How to change a HttpsURLConnection GET to be a POST request? - java

I'm really new to android (programming in general), but I'm inherit a project that was created by another person, I know this may be simple for a lot of you guys but Im lost with trying to change the below piece of code.
What I need to do is to change the type of request from a GET to a POST, and send some values with the request.
The request needs to have the following syntax.
type=active
data={"json here with all info"} ------> mRequestStringEncoded
String RequestString = ((myrequest) request).getJson();
String mRequestStringEncoded = URLEncoder.encode( RequestString, "utf-8" );
mURL = defautlUrl+ mRequestStringEncoded;
Log.e( TAG, "Request URL: " + mURL );
try
{
HttpsURLConnection mUrlConnection = (HttpsURLConnection) new URL( mURL ).openConnection();
mUrlConnection.setRequestProperty( "charset", "utf-8" );
mUrlConnection.setRequestMethod( "GET" );
mUrlConnection.setConnectTimeout( 12000 );
mUrlConnection.setReadTimeout( 30000 );
mUrlConnection.connect();
I know that I need to change:
mUrlConnection.setRequestProperty( "charset", "utf-8" );
mUrlConnection.setRequestMethod( "GET" );
To:
mUrlConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json; utf-8");
mUrlConnection.setRequestMethod( "POST" );
But how can I pass the paramenter?

Try something like this:
String post_data="type=active&data=" + data;
HttpsURLConnection mUrlConnection = (HttpsURLConnection) new URL( tURL ).openConnection();
mUrlConnection.setRequestMethod( "POST" );
mUrlConnection.setRequestProperty("type", "active");
mUrlConnection.setRequestProperty("data", "data");
mUrlConnection.setDoOutput(true);
//Adding Post Data
OutputStream outputStream = mUrlConnection.getOutputStream();
outputStream.write(post_data.getBytes());
outputStream.flush();
outputStream.close();
mUrlConnection.setConnectTimeout( 22000 );
mUrlConnection.setReadTimeout( 30000 );
mUrlConnection.connect();

You almost got it. Try this, it should work. I used Jackson for getting json format from a Map:
package com.http;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.Map;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
public class FormSubmitService {
public void doSubmit(String url, Map<String, String> data) throws IOException {
URL siteUrl = new URL(url);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) siteUrl.openConnection();
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json; utf-8");
conn.setUseCaches (true);
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setDoInput(true);
DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(conn.getOutputStream());
String content = getJsonFromMap(data);
System.out.println(content);
out.writeBytes(content);
out.flush();
out.close();
BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));
String line = "";
while ((line=in.readLine())!=null) {
System.out.println(line);
}
in.close();
}
private String getJsonFromMap(Map<String, String> map) {
ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
String json = null;
try {
json = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(map);
} catch (JsonProcessingException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return json;
}
}

Well, in the POST method you can pass the parameters by converting them into JSON using Gson.
Step 1: Add gson dependency in the Gradle file.
dependencies {
implementation 'com.google.code.gson:gson:2.8.8'
}
Step 2: Create a model class of your parameter/key.
public class ApiModel {
public String type,data;
public ApiModel(String type, String data) {
this.type = type;
this.data = data;
}
public String getType() {
return type;
}
public String getData() {
return data;
}
}
Step 3: Create Object of Model class and add the values.
//add data into model to create json
ApiModel ObjApi = new ApiModel(type_value, data_value);
Step 4: Now, convert the ObjApi into JSON using Gson.
Gson gson = new Gson();
String json = gson.toJson(ObjApi);
Step 5: Add json string into BufferedWriter.
OutputStream stream = httpURLConnection.getOutputStream();
BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(stream, "UTF-8"));
bufferedWriter.write(json);
bufferedWriter.flush();
bufferedWriter.close();
stream.close();
Example: sample with httpurlConnection.
HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod(REQUEST_METHOD);
httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json");
httpURLConnection.setDoOutput(true);
httpURLConnection.setDoInput(true);
httpURLConnection.setConnectTimeout(TimeOut);
httpURLConnection.setReadTimeout(TimeOut);
OutputStream stream = httpURLConnection.getOutputStream();
BufferedWriter bufferedWriter = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(stream, "UTF-8"));
bufferedWriter.write(json);
bufferedWriter.flush();
bufferedWriter.close();
stream.close();
httpURLConnection.disconnect();

