
}
}
}
return entities;
}
private static Entity map(ResultSet resultSet) throws SQLException {
Enitity entity = new Entity();
entity.setId(resultSet.getLong("id"));
entity.setName(resultSet.getString("name"));
entity.setValue(resultSet.getInt("value"));
return entity;
}
Note that some databases have a limit of allowable amount of values in the IN clause. Oracle for example has this limit on 1000 items.
Since nobody answer the case for a large IN clause (more than 100) I'll throw my solution to this problem which works nicely for JDBC. In short I replace the IN with a INNER JOIN on a tmp table.
What I do is make what I call a batch ids table and depending on the RDBMS I may make that a tmp table or in memory table.
The table has two columns. One column with the id from the IN Clause and another column with a batch id that I generate on the fly.
SELECT * FROM MYTABLE M INNER JOIN IDTABLE T ON T.MYCOL = M.MYCOL WHERE T.BATCH = ?
Before you select you shove your ids into the table with a given batch id.
Then you just replace your original queries IN clause with a INNER JOIN matching on your ids table WHERE batch_id equals your current batch. After your done your delete the entries for you batch.
The standard way to do this is (if you are using Spring JDBC) is to use the org.springframework.jdbc.core.namedparam.NamedParameterJdbcTemplate class.
Using this class, it is possible to define a List as your SQL parameter and use the NamedParameterJdbcTemplate to replace a named parameter. For example:
public List<MyObject> getDatabaseObjects(List<String> params) {
NamedParameterJdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = new NamedParameterJdbcTemplate(dataSource);
String sql = "select * from my_table where my_col in (:params)";
List<MyObject> result = jdbcTemplate.query(sql, Collections.singletonMap("params", params), myRowMapper);
return result;
}
I solved this by constructing the SQL string with as many ? as I have values to look for.
SELECT * FROM MYTABLE WHERE MYCOL in (?,?,?,?)
First I searched for an array type I can pass into the statement, but all JDBC array types are vendor specific. So I stayed with the multiple ?.
I got the answer from docs.spring(19.7.3)
The SQL standard allows for selecting rows based on an expression that includes a variable list of values. A typical example would be select * from T_ACTOR where id in (1, 2, 3). This variable list is not directly supported for prepared statements by the JDBC standard; you cannot declare a variable number of placeholders. You need a number of variations with the desired number of placeholders prepared, or you need to generate the SQL string dynamically once you know how many placeholders are required. The named parameter support provided in the NamedParameterJdbcTemplate and JdbcTemplate takes the latter approach. Pass in the values as a java.util.List of primitive objects. This list will be used to insert the required placeholders and pass in the values during the statement execution.
Hope this can help you.
AFAIK, there is no standard support in JDBC for handling Collections as parameters. It would be great if you could just pass in a List and that would be expanded.
Spring's JDBC access supports passing collections as parameters. You could look at how this is done for inspiration on coding this securely.
See Auto-expanding collections as JDBC parameters
(The article first discusses Hibernate, then goes on to discuss JDBC.)
See my trial and It success,It is said that the list size has potential limitation.
List l = Arrays.asList(new Integer[]{12496,12497,12498,12499});
Map param = Collections.singletonMap("goodsid",l);
NamedParameterJdbcTemplate namedParameterJdbcTemplate = new NamedParameterJdbcTemplate(getJdbcTemplate().getDataSource());
String sql = "SELECT bg.goodsid FROM beiker_goods bg WHERE bg.goodsid in(:goodsid)";
List<Long> list = namedParameterJdbcTemplate.queryForList(sql, param2, Long.class);
There are different alternative approaches that we can use.
Execute Single Queries - slow and not recommended
Using Stored Procedure - database specific
Creating PreparedStatement Query dynamically - good performance but loose benefits of caching and needs recompilation
Using NULL in PreparedStatement Query - I think this is a good approach with optimal performance.
Check more details about these here.
sormula makes this simple (see Example 4):
ArrayList<Integer> partNumbers = new ArrayList<Integer>();
partNumbers.add(999);
partNumbers.add(777);
partNumbers.add(1234);
// set up
Database database = new Database(getConnection());
Table<Inventory> inventoryTable = database.getTable(Inventory.class);
// select operation for list "...WHERE PARTNUMBER IN (?, ?, ?)..."
for (Inventory inventory: inventoryTable.
selectAllWhere("partNumberIn", partNumbers))
{
System.out.println(inventory.getPartNumber());
}
One way i can think of is to use the java.sql.PreparedStatement and a bit of jury rigging
PreparedStatement preparedStmt = conn.prepareStatement("SELECT * FROM MYTABLE WHERE MYCOL in (?)");
... and then ...
preparedStmt.setString(1, [your stringged params]);
http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/jdbc/basics/prepared.html

Comparing Metadata in two resultset

I have two result sets
source rs;
target rs1;
I am storing metadata of a table in both the result set using below
DatabaseMetaData dbmd=con.getMetaData();
ResultSet rs=dbmd.getColumns(null, null, tableName, null);
table is having meta data as below.
name varchar 10;
age int 2;
salary double;
Please can anyone help me in this. I need to compare if both tables are having same column name and data type along with column length.
please also suggest if there is any better method.