Related

Invoking Rest API using java client passing json object

I am new to JSON. I am invoking a public rest API
https://api.gdc.cancer.gov/cases
I want to query all the cases for a particular disease type( for example TCGA-LAML mentioned below).
in SOAP Ui when I POST below request in JSON format .It gives me perfect answer
{
"filters":
{"op":"in",
"content":{
"field":"cases.project.project_id",
"value":["TCGA-LAML"]
}
}
}
But I have to call POST through a java client. Even after Trying hard I am not able to set the input parameters correctly.
I am posting my code here. Can you please help me correcting the code.
package downloadtoolproject;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
public class Newtest {
public static String sendPostRequest(String requestUrl, String payload) {
StringBuffer jsonString = new StringBuffer();
try {
URL url = new URL(requestUrl);
HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
connection.setDoInput(true);
connection.setDoOutput(true);
connection.setRequestMethod("POST");
connection.setRequestProperty("Accept", "application/json");
connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json");
OutputStreamWriter writer = new OutputStreamWriter(connection.getOutputStream());
writer.write(payload);
writer.close();
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream()));
String line;
while ((line = br.readLine()) != null)
{
jsonString.append(line);
System.out.println(line);
}
br.close();
connection.disconnect();
}
catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());
}
return jsonString.toString() ;
}
public static void main(String [] args)
{
String payload = "{\"field\":\"project_id\",\"value\":[\"TCGA-LAML\"]}";
String requestUrl="https://api.gdc.cancer.gov/cases";
sendPostRequest(requestUrl, payload);
}
}
I think the following solution should work for you
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class Newtest {
public static String sendPostRequest(String requestUrl, String payload) {
StringBuffer jsonString = new StringBuffer();
try {
URL url = new URL(requestUrl);
HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
connection.setDoInput(true);
connection.setDoOutput(true);
connection.setRequestMethod("POST");
connection.setRequestProperty("Accept", "application/json");
connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json");
OutputStreamWriter writer = new OutputStreamWriter(connection.getOutputStream());
writer.write(payload);
writer.close();
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream()));
String line;
while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
jsonString.append(line);
System.out.println(line);
}
br.close();
connection.disconnect();
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());
}
return jsonString.toString();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<String> values = new ArrayList<>();
values.add("TCGA-LAML");
String requestUrl = "https://api.gdc.cancer.gov/cases";
sendPostRequest(requestUrl, preparePayload(values));
}
private static String preparePayload(List<String> values) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (String value : values) {
sb.append("\"" + value + "\",");
}
String desiredValue = sb.toString().substring(0, sb.toString().length() - 1);
return "{ \"filters\": {\"op\":\"in\", \"content\":{ \"field\":\"cases.project.project_id\", \"value\":[" + desiredValue + "] } } }";
}
}
You just need to add all the input values in the values List and pass it to the preparePayload method ,it will convert it into a valid payload.

Download file using REST API

I am trying to call a REST API using Java client.
The Rest API https://api.gdc.cancer.gov/data has files data.
When I append file name to the URL (https://api.gdc.cancer.gov/data/556e5e3f-0ab9-4b6c-aa62-c42f6a6cf20c) I can download the given file from using browser.
here filename is 556e5e3f-0ab9-4b6c-aa62-c42f6a6cf20c.
can you please let me know,How can i achieve in this JAVA. The code I am using.
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class DownloadFilesAPI {
public DownloadFilesAPI() {
super();
}
public static String sendPostRequest(String requestUrl) {
StringBuffer jsonString = new StringBuffer();
try {
URL url = new URL(requestUrl);
HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
// connection.setRequestMethod("POST");
// connection.connect();
//Get the response status of the Rest API
// int responsecode = connection.getResponseCode();
//System.out.println("Response code is: " +responsecode);
//connection.getResponseMessage();
// System.out.println(connection.getResponseMessage());
connection.setDoInput(true);
connection.setDoOutput(true);
connection.setRequestMethod("POST");
connection.setRequestProperty("Accept", "application/json");
connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json");
// System.out.println(connection.getResponseMessage());
// System.out.println( JsonPath.from(requestUrl));
OutputStreamWriter writer = new
OutputStreamWriter(connection.getOutputStream());
writer.write(requestUrl);
writer.close();
/* BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new
InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream()));
String line;
while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
jsonString.append(line);
}
br.close(); */
connection.disconnect();
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage());
}
return jsonString.toString();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<String> values = new ArrayList<>();
// values.add("556e5e3f-0ab9-4b6c-aa62-c42f6a6cf20c");
String requestUrl = "https://api.gdc.cancer.gov/data/556e5e3f-0ab9-4b6c-aa62-c42f6a6cf20c";
sendPostRequest(requestUrl);
}
private static String preparePayload(List<String> values) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (String value : values) {
sb.append("\"" + value + "\",");
}
String Requiredvalue = sb.toString().substring(0, sb.toString().length() - 1);
return "{ \"ids\":[" + Requiredvalue + "] } } }";
}
}
You can't just output a String since you are trying to download a pdf. If you simply want to download the File there is an easier method adapted from this answer:
String requestUrl = "https://api.gdc.cancer.gov/data/556e5e3f-0ab9-4b6c-aa62-c42f6a6cf20c";
URL url = new URL(requestUrl);
InputStream in = url.openStream();
Files.copy(in, Paths.get("your_filename.pdf"), StandardCopyOption.REPLACE_EXISTING);
in.close();
System.out.println("finished!");
I have tested it for the URL you provided and got the pdf File without problems.

java rest web service using post

I am trying to do a java rest web service using "POST" method.My client part to invoke the web service is working proper.But i am facing difficulty in accessing the passed parameters by "POST" method.Any help would be appreciable.
Here is my client side
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException
{
String urlParameters = "param1=world&param2=abc&param3=xyz";
String request = "http://localhost:8080/wsRevDash/rest/post/test";
URL url = new URL(request);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setInstanceFollowRedirects(false);
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
conn.setRequestProperty("charset", "utf-8");
DataOutputStream wr = new DataOutputStream(conn.getOutputStream());
wr.writeBytes(urlParameters);
wr.flush();
wr.close();
Reader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream(), "UTF-8"));
System.out.println("\nSending 'POST' request to URL : " + url);
System.out.println("Post parameters : " + urlParameters);
for (int c; (c = in.read()) >= 0;)
System.out.print((char)c);
}
And here is my java rest web service method to access the parameters(unable to access).
#POST
#Path("/test")
#Produces(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
public String getpostdata(#QueryParam("param1") String param1,#QueryParam("param2") String param2)
{
JSONObject jObjDevice = new JSONObject();
jObjDevice.put("Hello",param1);
return jObjDevice.toJSONString();
}
When i run,I am getting
{"Hello":null} as json string instead of {"Hello":"world"}.Getting null means it is unale to access the passed parameters.Please do help.
You can use #QueryParam like shown below.
public String getpost( #QueryParam("param1") String param1,
#QueryParam("param2") String param2){
// Access both param below
}
To send data using POST request is quite straightforward.
Instead of conn.getOutputStream().write(postDataBytes); you'll have to use DataOutputStream to send data
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException
{
Map<String, String> params = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
params.put("param1", "hello");
params.put("param2", "world");
JSONObject myJSON = new JSONObject(params);
System.out.println(myJSON);
byte[] postData = myJSON.toString().getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
int postDataLength = postData.length;
String request = "http://localhost:8080/wsRevDash/rest/post/test";
URL url = new URL(request);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setInstanceFollowRedirects(false);
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json");
conn.setRequestProperty("charset", "utf-8");
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", Integer.toString(postDataLength));
//Try with Resources Example, just giving you an option
// try (DataOutputStream wr = new
// DataOutputStream(conn.getOutputStream()))
// {
// wr.write(postData);
// }
DataOutputStream wr = new DataOutputStream(conn.getOutputStream());
wr.write(postData);
}
Note: You're sending application/json header in your request but I don't see a JSON in your code. It is advisable to send useful headers only
You can convert HashMap directly to JSONObject like,
org.json.JSONObject jsonObject = new org.json.JSONObject(params);
But this only works for Map<String, String>
To access the parameter in webservice, you'll have to accept JSONObject instead of accepting Map<String, String>.
public String getpost(JSONObject params) throws JSONException
{
if(params.has("param1"))
System.out.println(params.getString("param1"));
if(params.has("param2"))
System.out.println(params.getString("param2"));
//IMPLEMENT YOUR LOGIC HERE AND THEN RETURN STRING
return "your_return string";
}

Android HttpUrlConnection not working

Basically, I'm trying to connect to a web interface through an Android App.
I managed to send commands to the form successfully using HttpClient. However, I want to accomplish this using HttpUrlConnection as recommended here http://android-developers.blogspot.com/2011/09/androids-http-clients.html with the intention of having a faster and more energy efficient connection.
URL url = new URL("http://" + mIpAddress + ":" + mPort + "/command.html");
HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
connection.setReadTimeout(10000);
connection.setConnectTimeout(15000);
connection.setRequestMethod("POST");
connection.setDoInput(true);
connection.setDoOutput(true);
OutputStream os = connection.getOutputStream();
BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(os, "UTF-8"));
writer.write(URLEncoder.encode("parameter=" + value, "UTF-8");
writer.flush();
writer.close();
os.close();
connection.connect();
Edit: No exceptions are being thrown since the code is executing just fine, the request is just probably not in the expected format by the server?
connnection.getInputStream() was required for the POST to work. Fixed.
Here is what I use to send http requests using HttpURLConnection, notice that the connection.connect() is right after setting up the HttpURLConnection not at the end, also the setDoInput makes the request POST instead of the default get,
URL url = new URL(urlString);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
//conn.setReadTimeout(10000 /* milliseconds */);
// conn.setConnectTimeout(15000 /* milliseconds */);
//conn.setRequestMethod("GET");
//conn.setDoInput(true); //* uses POST
// Starts the query
conn.connect();
InputStream stream = conn.getInputStream();
//String data = convertStreamToString(stream);
int sz = stream.available();
byte[] b = new byte[sz];
stream.read(b);
stream.close();
String data = new String(b);
Just add one line
connection.getRequestMethod();
and it will work.
I dont know why but this works for me after I have spent a whole day on it!
Could you provide more information, like Exceptions, or the servers response? Does the server receives a your request?
However, I recommend you to use okhttp which has been build on top of HttpUrlConnection
To share Data using HttpUrlConnection class
Here is Simple Connection class this Will Help you to Connect With WS , and to pass data using JSON parsing ..
import org.json.JSONObject;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
public class CommonConnectionClass {
JSONObject jsonObject;
public JSONObject getConnection(String u,JSONObject object){
try {
//URL url=new URL("https://e-gurukulam.000webhostapp.com/public_html/project/login.php"+u+".php");
URL url=new URL("http://"+new Connection_Url_Setter().urlIp+"/classroom/"+u+".php");
// URL url=new URL("http://192.168.43.120/classroom/"+u+".php");
HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection=(HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");
httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/json; charset=utf-8");
httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Accept","application/json; charset=utf-8");
httpURLConnection.setDoInput(true);
httpURLConnection.setDoOutput(true);
httpURLConnection.connect();
if(object!=null) {
DataOutputStream dataOutputStream = new DataOutputStream(httpURLConnection.getOutputStream());
dataOutputStream.write(object.toString().getBytes());
}
int code=httpURLConnection.getResponseCode();
if(code== HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK){
String inputLine;
StringBuilder stringBuilder=new StringBuilder();
BufferedReader bufferedReader=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(httpURLConnection.getInputStream()));
while((inputLine=bufferedReader.readLine())!=null){
stringBuilder.append(inputLine);
}
jsonObject=new JSONObject(stringBuilder.toString());
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return jsonObject;
}
}
To use this class i use the Asyn class Like,...
class userNameFetchTask extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, JSONObject> {
JSONObject object, jsonObject, json;
JSONArray jsonArray;
ArrayList<CreateGroupModel> lidList = new ArrayList<>();
String lid, name;
#Override
protected void onPreExecute() {
jsonObject = new JSONObject();
try {
jsonObject.put("lid", sp.getString("lid", null));
} catch (JSONException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
super.onPreExecute();
}
#Override
protected JSONObject doInBackground(Void... voids) {
object = new JSONObject();
CommonConnectionClass commonConnectionClass = new CommonConnectionClass();
object = commonConnectionClass.getConnection("selectUserForGroup", jsonObject);
return object;
}
#Override
protected void onPostExecute(JSONObject jsonObject) {
super.onPostExecute(jsonObject);
jsonArray = new JSONArray();
try {
jsonArray = jsonObject.getJSONArray("response");
for (int i = 0; i < jsonArray.length(); i++) {
CreateGroupModel model = new CreateGroupModel();
json = jsonArray.getJSONObject(i);
model.setLid(json.getString("relative_lid"));
model.setName(json.getString("name"));
model.setEmail(json.getString("email"));
model.setImage(json.getString("image"));
lidList.add(model);
}
viewstudentsadapterForCreateGroup viewstudentsadapterForCreateGroup = new viewstudentsadapterForCreateGroup(getApplicationContext(), lidList, createGroup_Activity.this);
listView.setAdapter(viewstudentsadapterForCreateGroup);
} catch (JSONException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
In my case, it was actually NetworkOnMainThreadException thrown but not shown clearly in Logs