How to view what is inside database JDBC ResultSet in java

I am getting an error saying that some string is missing inside the ResultSet returned from the database. Now I have a problem: how can I see what is inside the ResultSet?
Examples available on google are with explicit methods like getString() or getInt() but thse methods suppose you know what you are looking for. What I actually need - to look what elements are available inside my ResultSet.
Something like when I issue the resultSet.toString() command, and it would show me some kind of map with variable names - is it possible?
EDIT:
If it is useful - below is a piece of code:
public Project mapRow(ResultSet resultSet, int i) throws SQLException {
System.out.println(resultSet.toString());
return new Project(resultSet.getInt("project_id"), resultSet.getString("project_name"),
resultSet.getString("project_description"), new Category(resultSet.getInt("category_id"),
resultSet.getString("category_name")),
resultSet.getString("project_link"), resultSet.getString("project_qa"));
}
Error:
Caused by: org.postgresql.util.PSQLException: The column name category_id was not found in this ResultSet.
The ResultSet contains no element after you execute a statement. To get the first row of information, you need to do rs.next().
Here is a simple iteration through the ResultSet values.
boolean hasValue = false;
while(resultSet.next())
{
hasValue = true;
out.println(resultSet.getString("column_name");
out.println(resultSet.getInt("column_name");
}
if(hasValue)
out.println("Result set has values inside of it");
else out.println("Result set has no values inside of it");
As long as you have some values inside your resultSet variable, you need to iterate it to get the next value. By default, after the query is executed, you have no value inside of it because it might have no value.
Edit:
ResultSetMetaData metaData = resultSet.getMetaData();
int count = metaData.getColumnCount(); //number of column
String columnName[] = new String[count];
for (int i = 1; i <= count; i++)
{
columnName[i-1] = metaData.getColumnLabel(i));
}
This gives you the column names, if this is what you want.
Obtain a ResultSetMetaData from the result set via ResultSet.getMetaData().
The ResultSetMetaData has methods getColumnCount and getColumnName to enumerate the column names.

Java code for getting data from SQL server to MongoDB

I have been struggling with my Mongo-SQL code for a while and still need your help :)
I have a problem while transferring data from an SQL server database to MongoDB. My problem is that I can't do calculations like AVERAGE() or SUM() on my data since I saved them as string in MongoDB. I thought that the numbers would be integers since I got them from my SQL server database where they are stored as integers using the code below. I see now that I use getString() when getting the values. Is that why the numbers are strings in MongoDB? How can I get them as integers? I really want to be able to manipulate them as numbers! Also, some values in SQL server are datetime, so I will need a lot of 'if' statements and different 'get' methods to get all the types right in MongoDB. Does anyone have a good solution to this problem?
StringBuilder orderstatus = new StringBuilder();
orderstatus.append("SELECT * FROM dbo.fact_orderstatus");
PreparedStatement t = connect.prepareStatement(orderstatus.toString());
DBCollection orderstat = db.getCollection("Orderstatus");
ResultSet v = t.executeQuery();
ResultSetMetaData rsm = t.getMetaData();
int column = rsm.getColumnCount();
while (v.next()) {
BasicDBObject orderObj = new BasicDBObject();
for(int x=1; x<column +1; x++){
String namn= rsm.getColumnName(x);
String custNum = (v.getString(x));
if (custNum != null && !custNum.trim().isEmpty()
&& custNum.length() != 0)
orderObj.append(namn, custNum);
}
orderstat.insert(orderObj)
You can utilize the getColumnType() method on your result set.
Since you're using SQL-server I would suggest reading this first:
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms378668.aspx
This SO question/answer is likely to be helpful too:
Most efficient conversion of ResultSet to JSON?

Use of getters in ResultSets

I am trying to write java code to access a table 'customer' with columns 'customer_id', 'email', 'deliverable', and 'create_date'
I have
Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(connectionUrl, connectionUser, connectionPassword);
Statement constat = conn.createStatement();
String query = "SELECT * FROM customer WHERE customer_id LIKE " + customerId;
ResultSet rtn = constat.executeQuery(query);
Customer cust = new Customer(rtn.getInt("customer_id"), rtn.getString("email"), rtn.getInt("deliverable"), rtn.getString("create_date"));
conn.close();
return cust;
I am receiving the error:
java.sql.SQLException: Before start of result set
As far as I can tell, my error is in the line where I am creating a new Customer object, but I cannot figure out what I am doing wrong. Can anyone offer me some help? Thanks!
You must always go to the next row by calling resultSet.next() (and checking it returns true), before accessing the data of the row:
Customer cust = null;
if (rtn.next()) {
cust = new Customer(rtn.getInt("customer_id"),
rtn.getString("email"),
rtn.getInt("deliverable"),
rtn.getString("create_date"));
}
Note that you should also
use prepared statements instead of String concatenation to avoid SQL injection attacks, and have more robust code
close the connections, statements and resultsets in a finally block, or use the try-with-resources construct if using Java 7
Read the JDBC tutorial
You should call ResultSet.first() to move the result to the first position. The result set is a programming convention not to retrieve the whole result of the query and keep in memory. As such, its interface is quite low level and you must explicit select the row via methods like first(), last() or next() (each returns true to check if the requested row index is in the set)
You need to add
rtn.next();
before you use the result set.
Usually this is done as
while (rtn.next()) {
<do something with the row>
}

Categories