Java - sending HTTP parameters via POST method easily

I am successfully using this code to send HTTP requests with some parameters via GET method
void sendRequest(String request)
{
// i.e.: request = "http://example.com/index.php?param1=a&param2=b&param3=c";
URL url = new URL(request);
HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
connection.setDoOutput(true);
connection.setInstanceFollowRedirects(false);
connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/plain");
connection.setRequestProperty("charset", "utf-8");
connection.connect();
}
Now I may need to send the parameters (i.e. param1, param2, param3) via POST method because they are very long.
I was thinking to add an extra parameter to that method (i.e. String httpMethod).
How can I change the code above as little as possible to be able to send paramters either via GET or POST?
I was hoping that changing
connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
to
connection.setRequestMethod("POST");
would have done the trick, but the parameters are still sent via GET method.
Has HttpURLConnection got any method that would help?
Is there any helpful Java construct?
Any help would be very much appreciated.
In a GET request, the parameters are sent as part of the URL.
In a POST request, the parameters are sent as a body of the request, after the headers.
To do a POST with HttpURLConnection, you need to write the parameters to the connection after you have opened the connection.
This code should get you started:
String urlParameters = "param1=a&param2=b&param3=c";
byte[] postData = urlParameters.getBytes( StandardCharsets.UTF_8 );
int postDataLength = postData.length;
String request = "http://example.com/index.php";
URL url = new URL( request );
HttpURLConnection conn= (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setDoOutput( true );
conn.setInstanceFollowRedirects( false );
conn.setRequestMethod( "POST" );
conn.setRequestProperty( "Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
conn.setRequestProperty( "charset", "utf-8");
conn.setRequestProperty( "Content-Length", Integer.toString( postDataLength ));
conn.setUseCaches( false );
try( DataOutputStream wr = new DataOutputStream( conn.getOutputStream())) {
wr.write( postData );
}
Here is a simple example that submits a form then dumps the result page to System.out. Change the URL and the POST params as appropriate, of course:
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.*;
class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
URL url = new URL("http://example.net/new-message.php");
Map<String,Object> params = new LinkedHashMap<>();
params.put("name", "Freddie the Fish");
params.put("email", "fishie#seamail.example.com");
params.put("reply_to_thread", 10394);
params.put("message", "Shark attacks in Botany Bay have gotten out of control. We need more defensive dolphins to protect the schools here, but Mayor Porpoise is too busy stuffing his snout with lobsters. He's so shellfish.");
StringBuilder postData = new StringBuilder();
for (Map.Entry<String,Object> param : params.entrySet()) {
if (postData.length() != 0) postData.append('&');
postData.append(URLEncoder.encode(param.getKey(), "UTF-8"));
postData.append('=');
postData.append(URLEncoder.encode(String.valueOf(param.getValue()), "UTF-8"));
}
byte[] postDataBytes = postData.toString().getBytes("UTF-8");
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(postDataBytes.length));
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.getOutputStream().write(postDataBytes);
Reader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream(), "UTF-8"));
for (int c; (c = in.read()) >= 0;)
System.out.print((char)c);
}
}
If you want the result as a String instead of directly printed out do:
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (int c; (c = in.read()) >= 0;)
sb.append((char)c);
String response = sb.toString();
I couldn't get Alan's example to actually do the post, so I ended up with this:
String urlParameters = "param1=a&param2=b&param3=c";
URL url = new URL("http://example.com/index.php");
URLConnection conn = url.openConnection();
conn.setDoOutput(true);
OutputStreamWriter writer = new OutputStreamWriter(conn.getOutputStream());
writer.write(urlParameters);
writer.flush();
String line;
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
System.out.println(line);
}
writer.close();
reader.close();
I find HttpURLConnection really cumbersome to use. And you have to write a lot of boilerplate, error prone code. I needed a lightweight wrapper for my Android projects and came out with a library which you can use as well: DavidWebb.
The above example could be written like this:
Webb webb = Webb.create();
webb.post("http://example.com/index.php")
.param("param1", "a")
.param("param2", "b")
.param("param3", "c")
.ensureSuccess()
.asVoid();
You can find a list of alternative libraries on the link provided.
import java.net.*;
public class Demo{
public static void main(){
String data = "data=Hello+World!";
URL url = new URL("http://localhost:8084/WebListenerServer/webListener");
HttpURLConnection con = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
con.setRequestMethod("POST");
con.setDoOutput(true);
con.getOutputStream().write(data.getBytes("UTF-8"));
con.getInputStream();
}
}
i have read above answers and have created a utility class to simplify HTTP request. i hope it will help you.
Method Call
// send params with Hash Map
HashMap<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>();
params.put("email","me#example.com");
params.put("password","12345");
//server url
String url = "http://www.example.com";
// static class "HttpUtility" with static method "newRequest(url,method,callback)"
HttpUtility.newRequest(url,HttpUtility.METHOD_POST,params, new HttpUtility.Callback() {
#Override
public void OnSuccess(String response) {
// on success
System.out.println("Server OnSuccess response="+response);
}
#Override
public void OnError(int status_code, String message) {
// on error
System.out.println("Server OnError status_code="+status_code+" message="+message);
}
});
Utility Class
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import static java.net.HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK;
public class HttpUtility {
public static final int METHOD_GET = 0; // METHOD GET
public static final int METHOD_POST = 1; // METHOD POST
// Callback interface
public interface Callback {
// abstract methods
public void OnSuccess(String response);
public void OnError(int status_code, String message);
}
// static method
public static void newRequest(String web_url, int method, HashMap < String, String > params, Callback callback) {
// thread for handling async task
new Thread(new Runnable() {
#Override
public void run() {
try {
String url = web_url;
// write GET params,append with url
if (method == METHOD_GET && params != null) {
for (Map.Entry < String, String > item: params.entrySet()) {
String key = URLEncoder.encode(item.getKey(), "UTF-8");
String value = URLEncoder.encode(item.getValue(), "UTF-8");
if (!url.contains("?")) {
url += "?" + key + "=" + value;
} else {
url += "&" + key + "=" + value;
}
}
}
HttpURLConnection urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) new URL(url).openConnection();
urlConnection.setUseCaches(false);
urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"); // handle url encoded form data
urlConnection.setRequestProperty("charset", "utf-8");
if (method == METHOD_GET) {
urlConnection.setRequestMethod("GET");
} else if (method == METHOD_POST) {
urlConnection.setDoOutput(true); // write POST params
urlConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");
}
//write POST data
if (method == METHOD_POST && params != null) {
StringBuilder postData = new StringBuilder();
for (Map.Entry < String, String > item: params.entrySet()) {
if (postData.length() != 0) postData.append('&');
postData.append(URLEncoder.encode(item.getKey(), "UTF-8"));
postData.append('=');
postData.append(URLEncoder.encode(String.valueOf(item.getValue()), "UTF-8"));
}
byte[] postDataBytes = postData.toString().getBytes("UTF-8");
urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(postDataBytes.length));
urlConnection.getOutputStream().write(postDataBytes);
}
// server response code
int responseCode = urlConnection.getResponseCode();
if (responseCode == HTTP_OK && callback != null) {
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(urlConnection.getInputStream()));
StringBuilder response = new StringBuilder();
String line;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
response.append(line);
}
// callback success
callback.OnSuccess(response.toString());
reader.close(); // close BufferReader
} else if (callback != null) {
// callback error
callback.OnError(responseCode, urlConnection.getResponseMessage());
}
urlConnection.disconnect(); // disconnect connection
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
if (callback != null) {
// callback error
callback.OnError(500, e.getLocalizedMessage());
}
}
}
}).start(); // start thread
}
}
I see some other answers have given the alternative, I personally think that intuitively you're doing the right thing ;). Sorry, at devoxx where several speakers have been ranting about this sort of thing.
That's why I personally use Apache's HTTPClient/HttpCore libraries to do this sort of work, I find their API to be easier to use than Java's native HTTP support. YMMV of course!
GET and POST method set like this... Two types for api calling 1)get() and 2) post() . get() method to get value from api json array to get value & post() method use in our data post in url and get response.
public class HttpClientForExample {
private final String USER_AGENT = "Mozilla/5.0";
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
HttpClientExample http = new HttpClientExample();
System.out.println("Testing 1 - Send Http GET request");
http.sendGet();
System.out.println("\nTesting 2 - Send Http POST request");
http.sendPost();
}
// HTTP GET request
private void sendGet() throws Exception {
String url = "http://www.google.com/search?q=developer";
HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpGet request = new HttpGet(url);
// add request header
request.addHeader("User-Agent", USER_AGENT);
HttpResponse response = client.execute(request);
System.out.println("\nSending 'GET' request to URL : " + url);
System.out.println("Response Code : " +
response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
BufferedReader rd = new BufferedReader(
new InputStreamReader(response.getEntity().getContent()));
StringBuffer result = new StringBuffer();
String line = "";
while ((line = rd.readLine()) != null) {
result.append(line);
}
System.out.println(result.toString());
}
// HTTP POST request
private void sendPost() throws Exception {
String url = "https://selfsolve.apple.com/wcResults.do";
HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(url);
// add header
post.setHeader("User-Agent", USER_AGENT);
List<NameValuePair> urlParameters = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
urlParameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("sn", "C02G8416DRJM"));
urlParameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("cn", ""));
urlParameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("locale", ""));
urlParameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("caller", ""));
urlParameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("num", "12345"));
post.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(urlParameters));
HttpResponse response = client.execute(post);
System.out.println("\nSending 'POST' request to URL : " + url);
System.out.println("Post parameters : " + post.getEntity());
System.out.println("Response Code : " +
response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
BufferedReader rd = new BufferedReader(
new InputStreamReader(response.getEntity().getContent()));
StringBuffer result = new StringBuffer();
String line = "";
while ((line = rd.readLine()) != null) {
result.append(line);
}
System.out.println(result.toString());
}
}
I had the same issue. I wanted to send data via POST.
I used the following code:
URL url = new URL("http://example.com/getval.php");
Map<String,Object> params = new LinkedHashMap<>();
params.put("param1", param1);
params.put("param2", param2);
StringBuilder postData = new StringBuilder();
for (Map.Entry<String,Object> param : params.entrySet()) {
if (postData.length() != 0) postData.append('&');
postData.append(URLEncoder.encode(param.getKey(), "UTF-8"));
postData.append('=');
postData.append(URLEncoder.encode(String.valueOf(param.getValue()), "UTF-8"));
}
String urlParameters = postData.toString();
URLConnection conn = url.openConnection();
conn.setDoOutput(true);
OutputStreamWriter writer = new OutputStreamWriter(conn.getOutputStream());
writer.write(urlParameters);
writer.flush();
String result = "";
String line;
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
result += line;
}
writer.close();
reader.close()
System.out.println(result);
I used Jsoup for parse:
Document doc = Jsoup.parseBodyFragment(value);
Iterator<Element> opts = doc.select("option").iterator();
for (;opts.hasNext();) {
Element item = opts.next();
if (item.hasAttr("value")) {
System.out.println(item.attr("value"));
}
}
Try this pattern:
public static PricesResponse getResponse(EventRequestRaw request) {
// String urlParameters = "param1=a&param2=b&param3=c";
String urlParameters = Piping.serialize(request);
HttpURLConnection conn = RestClient.getPOSTConnection(endPoint, urlParameters);
PricesResponse response = null;
try {
// POST
OutputStreamWriter writer = new OutputStreamWriter(conn.getOutputStream());
writer.write(urlParameters);
writer.flush();
// RESPONSE
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader((conn.getInputStream()), StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
String json = Buffering.getString(reader);
response = (PricesResponse) Piping.deserialize(json, PricesResponse.class);
writer.close();
reader.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
conn.disconnect();
System.out.println("PricesClient: " + response.toString());
return response;
}
public static HttpURLConnection getPOSTConnection(String endPoint, String urlParameters) {
return RestClient.getConnection(endPoint, "POST", urlParameters);
}
public static HttpURLConnection getConnection(String endPoint, String method, String urlParameters) {
System.out.println("ENDPOINT " + endPoint + " METHOD " + method);
HttpURLConnection conn = null;
try {
URL url = new URL(endPoint);
conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setRequestMethod(method);
conn.setDoOutput(true);
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/plain");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return conn;
}
This answer covers the specific case of the POST Call using a Custom Java POJO.
Using maven dependency for Gson to serialize our Java Object to JSON.
Install Gson using the dependency below.
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
<artifactId>gson</artifactId>
<version>2.8.5</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
For those using gradle can use the below
dependencies {
implementation 'com.google.code.gson:gson:2.8.5'
}
Other imports used:
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.*;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import com.google.gson.Gson;
Now, we can go ahead and use the HttpPost provided by Apache
private CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost("https://example.com");
Product product = new Product(); //custom java object to be posted as Request Body
Gson gson = new Gson();
String client = gson.toJson(product);
httppost.setEntity(new StringEntity(client, ContentType.APPLICATION_JSON));
httppost.setHeader("RANDOM-HEADER", "headervalue");
//Execute and get the response.
HttpResponse response = null;
try {
response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
} catch (IOException e) {
throw new InternalServerErrorException("Post fails");
}
Response.Status responseStatus = Response.Status.fromStatusCode(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
return Response.status(responseStatus).build();
The above code will return with the response code received from the POST Call
here i sent jsonobject as parameter //jsonobject={"name":"lucifer","pass":"abc"}//serverUrl = "http://192.168.100.12/testing" //host=192.168.100.12
public static String getJson(String serverUrl,String host,String jsonobject){
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
String http = serverUrl;
HttpURLConnection urlConnection = null;
try {
URL url = new URL(http);
urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
urlConnection.setDoOutput(true);
urlConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");
urlConnection.setUseCaches(false);
urlConnection.setConnectTimeout(50000);
urlConnection.setReadTimeout(50000);
urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json");
urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Host", host);
urlConnection.connect();
//You Can also Create JSONObject here
OutputStreamWriter out = new OutputStreamWriter(urlConnection.getOutputStream());
out.write(jsonobject);// here i sent the parameter
out.close();
int HttpResult = urlConnection.getResponseCode();
if (HttpResult == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
urlConnection.getInputStream(), "utf-8"));
String line = null;
while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
sb.append(line + "\n");
}
br.close();
Log.e("new Test", "" + sb.toString());
return sb.toString();
} else {
Log.e(" ", "" + urlConnection.getResponseMessage());
}
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (JSONException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (urlConnection != null)
urlConnection.disconnect();
}
return null;
}
Hello pls use this class to improve your post method
public static JSONObject doPostRequest(HashMap<String, String> data, String url) {
try {
RequestBody requestBody;
MultipartBuilder mBuilder = new MultipartBuilder().type(MultipartBuilder.FORM);
if (data != null) {
for (String key : data.keySet()) {
String value = data.get(key);
Utility.printLog("Key Values", key + "-----------------" + value);
mBuilder.addFormDataPart(key, value);
}
} else {
mBuilder.addFormDataPart("temp", "temp");
}
requestBody = mBuilder.build();
Request request = new Request.Builder()
.url(url)
.post(requestBody)
.build();
OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();
String responseBody = response.body().string();
Utility.printLog("URL", url);
Utility.printLog("Response", responseBody);
return new JSONObject(responseBody);
} catch (UnknownHostException | UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
JSONObject jsonObject=new JSONObject();
try {
jsonObject.put("status","false");
jsonObject.put("message",e.getLocalizedMessage());
} catch (JSONException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
Log.e(TAG, "Error: " + e.getLocalizedMessage());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
JSONObject jsonObject=new JSONObject();
try {
jsonObject.put("status","false");
jsonObject.put("message",e.getLocalizedMessage());
} catch (JSONException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
Log.e(TAG, "Other Error: " + e.getLocalizedMessage());
}
return null;
}
I higly recomend http-request built on apache http api.
For your case you can see example:
private static final HttpRequest<String.class> HTTP_REQUEST =
HttpRequestBuilder.createPost("http://example.com/index.php", String.class)
.responseDeserializer(ResponseDeserializer.ignorableDeserializer())
.build();
public void sendRequest(String request){
String parameters = request.split("\\?")[1];
ResponseHandler<String> responseHandler =
HTTP_REQUEST.executeWithQuery(parameters);
System.out.println(responseHandler.getStatusCode());
System.out.println(responseHandler.get()); //prints response body
}
If you are not interested in the response body
private static final HttpRequest<?> HTTP_REQUEST =
HttpRequestBuilder.createPost("http://example.com/index.php").build();
public void sendRequest(String request){
ResponseHandler<String> responseHandler =
HTTP_REQUEST.executeWithQuery(parameters);
}
For general sending post request with http-request: Read the documentation and see my answers HTTP POST request with JSON String in JAVA, Sending HTTP POST Request In Java, HTTP POST using JSON in Java
I took Boann's answer and used it to create a more flexible query string builder that supports lists and arrays, just like php's http_build_query method:
public static byte[] httpBuildQueryString(Map<String, Object> postsData) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
StringBuilder postData = new StringBuilder();
for (Map.Entry<String,Object> param : postsData.entrySet()) {
if (postData.length() != 0) postData.append('&');
Object value = param.getValue();
String key = param.getKey();
if(value instanceof Object[] || value instanceof List<?>)
{
int size = value instanceof Object[] ? ((Object[])value).length : ((List<?>)value).size();
for(int i = 0; i < size; i++)
{
Object val = value instanceof Object[] ? ((Object[])value)[i] : ((List<?>)value).get(i);
if(i>0) postData.append('&');
postData.append(URLEncoder.encode(key + "[" + i + "]", "UTF-8"));
postData.append('=');
postData.append(URLEncoder.encode(String.valueOf(val), "UTF-8"));
}
}
else
{
postData.append(URLEncoder.encode(key, "UTF-8"));
postData.append('=');
postData.append(URLEncoder.encode(String.valueOf(value), "UTF-8"));
}
}
return postData.toString().getBytes("UTF-8");
}
For those having trouble receiving the request on a php page using $_POST because you expect key-value pairs:
While all the answers where very helpful, I lacked some basic understanding on which string actually to post, since in the old apache HttpClient I used
new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairs); (Java)
and then could use $_POST in php do get the key-value pairs.
To my understanding now one has build that string manually before posting. So the string needs to look like
val data = "key1=val1&key2=val2"
but instead just adding it to the url it is posted (in the header).
The alternative would be to use a json-string instead:
val data = "{\"key1\":\"val1\",\"key2\":\"val2\"}" // {"key1":"val1","key2":"val2"}
and pull it in php without $_POST:
$json_params = file_get_contents('php://input');
// echo_p("Data: $json_params");
$data = json_decode($json_params, true);
Here you find a sample code in Kotlin:
class TaskDownloadTest : AsyncTask<Void, Void, Void>() {
override fun doInBackground(vararg params: Void): Void? {
var urlConnection: HttpURLConnection? = null
try {
val postData = JsonObject()
postData.addProperty("key1", "val1")
postData.addProperty("key2", "val2")
// reformat json to key1=value1&key2=value2
// keeping json because I may change the php part to interpret json requests, could be a HashMap instead
val keys = postData.keySet()
var request = ""
keys.forEach { key ->
// Log.i("data", key)
request += "$key=${postData.get(key)}&"
}
request = request.replace("\"", "").removeSuffix("&")
val requestLength = request.toByteArray().size
// Warning in Android 9 you need to add a line in the application part of the manifest: android:usesCleartextTraffic="true"
// https://stackoverflow.com/questions/45940861/android-8-cleartext-http-traffic-not-permitted
val url = URL("http://10.0.2.2/getdata.php")
urlConnection = url.openConnection() as HttpURLConnection
// urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded") // apparently default
// Not sure what these are for, I do not use them
// urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json")
// urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Key","Value")
urlConnection.readTimeout = 5000
urlConnection.connectTimeout = 5000
urlConnection.requestMethod = "POST"
urlConnection.doOutput = true
// urlConnection.doInput = true
urlConnection.useCaches = false
urlConnection.setFixedLengthStreamingMode(requestLength)
// urlConnection.setChunkedStreamingMode(0) // if you do not want to handle request length which is fine for small requests
val out = urlConnection.outputStream
val writer = BufferedWriter(
OutputStreamWriter(
out, "UTF-8"
)
)
writer.write(request)
// writer.write("{\"key1\":\"val1\",\"key2\":\"val2\"}") // {"key1":"val1","key2":"val2"} JsonFormat or just postData.toString() for $json_params=file_get_contents('php://input'); json_decode($json_params, true); in php
// writer.write("key1=val1&key2=val2") // key=value format for $_POST in php
writer.flush()
writer.close()
out.close()
val code = urlConnection.responseCode
if (code != 200) {
throw IOException("Invalid response from server: $code")
}
val rd = BufferedReader(
InputStreamReader(
urlConnection.inputStream
)
)
var line = rd.readLine()
while (line != null) {
Log.i("data", line)
line = rd.readLine()
}
} catch (e: Exception) {
e.printStackTrace()
} finally {
urlConnection?.disconnect()
}
return null
}
}
Now I had to do an HTTP request class, it is probably not the most efficient class, but it works.
I collected some codes from this page and made it more dynamic.
Anyone who needs a complete code, I attached it below.
For an example of how to use it, you can look at the main method.
Also, if you are willing to improve classes online, you are more than welcome to help me make this class better.
import java.net.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.nio.charset.*;
import java.io.*;
public class HttpRequest {
String result = "";
HttpRequest(String _url, String _method, Map<String, String> _postData, String _contentType) {
try {
URL url = new URL( _url );
URLConnection con = url.openConnection();
HttpURLConnection http = (HttpURLConnection)con;
http.setRequestMethod(_method); // PUT is another valid option
http.setDoOutput(true);
StringJoiner sj = new StringJoiner("&");
for(Map.Entry<String,String> entry : _postData.entrySet())
sj.add(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getKey(), "UTF-8") + "=" + entry.getValue());
//sj.add(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getKey(), "UTF-8") + "=" + URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue()));
byte[] out = sj.toString().getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
int length = out.length;
http.setFixedLengthStreamingMode(length);
http.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", _contentType);
http.setRequestProperty( "charset", "utf-8");
http.setRequestProperty( "Content-Length", Integer.toString( length ));
http.setInstanceFollowRedirects( false );
http.setUseCaches( false );
http.connect();
try(OutputStream os = http.getOutputStream()) {
os.write(out);
}
if (http.getResponseCode() == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
try (BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(http.getInputStream()))) {
String line;
while ((line = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
result = result + line;
}
}
} else {
System.out.println("Bad response!");
}
}catch (IOException e) {
// writing exception to log
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
HttpRequest(String _url, String _method, Map<String, String> _postData) {
this(_url, _method, _postData, "text/html");
}
HttpRequest(String _url, String _method) {
this(_url, _method, new HashMap<String, String>());
}
HttpRequest(String _url) {
this(_url, "GET");
}
public String toString() {
return result;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Map<String, String> postData = new HashMap<String, String>();
postData.putIfAbsent("email", "test#test.com");
postData.putIfAbsent("password", "test");
HttpRequest result = new HttpRequest("https://httpbin.org/anything", "POST", postData, "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
System.out.println(result.toString());
}
}
Appears that you also have to callconnection.getOutputStream() "at least once" (as well as setDoOutput(true)) for it to treat it as a POST.
So the minimum required code is:
URL url = new URL(urlString);
HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
//connection.setRequestMethod("POST"); this doesn't seem to do anything at all..so not useful
connection.setDoOutput(true); // set it to POST...not enough by itself however, also need the getOutputStream call...
connection.connect();
connection.getOutputStream().close();
You can even use "GET" style parameters in the urlString, surprisingly. Though that might confuse things.
You can also use NameValuePair apparently.

Categories